Until now, bond_resend_igmp_join_requests() looks for vlans attached to
bonding device, bridge where bonding act as port manually. It does not
care of other scenarios, like stacked bonds or team device above. Make
this more generic and use netdev notifier to propagate the event to
upper devices and to actually call ip_mc_rejoin_groups().
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us>
Acked-by: Veaceslav Falico <vfalico@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
So far, only net_device * could be passed along with netdevice notifier
event. This patch provides a possibility to pass custom structure
able to provide info that event listener needs to know.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us>
v2->v3: fix typo on simeth
shortened dev_getter
shortened notifier_info struct name
v1->v2: fix notifier_call parameter in call_netdevice_notifier()
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Make the encapsulation protocol value a property of VLAN devices and change
the device lookup functions to take the protocol value into account.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Change the rx_{add,kill}_vid callbacks to take a protocol argument in
preparation of 802.1ad support. The protocol argument used so far is
always htons(ETH_P_8021Q).
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Rename the hardware VLAN acceleration features to include "CTAG" to indicate
that they only support CTAGs. Follow up patches will introduce 802.1ad
server provider tagging (STAGs) and require the distinction for hardware not
supporting acclerating both.
Signed-off-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
vlan_vid_del() could possibly free ->vlan_info after a RCU grace
period, however, we may still refer to the freed memory area
by 'grp' pointer. Found by code inspection.
This patch moves vlan_vid_del() as behind as possible.
Cc: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Cong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Initial implementation of the Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol
(MVRP) from IEEE 802.1Q-2011, based on the existing implementation
of the GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).
Signed-off-by: David Ward <david.ward@ll.mit.edu>
Acked-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Instead of jumping aroung bugs that are easily fixed just don't let them in:
affected drivers should be either fixed or have NETIF_F_HW_VLAN_FILTER
removed from advertised features.
Quick grep in drivers/net shows two drivers that have NETIF_F_HW_VLAN_FILTER
but not ndo_vlan_rx_add/kill_vid(), but those are false-positives (features
are commented out).
OTOH two drivers have ndo_vlan_rx_add/kill_vid() implemented but don't
advertise NETIF_F_HW_VLAN_FILTER. Those are:
+ethernet/cisco/enic/enic_main.c
+ethernet/qlogic/qlcnic/qlcnic_main.c
Signed-off-by: Michał Mirosław <mirq-linux@rere.qmqm.pl>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This bug is observed on running FCoE over a VLAN device associated w/
a real device that has IFF_UNICAST_FLT set since FCoE would add unicast
address such as FLOGI MAC to the VLAN interface that FCoE is on. Since
currently, VLAN device is not inheriting the IFF_UNICAST_FLT flag from the
parent real device even though the real device is capable of doing unicast
filtering. This forces the VLAN device and its real device go to promiscuous
mode unnecessarily even the added address is actually being added to the
available unicast filter table in real device.
Signed-off-by: Yi Zou <yi.zou@intel.com>
Cc: devel@open-fcoe.org
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Allow an unpriviled user who has created a user namespace, and then
created a network namespace to effectively use the new network
namespace, by reducing capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN) and
capable(CAP_NET_RAW) calls to be ns_capable(net->user_ns,
CAP_NET_ADMIN), or capable(net->user_ns, CAP_NET_RAW) calls.
Allow the vlan ioctls:
SET_VLAN_INGRESS_PRIORITY_CMD
SET_VLAN_EGRESS_PRIORITY_CMD
SET_VLAN_FLAG_CMD
SET_VLAN_NAME_TYPE_CMD
ADD_VLAN_CMD
DEL_VLAN_CMD
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
#if defined(CONFIG_FOO) || defined(CONFIG_FOO_MODULE)
can be replaced by
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_FOO)
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Cong Wang <amwang@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
vlan_info might be present but still no vlan devices might be there.
That is in case of vlan0 automatically added.
So in that case, allow to change netdev type.
Reported-by: Jon Stanley <jstanley@rmrf.net>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@resnulli.us>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
In driver reload test there is a memory leak.
The structure vlan_info was not freed when the driver was removed.
It was not released since the nr_vids var is one after last vlan was removed.
The nr_vids is one, since vlan zero is added to the interface when the interface
is being set, but the vlan zero is not deleted at unregister.
Fix - delete vlan zero when we unregister the device.
Signed-off-by: Amir Hanania <amir.hanania@intel.com>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Tested-by: Aaron Brown <aaron.f.brown@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Kirsher <jeffrey.t.kirsher@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Use the new bool function ether_addr_equal to add
some clarity and reduce the likelihood for misuse
of compare_ether_addr for sorting.
Done via cocci script:
$ cat compare_ether_addr.cocci
@@
expression a,b;
@@
- !compare_ether_addr(a, b)
+ ether_addr_equal(a, b)
@@
expression a,b;
@@
- compare_ether_addr(a, b)
+ !ether_addr_equal(a, b)
@@
expression a,b;
@@
- !ether_addr_equal(a, b) == 0
+ ether_addr_equal(a, b)
@@
expression a,b;
@@
- !ether_addr_equal(a, b) != 0
+ !ether_addr_equal(a, b)
@@
expression a,b;
@@
- ether_addr_equal(a, b) == 0
+ !ether_addr_equal(a, b)
@@
expression a,b;
@@
- ether_addr_equal(a, b) != 0
+ ether_addr_equal(a, b)
@@
expression a,b;
@@
- !!ether_addr_equal(a, b)
+ ether_addr_equal(a, b)
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This allows to keep track of vids needed to be in rx vlan filters of
devices even if they are used in bond/team etc.
vlan_info as well as vlan_group previously was, is allocated when first
vid is added and dealocated whan last vid is deleted.
vlan_group definition is moved to private header.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jpirko@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch adds wrapper for ndo_vlan_rx_add_vid/ndo_vlan_rx_kill_vid
functions. Check for NETIF_F_HW_VLAN_FILTER feature is done in this
wrapper.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jpirko@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
As this structure is priv, name it approprietely. Also for pointer to it
use name "vlan".
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jpirko@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
When assigning a NULL value to an RCU protected pointer, no barrier
is needed. The rcu_assign_pointer, used to handle that but will soon
change to not handle the special case.
Convert all rcu_assign_pointer of NULL value.
//smpl
@@ expression P; @@
- rcu_assign_pointer(P, NULL)
+ RCU_INIT_POINTER(P, NULL)
// </smpl>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This patch removes the call to ndo_vlan_rx_register if the underlying
device doesn't have hardware support for VLAN.
Signed-off-by: Antoine Reversat <a.reversat@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@conan.davemloft.net>
Use the current logging style.
Add #define pr_fmt and remove embedded prefix from formats.
Not converting the current pr_<level> uses to netdev_<level>
because all the output here is nicely prefaced with "8021q: ".
Remove __func__ use from proc registration failure message.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The below patch removes vlan_buggyright and vlan_copyright from vlan_proto_init,
so that it prints out just the fullname of vlan and the version number.
before:
[ 30.438203] 802.1Q VLAN Support v1.8 Ben Greear <greearb@candelatech.com>
[ 30.441542] All bugs added by David S. Miller <davem@redhat.com>
after:
[ 31.513910] 802.1Q VLAN Support v1.8
Signed-off-by: Justin P. Mattock <justinmattock@gmail.com>
CC: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
CC: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
CC: Ben Greear <greearb@candelatech.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
At VLAN dismantle phase, unregister_vlan_dev() makes one
synchronize_net() call after vlan_group_set_device(grp, vlan_id, NULL).
This call can be safely removed because we are calling
unregister_netdevice_queue() to queue device for deletion, and this
process needs at least one rcu grace period to complete.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Ben Greear <greearb@candelatech.com>
Cc: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jesse Gross <jesse@nicira.com>
Cc: Michał Mirosław <mirq-linux@rere.qmqm.pl>
Acked-by: Jesse Gross <jesse@nicira.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
It is undesirable for the bonding driver to be poking into higher
level protocols, and notifiers provide a way to avoid that. This does
mean removing the ability to configure reptitition of gratuitous ARPs
and unsolicited NAs.
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <bhutchings@solarflare.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The NETDEV_NOTIFY_PEERS notifier indicates that a device moved to a
different physical link; this also applies to any VLAN devices on top
of it.
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <bhutchings@solarflare.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Now there are 2 paths for rx vlan frames. When rx-vlan-hw-accel is
enabled, skb is untagged by NIC, vlan_tci is set and the skb gets into
vlan code in __netif_receive_skb - vlan_hwaccel_do_receive.
For non-rx-vlan-hw-accel however, tagged skb goes thru whole
__netif_receive_skb, it's untagged in ptype_base hander and reinjected
This incosistency is fixed by this patch. Vlan untagging happens early in
__netif_receive_skb so the rest of code (ptype_all handlers, rx_handlers)
see the skb like it was untagged by hw.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jpirko@redhat.com>
v1->v2:
remove "inline" from vlan_core.c functions
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Note: get_flags was actually broken, because it should return the
flags capped with vlan_features. This is now done implicitly by
limiting netdev->hw_features.
RX checksumming offload control is (and was) broken, as there was no way
before to say whether it's done for tagged packets.
Signed-off-by: Michał Mirosław <mirq-linux@rere.qmqm.pl>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Quoting Ben Hutchings: we presumably won't be defining features that
can only be enabled on 64-bit architectures.
Occurences found by `grep -r` on net/, drivers/net, include/
[ Move features and vlan_features next to each other in
struct netdev, as per Eric Dumazet's suggestion -DaveM ]
Signed-off-by: Michał Mirosław <mirq-linux@rere.qmqm.pl>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Now that the vlan device is lockless and single queue do not
transfer the real num queues. This is causing a BUG_ON to occur.
kernel BUG at net/8021q/vlan.c:345!
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff813fd6e8>] ? fib_rules_event+0x28/0x1b0
[<ffffffff814ad2b5>] notifier_call_chain+0x55/0x80
[<ffffffff81089156>] raw_notifier_call_chain+0x16/0x20
[<ffffffff813e5af7>] call_netdevice_notifiers+0x37/0x70
[<ffffffff813e6756>] netdev_features_change+0x16/0x20
[<ffffffffa02995be>] ixgbe_fcoe_enable+0xae/0x100 [ixgbe]
[<ffffffffa01da06a>] vlan_dev_fcoe_enable+0x2a/0x30 [8021q]
[<ffffffffa02d08c3>] fcoe_create+0x163/0x630 [fcoe]
[<ffffffff811244d5>] ? mmap_region+0x255/0x5a0
[<ffffffff81080ef0>] param_attr_store+0x50/0x80
[<ffffffff810809b6>] module_attr_store+0x26/0x30
[<ffffffff811b9db2>] sysfs_write_file+0xf2/0x180
[<ffffffff8114fc88>] vfs_write+0xc8/0x190
[<ffffffff81150621>] sys_write+0x51/0x90
[<ffffffff8100c0b2>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
Signed-off-by: John Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
vlan is a stacked device, like tunnels. We should use the lockless
mechanism we are using in tunnels and loopback.
This patch completely removes locking in TX path.
tx stat counters are added into existing percpu stat structure, renamed
from vlan_rx_stats to vlan_pcpu_stats.
Note : this partially reverts commit 2e59af3dcb (vlan: multiqueue vlan
device)
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Toggling the vlan tx|rx hw offloads needs to set the hard_header_len
as well otherwise we end up using LL_RESERVED_SPACE incorrectly.
This results in pskb_expand_head() being used unnecessarily.
Signed-off-by: John Fastabend <john.r.fastabend@intel.com>
Acked-by: Jesse Gross <jesse@nicira.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
(struct net_device)->vlgrp is rcu protected :
add __rcu annotation and proper rcu primitives.
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Currently each driver that is capable of vlan hardware acceleration
must be aware of the vlan groups that are configured and then pass
the stripped tag to a specialized receive function. This is
different from other types of hardware offload in that it places a
significant amount of knowledge in the driver itself rather keeping
it in the networking core.
This makes vlan offloading function more similarly to other forms
of offloading (such as checksum offloading or TSO) by doing the
following:
* On receive, stripped vlans are passed directly to the network
core, without attempting to check for vlan groups or reconstructing
the header if no group
* vlans are made less special by folding the logic into the main
receive routines
* On transmit, the device layer will add the vlan header in software
if the hardware doesn't support it, instead of spreading that logic
out in upper layers, such as bonding.
There are a number of advantages to this:
* Fixes all bugs with drivers incorrectly dropping vlan headers at once.
* Avoids having to disable VLAN acceleration when in promiscuous mode
(good for bridging since it always puts devices in promiscuous mode).
* Keeps VLAN tag separate until given to ultimate consumer, which
avoids needing to do header reconstruction as in tg3 unless absolutely
necessary.
* Consolidates common code in core networking.
Signed-off-by: Jesse Gross <jesse@nicira.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
A struct net_device always maps to zero or one vlan groups and we
always know the device when we are looking up a group. We currently
do a hash table lookup on the device to find the group but it is
much simpler to just store a pointer.
Signed-off-by: Jesse Gross <jesse@nicira.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
VLAN_GROUP_ARRAY_LEN is simply the number of possible vlan VIDs.
Since vlan groups will soon be more of an implementation detail
for vlan devices, rename the constant to be descriptive of its
actual purpose.
Signed-off-by: Jesse Gross <jesse@nicira.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
This covers RX if necessary, as well as TX.
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <bhutchings@solarflare.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
previously, if a vlan master device was moved from one network namespace
to another, all 802.1q and macvlan slaves were deleted.
we can use dev->reg_state to figure out whether dev_change_net_namespace
is happening, since that won't set dev->reg_state NETREG_UNREGISTERING.
so, this changes 8021q and macvlan to ignore NETDEV_UNREGISTER when
reg_state is not NETREG_UNREGISTERING.
Signed-off-by: David Lamparter <equinox@diac24.net>
Reviewed-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@free.fr>
Acked-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
- Without the 8021q module loaded in the kernel, all 802.1p packets
(VLAN 0 but QoS tagging) are silently discarded (as expected, as
the protocol is not loaded).
- Without this patch in 8021q module, these packets are forwarded to
the module, but they are discarded also if VLAN 0 is not configured,
which should not be the default behaviour, as VLAN 0 is not really
a VLANed packet but a 802.1p packet. Defining VLAN 0 makes it almost
impossible to communicate with mixed 802.1p and non 802.1p devices on
the same network due to arp table issues.
- Changed logic to skip vlan specific code in vlan_skb_recv if VLAN
is 0 and we have not defined a VLAN with ID 0, but we accept the
packet with the encapsulated proto and pass it later to netif_rx.
- In the vlan device event handler, added some logic to add VLAN 0
to HW filter in devices that support it (this prevented any traffic
in VLAN 0 to reach the stack in e1000e with HW filter under 2.6.35,
and probably also with other HW filtered cards, so we fix it here).
- In the vlan unregister logic, prevent the elimination of VLAN 0
in devices with HW filter.
- The default behaviour is to ignore the VLAN 0 tagging and accept
the packet as if it was not tagged, but we can still define a
VLAN 0 if desired (so it is backwards compatible).
Signed-off-by: Pedro Garcia <pedro.netdev@dondevamos.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
+little renaming of unicast functions to be smooth with multicast ones
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jpirko@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
percpu.h is included by sched.h and module.h and thus ends up being
included when building most .c files. percpu.h includes slab.h which
in turn includes gfp.h making everything defined by the two files
universally available and complicating inclusion dependencies.
percpu.h -> slab.h dependency is about to be removed. Prepare for
this change by updating users of gfp and slab facilities include those
headers directly instead of assuming availability. As this conversion
needs to touch large number of source files, the following script is
used as the basis of conversion.
http://userweb.kernel.org/~tj/misc/slabh-sweep.py
The script does the followings.
* Scan files for gfp and slab usages and update includes such that
only the necessary includes are there. ie. if only gfp is used,
gfp.h, if slab is used, slab.h.
* When the script inserts a new include, it looks at the include
blocks and try to put the new include such that its order conforms
to its surrounding. It's put in the include block which contains
core kernel includes, in the same order that the rest are ordered -
alphabetical, Christmas tree, rev-Xmas-tree or at the end if there
doesn't seem to be any matching order.
* If the script can't find a place to put a new include (mostly
because the file doesn't have fitting include block), it prints out
an error message indicating which .h file needs to be added to the
file.
The conversion was done in the following steps.
1. The initial automatic conversion of all .c files updated slightly
over 4000 files, deleting around 700 includes and adding ~480 gfp.h
and ~3000 slab.h inclusions. The script emitted errors for ~400
files.
2. Each error was manually checked. Some didn't need the inclusion,
some needed manual addition while adding it to implementation .h or
embedding .c file was more appropriate for others. This step added
inclusions to around 150 files.
3. The script was run again and the output was compared to the edits
from #2 to make sure no file was left behind.
4. Several build tests were done and a couple of problems were fixed.
e.g. lib/decompress_*.c used malloc/free() wrappers around slab
APIs requiring slab.h to be added manually.
5. The script was run on all .h files but without automatically
editing them as sprinkling gfp.h and slab.h inclusions around .h
files could easily lead to inclusion dependency hell. Most gfp.h
inclusion directives were ignored as stuff from gfp.h was usually
wildly available and often used in preprocessor macros. Each
slab.h inclusion directive was examined and added manually as
necessary.
6. percpu.h was updated not to include slab.h.
7. Build test were done on the following configurations and failures
were fixed. CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL was turned off for all tests (as my
distributed build env didn't work with gcov compiles) and a few
more options had to be turned off depending on archs to make things
build (like ipr on powerpc/64 which failed due to missing writeq).
* x86 and x86_64 UP and SMP allmodconfig and a custom test config.
* powerpc and powerpc64 SMP allmodconfig
* sparc and sparc64 SMP allmodconfig
* ia64 SMP allmodconfig
* s390 SMP allmodconfig
* alpha SMP allmodconfig
* um on x86_64 SMP allmodconfig
8. percpu.h modifications were reverted so that it could be applied as
a separate patch and serve as bisection point.
Given the fact that I had only a couple of failures from tests on step
6, I'm fairly confident about the coverage of this conversion patch.
If there is a breakage, it's likely to be something in one of the arch
headers which should be easily discoverable easily on most builds of
the specific arch.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Guess-its-ok-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@hp.com>
Updates real_num_tx_queues in case underlying real device
has changed real_num_tx_queues.
-v2
As per Eric Dumazet<eric.dumazet@gmail.com> comment:-
-- adds BUG_ON to catch case of real_num_tx_queues exceeding num_tx_queues.
-- created this self contained patch to just update real_num_tx_queues.
Signed-off-by: Vasu Dev <vasu.dev@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Kirsher <jeffrey.t.kirsher@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
It's not desired for underlaying devices to change type. At the time,
there is for example possible to have bond with changed type from
Ethernet to Infiniband as a port of a bridge. This patch fixes this.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jpirko@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jay Vosburgh <fubar@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
__net_init/__net_exit are apparently not going away, so use them
to full extent.
In some cases __net_init was removed, because it was called from
__net_exit code.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Provide common routine for the transition of operational state for a leaf
device during a root device transition.
Signed-off-by: Patrick Mullaney <pmullaney@novell.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
