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David Hildenbrand 9b24247a24 virtio-mem: try to merge system ram resources
virtio-mem adds memory in memory block granularity, to be able to remove
it in the same granularity again later, and to grow slowly on demand.
This, however, results in quite a lot of resources when adding a lot of
memory.  Resources are effectively stored in a list-based tree.  Having a
lot of resources not only wastes memory, it also makes traversing that
tree more expensive, and makes /proc/iomem explode in size (e.g.,
requiring kexec-tools to manually merge resources later when e.g., trying
to create a kdump header).

Before this patch, we get (/proc/iomem) when hotplugging 2G via virtio-mem
on x86-64:
        [...]
        100000000-13fffffff : System RAM
        140000000-33fffffff : virtio0
          140000000-147ffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          148000000-14fffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          150000000-157ffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          158000000-15fffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          160000000-167ffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          168000000-16fffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          170000000-177ffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          178000000-17fffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          180000000-187ffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          188000000-18fffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          190000000-197ffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          198000000-19fffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          1a0000000-1a7ffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          1a8000000-1afffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          1b0000000-1b7ffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
          1b8000000-1bfffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
        3280000000-32ffffffff : PCI Bus 0000:00

With this patch, we get (/proc/iomem):
        [...]
        fffc0000-ffffffff : Reserved
        100000000-13fffffff : System RAM
        140000000-33fffffff : virtio0
          140000000-1bfffffff : System RAM (virtio_mem)
        3280000000-32ffffffff : PCI Bus 0000:00

Of course, with more hotplugged memory, it gets worse.  When unplugging
memory blocks again, try_remove_memory() (via offline_and_remove_memory())
will properly split the resource up again.

Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Pankaj Gupta <pankaj.gupta.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Wei Yang <richardw.yang@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Anton Blanchard <anton@ozlabs.org>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Haiyang Zhang <haiyangz@microsoft.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Julien Grall <julien@xen.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "K. Y. Srinivasan" <kys@microsoft.com>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Cc: Leonardo Bras <leobras.c@gmail.com>
Cc: Libor Pechacek <lpechacek@suse.cz>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nathan Lynch <nathanl@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: "Oliver O'Halloran" <oohall@gmail.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Pingfan Liu <kernelfans@gmail.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Roger Pau Monné <roger.pau@citrix.com>
Cc: Stefano Stabellini <sstabellini@kernel.org>
Cc: Stephen Hemminger <sthemmin@microsoft.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Cc: Wei Liu <wei.liu@kernel.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200911103459.10306-7-david@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-10-16 11:11:18 -07:00
arch mm/memory_hotplug: prepare passing flags to add_memory() and friends 2020-10-16 11:11:18 -07:00
block - Improve DM core's bio splitting to use blk_max_size_offset(). Also 2020-10-14 15:05:38 -07:00
certs .gitignore: add SPDX License Identifier 2020-03-25 11:50:48 +01:00
crypto drivers-5.10-2020-10-12 2020-10-13 13:04:41 -07:00
Documentation XArray: add xas_split 2020-10-16 11:11:15 -07:00
drivers virtio-mem: try to merge system ram resources 2020-10-16 11:11:18 -07:00
fs mm/readahead: make page_cache_ra_unbounded take a readahead_control 2020-10-16 11:11:16 -07:00
include mm/memory_hotplug: MEMHP_MERGE_RESOURCE to specify merging of System RAM resources 2020-10-16 11:11:18 -07:00
init Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial 2020-10-15 15:11:56 -07:00
ipc ipc: adjust proc_ipc_sem_dointvec definition to match prototype 2020-09-05 12:14:29 -07:00
kernel mm/memory_hotplug: MEMHP_MERGE_RESOURCE to specify merging of System RAM resources 2020-10-16 11:11:18 -07:00
lib XArray: add xas_split 2020-10-16 11:11:15 -07:00
LICENSES LICENSES/deprecated: add Zlib license text 2020-09-16 14:33:49 +02:00
mm mm/memory_hotplug: MEMHP_MERGE_RESOURCE to specify merging of System RAM resources 2020-10-16 11:11:18 -07:00
net io_uring-5.10-2020-10-12 2020-10-13 12:36:21 -07:00
samples configfs updates for 5.10 2020-10-15 14:52:45 -07:00
scripts Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial 2020-10-15 15:11:56 -07:00
security Char/Misc driver patches for 5.10-rc1 2020-10-15 10:01:51 -07:00
sound dma-mapping updates for 5.10 2020-10-15 14:43:29 -07:00
tools linux-kselftest-kunit-fixes-5.10-rc1 2020-10-15 15:17:06 -07:00
usr Merge branch 'work.fdpic' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs 2020-08-07 13:29:39 -07:00
virt KVM: fix memory leak in kvm_io_bus_unregister_dev() 2020-09-11 13:15:11 -04:00
.clang-format memblock: use separate iterators for memory and reserved regions 2020-10-13 18:38:35 -07:00
.cocciconfig
.get_maintainer.ignore Opt out of scripts/get_maintainer.pl 2019-05-16 10:53:40 -07:00
.gitattributes .gitattributes: use 'dts' diff driver for dts files 2019-12-04 19:44:11 -08:00
.gitignore .gitignore: docs: ignore sphinx_*/ directories 2020-09-10 10:44:31 -06:00
.mailmap As hoped, things calmed down for docs this cycle; fewer changes and almost 2020-10-12 16:21:29 -07:00
COPYING COPYING: state that all contributions really are covered by this file 2020-02-10 13:32:20 -08:00
CREDITS MAINTAINERS: Move Hartmut Knaack to Credits 2020-09-06 17:02:44 +01:00
Kbuild kbuild: rename hostprogs-y/always to hostprogs/always-y 2020-02-04 01:53:07 +09:00
Kconfig kbuild: ensure full rebuild when the compiler is updated 2020-05-12 13:28:33 +09:00
MAINTAINERS Merge branch 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial 2020-10-15 15:11:56 -07:00
Makefile Revert "kbuild: disable clang's default use of -fmerge-all-constants" 2020-10-13 18:38:26 -07:00
README Drop all 00-INDEX files from Documentation/ 2018-09-09 15:08:58 -06:00

Linux kernel
============

There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.

In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``.  The formatted documentation can also be read online at:

    https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/

There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.

Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.