With the new statx() syscall, the following both allow the attributes of
the file attached to a file descriptor to be retrieved:
statx(dfd, NULL, 0, ...);
and:
statx(dfd, "", AT_EMPTY_PATH, ...);
Change the code to reject the first option, though this means copying
the path and engaging pathwalk for the fstat() equivalent. dfd can be a
non-directory provided path is "".
[ The timing of this isn't wonderful, but applying this now before we
have statx() in any released kernel, before anybody starts using the
NULL special case. - Linus ]
Fixes: a528d35e8b ("statx: Add a system call to make enhanced file info available")
Reported-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@sandeen.net>
cc: fstests@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-api@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-man@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Include a mask in struct stat to indicate which bits of stx_attributes the
filesystem actually supports.
This would also be useful if we add another system call that allows you to
do a 'bulk attribute set' and pass in a statx struct with the masks
appropriately set to say what you want to set.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Reserve the top bit of the mask for future expansion of the statx struct
and give an error if statx() sees it set. All the other bits are ignored
if we see them set but don't support the bit; we just clear the bit in the
returned mask.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
I found that statx() was significantly slower than stat(). As a
microbenchmark, I compared 10,000,000 invocations of fstat() on a tmpfs
file to the same with statx() passed a NULL path:
$ time ./stat_benchmark
real 0m1.464s
user 0m0.275s
sys 0m1.187s
$ time ./statx_benchmark
real 0m5.530s
user 0m0.281s
sys 0m5.247s
statx is expected to be a little slower than stat because struct statx
is larger than struct stat, but not by *that* much. It turns out that
most of the overhead was in copying struct statx to userspace, mostly in
all the stac/clac instructions that got generated for each __put_user()
call. (This was on x86_64, but some other architectures, e.g. arm64,
have something similar now too.)
stat() instead initializes its struct on the stack and copies it to
userspace with a single call to copy_to_user(). This turns out to be
much faster, and changing statx to do this makes it almost as fast as
stat:
$ time ./statx_benchmark
real 0m1.624s
user 0m0.270s
sys 0m1.354s
For zeroing the reserved fields, start by zeroing the full struct with
memset. This makes it clear that every byte copied to userspace is
initialized, even implicit padding bytes (though there are none
currently). In the scenarios I tested, it also performed the same as a
designated initializer. Manually initializing each field was still
slightly faster, but would have been more error-prone and less
verifiable.
Also rename statx_set_result() to cp_statx() for consistency with
cp_old_stat() et al., and make it noinline so that struct statx doesn't
add to the stack usage during the main portion of the syscall execution.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
request_mask and query_flags are function arguments, not passed in
struct kstat. So remove the part of the comment which claims otherwise.
This was apparently left over from an earlier version of the statx
patch.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
The statx() system call currently accepts unknown flags when called with
a NULL path to operate on a file descriptor. Left unchanged, this could
make it hard to introduce new query flags in the future, since
applications may not be able to tell whether a given flag is supported.
Fix this by failing the system call with EINVAL if any flags other than
KSTAT_QUERY_FLAGS are specified in combination with a NULL path.
Arguably, we could still permit known lookup-related flags such as
AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW. However, that would be inconsistent with how
sys_utimensat() behaves when passed a NULL path, which seems to be the
closest precedent. And given that the NULL path case is (I believe)
mainly intended to be used to implement a wrapper function like fstatx()
that doesn't have a path argument, I think rejecting lookup-related
flags too is probably the best choice.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Pull vfs 'statx()' update from Al Viro.
This adds the new extended stat() interface that internally subsumes our
previous stat interfaces, and allows user mode to specify in more detail
what kind of information it wants.
It also allows for some explicit synchronization information to be
passed to the filesystem, which can be relevant for network filesystems:
is the cached value ok, or do you need open/close consistency, or what?
From David Howells.
Andreas Dilger points out that the first version of the extended statx
interface was posted June 29, 2010:
https://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-fsdevel/msg33831.html
* 'rebased-statx' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
statx: Add a system call to make enhanced file info available
Add a system call to make extended file information available, including
file creation and some attribute flags where available through the
underlying filesystem.
The getattr inode operation is altered to take two additional arguments: a
u32 request_mask and an unsigned int flags that indicate the
synchronisation mode. This change is propagated to the vfs_getattr*()
function.
Functions like vfs_stat() are now inline wrappers around new functions
vfs_statx() and vfs_statx_fd() to reduce stack usage.
========
OVERVIEW
========
The idea was initially proposed as a set of xattrs that could be retrieved
with getxattr(), but the general preference proved to be for a new syscall
with an extended stat structure.
A number of requests were gathered for features to be included. The
following have been included:
(1) Make the fields a consistent size on all arches and make them large.
(2) Spare space, request flags and information flags are provided for
future expansion.
(3) Better support for the y2038 problem [Arnd Bergmann] (tv_sec is an
__s64).
(4) Creation time: The SMB protocol carries the creation time, which could
be exported by Samba, which will in turn help CIFS make use of
FS-Cache as that can be used for coherency data (stx_btime).
This is also specified in NFSv4 as a recommended attribute and could
be exported by NFSD [Steve French].
(5) Lightweight stat: Ask for just those details of interest, and allow a
netfs (such as NFS) to approximate anything not of interest, possibly
without going to the server [Trond Myklebust, Ulrich Drepper, Andreas
Dilger] (AT_STATX_DONT_SYNC).
(6) Heavyweight stat: Force a netfs to go to the server, even if it thinks
its cached attributes are up to date [Trond Myklebust]
(AT_STATX_FORCE_SYNC).
And the following have been left out for future extension:
(7) Data version number: Could be used by userspace NFS servers [Aneesh
Kumar].
Can also be used to modify fill_post_wcc() in NFSD which retrieves
i_version directly, but has just called vfs_getattr(). It could get
it from the kstat struct if it used vfs_xgetattr() instead.
(There's disagreement on the exact semantics of a single field, since
not all filesystems do this the same way).
(8) BSD stat compatibility: Including more fields from the BSD stat such
as creation time (st_btime) and inode generation number (st_gen)
[Jeremy Allison, Bernd Schubert].
(9) Inode generation number: Useful for FUSE and userspace NFS servers
[Bernd Schubert].
(This was asked for but later deemed unnecessary with the
open-by-handle capability available and caused disagreement as to
whether it's a security hole or not).
(10) Extra coherency data may be useful in making backups [Andreas Dilger].
(No particular data were offered, but things like last backup
timestamp, the data version number and the DOS archive bit would come
into this category).
(11) Allow the filesystem to indicate what it can/cannot provide: A
filesystem can now say it doesn't support a standard stat feature if
that isn't available, so if, for instance, inode numbers or UIDs don't
exist or are fabricated locally...
(This requires a separate system call - I have an fsinfo() call idea
for this).
(12) Store a 16-byte volume ID in the superblock that can be returned in
struct xstat [Steve French].
(Deferred to fsinfo).
(13) Include granularity fields in the time data to indicate the
granularity of each of the times (NFSv4 time_delta) [Steve French].
(Deferred to fsinfo).
(14) FS_IOC_GETFLAGS value. These could be translated to BSD's st_flags.
Note that the Linux IOC flags are a mess and filesystems such as Ext4
define flags that aren't in linux/fs.h, so translation in the kernel
may be a necessity (or, possibly, we provide the filesystem type too).
(Some attributes are made available in stx_attributes, but the general
feeling was that the IOC flags were to ext[234]-specific and shouldn't
be exposed through statx this way).
(15) Mask of features available on file (eg: ACLs, seclabel) [Brad Boyer,
Michael Kerrisk].
(Deferred, probably to fsinfo. Finding out if there's an ACL or
seclabal might require extra filesystem operations).
(16) Femtosecond-resolution timestamps [Dave Chinner].
(A __reserved field has been left in the statx_timestamp struct for
this - if there proves to be a need).
(17) A set multiple attributes syscall to go with this.
===============
NEW SYSTEM CALL
===============
The new system call is:
int ret = statx(int dfd,
const char *filename,
unsigned int flags,
unsigned int mask,
struct statx *buffer);
The dfd, filename and flags parameters indicate the file to query, in a
similar way to fstatat(). There is no equivalent of lstat() as that can be
emulated with statx() by passing AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW in flags. There is
also no equivalent of fstat() as that can be emulated by passing a NULL
filename to statx() with the fd of interest in dfd.
Whether or not statx() synchronises the attributes with the backing store
can be controlled by OR'ing a value into the flags argument (this typically
only affects network filesystems):
(1) AT_STATX_SYNC_AS_STAT tells statx() to behave as stat() does in this
respect.
(2) AT_STATX_FORCE_SYNC will require a network filesystem to synchronise
its attributes with the server - which might require data writeback to
occur to get the timestamps correct.
(3) AT_STATX_DONT_SYNC will suppress synchronisation with the server in a
network filesystem. The resulting values should be considered
approximate.
mask is a bitmask indicating the fields in struct statx that are of
interest to the caller. The user should set this to STATX_BASIC_STATS to
get the basic set returned by stat(). It should be noted that asking for
more information may entail extra I/O operations.
buffer points to the destination for the data. This must be 256 bytes in
size.
======================
MAIN ATTRIBUTES RECORD
======================
The following structures are defined in which to return the main attribute
set:
struct statx_timestamp {
__s64 tv_sec;
__s32 tv_nsec;
__s32 __reserved;
};
struct statx {
__u32 stx_mask;
__u32 stx_blksize;
__u64 stx_attributes;
__u32 stx_nlink;
__u32 stx_uid;
__u32 stx_gid;
__u16 stx_mode;
__u16 __spare0[1];
__u64 stx_ino;
__u64 stx_size;
__u64 stx_blocks;
__u64 __spare1[1];
struct statx_timestamp stx_atime;
struct statx_timestamp stx_btime;
struct statx_timestamp stx_ctime;
struct statx_timestamp stx_mtime;
__u32 stx_rdev_major;
__u32 stx_rdev_minor;
__u32 stx_dev_major;
__u32 stx_dev_minor;
__u64 __spare2[14];
};
The defined bits in request_mask and stx_mask are:
STATX_TYPE Want/got stx_mode & S_IFMT
STATX_MODE Want/got stx_mode & ~S_IFMT
STATX_NLINK Want/got stx_nlink
STATX_UID Want/got stx_uid
STATX_GID Want/got stx_gid
STATX_ATIME Want/got stx_atime{,_ns}
STATX_MTIME Want/got stx_mtime{,_ns}
STATX_CTIME Want/got stx_ctime{,_ns}
STATX_INO Want/got stx_ino
STATX_SIZE Want/got stx_size
STATX_BLOCKS Want/got stx_blocks
STATX_BASIC_STATS [The stuff in the normal stat struct]
STATX_BTIME Want/got stx_btime{,_ns}
STATX_ALL [All currently available stuff]
stx_btime is the file creation time, stx_mask is a bitmask indicating the
data provided and __spares*[] are where as-yet undefined fields can be
placed.
Time fields are structures with separate seconds and nanoseconds fields
plus a reserved field in case we want to add even finer resolution. Note
that times will be negative if before 1970; in such a case, the nanosecond
fields will also be negative if not zero.
The bits defined in the stx_attributes field convey information about a
file, how it is accessed, where it is and what it does. The following
attributes map to FS_*_FL flags and are the same numerical value:
STATX_ATTR_COMPRESSED File is compressed by the fs
STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE File is marked immutable
STATX_ATTR_APPEND File is append-only
STATX_ATTR_NODUMP File is not to be dumped
STATX_ATTR_ENCRYPTED File requires key to decrypt in fs
Within the kernel, the supported flags are listed by:
KSTAT_ATTR_FS_IOC_FLAGS
[Are any other IOC flags of sufficient general interest to be exposed
through this interface?]
New flags include:
STATX_ATTR_AUTOMOUNT Object is an automount trigger
These are for the use of GUI tools that might want to mark files specially,
depending on what they are.
Fields in struct statx come in a number of classes:
(0) stx_dev_*, stx_blksize.
These are local system information and are always available.
(1) stx_mode, stx_nlinks, stx_uid, stx_gid, stx_[amc]time, stx_ino,
stx_size, stx_blocks.
These will be returned whether the caller asks for them or not. The
corresponding bits in stx_mask will be set to indicate whether they
actually have valid values.
If the caller didn't ask for them, then they may be approximated. For
example, NFS won't waste any time updating them from the server,
unless as a byproduct of updating something requested.
If the values don't actually exist for the underlying object (such as
UID or GID on a DOS file), then the bit won't be set in the stx_mask,
even if the caller asked for the value. In such a case, the returned
value will be a fabrication.
Note that there are instances where the type might not be valid, for
instance Windows reparse points.
(2) stx_rdev_*.
This will be set only if stx_mode indicates we're looking at a
blockdev or a chardev, otherwise will be 0.
(3) stx_btime.
Similar to (1), except this will be set to 0 if it doesn't exist.
=======
TESTING
=======
The following test program can be used to test the statx system call:
samples/statx/test-statx.c
Just compile and run, passing it paths to the files you want to examine.
The file is built automatically if CONFIG_SAMPLES is enabled.
Here's some example output. Firstly, an NFS directory that crosses to
another FSID. Note that the AUTOMOUNT attribute is set because transiting
this directory will cause d_automount to be invoked by the VFS.
[root@andromeda ~]# /tmp/test-statx -A /warthog/data
statx(/warthog/data) = 0
results=7ff
Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 1048576 directory
Device: 00:26 Inode: 1703937 Links: 125
Access: (3777/drwxrwxrwx) Uid: 0 Gid: 4041
Access: 2016-11-24 09:02:12.219699527+0000
Modify: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Change: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Attributes: 0000000000001000 (-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ---m---- --------)
Secondly, the result of automounting on that directory.
[root@andromeda ~]# /tmp/test-statx /warthog/data
statx(/warthog/data) = 0
results=7ff
Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 1048576 directory
Device: 00:27 Inode: 2 Links: 125
Access: (3777/drwxrwxrwx) Uid: 0 Gid: 4041
Access: 2016-11-24 09:02:12.219699527+0000
Modify: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Change: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Add #include <linux/cred.h> dependencies to all .c files rely on sched.h
doing that for them.
Note that even if the count where we need to add extra headers seems high,
it's still a net win, because <linux/sched.h> is included in over
2,200 files ...
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Replace all 1 << inode->i_blkbits and (1 << inode->i_blkbits) in fs
branch.
This patch also fixes multiple checkpatch warnings: WARNING: Prefer
'unsigned int' to bare use of 'unsigned'
Thanks to Andrew Morton for suggesting more appropriate function instead
of macro.
[geliangtang@gmail.com: truncate: use i_blocksize()]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/9c8b2cd83c8f5653805d43debde9fa8817e02fc4.1484895804.git.geliangtang@gmail.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1481319905-10126-1-git-send-email-fabf@skynet.be
Signed-off-by: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Signed-off-by: Geliang Tang <geliangtang@gmail.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This was entirely automated, using the script by Al:
PATT='^[[:blank:]]*#[[:blank:]]*include[[:blank:]]*<asm/uaccess.h>'
sed -i -e "s!$PATT!#include <linux/uaccess.h>!" \
$(git grep -l "$PATT"|grep -v ^include/linux/uaccess.h)
to do the replacement at the end of the merge window.
Requested-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Also check d_is_symlink() in callers instead of inode->i_op->readlink
because following patches will allow NULL ->readlink for symlinks.
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
New_valid_dev() always returns true, so that's unnecessary to perform
new_valid_dev() checks in some filesystems. Most checks of
new_valid_dev() have been removed so let's drop this last one and then
we can remove new_valid_dev() from the source code.
No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
new_valid_dev() always returns 1, so the !new_valid_dev() check is not
needed. Remove it.
Signed-off-by: Yaowei Bai <bywxiaobai@163.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The filehandle lookup code wants this version of getattr.
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
ext4 needs to convert allocated (metadata) blocks back into blocks
reserved for delayed allocation. Add functions into quota code for
supporting such operation.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Pull vfs update from Al Viro:
- big one - consolidation of descriptor-related logics; almost all of
that is moved to fs/file.c
(BTW, I'm seriously tempted to rename the result to fd.c. As it is,
we have a situation when file_table.c is about handling of struct
file and file.c is about handling of descriptor tables; the reasons
are historical - file_table.c used to be about a static array of
struct file we used to have way back).
A lot of stray ends got cleaned up and converted to saner primitives,
disgusting mess in android/binder.c is still disgusting, but at least
doesn't poke so much in descriptor table guts anymore. A bunch of
relatively minor races got fixed in process, plus an ext4 struct file
leak.
- related thing - fget_light() partially unuglified; see fdget() in
there (and yes, it generates the code as good as we used to have).
- also related - bits of Cyrill's procfs stuff that got entangled into
that work; _not_ all of it, just the initial move to fs/proc/fd.c and
switch of fdinfo to seq_file.
- Alex's fs/coredump.c spiltoff - the same story, had been easier to
take that commit than mess with conflicts. The rest is a separate
pile, this was just a mechanical code movement.
- a few misc patches all over the place. Not all for this cycle,
there'll be more (and quite a few currently sit in akpm's tree)."
Fix up trivial conflicts in the android binder driver, and some fairly
simple conflicts due to two different changes to the sock_alloc_file()
interface ("take descriptor handling from sock_alloc_file() to callers"
vs "net: Providing protocol type via system.sockprotoname xattr of
/proc/PID/fd entries" adding a dentry name to the socket)
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (72 commits)
MAX_LFS_FILESIZE should be a loff_t
compat: fs: Generic compat_sys_sendfile implementation
fs: push rcu_barrier() from deactivate_locked_super() to filesystems
btrfs: reada_extent doesn't need kref for refcount
coredump: move core dump functionality into its own file
coredump: prevent double-free on an error path in core dumper
usb/gadget: fix misannotations
fcntl: fix misannotations
ceph: don't abuse d_delete() on failure exits
hypfs: ->d_parent is never NULL or negative
vfs: delete surplus inode NULL check
switch simple cases of fget_light to fdget
new helpers: fdget()/fdput()
switch o2hb_region_dev_write() to fget_light()
proc_map_files_readdir(): don't bother with grabbing files
make get_file() return its argument
vhost_set_vring(): turn pollstart/pollstop into bool
switch prctl_set_mm_exe_file() to fget_light()
switch xfs_find_handle() to fget_light()
switch xfs_swapext() to fget_light()
...
Features currently supported:
- 39-bit address space for user and kernel (each)
- 4KB and 64KB page configurations
- Compat (32-bit) user applications (ARMv7, EABI only)
- Flattened Device Tree (mandated for all AArch64 platforms)
- ARM generic timers
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Merge tag 'arm64-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cmarinas/linux-aarch64
Pull arm64 support from Catalin Marinas:
"Linux support for the 64-bit ARM architecture (AArch64)
Features currently supported:
- 39-bit address space for user and kernel (each)
- 4KB and 64KB page configurations
- Compat (32-bit) user applications (ARMv7, EABI only)
- Flattened Device Tree (mandated for all AArch64 platforms)
- ARM generic timers"
* tag 'arm64-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cmarinas/linux-aarch64: (35 commits)
arm64: ptrace: remove obsolete ptrace request numbers from user headers
arm64: Do not set the SMP/nAMP processor bit
arm64: MAINTAINERS update
arm64: Build infrastructure
arm64: Miscellaneous header files
arm64: Generic timers support
arm64: Loadable modules
arm64: Miscellaneous library functions
arm64: Performance counters support
arm64: Add support for /proc/sys/debug/exception-trace
arm64: Debugging support
arm64: Floating point and SIMD
arm64: 32-bit (compat) applications support
arm64: User access library functions
arm64: Signal handling support
arm64: VDSO support
arm64: System calls handling
arm64: ELF definitions
arm64: SMP support
arm64: DMA mapping API
...
We already use them for openat() and friends, but fstat() also wants to
be able to use O_PATH file descriptors. This should make it more
directly comparable to the O_SEARCH of Solaris.
Note that you could already do the same thing with "fstatat()" and an
empty path, but just doing "fstat()" directly is simpler and faster, so
there is no reason not to just allow it directly.
See also commit 332a2e1244, which did the same thing for fchdir, for
the same reasons.
Reported-by: ольга крыжановская <olga.kryzhanovska@gmail.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: stable@kernel.org # O_PATH introduced in 3.0+
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
On AArch64 Linux, we want the sys_stat64() and related functions for
compat support but do not need the generic struct stat64, enabled
automatically if __ARCH_WANT_STAT64.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Pull user namespace enhancements from Eric Biederman:
"This is a course correction for the user namespace, so that we can
reach an inexpensive, maintainable, and reasonably complete
implementation.
Highlights:
- Config guards make it impossible to enable the user namespace and
code that has not been converted to be user namespace safe.
- Use of the new kuid_t type ensures the if you somehow get past the
config guards the kernel will encounter type errors if you enable
user namespaces and attempt to compile in code whose permission
checks have not been updated to be user namespace safe.
- All uids from child user namespaces are mapped into the initial
user namespace before they are processed. Removing the need to add
an additional check to see if the user namespace of the compared
uids remains the same.
- With the user namespaces compiled out the performance is as good or
better than it is today.
- For most operations absolutely nothing changes performance or
operationally with the user namespace enabled.
- The worst case performance I could come up with was timing 1
billion cache cold stat operations with the user namespace code
enabled. This went from 156s to 164s on my laptop (or 156ns to
164ns per stat operation).
- (uid_t)-1 and (gid_t)-1 are reserved as an internal error value.
Most uid/gid setting system calls treat these value specially
anyway so attempting to use -1 as a uid would likely cause
entertaining failures in userspace.
- If setuid is called with a uid that can not be mapped setuid fails.
I have looked at sendmail, login, ssh and every other program I
could think of that would call setuid and they all check for and
handle the case where setuid fails.
- If stat or a similar system call is called from a context in which
we can not map a uid we lie and return overflowuid. The LFS
experience suggests not lying and returning an error code might be
better, but the historical precedent with uids is different and I
can not think of anything that would break by lying about a uid we
can't map.
- Capabilities are localized to the current user namespace making it
safe to give the initial user in a user namespace all capabilities.
My git tree covers all of the modifications needed to convert the core
kernel and enough changes to make a system bootable to runlevel 1."
Fix up trivial conflicts due to nearby independent changes in fs/stat.c
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace: (46 commits)
userns: Silence silly gcc warning.
cred: use correct cred accessor with regards to rcu read lock
userns: Convert the move_pages, and migrate_pages permission checks to use uid_eq
userns: Convert cgroup permission checks to use uid_eq
userns: Convert tmpfs to use kuid and kgid where appropriate
userns: Convert sysfs to use kgid/kuid where appropriate
userns: Convert sysctl permission checks to use kuid and kgids.
userns: Convert proc to use kuid/kgid where appropriate
userns: Convert ext4 to user kuid/kgid where appropriate
userns: Convert ext3 to use kuid/kgid where appropriate
userns: Convert ext2 to use kuid/kgid where appropriate.
userns: Convert devpts to use kuid/kgid where appropriate
userns: Convert binary formats to use kuid/kgid where appropriate
userns: Add negative depends on entries to avoid building code that is userns unsafe
userns: signal remove unnecessary map_cred_ns
userns: Teach inode_capable to understand inodes whose uids map to other namespaces.
userns: Fail exec for suid and sgid binaries with ids outside our user namespace.
userns: Convert stat to return values mapped from kuids and kgids
userns: Convert user specfied uids and gids in chown into kuids and kgid
userns: Use uid_eq gid_eq helpers when comparing kuids and kgids in the vfs
...
This teaches vfs_fstat() to use the appropriate f[get|put]_light
functions, allowing it to avoid some unnecessary locking for the common
case.
More noticeably, it also cleans up and simplifies the "getname_flags()"
function, which now relies on the architecture strncpy_from_user() doing
all the user access checks properly, instead of hacking around the fact
that on x86 it didn't use to do it right (see commit 92ae03f2ef: "x86:
merge 32/64-bit versions of 'strncpy_from_user()' and speed it up").
* vfs-cleanups:
VFS: make vfs_fstat() use f[get|put]_light()
VFS: clean up and simplify getname_flags()
x86: make word-at-a-time strncpy_from_user clear bytes at the end
- Store uids and gids with kuid_t and kgid_t in struct kstat
- Convert uid and gids to userspace usable values with
from_kuid and from_kgid
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Admittedly this is something that the compiler should be able to just do
for us, but gcc just isn't that smart. And trying to use a structure
initializer (which would get us the right semantics) ends up resulting
in gcc allocating stack space for _two_ 'struct stat', and then copying
one into the other.
So do it by hand - just have a per-architecture macro that initializes
the padding fields. And if the architecture doesn't provide one, fall
back to the old behavior of just doing the whole memset() first.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It's an unreadable mess of 32-bit vs 64-bit #ifdef's that mostly follow
a rather simple pattern.
Make a helper #define to handle that pattern, in the process making the
code both shorter and more readable.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Use the *_light() versions that properly avoid doing the file user count
updates when they are unnecessary.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
"[PATCH 0/3] RFC - module.h usage cleanups in fs/ and lib/"
https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/2/29/589
--
Fix up files in fs/ and lib/ dirs to only use module.h if they really
need it.
These are trivial in scope vs. the work done previously. We now have
things where any few remaining cleanups can be farmed out to arch or
subsystem maintainers, and I have done so when possible. What is
remaining here represents the bits that don't clearly lie within a
single arch/subsystem boundary, like the fs dir and the lib dir.
Some duplicate includes arising from overlapping fixes from
independent subsystem maintainer submissions are also quashed.
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Merge tag 'module-for-3.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulg/linux
Pull cleanup of fs/ and lib/ users of module.h from Paul Gortmaker:
"Fix up files in fs/ and lib/ dirs to only use module.h if they really
need it.
These are trivial in scope vs the work done previously. We now have
things where any few remaining cleanups can be farmed out to arch or
subsystem maintainers, and I have done so when possible. What is
remaining here represents the bits that don't clearly lie within a
single arch/subsystem boundary, like the fs dir and the lib dir.
Some duplicate includes arising from overlapping fixes from
independent subsystem maintainer submissions are also quashed."
Fix up trivial conflicts due to clashes with other include file cleanups
(including some due to the previous bug.h cleanup pull).
* tag 'module-for-3.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulg/linux:
lib: reduce the use of module.h wherever possible
fs: reduce the use of module.h wherever possible
includecheck: delete any duplicate instances of module.h
For files only using THIS_MODULE and/or EXPORT_SYMBOL, map
them onto including export.h -- or if the file isn't even
using those, then just delete the include. Fix up any implicit
include dependencies that were being masked by module.h along
the way.
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Since the commit below which added O_PATH support to the *at() calls, the
error return for readlink/readlinkat for the empty pathname has switched
from ENOENT to EINVAL:
commit 65cfc67223
Author: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Date: Sun Mar 13 15:56:26 2011 -0400
readlinkat(), fchownat() and fstatat() with empty relative pathnames
This is both unexpected for userspace and makes readlink/readlinkat
inconsistant with all other interfaces; and inconsistant with our stated
return for these pathnames.
As the readlinkat call does not have a flags parameter we cannot use the
AT_EMPTY_PATH approach used in the other calls. Therefore expose whether
the original path is infact entry via a new user_path_at_empty() path
lookup function. Use this to determine whether to default to EINVAL or
ENOENT for failures.
Addresses http://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/817187
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unused getname_flags()]
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
That flag no longer makes sense, since we don't look up automount points
as eagerly any more. Additionally, it turns out that the NO_AUTOMOUNT
handling was buggy to begin with: it would avoid automounting even for
cases where we really *needed* to do the automount handling, and could
return ENOENT for autofs entries that hadn't been instantiated yet.
With our new non-eager automount semantics, one discussion has been
about adding a AT_AUTOMOUNT flag to vfs_fstatat (and thus the
newfstatat() and fstatat64() system calls), but it's probably not worth
it: you can always force at least directory automounting by simply
adding the final '/' to the filename, which works for *all* of the stat
family system calls, old and new.
So AT_NO_AUTOMOUNT (and thus LOOKUP_NO_AUTOMOUNT) really were just a
result of our bad default behavior.
Acked-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Acked-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The inode structure layout is largely random, and some of the vfs paths
really do care. The path lookup in particular is already quite D$
intensive, and profiles show that accessing the 'inode->i_op->xyz'
fields is quite costly.
We already optimized the dcache to not unnecessarily load the d_op
structure for members that are often NULL using the DCACHE_OP_xyz bits
in dentry->d_flags, and this does something very similar for the inode
ops that are used during pathname lookup.
It also re-orders the fields so that the fields accessed by 'stat' are
together at the beginning of the inode structure, and roughly in the
order accessed.
The effect of this seems to be in the 1-2% range for an empty kernel
"make -j" run (which is fairly kernel-intensive, mostly in filename
lookup), so it's visible. The numbers are fairly noisy, though, and
likely depend a lot on exact microarchitecture. So there's more tuning
to be done.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
For readlinkat() we simply allow empty pathname; it will fail unless
we have dfd equal to O_PATH-opened symlink, so we are outside of
POSIX scope here. For fchownat() and fstatat() we allow AT_EMPTY_PATH;
let the caller explicitly ask for such behaviour.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Add an AT_NO_AUTOMOUNT flag to suppress terminal automounting of automount
point directories. This can be used by fstatat() users to permit the
gathering of attributes on an automount point and also prevent
mass-automounting of a directory of automount points by ls.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Mark arguments to certain system calls as being const where they should be but
aren't. The list includes:
(*) The filename arguments of various stat syscalls, execve(), various utimes
syscalls and some mount syscalls.
(*) The filename arguments of some syscall helpers relating to the above.
(*) The buffer argument of various write syscalls.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Quota code requires unlocked version of this function. Off course
we can just copy-paste the code, but copy-pasting is always an evil.
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Monakhov <dmonakhov@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
There's really no reason to keep vfs_stat_fd and vfs_lstat_fd with
Oleg's vfs_fstatat. Use vfs_fstatat for the few cases having the
directory fd, and switch all others to vfs_stat / vfs_lstat.
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
This is a version incorporating Christoph's suggestion.
Separate out common *fstatat functionality into a single function
instead of duplicating it all over the code.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Drokin <green@linuxhacker.ru>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
We used to have rather schizophrenic set of checks for NULL ->i_op even
though it had been eliminated years ago. You'd need to go out of your
way to set it to NULL explicitly _and_ a bunch of code would die on
such inodes anyway. After killing two remaining places that still
did that bogosity, all that crap can go away.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* do not pass nameidata; struct path is all the callers want.
* switch to new helpers:
user_path_at(dfd, pathname, flags, &path)
user_path(pathname, &path)
user_lpath(pathname, &path)
user_path_dir(pathname, &path) (fail if not a directory)
The last 3 are trivial macro wrappers for the first one.
* remove nameidata in callers.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
