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linux-next/net/core/utils.c
Hannes Frederic Sowa a48e42920f net: introduce new macro net_get_random_once 
net_get_random_once is a new macro which handles the initialization
of secret keys. It is possible to call it in the fast path. Only the
initialization depends on the spinlock and is rather slow. Otherwise
it should get used just before the key is used to delay the entropy
extration as late as possible to get better randomness. It returns true
if the key got initialized.

The usage of static_keys for net_get_random_once is a bit uncommon so
it needs some further explanation why this actually works:

=== In the simple non-HAVE_JUMP_LABEL case we actually have ===
no constrains to use static_key_(true|false) on keys initialized with
STATIC_KEY_INIT_(FALSE|TRUE). So this path just expands in favor of
the likely case that the initialization is already done. The key is
initialized like this:

___done_key = { .enabled = ATOMIC_INIT(0) }

The check

                if (!static_key_true(&___done_key))                     \

expands into (pseudo code)

                if (!likely(___done_key > 0))

, so we take the fast path as soon as ___done_key is increased from the
helper function.

=== If HAVE_JUMP_LABELs are available this depends ===
on patching of jumps into the prepared NOPs, which is done in
jump_label_init at boot-up time (from start_kernel). It is forbidden
and dangerous to use net_get_random_once in functions which are called
before that!

At compilation time NOPs are generated at the call sites of
net_get_random_once. E.g. net/ipv6/inet6_hashtable.c:inet6_ehashfn (we
need to call net_get_random_once two times in inet6_ehashfn, so two NOPs):

      71:       0f 1f 44 00 00          nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
      76:       0f 1f 44 00 00          nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)

Both will be patched to the actual jumps to the end of the function to
call __net_get_random_once at boot time as explained above.

arch_static_branch is optimized and inlined for false as return value and
actually also returns false in case the NOP is placed in the instruction
stream. So in the fast case we get a "return false". But because we
initialize ___done_key with (enabled != (entries & 1)) this call-site
will get patched up at boot thus returning true. The final check looks
like this:

                if (!static_key_true(&___done_key))                     \
                        ___ret = __net_get_random_once(buf,             \

expands to

                if (!!static_key_false(&___done_key))                     \
                        ___ret = __net_get_random_once(buf,             \

So we get true at boot time and as soon as static_key_slow_inc is called
on the key it will invert the logic and return false for the fast path.
static_key_slow_inc will change the branch because it got initialized
with .enabled == 0. After static_key_slow_inc is called on the key the
branch is replaced with a nop again.

=== Misc: ===
The helper defers the increment into a workqueue so we don't
have problems calling this code from atomic sections. A seperate boolean
(___done) guards the case where we enter net_get_random_once again before
the increment happend.

Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2013-10-19 19:45:35 -04:00

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/*
* Generic address resultion entity
*
* Authors:
* net_random Alan Cox
* net_ratelimit Andi Kleen
* in{4,6}_pton YOSHIFUJI Hideaki, Copyright (C)2006 USAGI/WIDE Project
*
* Created by Alexey Kuznetsov <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
* as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
* 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*/
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/jiffies.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/inet.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/net.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
#include <net/sock.h>
#include <net/net_ratelimit.h>
#include <asm/byteorder.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
int net_msg_warn __read_mostly = 1;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(net_msg_warn);
DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(net_ratelimit_state, 5 * HZ, 10);
/*
* All net warning printk()s should be guarded by this function.
*/
int net_ratelimit(void)
{
return __ratelimit(&net_ratelimit_state);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(net_ratelimit);
/*
* Convert an ASCII string to binary IP.
* This is outside of net/ipv4/ because various code that uses IP addresses
* is otherwise not dependent on the TCP/IP stack.
*/
__be32 in_aton(const char *str)
{
unsigned long l;
unsigned int val;
int i;
l = 0;
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
l <<= 8;
if (*str != '\0') {
val = 0;
while (*str != '\0' && *str != '.' && *str != '\n') {
val *= 10;
val += *str - '0';
str++;
}
l |= val;
if (*str != '\0')
str++;
}
}
return htonl(l);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(in_aton);
#define IN6PTON_XDIGIT 0x00010000
#define IN6PTON_DIGIT 0x00020000
#define IN6PTON_COLON_MASK 0x00700000
#define IN6PTON_COLON_1 0x00100000 /* single : requested */
#define IN6PTON_COLON_2 0x00200000 /* second : requested */
#define IN6PTON_COLON_1_2 0x00400000 /* :: requested */
#define IN6PTON_DOT 0x00800000 /* . */
#define IN6PTON_DELIM 0x10000000
#define IN6PTON_NULL 0x20000000 /* first/tail */
#define IN6PTON_UNKNOWN 0x40000000
static inline int xdigit2bin(char c, int delim)
{
int val;
if (c == delim || c == '\0')
return IN6PTON_DELIM;
if (c == ':')
return IN6PTON_COLON_MASK;
if (c == '.')
return IN6PTON_DOT;
val = hex_to_bin(c);
if (val >= 0)
return val | IN6PTON_XDIGIT | (val < 10 ? IN6PTON_DIGIT : 0);
if (delim == -1)
return IN6PTON_DELIM;
return IN6PTON_UNKNOWN;
}
/**
* in4_pton - convert an IPv4 address from literal to binary representation
* @src: the start of the IPv4 address string
* @srclen: the length of the string, -1 means strlen(src)
* @dst: the binary (u8[4] array) representation of the IPv4 address
* @delim: the delimiter of the IPv4 address in @src, -1 means no delimiter
* @end: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
*
* Return one on success, return zero when any error occurs
* and @end will point to the end of the parsed string.
*
*/
int in4_pton(const char *src, int srclen,
u8 *dst,
int delim, const char **end)
{
const char *s;
u8 *d;
u8 dbuf[4];
int ret = 0;
int i;
int w = 0;
if (srclen < 0)
srclen = strlen(src);
s = src;
d = dbuf;
i = 0;
while(1) {
int c;
c = xdigit2bin(srclen > 0 ? *s : '\0', delim);
if (!(c & (IN6PTON_DIGIT | IN6PTON_DOT | IN6PTON_DELIM | IN6PTON_COLON_MASK))) {
goto out;
}
if (c & (IN6PTON_DOT | IN6PTON_DELIM | IN6PTON_COLON_MASK)) {
if (w == 0)
goto out;
*d++ = w & 0xff;
w = 0;
i++;
if (c & (IN6PTON_DELIM | IN6PTON_COLON_MASK)) {
if (i != 4)
goto out;
break;
}
goto cont;
}
w = (w * 10) + c;
if ((w & 0xffff) > 255) {
goto out;
}
cont:
if (i >= 4)
goto out;
s++;
srclen--;
}
ret = 1;
memcpy(dst, dbuf, sizeof(dbuf));
out:
if (end)
*end = s;
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(in4_pton);
/**
* in6_pton - convert an IPv6 address from literal to binary representation
* @src: the start of the IPv6 address string
* @srclen: the length of the string, -1 means strlen(src)
* @dst: the binary (u8[16] array) representation of the IPv6 address
* @delim: the delimiter of the IPv6 address in @src, -1 means no delimiter
* @end: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
*
* Return one on success, return zero when any error occurs
* and @end will point to the end of the parsed string.
*
*/
int in6_pton(const char *src, int srclen,
u8 *dst,
int delim, const char **end)
{
const char *s, *tok = NULL;
u8 *d, *dc = NULL;
u8 dbuf[16];
int ret = 0;
int i;
int state = IN6PTON_COLON_1_2 | IN6PTON_XDIGIT | IN6PTON_NULL;
int w = 0;
memset(dbuf, 0, sizeof(dbuf));
s = src;
d = dbuf;
if (srclen < 0)
srclen = strlen(src);
while (1) {
int c;
c = xdigit2bin(srclen > 0 ? *s : '\0', delim);
if (!(c & state))
goto out;
if (c & (IN6PTON_DELIM | IN6PTON_COLON_MASK)) {
/* process one 16-bit word */
if (!(state & IN6PTON_NULL)) {
*d++ = (w >> 8) & 0xff;
*d++ = w & 0xff;
}
w = 0;
if (c & IN6PTON_DELIM) {
/* We've processed last word */
break;
}
/*
* COLON_1 => XDIGIT
* COLON_2 => XDIGIT|DELIM
* COLON_1_2 => COLON_2
*/
switch (state & IN6PTON_COLON_MASK) {
case IN6PTON_COLON_2:
dc = d;
state = IN6PTON_XDIGIT | IN6PTON_DELIM;
if (dc - dbuf >= sizeof(dbuf))
state |= IN6PTON_NULL;
break;
case IN6PTON_COLON_1|IN6PTON_COLON_1_2:
state = IN6PTON_XDIGIT | IN6PTON_COLON_2;
break;
case IN6PTON_COLON_1:
state = IN6PTON_XDIGIT;
break;
case IN6PTON_COLON_1_2:
state = IN6PTON_COLON_2;
break;
default:
state = 0;
}
tok = s + 1;
goto cont;
}
if (c & IN6PTON_DOT) {
ret = in4_pton(tok ? tok : s, srclen + (int)(s - tok), d, delim, &s);
if (ret > 0) {
d += 4;
break;
}
goto out;
}
w = (w << 4) | (0xff & c);
state = IN6PTON_COLON_1 | IN6PTON_DELIM;
if (!(w & 0xf000)) {
state |= IN6PTON_XDIGIT;
}
if (!dc && d + 2 < dbuf + sizeof(dbuf)) {
state |= IN6PTON_COLON_1_2;
state &= ~IN6PTON_DELIM;
}
if (d + 2 >= dbuf + sizeof(dbuf)) {
state &= ~(IN6PTON_COLON_1|IN6PTON_COLON_1_2);
}
cont:
if ((dc && d + 4 < dbuf + sizeof(dbuf)) ||
d + 4 == dbuf + sizeof(dbuf)) {
state |= IN6PTON_DOT;
}
if (d >= dbuf + sizeof(dbuf)) {
state &= ~(IN6PTON_XDIGIT|IN6PTON_COLON_MASK);
}
s++;
srclen--;
}
i = 15; d--;
if (dc) {
while(d >= dc)
dst[i--] = *d--;
while(i >= dc - dbuf)
dst[i--] = 0;
while(i >= 0)
dst[i--] = *d--;
} else
memcpy(dst, dbuf, sizeof(dbuf));
ret = 1;
out:
if (end)
*end = s;
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(in6_pton);
void inet_proto_csum_replace4(__sum16 *sum, struct sk_buff *skb,
__be32 from, __be32 to, int pseudohdr)
{
__be32 diff[] = { ~from, to };
if (skb->ip_summed != CHECKSUM_PARTIAL) {
*sum = csum_fold(csum_partial(diff, sizeof(diff),
~csum_unfold(*sum)));
if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_COMPLETE && pseudohdr)
skb->csum = ~csum_partial(diff, sizeof(diff),
~skb->csum);
} else if (pseudohdr)
*sum = ~csum_fold(csum_partial(diff, sizeof(diff),
csum_unfold(*sum)));
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(inet_proto_csum_replace4);
void inet_proto_csum_replace16(__sum16 *sum, struct sk_buff *skb,
const __be32 *from, const __be32 *to,
int pseudohdr)
{
__be32 diff[] = {
~from[0], ~from[1], ~from[2], ~from[3],
to[0], to[1], to[2], to[3],
};
if (skb->ip_summed != CHECKSUM_PARTIAL) {
*sum = csum_fold(csum_partial(diff, sizeof(diff),
~csum_unfold(*sum)));
if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_COMPLETE && pseudohdr)
skb->csum = ~csum_partial(diff, sizeof(diff),
~skb->csum);
} else if (pseudohdr)
*sum = ~csum_fold(csum_partial(diff, sizeof(diff),
csum_unfold(*sum)));
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(inet_proto_csum_replace16);
struct __net_random_once_work {
struct work_struct work;
struct static_key *key;
};
static void __net_random_once_deferred(struct work_struct *w)
{
struct __net_random_once_work *work =
container_of(w, struct __net_random_once_work, work);
if (!static_key_enabled(work->key))
static_key_slow_inc(work->key);
kfree(work);
}
static void __net_random_once_disable_jump(struct static_key *key)
{
struct __net_random_once_work *w;
w = kmalloc(sizeof(*w), GFP_ATOMIC);
if (!w)
return;
INIT_WORK(&w->work, __net_random_once_deferred);
w->key = key;
schedule_work(&w->work);
}
bool __net_get_random_once(void *buf, int nbytes, bool *done,
struct static_key *done_key)
{
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(lock);
spin_lock_bh(&lock);
if (*done) {
spin_unlock_bh(&lock);
return false;
}
get_random_bytes(buf, nbytes);
*done = true;
spin_unlock_bh(&lock);
__net_random_once_disable_jump(done_key);
return true;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__net_get_random_once);
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