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Signed-off-by: Zach Carter <linux@zachcarter.com> Cc: Bart Samwel <bart@samwel.tk> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
951 lines
31 KiB
Plaintext
951 lines
31 KiB
Plaintext
How to conserve battery power using laptop-mode
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-----------------------------------------------
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Document Author: Bart Samwel (bart@samwel.tk)
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Date created: January 2, 2004
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Last modified: December 06, 2004
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Introduction
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------------
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Laptop mode is used to minimize the time that the hard disk needs to be spun up,
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to conserve battery power on laptops. It has been reported to cause significant
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power savings.
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Contents
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--------
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* Introduction
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* Installation
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* Caveats
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* The Details
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* Tips & Tricks
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* Control script
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* ACPI integration
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* Monitoring tool
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Installation
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------------
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To use laptop mode, you don't need to set any kernel configuration options
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or anything. Simply install all the files included in this document, and
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laptop mode will automatically be started when you're on battery. For
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your convenience, a tarball containing an installer can be downloaded at:
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http://www.samwel.tk/laptop_mode/laptop_mode/
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To configure laptop mode, you need to edit the configuration file, which is
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located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian-based systems, or in
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/etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems.
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Unfortunately, automatic enabling of laptop mode does not work for
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laptops that don't have ACPI. On those laptops, you need to start laptop
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mode manually. To start laptop mode, run "laptop_mode start", and to
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stop it, run "laptop_mode stop". (Note: The laptop mode tools package now
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has experimental support for APM, you might want to try that first.)
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Caveats
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-------
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* The downside of laptop mode is that you have a chance of losing up to 10
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minutes of work. If you cannot afford this, don't use it! The supplied ACPI
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scripts automatically turn off laptop mode when the battery almost runs out,
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so that you won't lose any data at the end of your battery life.
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* Most desktop hard drives have a very limited lifetime measured in spindown
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cycles, typically about 50.000 times (it's usually listed on the spec sheet).
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Check your drive's rating, and don't wear down your drive's lifetime if you
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don't need to.
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* If you mount some of your ext3/reiserfs filesystems with the -n option, then
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the control script will not be able to remount them correctly. You must set
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DO_REMOUNTS=0 in the control script, otherwise it will remount them with the
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wrong options -- or it will fail because it cannot write to /etc/mtab.
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* If you have your filesystems listed as type "auto" in fstab, like I did, then
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the control script will not recognize them as filesystems that need remounting.
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You must list the filesystems with their true type instead.
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* It has been reported that some versions of the mutt mail client use file access
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times to determine whether a folder contains new mail. If you use mutt and
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experience this, you must disable the noatime remounting by setting the option
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DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME to 0 in the configuration file.
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The Details
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-----------
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Laptop mode is controlled by the knob /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode. This knob is
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present for all kernels that have the laptop mode patch, regardless of any
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configuration options. When the knob is set, any physical disk I/O (that might
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have caused the hard disk to spin up) causes Linux to flush all dirty blocks. The
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result of this is that after a disk has spun down, it will not be spun up
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anymore to write dirty blocks, because those blocks had already been written
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immediately after the most recent read operation. The value of the laptop_mode
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knob determines the time between the occurrence of disk I/O and when the flush
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is triggered. A sensible value for the knob is 5 seconds. Setting the knob to
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0 disables laptop mode.
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To increase the effectiveness of the laptop_mode strategy, the laptop_mode
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control script increases dirty_expire_centisecs and dirty_writeback_centisecs in
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/proc/sys/vm to about 10 minutes (by default), which means that pages that are
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dirtied are not forced to be written to disk as often. The control script also
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changes the dirty background ratio, so that background writeback of dirty pages
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is not done anymore. Combined with a higher commit value (also 10 minutes) for
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ext3 or ReiserFS filesystems (also done automatically by the control script),
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this results in concentration of disk activity in a small time interval which
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occurs only once every 10 minutes, or whenever the disk is forced to spin up by
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a cache miss. The disk can then be spun down in the periods of inactivity.
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If you want to find out which process caused the disk to spin up, you can
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gather information by setting the flag /proc/sys/vm/block_dump. When this flag
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is set, Linux reports all disk read and write operations that take place, and
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all block dirtyings done to files. This makes it possible to debug why a disk
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needs to spin up, and to increase battery life even more. The output of
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block_dump is written to the kernel output, and it can be retrieved using
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"dmesg". When you use block_dump and your kernel logging level also includes
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kernel debugging messages, you probably want to turn off klogd, otherwise
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the output of block_dump will be logged, causing disk activity that is not
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normally there.
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Configuration
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-------------
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The laptop mode configuration file is located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on
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Debian-based systems, or in /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems. It
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contains the following options:
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MAX_AGE:
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Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
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comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
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amount of work if your battery fails while you're in laptop mode.
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MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES:
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Automatically disable laptop mode if the remaining number of minutes of
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battery power is less than this value. Default is 10 minutes.
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AC_HD/BATT_HD:
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The idle timeout that should be set on your hard drive when laptop mode
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is active (BATT_HD) and when it is not active (AC_HD). The defaults are
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20 seconds (value 4) for BATT_HD and 2 hours (value 244) for AC_HD. The
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possible values are those listed in the manual page for "hdparm" for the
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"-S" option.
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HD:
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The devices for which the spindown timeout should be adjusted by laptop mode.
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Default is /dev/hda. If you specify multiple devices, separate them by a space.
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READAHEAD:
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Disk readahead, in 512-byte sectors, while laptop mode is active. A large
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readahead can prevent disk accesses for things like executable pages (which are
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loaded on demand while the application executes) and sequentially accessed data
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(MP3s).
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DO_REMOUNTS:
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The control script automatically remounts any mounted journaled filesystems
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with appropriate commit interval options. When this option is set to 0, this
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feature is disabled.
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DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME:
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When remounting, should the filesystems be remounted with the noatime option?
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Normally, this is set to "1" (enabled), but there may be programs that require
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access time recording.
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DIRTY_RATIO:
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The percentage of memory that is allowed to contain "dirty" or unsaved data
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before a writeback is forced, while laptop mode is active. Corresponds to
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the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio sysctl.
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DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:
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The percentage of memory that is allowed to contain "dirty" or unsaved data
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after a forced writeback is done due to an exceeding of DIRTY_RATIO. Set
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this nice and low. This corresponds to the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
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sysctl.
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Note that the behaviour of dirty_background_ratio is quite different
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when laptop mode is active and when it isn't. When laptop mode is inactive,
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dirty_background_ratio is the threshold percentage at which background writeouts
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start taking place. When laptop mode is active, however, background writeouts
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are disabled, and the dirty_background_ratio only determines how much writeback
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is done when dirty_ratio is reached.
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DO_CPU:
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Enable CPU frequency scaling when in laptop mode. (Requires CPUFreq to be setup.
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See Documentation/cpu-freq/user-guide.txt for more info. Disabled by default.)
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CPU_MAXFREQ:
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When on battery, what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should use? Legal
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values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your CPU is able to operate at,
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or a value listed in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies.
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Tips & Tricks
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-------------
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* Bartek Kania reports getting up to 50 minutes of extra battery life (on top
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of his regular 3 to 3.5 hours) using a spindown time of 5 seconds (BATT_HD=1).
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* You can spin down the disk while playing MP3, by setting disk readahead
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to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk will read a complete MP3 at
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once, and will then spin down while the MP3 is playing. (Thanks to Bartek
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Kania.)
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* Drew Scott Daniels observed: "I don't know why, but when I decrease the number
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of colours that my display uses it consumes less battery power. I've seen
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this on powerbooks too. I hope that this is a piece of information that
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might be useful to the Laptop Mode patch or it's users."
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* In syslog.conf, you can prefix entries with a dash ``-'' to omit syncing the
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file after every logging. When you're using laptop-mode and your disk doesn't
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spin down, this is a likely culprit.
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* Richard Atterer observed that laptop mode does not work well with noflushd
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(http://noflushd.sourceforge.net/), it seems that noflushd prevents laptop-mode
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from doing its thing.
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* If you're worried about your data, you might want to consider using a USB
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memory stick or something like that as a "working area". (Be aware though
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that flash memory can only handle a limited number of writes, and overuse
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may wear out your memory stick pretty quickly. Do _not_ use journalling
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filesystems on flash memory sticks.)
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Configuration file for control and ACPI battery scripts
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-------------------------------------------------------
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This allows the tunables to be changed for the scripts via an external
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configuration file
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It should be installed as /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian, and as
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/etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on Red Hat, SUSE, Mandrake, and other work-alikes.
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--------------------CONFIG FILE BEGIN-------------------------------------------
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# Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
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# comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
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# amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode.
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#MAX_AGE=600
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# Automatically disable laptop mode when the number of minutes of battery
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# that you have left goes below this threshold.
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MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=10
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# Read-ahead, in 512-byte sectors. You can spin down the disk while playing MP3/OGG
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# by setting the disk readahead to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk
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# will read a complete MP3 at once, and will then spin down while the MP3/OGG is
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# playing.
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#READAHEAD=4096
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# Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropriate commit interval? (1=yes)
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#DO_REMOUNTS=1
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# And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
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#DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=1
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# Dirty synchronous ratio. At this percentage of dirty pages the process
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# which
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# calls write() does its own writeback
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#DIRTY_RATIO=40
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#
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# Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent. Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
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# exceeded, the kernel will wake pdflush which will then reduce the amount
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# of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio. Set this nice and low, so once
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# some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
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#
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#DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=5
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# kernel default dirty buffer age
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#DEF_AGE=30
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#DEF_UPDATE=5
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#DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=10
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#DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=40
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#DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=15
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#DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=30
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#DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=1
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# This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
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# on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
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# centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still
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# needs# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for
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# external interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't
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# need to change this on 2.6.
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#XFS_HZ=100
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# Should the maximum CPU frequency be adjusted down while on battery?
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# Requires CPUFreq to be setup.
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# See Documentation/cpu-freq/user-guide.txt for more info
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#DO_CPU=0
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# When on battery what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should
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# use? Legal values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your
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# CPU is able to operate at, or a value listed in:
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# /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies
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# Only applicable if DO_CPU=1.
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#CPU_MAXFREQ=slowest
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# Idle timeout for your hard drive (man hdparm for valid values, -S option)
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# Default is 2 hours on AC (AC_HD=244) and 20 seconds for battery (BATT_HD=4).
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#AC_HD=244
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#BATT_HD=4
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# The drives for which to adjust the idle timeout. Separate them by a space,
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# e.g. HD="/dev/hda /dev/hdb".
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#HD="/dev/hda"
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# Set the spindown timeout on a hard drive?
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#DO_HD=1
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--------------------CONFIG FILE END---------------------------------------------
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Control script
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--------------
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Please note that this control script works for the Linux 2.4 and 2.6 series (thanks
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to Kiko Piris).
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--------------------CONTROL SCRIPT BEGIN----------------------------------------
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#!/bin/bash
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# start or stop laptop_mode, best run by a power management daemon when
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# ac gets connected/disconnected from a laptop
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#
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# install as /sbin/laptop_mode
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#
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# Contributors to this script: Kiko Piris
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# Bart Samwel
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# Micha Feigin
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# Andrew Morton
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# Herve Eychenne
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# Dax Kelson
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#
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# Original Linux 2.4 version by: Jens Axboe
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#############################################################################
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# Source config
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if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then
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# Debian
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. /etc/default/laptop-mode
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elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then
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# Others
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. /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode
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fi
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# Don't raise an error if the config file is incomplete
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# set defaults instead:
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# Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
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# comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
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# amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode.
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MAX_AGE=${MAX_AGE:-'600'}
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# Read-ahead, in kilobytes
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READAHEAD=${READAHEAD:-'4096'}
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# Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropriate commit interval? (1=yes)
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DO_REMOUNTS=${DO_REMOUNTS:-'1'}
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# And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
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DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=${DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME:-'1'}
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# Shall we adjust the idle timeout on a hard drive?
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DO_HD=${DO_HD:-'1'}
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# Adjust idle timeout on which hard drive?
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HD="${HD:-'/dev/hda'}"
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# spindown time for HD (hdparm -S values)
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AC_HD=${AC_HD:-'244'}
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BATT_HD=${BATT_HD:-'4'}
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# Dirty synchronous ratio. At this percentage of dirty pages the process which
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# calls write() does its own writeback
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DIRTY_RATIO=${DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'}
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# cpu frequency scaling
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# See Documentation/cpu-freq/user-guide.txt for more info
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DO_CPU=${CPU_MANAGE:-'0'}
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CPU_MAXFREQ=${CPU_MAXFREQ:-'slowest'}
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#
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# Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent. Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
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# exceeded, the kernel will wake pdflush which will then reduce the amount
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# of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio. Set this nice and low, so once
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# some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
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#
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DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'5'}
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# kernel default dirty buffer age
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DEF_AGE=${DEF_AGE:-'30'}
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DEF_UPDATE=${DEF_UPDATE:-'5'}
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DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'10'}
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DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'}
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DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=${DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER:-'15'}
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DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL:-'30'}
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DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL:-'1'}
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# This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
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# on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
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# centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still needs
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# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for external
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# interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't need to
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# change this on 2.6.
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XFS_HZ=${XFS_HZ:-'100'}
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#############################################################################
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KLEVEL="$(uname -r |
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{
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IFS='.' read a b c
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echo $a.$b
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}
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)"
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case "$KLEVEL" in
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"2.4"|"2.6")
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;;
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*)
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echo "Unhandled kernel version: $KLEVEL ('uname -r' = '$(uname -r)')" >&2
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exit 1
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;;
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esac
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if [ ! -e /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then
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echo "Kernel is not patched with laptop_mode patch." >&2
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exit 1
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fi
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if [ ! -w /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then
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echo "You do not have enough privileges to enable laptop_mode." >&2
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exit 1
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fi
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# Remove an option (the first parameter) of the form option=<number> from
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# a mount options string (the rest of the parameters).
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parse_mount_opts () {
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OPT="$1"
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shift
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echo ",$*," | sed \
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-e 's/,'"$OPT"'=[0-9]*,/,/g' \
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-e 's/,,*/,/g' \
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-e 's/^,//' \
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-e 's/,$//'
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}
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# Remove an option (the first parameter) without any arguments from
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# a mount option string (the rest of the parameters).
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parse_nonumber_mount_opts () {
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OPT="$1"
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shift
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echo ",$*," | sed \
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-e 's/,'"$OPT"',/,/g' \
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-e 's/,,*/,/g' \
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-e 's/^,//' \
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-e 's/,$//'
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}
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# Find out the state of a yes/no option (e.g. "atime"/"noatime") in
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# fstab for a given filesystem, and use this state to replace the
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# value of the option in another mount options string. The device
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# is the first argument, the option name the second, and the default
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# value the third. The remainder is the mount options string.
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#
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# Example:
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# parse_yesno_opts_wfstab /dev/hda1 atime atime defaults,noatime
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#
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# If fstab contains, say, "rw" for this filesystem, then the result
|
|
# will be "defaults,atime".
|
|
parse_yesno_opts_wfstab () {
|
|
L_DEV="$1"
|
|
OPT="$2"
|
|
DEF_OPT="$3"
|
|
shift 3
|
|
L_OPTS="$*"
|
|
PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)"
|
|
PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts no$OPT $PARSEDOPTS1)"
|
|
# Watch for a default atime in fstab
|
|
FSTAB_OPTS="$(awk '$1 == "'$L_DEV'" { print $4 }' /etc/fstab)"
|
|
if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT" > /dev/null ; then
|
|
# option specified in fstab: extract the value and use it
|
|
if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "no$OPT" > /dev/null ; then
|
|
echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,no$OPT"
|
|
else
|
|
# no$OPT not found -- so we must have $OPT.
|
|
echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT"
|
|
fi
|
|
else
|
|
# option not specified in fstab -- choose the default.
|
|
echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$DEF_OPT"
|
|
fi
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# Find out the state of a numbered option (e.g. "commit=NNN") in
|
|
# fstab for a given filesystem, and use this state to replace the
|
|
# value of the option in another mount options string. The device
|
|
# is the first argument, and the option name the second. The
|
|
# remainder is the mount options string in which the replacement
|
|
# must be done.
|
|
#
|
|
# Example:
|
|
# parse_mount_opts_wfstab /dev/hda1 commit defaults,commit=7
|
|
#
|
|
# If fstab contains, say, "commit=3,rw" for this filesystem, then the
|
|
# result will be "rw,commit=3".
|
|
parse_mount_opts_wfstab () {
|
|
L_DEV="$1"
|
|
OPT="$2"
|
|
shift 2
|
|
L_OPTS="$*"
|
|
PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)"
|
|
# Watch for a default commit in fstab
|
|
FSTAB_OPTS="$(awk '$1 == "'$L_DEV'" { print $4 }' /etc/fstab)"
|
|
if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT=" > /dev/null ; then
|
|
# option specified in fstab: extract the value, and use it
|
|
echo -n "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT="
|
|
echo ",$FSTAB_OPTS," | sed \
|
|
-e 's/.*,'"$OPT"'=//' \
|
|
-e 's/,.*//'
|
|
else
|
|
# option not specified in fstab: set it to 0
|
|
echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT=0"
|
|
fi
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
deduce_fstype () {
|
|
MP="$1"
|
|
# My root filesystem unfortunately has
|
|
# type "unknown" in /etc/mtab. If we encounter
|
|
# "unknown", we try to get the type from fstab.
|
|
cat /etc/fstab |
|
|
grep -v '^#' |
|
|
while read FSTAB_DEV FSTAB_MP FSTAB_FST FSTAB_OPTS FSTAB_DUMP FSTAB_DUMP ; do
|
|
if [ "$FSTAB_MP" = "$MP" ]; then
|
|
echo $FSTAB_FST
|
|
exit 0
|
|
fi
|
|
done
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if [ $DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME -eq 1 ] ; then
|
|
NOATIME_OPT=",noatime"
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
case "$1" in
|
|
start)
|
|
AGE=$((100*$MAX_AGE))
|
|
XFS_AGE=$(($XFS_HZ*$MAX_AGE))
|
|
echo -n "Starting laptop_mode"
|
|
|
|
if [ -d /proc/sys/vm/pagebuf ] ; then
|
|
# (For 2.4 and early 2.6.)
|
|
# This only needs to be set, not reset -- it is only used when
|
|
# laptop mode is enabled.
|
|
echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/vm/pagebuf/lm_flush_age
|
|
echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_sync_interval
|
|
elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer ] ; then
|
|
# (A couple of early 2.6 laptop mode patches had these.)
|
|
# The same goes for these.
|
|
echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer
|
|
echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_sync_interval
|
|
elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer ] ; then
|
|
# (2.6.6)
|
|
# But not for these -- they are also used in normal
|
|
# operation.
|
|
echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer
|
|
echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/sync_interval
|
|
elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs ] ; then
|
|
# (2.6.7 upwards)
|
|
# And not for these either. These are in centisecs,
|
|
# not USER_HZ, so we have to use $AGE, not $XFS_AGE.
|
|
echo $AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs
|
|
echo $AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs
|
|
echo 3000 > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfsbufd_centisecs
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
case "$KLEVEL" in
|
|
"2.4")
|
|
echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
|
|
echo "30 500 0 0 $AGE $AGE 60 20 0" > /proc/sys/vm/bdflush
|
|
;;
|
|
"2.6")
|
|
echo 5 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
|
|
echo "$AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
|
|
echo "$AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs
|
|
echo "$DIRTY_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio
|
|
echo "$DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|
|
if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ]; then
|
|
cat /etc/mtab | while read DEV MP FST OPTS DUMP PASS ; do
|
|
PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts "$OPTS")"
|
|
if [ "$FST" = 'unknown' ]; then
|
|
FST=$(deduce_fstype $MP)
|
|
fi
|
|
case "$FST" in
|
|
"ext3"|"reiserfs")
|
|
PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts commit "$OPTS")"
|
|
mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS,commit=$MAX_AGE$NOATIME_OPT
|
|
;;
|
|
"xfs")
|
|
mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$OPTS$NOATIME_OPT
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|
|
if [ -b $DEV ] ; then
|
|
blockdev --setra $(($READAHEAD * 2)) $DEV
|
|
fi
|
|
done
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ $DO_HD -eq 1 ] ; then
|
|
for THISHD in $HD ; do
|
|
/sbin/hdparm -S $BATT_HD $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
|
|
/sbin/hdparm -B 1 $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
|
|
done
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ $DO_CPU -eq 1 -a -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq ]; then
|
|
if [ $CPU_MAXFREQ = 'slowest' ]; then
|
|
CPU_MAXFREQ=`cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq`
|
|
fi
|
|
echo $CPU_MAXFREQ > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
|
|
fi
|
|
echo "."
|
|
;;
|
|
stop)
|
|
U_AGE=$((100*$DEF_UPDATE))
|
|
B_AGE=$((100*$DEF_AGE))
|
|
echo -n "Stopping laptop_mode"
|
|
echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
|
|
if [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer -a ! -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer ] ; then
|
|
# These need to be restored, if there are no lm_*.
|
|
echo $(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer
|
|
echo $(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/sync_interval
|
|
elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs ] ; then
|
|
# These need to be restored as well.
|
|
echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs
|
|
echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs
|
|
echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfsbufd_centisecs
|
|
fi
|
|
case "$KLEVEL" in
|
|
"2.4")
|
|
echo "30 500 0 0 $U_AGE $B_AGE 60 20 0" > /proc/sys/vm/bdflush
|
|
;;
|
|
"2.6")
|
|
echo "$U_AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
|
|
echo "$B_AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs
|
|
echo "$DEF_DIRTY_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio
|
|
echo "$DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|
|
if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ] ; then
|
|
cat /etc/mtab | while read DEV MP FST OPTS DUMP PASS ; do
|
|
# Reset commit and atime options to defaults.
|
|
if [ "$FST" = 'unknown' ]; then
|
|
FST=$(deduce_fstype $MP)
|
|
fi
|
|
case "$FST" in
|
|
"ext3"|"reiserfs")
|
|
PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts_wfstab $DEV commit $OPTS)"
|
|
PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_yesno_opts_wfstab $DEV atime atime $PARSEDOPTS)"
|
|
mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS
|
|
;;
|
|
"xfs")
|
|
PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_yesno_opts_wfstab $DEV atime atime $OPTS)"
|
|
mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|
|
if [ -b $DEV ] ; then
|
|
blockdev --setra 256 $DEV
|
|
fi
|
|
done
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ $DO_HD -eq 1 ] ; then
|
|
for THISHD in $HD ; do
|
|
/sbin/hdparm -S $AC_HD $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
|
|
/sbin/hdparm -B 255 $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
|
|
done
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ $DO_CPU -eq 1 -a -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq ]; then
|
|
echo `cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_max_freq` > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
|
|
fi
|
|
echo "."
|
|
;;
|
|
*)
|
|
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}" 2>&1
|
|
exit 1
|
|
;;
|
|
|
|
esac
|
|
|
|
exit 0
|
|
--------------------CONTROL SCRIPT END------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACPI integration
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
Dax Kelson submitted this so that the ACPI acpid daemon will
|
|
kick off the laptop_mode script and run hdparm. The part that
|
|
automatically disables laptop mode when the battery is low was
|
|
written by Jan Topinski.
|
|
|
|
-----------------/etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter BEGIN------------------------------
|
|
event=ac_adapter
|
|
action=/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh %e
|
|
----------------/etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter END---------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
-----------------/etc/acpi/events/battery BEGIN---------------------------------
|
|
event=battery.*
|
|
action=/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh %e
|
|
----------------/etc/acpi/events/battery END------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
----------------/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh BEGIN-----------------------------------
|
|
#!/bin/bash
|
|
|
|
# ac on/offline event handler
|
|
|
|
status=`awk '/^state: / { print $2 }' /proc/acpi/ac_adapter/$2/state`
|
|
|
|
case $status in
|
|
"on-line")
|
|
/sbin/laptop_mode stop
|
|
exit 0
|
|
;;
|
|
"off-line")
|
|
/sbin/laptop_mode start
|
|
exit 0
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|
|
---------------------------/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh END--------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
---------------------------/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh BEGIN-------------------
|
|
#! /bin/bash
|
|
|
|
# Automatically disable laptop mode when the battery almost runs out.
|
|
|
|
BATT_INFO=/proc/acpi/battery/$2/state
|
|
|
|
if [[ -f /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ]]
|
|
then
|
|
LM=`cat /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode`
|
|
if [[ $LM -gt 0 ]]
|
|
then
|
|
if [[ -f $BATT_INFO ]]
|
|
then
|
|
# Source the config file only now that we know we need
|
|
if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then
|
|
# Debian
|
|
. /etc/default/laptop-mode
|
|
elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then
|
|
# Others
|
|
. /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode
|
|
fi
|
|
MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=${MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES:-'10'}
|
|
|
|
ACTION="`cat $BATT_INFO | grep charging | cut -c 26-`"
|
|
if [[ ACTION -eq "discharging" ]]
|
|
then
|
|
PRESENT_RATE=`cat $BATT_INFO | grep "present rate:" | sed "s/.* \([0-9][0-9]* \).*/\1/" `
|
|
REMAINING=`cat $BATT_INFO | grep "remaining capacity:" | sed "s/.* \([0-9][0-9]* \).*/\1/" `
|
|
fi
|
|
if (($REMAINING * 60 / $PRESENT_RATE < $MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES))
|
|
then
|
|
/sbin/laptop_mode stop
|
|
fi
|
|
else
|
|
logger -p daemon.warning "You are using laptop mode and your battery interface $BATT_INFO is missing. This may lead to loss of data when the battery runs out. Check kernel ACPI support and /proc/acpi/battery folder, and edit /etc/acpi/battery.sh to set BATT_INFO to the correct path."
|
|
fi
|
|
fi
|
|
fi
|
|
---------------------------/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh END--------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
Monitoring tool
|
|
---------------
|
|
|
|
Bartek Kania submitted this, it can be used to measure how much time your disk
|
|
spends spun up/down.
|
|
|
|
---------------------------dslm.c BEGIN-----------------------------------------
|
|
/*
|
|
* Simple Disk Sleep Monitor
|
|
* by Bartek Kania
|
|
* Licenced under the GPL
|
|
*/
|
|
#include <unistd.h>
|
|
#include <stdlib.h>
|
|
#include <stdio.h>
|
|
#include <fcntl.h>
|
|
#include <errno.h>
|
|
#include <time.h>
|
|
#include <string.h>
|
|
#include <signal.h>
|
|
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
|
|
#include <linux/hdreg.h>
|
|
|
|
#ifdef DEBUG
|
|
#define D(x) x
|
|
#else
|
|
#define D(x)
|
|
#endif
|
|
|
|
int endit = 0;
|
|
|
|
/* Check if the disk is in powersave-mode
|
|
* Most of the code is stolen from hdparm.
|
|
* 1 = active, 0 = standby/sleep, -1 = unknown */
|
|
int check_powermode(int fd)
|
|
{
|
|
unsigned char args[4] = {WIN_CHECKPOWERMODE1,0,0,0};
|
|
int state;
|
|
|
|
if (ioctl(fd, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD, &args)
|
|
&& (args[0] = WIN_CHECKPOWERMODE2) /* try again with 0x98 */
|
|
&& ioctl(fd, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD, &args)) {
|
|
if (errno != EIO || args[0] != 0 || args[1] != 0) {
|
|
state = -1; /* "unknown"; */
|
|
} else
|
|
state = 0; /* "sleeping"; */
|
|
} else {
|
|
state = (args[2] == 255) ? 1 : 0;
|
|
}
|
|
D(printf(" drive state is: %d\n", state));
|
|
|
|
return state;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
char *state_name(int i)
|
|
{
|
|
if (i == -1) return "unknown";
|
|
if (i == 0) return "sleeping";
|
|
if (i == 1) return "active";
|
|
|
|
return "internal error";
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
char *myctime(time_t time)
|
|
{
|
|
char *ts = ctime(&time);
|
|
ts[strlen(ts) - 1] = 0;
|
|
|
|
return ts;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void measure(int fd)
|
|
{
|
|
time_t start_time;
|
|
int last_state;
|
|
time_t last_time;
|
|
int curr_state;
|
|
time_t curr_time = 0;
|
|
time_t time_diff;
|
|
time_t active_time = 0;
|
|
time_t sleep_time = 0;
|
|
time_t unknown_time = 0;
|
|
time_t total_time = 0;
|
|
int changes = 0;
|
|
float tmp;
|
|
|
|
printf("Starting measurements\n");
|
|
|
|
last_state = check_powermode(fd);
|
|
start_time = last_time = time(0);
|
|
printf(" System is in state %s\n\n", state_name(last_state));
|
|
|
|
while(!endit) {
|
|
sleep(1);
|
|
curr_state = check_powermode(fd);
|
|
|
|
if (curr_state != last_state || endit) {
|
|
changes++;
|
|
curr_time = time(0);
|
|
time_diff = curr_time - last_time;
|
|
|
|
if (last_state == 1) active_time += time_diff;
|
|
else if (last_state == 0) sleep_time += time_diff;
|
|
else unknown_time += time_diff;
|
|
|
|
last_state = curr_state;
|
|
last_time = curr_time;
|
|
|
|
printf("%s: State-change to %s\n", myctime(curr_time),
|
|
state_name(curr_state));
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
changes--; /* Compensate for SIGINT */
|
|
|
|
total_time = time(0) - start_time;
|
|
printf("\nTotal running time: %lus\n", curr_time - start_time);
|
|
printf(" State changed %d times\n", changes);
|
|
|
|
tmp = (float)sleep_time / (float)total_time * 100;
|
|
printf(" Time in sleep state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", sleep_time, tmp);
|
|
tmp = (float)active_time / (float)total_time * 100;
|
|
printf(" Time in active state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", active_time, tmp);
|
|
tmp = (float)unknown_time / (float)total_time * 100;
|
|
printf(" Time in unknown state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", unknown_time, tmp);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void ender(int s)
|
|
{
|
|
endit = 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void usage()
|
|
{
|
|
puts("usage: dslm [-w <time>] <disk>");
|
|
exit(0);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int main(int argc, char **argv)
|
|
{
|
|
int fd;
|
|
char *disk = 0;
|
|
int settle_time = 60;
|
|
|
|
/* Parse the simple command-line */
|
|
if (argc == 2)
|
|
disk = argv[1];
|
|
else if (argc == 4) {
|
|
settle_time = atoi(argv[2]);
|
|
disk = argv[3];
|
|
} else
|
|
usage();
|
|
|
|
if (!(fd = open(disk, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK))) {
|
|
printf("Can't open %s, because: %s\n", disk, strerror(errno));
|
|
exit(-1);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (settle_time) {
|
|
printf("Waiting %d seconds for the system to settle down to "
|
|
"'normal'\n", settle_time);
|
|
sleep(settle_time);
|
|
} else
|
|
puts("Not waiting for system to settle down");
|
|
|
|
signal(SIGINT, ender);
|
|
|
|
measure(fd);
|
|
|
|
close(fd);
|
|
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
---------------------------dslm.c END-------------------------------------------
|