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Johannes Weiner 1431d4d11a mm: base LRU balancing on an explicit cost model
Currently, scan pressure between the anon and file LRU lists is balanced
based on a mixture of reclaim efficiency and a somewhat vague notion of
"value" of having certain pages in memory over others.  That concept of
value is problematic, because it has caused us to count any event that
remotely makes one LRU list more or less preferrable for reclaim, even
when these events are not directly comparable and impose very different
costs on the system.  One example is referenced file pages that we still
deactivate and referenced anonymous pages that we actually rotate back to
the head of the list.

There is also conceptual overlap with the LRU algorithm itself.  By
rotating recently used pages instead of reclaiming them, the algorithm
already biases the applied scan pressure based on page value.  Thus, when
rebalancing scan pressure due to rotations, we should think of reclaim
cost, and leave assessing the page value to the LRU algorithm.

Lastly, considering both value-increasing as well as value-decreasing
events can sometimes cause the same type of event to be counted twice,
i.e.  how rotating a page increases the LRU value, while reclaiming it
succesfully decreases the value.  In itself this will balance out fine,
but it quietly skews the impact of events that are only recorded once.

The abstract metric of "value", the murky relationship with the LRU
algorithm, and accounting both negative and positive events make the
current pressure balancing model hard to reason about and modify.

This patch switches to a balancing model of accounting the concrete,
actually observed cost of reclaiming one LRU over another.  For now, that
cost includes pages that are scanned but rotated back to the list head.
Subsequent patches will add consideration for IO caused by refaulting of
recently evicted pages.

Replace struct zone_reclaim_stat with two cost counters in the lruvec, and
make everything that affects cost go through a new lru_note_cost()
function.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200520232525.798933-9-hannes@cmpxchg.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2020-06-03 20:09:48 -07:00
arch mm/hugetlb: define a generic fallback for arch_clear_hugepage_flags() 2020-06-03 20:09:46 -07:00
block for-5.8/drivers-2020-06-01 2020-06-02 15:37:03 -07:00
certs .gitignore: add SPDX License Identifier 2020-03-25 11:50:48 +01:00
crypto crypto: engine - do not requeue in case of fatal error 2020-05-28 17:27:52 +10:00
Documentation mm: allow swappiness that prefers reclaiming anon over the file workingset 2020-06-03 20:09:48 -07:00
drivers drm/i915: convert get_user_pages() --> pin_user_pages() 2020-06-03 20:09:42 -07:00
fs mm: fold and remove lru_cache_add_anon() and lru_cache_add_file() 2020-06-03 20:09:48 -07:00
include mm: base LRU balancing on an explicit cost model 2020-06-03 20:09:48 -07:00
init mm: memcontrol: make swap tracking an integral part of memory control 2020-06-03 20:09:48 -07:00
ipc ipc/util.c: sysvipc_find_ipc() incorrectly updates position index 2020-05-14 10:00:35 -07:00
kernel mm: allow swappiness that prefers reclaiming anon over the file workingset 2020-06-03 20:09:48 -07:00
lib kasan: stop tests being eliminated as dead code with FORTIFY_SOURCE 2020-06-03 20:09:42 -07:00
LICENSES LICENSES: Rename other to deprecated 2019-05-03 06:34:32 -06:00
mm mm: base LRU balancing on an explicit cost model 2020-06-03 20:09:48 -07:00
net audit/stable-5.8 PR 20200601 2020-06-02 17:13:37 -07:00
samples Merge branch 'from-miklos' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs 2020-06-01 16:44:06 -07:00
scripts A fair amount of stuff this time around, dominated by yet another massive 2020-06-01 15:45:27 -07:00
security Merge branch 'next-general' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security 2020-06-02 17:36:24 -07:00
sound Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew) 2020-06-02 12:21:36 -07:00
tools khugepaged: introduce 'max_ptes_shared' tunable 2020-06-03 20:09:46 -07:00
usr kbuild: fix comment about missing include guard detection 2020-04-11 12:09:48 +09:00
virt A fair amount of stuff this time around, dominated by yet another massive 2020-06-01 15:45:27 -07:00
.clang-format block: add bio_for_each_bvec_all() 2020-05-25 11:25:24 +02:00
.cocciconfig scripts: add Linux .cocciconfig for coccinelle 2016-07-22 12:13:39 +02:00
.get_maintainer.ignore Opt out of scripts/get_maintainer.pl 2019-05-16 10:53:40 -07:00
.gitattributes .gitattributes: use 'dts' diff driver for dts files 2019-12-04 19:44:11 -08:00
.gitignore .gitignore: add SPDX License Identifier 2020-03-25 11:50:48 +01:00
.mailmap A fair amount of stuff this time around, dominated by yet another massive 2020-06-01 15:45:27 -07:00
COPYING COPYING: state that all contributions really are covered by this file 2020-02-10 13:32:20 -08:00
CREDITS mailmap: change email for Ricardo Ribalda 2020-05-25 18:59:59 -06:00
Kbuild kbuild: rename hostprogs-y/always to hostprogs/always-y 2020-02-04 01:53:07 +09:00
Kconfig docs: kbuild: convert docs to ReST and rename to *.rst 2019-06-14 14:21:21 -06:00
MAINTAINERS for-5.8/drivers-2020-06-01 2020-06-02 15:37:03 -07:00
Makefile arm64 updates for 5.8 2020-06-01 15:18:27 -07:00
README Drop all 00-INDEX files from Documentation/ 2018-09-09 15:08:58 -06:00

Linux kernel
============

There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.

In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``.  The formatted documentation can also be read online at:

    https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/

There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.

Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.