Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Add support for new AMD family 0x17
- Add bit field changes to the msr_pstate structure
- Add the new formula for the calculation of cof
- Changed method to access to CpbDis
Signed-off-by: Sherry Hurwitz <sherry.hurwitz@amd.com>
Acked-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Save return value from amd_pci_get_num_boost_states
and remove redundant setting of *support
Signed-off-by: Sherry Hurwitz <sherry.hurwitz@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The switch that conditionally sets CPUPOWER_CAP_HAS_TURBO_RATIO and
CPUPOWER_CAP_IS_SNB flags is missing a break, so all cores get both
flags set and an assumed base clock of 100 MHz for turbo values.
Reported-by: GSR <gsr.bugs@infernal-iceberg.com>
Tested-by: GSR <gsr.bugs@infernal-iceberg.com>
References: https://bugs.debian.org/859978
Fixes: 8fb2e440b2 (cpupower: Show Intel turbo ratio support via ...)
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
This more or less is a renaming and moving of functions and should not
introduce any functional change.
cpupower was built from cpufrequtils (which had a C library providing easy
access to cpu frequency platform info). In the meantime it got enhanced
by quite some neat cpuidle userspace tools.
Now the cpu idle functions have been separated and added to the cpupower.so
library.
So beside an already existing public header file:
cpufreq.h
cpupower now also exports these cpu idle functions in:
cpuidle.h
Here again pasted for better review of the interfaces:
======================================
int cpuidle_is_state_disabled(unsigned int cpu,
unsigned int idlestate);
int cpuidle_state_disable(unsigned int cpu, unsigned int idlestate,
unsigned int disable);
unsigned long cpuidle_state_latency(unsigned int cpu,
unsigned int idlestate);
unsigned long cpuidle_state_usage(unsigned int cpu,
unsigned int idlestate);
unsigned long long cpuidle_state_time(unsigned int cpu,
unsigned int idlestate);
char *cpuidle_state_name(unsigned int cpu,
unsigned int idlestate);
char *cpuidle_state_desc(unsigned int cpu,
unsigned int idlestate);
unsigned int cpuidle_state_count(unsigned int cpu);
char *cpuidle_get_governor(void);
char *cpuidle_get_driver(void);
======================================
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
[root@hp-dl980g7-02 linux]# cpupower monitor
...
5472| 0| 1|******|******|******|******|| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00 *is offline
10567| 0| 159|******|******|******|******|| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00 *is offline
1661206560|859272560| 150|******|******|******|******|| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00 *is offline
1661206560|943093104| 140|******|******|******|******|| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00 *is offline
because of this cpupower also holds the incorrect value for the number
of physical packages in the machine
Changed cpupower to initialize the values of an offline cpu's socket and
core to -1, warn the user that one or more cpus is/are
offline and not print statistics for offline cpus.
This fix hides offlined cores where topology cannot be accessed.
With a recent kernel patch suggested from Prarit Bhargava it may be possible
that soft offlined cores' topology can still be parsed.
This patch would then show which cores in which package/socket are offline,
when sane toplogoy information is available.
Signed-off-by: Jacob Tanenbaum <jtanenba@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
get_cpu_topology() tries to get topology info from all cpus by reading
files in the topology sysfs dir. If a cpu is offlined, since it doesn't
have topology dir, this function fails and returns -1. This causes
functions relying on get_cpu_topology() to fail. For example-
$ cpupower monitor
Cannot read number of available processors
Fix this by skipping fetching topology info for offline cpus.
Signed-off-by: Shreyas B. Prabhu <shreyas@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reported-by: Pavaman Subramaniyam <pavsubra@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
libpci 3.3.0 introduced an additional member in the pci_filter struct
which needs to be initialized to -1 to get the same behavior as before
the API change. The libpci internal helpers got updated accordingly,
but as the cpupower pci helpers initialized the struct themselves the
behavior changed.
Use the libpci helper pci_filter_init() to fix this and guard against
similar breakages in the future.
This fixes probing of the AMD fam12h/14h cpuidle monitor on systems
with libpci >= 3.3.0.
Signed-off-by: Lucas Stach <dev@lynxeye.de>
Acked-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
sysfs_get_idlestate_count() returns an unsigned int. Returning -ENODEV
is not the right thing to do here, and in any case is handled the same
way as if there are no states found.
Signed-off-by: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=80621
Reported-by: David Binderman <dcb314@hotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrey Utkin <andrey.krieger.utkin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
idlestates in sysfs are counted from 0.
This fixes a wrong error message.
Current behavior on a machine with 4 sleep states is:
cpupower idle-set -e 4
Idlestate 4 enabled on CPU 0
-----Wrong---------------------
cpupower idle-set -e 5
Idlestate enabling not supported by kernel
-----Must and now will be -----
cpupower idle-set -e 5
Idlestate 6 not available on CPU 0
-------------------------------
cpupower idle-set -e 6
Idlestate 6 not available on CPU 0
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Latest kernel allows to disable C-states via:
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/cpuidle/stateY/disable
This patch provides lower level sysfs access functions to make use of
this interface. A later patch will implement the higher level stuff.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Use unsigned int as the data type for some variables related to CPU
idle states which allows the code to be simplified slightly.
[rjw: Changelog]
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
If an MSR based monitor is run in parallel this is not needed. This is the
default case on all/most Intel machines.
But when only sysfs info is read via cpupower monitor -m Idle_Stats (typically
the case for non root users) or when other monitors are PCI based (AMD),
Idle_Stats, read from sysfs can be totally bogus:
cpupower monitor -m Idle_Stats
PKG |CORE|CPU | POLL | C1-N | C3-N | C6-N
0| 0| 0| 0.00| 0.00| 0.24| 99.81
0| 0| 32| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 100.7
...
0| 17| 20| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 173.1
0| 17| 52| 0.00| 0.00| 0.07| 173.0
0| 18| 68| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00
0| 18| 76| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00
...
With the -c option all cores are woken up and the kernel
did update cpuidle statistics before reading out sysfs.
This causes some overhead. Therefore avoid if possible, use
if needed:
cpupower monitor -c -m Idle_Stats
PKG |CORE|CPU | POLL | C1-N | C3-N | C6-N
0| 0| 0| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 100.2
0| 0| 32| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 100.2
...
0| 8| 8| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 99.82
0| 8| 40| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 99.81
0| 9| 24| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 100.3
0| 9| 56| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 100.2
0| 16| 4| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 99.75
0| 16| 36| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 99.38
...
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The pkgs member of cpupower_topology is being used as the number of
cpu packages. As the comment in get_cpu_topology notes, the package ids
are not guaranteed to be contiguous. So, simply setting pkgs to the value
of the highest physical_package_id doesn't actually provide a count of
the number of cpu packages. Instead, calculate pkgs by setting it to
the number of distinct physical_packge_id values which is pretty easy
to do after the core_info structs are sorted. Calculating pkgs this
way also has the nice benefit of getting rid of a sign comparison warning
that GCC 4.6 was reporting.
Signed-off-by: Palmer Cox <p@lmercox.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
The cpu_info member of cpupower_topology was being declared as an unnamed
structure. This member was then being malloced using the size of the
parent cpupower_topology * the number of cpus. This works
because cpu_info is smaller than cpupower_topology. However, there is
no guarantee that will always be the case. Making cpu_info its own
top level structure (named cpuid_core_info) allows for mallocing the actual
size of this structure. This also lets us get rid of a redefinition of
the structure in topology.c with slightly different field names.
Signed-off-by: Palmer Cox <p@lmercox.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Fix a variety of issues with sysfs_topology_read_file:
* The return value of sysfs_topology_read_file function was not properly
being checked for failure.
* The function was reading int valued sysfs variables and then returning
their value. So, even if a function was trying to check the return value
of this function, a caller would not be able to tell an failure code apart
from reading a negative value. This also conflicted with the comment on the
function which said that a return value of 0 indicated success.
* The function was parsing int valued sysfs values with strtoul instead of
strtol.
* The function was non-static even though it was only used in the
file it was declared in.
Signed-off-by: Palmer Cox <p@lmercox.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Fix minor warnings reported with GCC 4.6:
* The sysfs_write_file function is unused - remove it.
* The pr_mon_len in the print_header function is unsed - remove it.
Signed-off-by: Palmer Cox <p@lmercox.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
It's been broken forever (i.e. it's not scheduling in a power
aware fashion), as reported by Suresh and others sending
patches, and nobody cares enough to fix it properly ...
so remove it to make space free for something better.
There's various problems with the code as it stands today, first
and foremost the user interface which is bound to topology
levels and has multiple values per level. This results in a
state explosion which the administrator or distro needs to
master and almost nobody does.
Furthermore large configuration state spaces aren't good, it
means the thing doesn't just work right because it's either
under so many impossibe to meet constraints, or even if
there's an achievable state workloads have to be aware of
it precisely and can never meet it for dynamic workloads.
So pushing this kind of decision to user-space was a bad idea
even with a single knob - it's exponentially worse with knobs
on every node of the topology.
There is a proposal to replace the user interface with a single
3 state knob:
sched_balance_policy := { performance, power, auto }
where 'auto' would be the preferred default which looks at things
like Battery/AC mode and possible cpufreq state or whatever the hw
exposes to show us power use expectations - but there's been no
progress on it in the past many months.
Aside from that, the actual implementation of the various knobs
is known to be broken. There have been sporadic attempts at
fixing things but these always stop short of reaching a mergable
state.
Therefore this wholesale removal with the hopes of spurring
people who care to come forward once again and work on a
coherent replacement.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Cc: Vaidyanathan Srinivasan <svaidy@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1326104915.2442.53.camel@twins
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
AMD's BKDG (Bios and Kernel Developers Guide) talks in the CPU spec of their
CPU families about PCI registers defined by "device" (slot) and func(tion).
Assuming that CPU specific configuration PCI devices are always on domain
and bus zero a pci_slot_func_init() func which gets the slot and func of
the desired PCI device passed looks like the most convenient way.
This also obsoletes the PCI device id maintenance.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
CC: Andreas Herrmann <herrmann.der.user@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
Loosely based on a patch for cpufrequtils, submittted by
Sergey Dryabzhinsky <sergey.dryabzhinsky@gmail.com> and
signed-off-by: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
Before, checking for offlined CPUs was done dirty and
it was checked whether topology parsing returned -1 values.
But this is a valid case on a Xen (and possibly other) kernels.
Do proper online/offline checking, also take CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
option into account (no /sys/devices/../cpuX/online file).
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
IA32-Intel Devel guide Volume 3A - 14.3.2.1
-------------------------------------------
...
Opportunistic processor performance operation can be disabled by setting bit 38 of
IA32_MISC_ENABLES. This mechanism is intended for BIOS only. If
IA32_MISC_ENABLES[38] is set, CPUID.06H:EAX[1] will return 0.
Better detect things via cpuid, this cleans up the code a bit
and the MSR parts were not working correctly anyway.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
CC: lenb@kernel.org
CC: linux@dominikbrodowski.net
CC: cpufreq@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
This adds the last piece missing from turbostat (if called with -v).
It shows on Intel machines supporting Turbo Boost how many cores
have to be active/idle to enter which boost mode (frequency).
Whether the HW really enters these boost modes can be verified via
./cpupower monitor.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Renninger <trenn@suse.de>
CC: lenb@kernel.org
CC: linux@dominikbrodowski.net
CC: cpufreq@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
CPU power consumption vs performance tuning is no longer
limited to CPU frequency switching anymore: deep sleep states,
traditional dynamic frequency scaling and hidden turbo/boost
frequencies are tied close together and depend on each other.
The first two exist on different architectures like PPC, Itanium and
ARM, the latter (so far) only on X86. On X86 the APU (CPU+GPU) will
only run most efficiently if CPU and GPU has proper power management
in place.
Users and Developers want to have *one* tool to get an overview what
their system supports and to monitor and debug CPU power management
in detail. The tool should compile and work on as many architectures
as possible.
Once this tool stabilizes a bit, it is intended to replace the
Intel-specific tools in tools/power/x86
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
