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Merge tag 'fscrypt-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/fscrypt
Pull fscrypt updates from Ted Ts'o:
"Lots of cleanups, mostly courtesy by Eric Biggers"
* tag 'fscrypt-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/fscrypt:
fscrypt: lock mutex before checking for bounce page pool
fscrypt: add a documentation file for filesystem-level encryption
ext4: switch to fscrypt_prepare_setattr()
ext4: switch to fscrypt_prepare_lookup()
ext4: switch to fscrypt_prepare_rename()
ext4: switch to fscrypt_prepare_link()
ext4: switch to fscrypt_file_open()
fscrypt: new helper function - fscrypt_prepare_setattr()
fscrypt: new helper function - fscrypt_prepare_lookup()
fscrypt: new helper function - fscrypt_prepare_rename()
fscrypt: new helper function - fscrypt_prepare_link()
fscrypt: new helper function - fscrypt_file_open()
fscrypt: new helper function - fscrypt_require_key()
fscrypt: remove unneeded empty fscrypt_operations structs
fscrypt: remove ->is_encrypted()
fscrypt: switch from ->is_encrypted() to IS_ENCRYPTED()
fs, fscrypt: add an S_ENCRYPTED inode flag
fscrypt: clean up include file mess
This patch slightly changes need_do_checkpoint to return the detail
info that indicates why we need do checkpoint, then caller could print
it with trace message.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Sometimes, after running generic/270 of fstest, fsck reports summary
info and actual position of block address in direct node becoming
inconsistent.
The root cause is race in between __f2fs_replace_block and change_curseg
as below:
Thread A Thread B
- __clone_blkaddrs
- f2fs_replace_block
- __f2fs_replace_block
- segnoA = GET_SEGNO(sbi, blkaddrA);
- type = se->type:=CURSEG_HOT_DATA
- if (!IS_CURSEG(sbi, segnoA))
type = CURSEG_WARM_DATA
- allocate_data_block
- allocate_segment
- get_ssr_segment
- change_curseg(segnoA, CURSEG_HOT_DATA)
- change_curseg(segnoA, CURSEG_WARM_DATA)
- reset_curseg
- __set_sit_entry_type
- change se->type from CURSEG_HOT_DATA to CURSEG_WARM_DATA
So finally, hot curseg locates in segnoA, but type of segnoA becomes
CURSEG_WARM_DATA.
Then if we invoke __f2fs_replace_block(blkaddrB, blkaddrA, true, false),
as blkaddrA locates in segnoA, so we will move warm type curseg to segnoA,
then change its summary cache and writeback it to summary block.
But segnoA is used by hot type curseg too, once it moves or persist, it
will cover summary block content with inner old summary cache, result in
inconsistent status.
This patch tries to fix this issue by introduce global curseg lock to avoid
race in between __f2fs_replace_block and change_curseg.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch supports hidden quota files in the system, which will be used for
Android. It requires up-to-date f2fs-tools later than v1.9.0.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds quota_ino feature infra to be used for quota files.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This reverts commit 5e443818fa
The commit should be reverted because call sequence of below two parts
of code must be kept:
a. update sit information, it needs to be updated before segment
allocation since latter allocation may trigger SSR, and SSR allocation
needs latest valid block information of all segments.
b. update segment status, it needs to be updated after segment allocation
since we can skip updating current opened segment status.
Fixes: 5e443818fa ("f2fs: handle dirty segments inside refresh_sit_entry")
Suggested-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Yunlong Song <yunlong.song@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
[Jaegeuk Kim: remove refresh_sit_entry function]
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch exports min_ssr_segments threshold in sysfs to let user
control triggering SSR allocation flexibly.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
We have supported to issue discard in specified range during fstrim,
it needs to return caller with successfully trimmed bytes in that
range instead of bytes of invalid blocks which are scanned in
checkpoint.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds to support bio allocation error injection to simulate
out-of-memory test scenario.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds to support get_page error injection to simulate
out-of-memory test scenario.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
It supports to extend reserved_blocks sysfs interface to be soft
threshold, which allows user configure it exceeding current available
user space. This patch also introduces a new sysfs interface called
current_reserved_blocks, which shows the current blocks that have
already been reserved.
Signed-off-by: Yunlong Song <yunlong.song@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Now, in product, more and more features based on file encryption were
introduced, their demand of xattr space is increasing, however, inline
xattr has fixed-size of 200 bytes, once inline xattr space is full, new
increased xattr data would occupy additional xattr block which may bring
us more space usage and performance regression during persisting.
In order to resolve above issue, it's better to expand inline xattr size
flexibly according to user's requirement.
So this patch introduces new filesystem feature 'flexible inline xattr',
and new mount option 'inline_xattr_size=%u', once mkfs enables the
feature, we can use the option to make f2fs supporting flexible inline
xattr size.
To support this feature, we add extra attribute i_inline_xattr_size in
inode layout, indicating that how many space inline xattr borrows from
block address mapping space in inode layout, by this, we can easily
locate and store flexible-sized inline xattr data in inode.
Inode disk layout:
+----------------------+
| .i_mode |
| ... |
| .i_ext |
+----------------------+
| .i_extra_isize |
| .i_inline_xattr_size |-----------+
| ... | |
+----------------------+ |
| .i_addr | |
| - block address or | |
| - inline data | |
+----------------------+<---+ v
| inline xattr | +---inline xattr range
+----------------------+<---+
| .i_nid |
+----------------------+
| node_footer |
| (nid, ino, offset) |
+----------------------+
Note that, we have to cnosider backward compatibility which reserved
inline_data space, 200 bytes, all the time, reported by Sheng Yong.
Previous inline data or directory always reserved 200 bytes in inode layout,
even if inline_xattr is disabled. In order to keep inline_dentry's structure
for backward compatibility, we get the space back only from inline_data.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Reported-by: Sheng Yong <shengyong1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
All uses of timespec are deprecated, and this one is not particularly
useful, as the documented method for converting seconds to jiffies
is to multiply by 'HZ'.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch removes obosolete parameter for truncate_xattr_node.
Suggested-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
If some abnormal users try lots of atomic write operations, f2fs is able to
produce pinned pages in the main memory which affects system performance.
This patch limits that as 20% over total memory size, and if f2fs reaches
to the limit, it will drop all the inmemory pages.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
last_disk_size could be wrong due to concurrently updating, so using
i_sem semaphore to make last_disk_size updating exclusive to fix this
issue.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In ->umount, once we drop remained discard entries, we should not
set CP_TRIMMED_FLAG with another checkpoint.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
There are many different scenarios such as fstrim, umount, urgent or
background where we will issue discards, actually, they need use
different policy in aspect of io aware, discard granularity, delay
interval and so on. But now they just share one common discard policy,
so there will be race when changing policy in between these scenarios,
the interference of changing discard policy will be very serious.
This patch changes to split discard policy for different scenarios.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch wraps scattered optional parameters into discard policy as
below, later, with it we expect that we can adjust these parameters with
proper strategy in different scenario.
struct discard_policy {
unsigned int min_interval; /* used for candidates exist */
unsigned int max_interval; /* used for candidates not exist */
unsigned int max_requests; /* # of discards issued per round */
unsigned int io_aware_gran; /* minimum granularity discard not be aware of I/O */
bool io_aware; /* issue discard in idle time */
bool sync; /* submit discard with REQ_SYNC flag */
};
This patch doesn't change any logic of codes.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Fstrim intends to trim invalid blocks of filesystem only with specified
range and granularity, but actually, it will issue all previous cached
discard commands which may be out-of-range and be with unmatched
granularity, it's unneeded.
In order to fix above issues, this patch introduces new helps to support
to issue and wait discard in range and adds a new fstrim_list for tracking
in-flight discard from ->fstrim.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Introduce a flag S_ENCRYPTED which can be set in ->i_flags to indicate
that the inode is encrypted using the fscrypt (fs/crypto/) mechanism.
Checking this flag will give the same information that
inode->i_sb->s_cop->is_encrypted(inode) currently does, but will be more
efficient. This will be useful for adding higher-level helper functions
for filesystems to use. For example we'll be able to replace this:
if (ext4_encrypted_inode(inode)) {
ret = fscrypt_get_encryption_info(inode);
if (ret)
return ret;
if (!fscrypt_has_encryption_key(inode))
return -ENOKEY;
}
with this:
ret = fscrypt_require_key(inode);
if (ret)
return ret;
... since we'll be able to retain the fast path for unencrypted files as
a single flag check, using an inline function. This wasn't possible
before because we'd have had to frequently call through the
->i_sb->s_cop->is_encrypted function pointer, even when the encryption
support was disabled or not being used.
Note: we don't define S_ENCRYPTED to 0 if CONFIG_FS_ENCRYPTION is
disabled because we want to continue to return an error if an encrypted
file is accessed without encryption support, rather than pretending that
it is unencrypted.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Filesystems have to include different header files based on whether they
are compiled with encryption support or not. That's nasty and messy.
Instead, rationalise the headers so we have a single include fscrypt.h
and let it decide what internal implementation to include based on the
__FS_HAS_ENCRYPTION define. Filesystems set __FS_HAS_ENCRYPTION to 1
before including linux/fscrypt.h if they are built with encryption
support. Otherwise, they must set __FS_HAS_ENCRYPTION to 0.
Add guards to prevent fscrypt_supp.h and fscrypt_notsupp.h from being
directly included by filesystems.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
[EB: use 1 and 0 rather than defined/undefined]
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
If f2fs manages multiple devices, in checkpoint, we need to issue flush
in those devices which contain dirty data/node in their cache before
we write checkpoint region, otherwise, filesystem metadata could be
corrupted if hitting SPO after checkpoint.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
When multiple device feature is enabled, during ->fsync we will issue
flush in all devices to make sure node/data of the file being persisted
into storage. But some flushes of device could be unneeded as file's
data may be not writebacked into those devices. So this patch adds and
manage bitmap per inode in global cache to indicate which device is
dirty and it needs to issue flush during ->fsync, hence, we could improve
performance of fsync in scenario of multiple device.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
As Fan Li reported, there is no user traversing nid_list[ALLOC_NID_LIST]
which is used for tracking preallocated nids. Let's drop it, and only
track preallocated nids in free_nid_root radix-tree.
Reported-by: Fan Li <fanofcode.li@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
As Ju Hyung Park reported:
"When 'fstrim' is called for manual trim, a BUG() can be triggered
randomly with this patch.
I'm seeing this issue on both x86 Desktop and arm64 Android phone.
On x86 Desktop, this was caused during Ubuntu boot-up. I have a
cronjob installed which calls 'fstrim -v /' during boot. On arm64
Android, this was caused during GC looping with 1ms gc_min_sleep_time
& gc_max_sleep_time."
Root cause of this issue is that f2fs_wait_discard_bios can only be
used by f2fs_put_super, because during put_super there must be no
other referrers, so it can ignore discard entry's reference count
when removing the entry, otherwise in other caller we will hit bug_on
in __remove_discard_cmd as there may be other issuer added reference
count in discard entry.
Thread A Thread B
- issue_discard_thread
- f2fs_ioc_fitrim
- f2fs_trim_fs
- f2fs_wait_discard_bios
- __issue_discard_cmd
- __submit_discard_cmd
- __wait_discard_cmd
- dc->ref++
- __wait_one_discard_bio
- __wait_discard_cmd
- __remove_discard_cmd
- f2fs_bug_on(sbi, dc->ref)
Fixes: 969d1b180d
Reported-by: Ju Hyung Park <qkrwngud825@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch renames functions regarding to buffer management via META_MAPPING
used for encrypted blocks especially. We can actually use them in generic way.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch replaces (f2fs_encrypted_inode() && S_ISREG()) with
f2fs_encrypted_file(), which gives no functional change.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Commit d618ebaf0a ("f2fs: enable small discard by default") enables
f2fs to issue 4K size discard in real-time discard mode. However, issuing
smaller discard may cost more lifetime but releasing less free space in
flash device. Since f2fs has ability of separating hot/cold data and
garbage collection, we can expect that small-sized invalid region would
expand soon with OPU, deletion or garbage collection on valid datas, so
it's better to delay or skip issuing smaller size discards, it could help
to reduce overmuch consumption of IO bandwidth and lifetime of flash
storage.
This patch makes f2fs selectng 64K size as its default minimal
granularity, and issue discard with the size which is not smaller than
minimal granularity. Also it exposes discard granularity as sysfs entry
for configuration in different scenario.
Jaegeuk Kim:
We must issue all the accumulated discard commands when fstrim is called.
So, I've added pend_list_tag[] to indicate whether we should issue the
commands or not. If tag sets P_ACTIVE or P_TRIM, we have to issue them.
P_TRIM is set once at a time, given fstrim trigger.
In addition, issue_discard_thread is calling too much due to the number of
discard commands remaining in the pending list. I added a timer to control
it likewise gc_thread.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Currently, the two flags F2FS_GET_BLOCK_[READ|DIO] are totally equivalent
and can be used interchangably in all scenarios they are involved in.
Neither of the flags is referenced in f2fs_map_blocks(), making them both
the default case. To remove the ambiguity, this patch merges both flags
into F2FS_GET_BLOCK_DEFAULT, and introduces an enum for all distinct flags.
Signed-off-by: Qiuyang Sun <sunqiuyang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch supports to enable f2fs to accept quota information through
mount option:
- {usr,grp,prj}jquota=<quota file path>
- jqfmt=<quota type>
Then, in ->mount flow, we can recover quota file during log replaying,
by this, journelled quota can be supported.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
[Jaegeuk Kim: Fix wrong return values.]
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds to support inode checksum in f2fs.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
[Jaegeuk Kim: fix verification flow]
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Let node writeback also do f2fs_balance_fs to ensure there are always enough free
segments.
Signed-off-by: Yunlong Song <yunlong.song@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds FS_IOC_FSSETXATTR/FS_IOC_FSGETXATTR ioctl interface
support for f2fs. The interface is kept consistent with the one
of ext4/xfs.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch changes the function names of sysfs init to follow ext4.
f2fs_init_sysfs <-> f2fs_register_sysfs
f2fs_exit_sysfs <-> f2fs_unregister_sysfs
Suggested-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Reivewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch add new flag F2FS_EXTRA_ATTR storing in inode.i_inline
to indicate that on-disk structure of current inode is extended.
In order to extend, we changed the inode structure a bit:
Original one:
struct f2fs_inode {
...
struct f2fs_extent i_ext;
__le32 i_addr[DEF_ADDRS_PER_INODE];
__le32 i_nid[DEF_NIDS_PER_INODE];
}
Extended one:
struct f2fs_inode {
...
struct f2fs_extent i_ext;
union {
struct {
__le16 i_extra_isize;
__le16 i_padding;
__le32 i_extra_end[0];
};
__le32 i_addr[DEF_ADDRS_PER_INODE];
};
__le32 i_nid[DEF_NIDS_PER_INODE];
}
Once F2FS_EXTRA_ATTR is set, we will steal four bytes in the head of
i_addr field for storing i_extra_isize and i_padding. with i_extra_isize,
we can calculate actual size of reserved space in i_addr, available
attribute fields included in total extra attribute fields for current
inode can be described as below:
+--------------------+
| .i_mode |
| ... |
| .i_ext |
+--------------------+
| .i_extra_isize |-----+
| .i_padding | |
| .i_prjid | |
| .i_atime_extra | |
| .i_ctime_extra | |
| .i_mtime_extra |<----+
| .i_inode_cs |<----- store blkaddr/inline from here
| .i_xattr_cs |
| ... |
+--------------------+
| |
| block address |
| |
+--------------------+
| .i_nid |
+--------------------+
| node_footer |
| (nid, ino, offset) |
+--------------------+
Hence, with this patch, we would enhance scalability of f2fs inode for
storing more newly added attribute.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch tries to make below macros calculating max inline size,
inline dentry field size considerring reserving size-changeable
space:
- MAX_INLINE_DATA
- NR_INLINE_DENTRY
- INLINE_DENTRY_BITMAP_SIZE
- INLINE_RESERVED_SIZE
Then, when inline_{data,dentry} options is enabled, it allows us to
reserve inline space with different size flexibly for adding newly
introduced inode attribute.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds an ioctl to provide feature information to user.
For exapmle, SQLite can use this ioctl to detect whether f2fs support atomic
write or not.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch resolves the below scenario.
== Process 1 == == Process 2 ==
open(w) open(rw)
begin
write(new_#1)
process_crash
f_op->flush
locks_remove_posix
f_op>release
read (new_#1)
In order to avoid corrupted database caused by new_#1, we must do roll-back
at process_crash time. In order to check that, this patch keeps task which
triggers transaction begin, and does roll-back in f_op->flush before removing
file locks.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Use f2fs_dentry_ptr structure to indicate inline dentry structure as
much as possible, so we can wrap inline dentry with size-fixed fields
to the one with size-changeable fields. With this change, we can
handle size-changeable inline dentry more easily.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch remove unused input parameter in function
new_node_page.
Signed-off-by: Yunlei He <heyunlei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Yong Sheng <shengyong1@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In this round, we've added new features such as disk quota and statx, and
modified internal bio management flow to merge more IOs depending on block
types. We've also made internal threads freezeable for Android battery life.
In addition to them, there are some patches to avoid lock contention as well
as a couple of deadlock conditions.
= Enhancement
- support usrquota, grpquota, and statx
- manage DATA/NODE typed bios separately to serialize more IOs
- modify f2fs_lock_op/wio_mutex to avoid lock contention
- prevent lock contention in migratepage
= Bug fix
- miss to load written inode flag
- fix worst case victim selection in GC
- freezeable GC and discard threads for Android battery life
- sanitize f2fs metadata to deal with security hole
- clean up sysfs-related code and docs
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Merge tag 'for-f2fs-4.13' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this round, we've added new features such as disk quota and statx,
and modified internal bio management flow to merge more IOs depending
on block types. We've also made internal threads freezeable for
Android battery life. In addition to them, there are some patches to
avoid lock contention as well as a couple of deadlock conditions.
Enhancements:
- support usrquota, grpquota, and statx
- manage DATA/NODE typed bios separately to serialize more IOs
- modify f2fs_lock_op/wio_mutex to avoid lock contention
- prevent lock contention in migratepage
Bug fixes:
- fix missing load of written inode flag
- fix worst case victim selection in GC
- freezeable GC and discard threads for Android battery life
- sanitize f2fs metadata to deal with security hole
- clean up sysfs-related code and docs"
* tag 'for-f2fs-4.13' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (59 commits)
f2fs: support plain user/group quota
f2fs: avoid deadlock caused by lock order of page and lock_op
f2fs: use spin_{,un}lock_irq{save,restore}
f2fs: relax migratepage for atomic written page
f2fs: don't count inode block in in-memory inode.i_blocks
Revert "f2fs: fix to clean previous mount option when remount_fs"
f2fs: do not set LOST_PINO for renamed dir
f2fs: do not set LOST_PINO for newly created dir
f2fs: skip ->writepages for {mete,node}_inode during recovery
f2fs: introduce __check_sit_bitmap
f2fs: stop gc/discard thread in prior during umount
f2fs: introduce reserved_blocks in sysfs
f2fs: avoid redundant f2fs_flush after remount
f2fs: report # of free inodes more precisely
f2fs: add ioctl to do gc with target block address
f2fs: don't need to check encrypted inode for partial truncation
f2fs: measure inode.i_blocks as generic filesystem
f2fs: set CP_TRIMMED_FLAG correctly
f2fs: require key for truncate(2) of encrypted file
f2fs: move sysfs code from super.c to fs/f2fs/sysfs.c
...
This patch adds to support plain user/group quota.
Change Note by Jaegeuk Kim.
- Use f2fs page cache for quota files in order to consider garbage collection.
so, quota files are not tolerable for sudden power-cuts, so user needs to do
quotacheck.
- setattr() calls dquot_transfer which will transfer inode->i_blocks.
We can't reclaim that during f2fs_evict_inode(). So, we need to count
node blocks as well in order to match i_blocks with dquot's space.
Note that, Chao wrote a patch to count inode->i_blocks without inode block.
(f2fs: don't count inode block in in-memory inode.i_blocks)
- in f2fs_remount, we need to make RW in prior to dquot_resume.
- handle fault_injection case during f2fs_quota_off_umount
- TODO: Project quota
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Previously, we count all inode consumed blocks including inode block,
xattr block, index block, data block into i_blocks, for other generic
filesystems, they won't count inode block into i_blocks, so for
userspace applications or quota system, they may detect incorrect block
count according to i_blocks value in inode.
This patch changes to count all blocks into inode.i_blocks excluding
inode block, for on-disk i_blocks, we keep counting inode block for
backward compatibility.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch resolves kernel panic for xfstests/081, caused by recent f2fs_bug_on
f2fs: add f2fs_bug_on in __remove_discard_cmd
For fixing, we will stop gc/discard thread in prior in ->kill_sb in order to
avoid referring and releasing race among them.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In this patch, we add a new sysfs interface, with it, we can control
number of reserved blocks in system which could not be used by user,
it enable f2fs to let user to configure for adjusting over-provision
ratio dynamically instead of changing it by mkfs.
So we can expect it will help to reserve more free space for relieving
GC in both filesystem and flash device.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Both in memory or on disk, generic filesystems record i_blocks with
512bytes sized sector count, also VFS sub module such as disk quota
follows this rule, but f2fs records it with 4096bytes sized block
count, this difference leads to that once we use dquota's function
which inc/dec iblocks, it will make i_blocks of f2fs being inconsistent
between in memory and on disk.
In order to resolve this issue, this patch changes to make in-memory
i_blocks of f2fs recording sector count instead of block count,
meanwhile leaving on-disk i_blocks recording block count.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Codes related to sysfs and procfs are dispersive and mixed with sb
related codes, but actually these codes are independent from others,
so split them from super.c, and reorgnize and manger them in sysfs.c.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Currently in F2FS, page faults and operations that truncate the pagecahe
or data blocks, are completely unsynchronized. This can result in page
fault faulting in a page into a range that we are changing after
truncating, and thus we can end up with a page mapped to disk blocks that
will be shortly freed. Filesystem corruption will shortly follow.
This patch fixes the problem by creating new rw semaphore i_mmap_sem in
f2fs_inode_info and grab it for functions removing blocks from extent tree
and for read over page faults. The mechanism is similar to that in ext4.
Signed-off-by: Qiuyang Sun <sunqiuyang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
On sparc, if we have an alloca() like situation, as is the case with
SHASH_DESC_ON_STACK(), we can end up referencing deallocated stack
memory. The result can be that the value is clobbered if a trap
or interrupt arrives at just the right instruction.
It only occurs if the function ends returning a value from that
alloca() area and that value can be placed into the return value
register using a single instruction.
For example, in lib/libcrc32c.c:crc32c() we end up with a return
sequence like:
return %i7+8
lduw [%o5+16], %o0 ! MEM[(u32 *)__shash_desc.1_10 + 16B],
%o5 holds the base of the on-stack area allocated for the shash
descriptor. But the return released the stack frame and the
register window.
So if an intererupt arrives between 'return' and 'lduw', then
the value read at %o5+16 can be corrupted.
Add a data compiler barrier to work around this problem. This is
exactly what the gcc fix will end up doing as well, and it absolutely
should not change the code generated for other cpus (unless gcc
on them has the same bug :-)
With crucial insight from Eric Sandeen.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Reported-by: Anatoly Pugachev <matorola@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Serialize data/node IOs by using fifo list instead of mutex lock,
it will help to enhance concurrency of f2fs, meanwhile keeping LFS
IO semantics.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Currently, if we do get_node_of_data before f2fs_lock_op, there may be dead lock
as follows, where process A would be in infinite loop, and B will NOT be awaked.
Process A(cp): Process B:
f2fs_lock_all(sbi)
get_dnode_of_data <---- lock dn.node_page
flush_nodes f2fs_lock_op
So, this patch adds f2fs_trylock_op to avoid f2fs_lock_op done by IPU.
Signed-off-by: Hou Pengyang <houpengyang@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Split DATA/NODE type bio cache according to different temperature,
so write IOs with the same temperature can be merged in corresponding
bio cache as much as possible, otherwise, different temperature write
IOs submitting into one bio cache will always cause split of bio.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Merged IO flow doesn't need to care about read IOs.
f2fs_submit_merged_bio -> f2fs_submit_merged_write
f2fs_submit_merged_bios -> f2fs_submit_merged_writes
f2fs_submit_merged_bio_cond -> f2fs_submit_merged_write_cond
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Merge more updates from Andrew Morton:
- the rest of MM
- various misc things
- procfs updates
- lib/ updates
- checkpatch updates
- kdump/kexec updates
- add kvmalloc helpers, use them
- time helper updates for Y2038 issues. We're almost ready to remove
current_fs_time() but that awaits a btrfs merge.
- add tracepoints to DAX
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (114 commits)
drivers/staging/ccree/ssi_hash.c: fix build with gcc-4.4.4
selftests/vm: add a test for virtual address range mapping
dax: add tracepoint to dax_insert_mapping()
dax: add tracepoint to dax_writeback_one()
dax: add tracepoints to dax_writeback_mapping_range()
dax: add tracepoints to dax_load_hole()
dax: add tracepoints to dax_pfn_mkwrite()
dax: add tracepoints to dax_iomap_pte_fault()
mtd: nand: nandsim: convert to memalloc_noreclaim_*()
treewide: convert PF_MEMALLOC manipulations to new helpers
mm: introduce memalloc_noreclaim_{save,restore}
mm: prevent potential recursive reclaim due to clearing PF_MEMALLOC
mm/huge_memory.c: deposit a pgtable for DAX PMD faults when required
mm/huge_memory.c: use zap_deposited_table() more
time: delete CURRENT_TIME_SEC and CURRENT_TIME
gfs2: replace CURRENT_TIME with current_time
apparmorfs: replace CURRENT_TIME with current_time()
lustre: replace CURRENT_TIME macro
fs: ubifs: replace CURRENT_TIME_SEC with current_time
fs: ufs: use ktime_get_real_ts64() for birthtime
...
Patch series "kvmalloc", v5.
There are many open coded kmalloc with vmalloc fallback instances in the
tree. Most of them are not careful enough or simply do not care about
the underlying semantic of the kmalloc/page allocator which means that
a) some vmalloc fallbacks are basically unreachable because the kmalloc
part will keep retrying until it succeeds b) the page allocator can
invoke a really disruptive steps like the OOM killer to move forward
which doesn't sound appropriate when we consider that the vmalloc
fallback is available.
As it can be seen implementing kvmalloc requires quite an intimate
knowledge if the page allocator and the memory reclaim internals which
strongly suggests that a helper should be implemented in the memory
subsystem proper.
Most callers, I could find, have been converted to use the helper
instead. This is patch 6. There are some more relying on __GFP_REPEAT
in the networking stack which I have converted as well and Eric Dumazet
was not opposed [2] to convert them as well.
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170130094940.13546-1-mhocko@kernel.org
[2] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1485273626.16328.301.camel@edumazet-glaptop3.roam.corp.google.com
This patch (of 9):
Using kmalloc with the vmalloc fallback for larger allocations is a
common pattern in the kernel code. Yet we do not have any common helper
for that and so users have invented their own helpers. Some of them are
really creative when doing so. Let's just add kv[mz]alloc and make sure
it is implemented properly. This implementation makes sure to not make
a large memory pressure for > PAGE_SZE requests (__GFP_NORETRY) and also
to not warn about allocation failures. This also rules out the OOM
killer as the vmalloc is a more approapriate fallback than a disruptive
user visible action.
This patch also changes some existing users and removes helpers which
are specific for them. In some cases this is not possible (e.g.
ext4_kvmalloc, libcfs_kvzalloc) because those seems to be broken and
require GFP_NO{FS,IO} context which is not vmalloc compatible in general
(note that the page table allocation is GFP_KERNEL). Those need to be
fixed separately.
While we are at it, document that __vmalloc{_node} about unsupported gfp
mask because there seems to be a lot of confusion out there.
kvmalloc_node will warn about GFP_KERNEL incompatible (which are not
superset) flags to catch new abusers. Existing ones would have to die
slowly.
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: f2fs fixup]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170320163735.332e64b7@canb.auug.org.au
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170306103032.2540-2-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger@dilger.ca> [ext4 part]
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In this round, we've focused on enhancing performance with regards to block
allocation, GC, and discard/in-place-update IO controls. There are a bunch
of clean-ups as well as minor bug fixes.
= Enhancement
- disable heap-based allocation by default
- issue small-sized discard commands by default
- change the policy of data hotness for logging
- distinguish IOs in terms of size and wbc type
- start SSR earlier to avoid foreground GC
- enhance data structures managing discard commands
- enhance in-place update flow
- add some more fault injection routines
- secure one more xattr entry
= Bug fix
- calculate victim cost for GC correctly
- remain correct victim segment number for GC
- race condition in nid allocator and initializer
- stale pointer produced by atomic_writes
- fix missing REQ_SYNC for flush commands
- handle missing errors in more corner cases
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Merge tag 'for-f2fs-4.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this round, we've focused on enhancing performance with regards to
block allocation, GC, and discard/in-place-update IO controls. There
are a bunch of clean-ups as well as minor bug fixes.
Enhancements:
- disable heap-based allocation by default
- issue small-sized discard commands by default
- change the policy of data hotness for logging
- distinguish IOs in terms of size and wbc type
- start SSR earlier to avoid foreground GC
- enhance data structures managing discard commands
- enhance in-place update flow
- add some more fault injection routines
- secure one more xattr entry
Bug fixes:
- calculate victim cost for GC correctly
- remain correct victim segment number for GC
- race condition in nid allocator and initializer
- stale pointer produced by atomic_writes
- fix missing REQ_SYNC for flush commands
- handle missing errors in more corner cases"
* tag 'for-f2fs-4.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (111 commits)
f2fs: fix a mount fail for wrong next_scan_nid
f2fs: enhance scalability of trace macro
f2fs: relocate inode_{,un}lock in F2FS_IOC_SETFLAGS
f2fs: Make flush bios explicitely sync
f2fs: show available_nids in f2fs/status
f2fs: flush dirty nats periodically
f2fs: introduce CP_TRIMMED_FLAG to avoid unneeded discard
f2fs: allow cpc->reason to indicate more than one reason
f2fs: release cp and dnode lock before IPU
f2fs: shrink size of struct discard_cmd
f2fs: don't hold cmd_lock during waiting discard command
f2fs: nullify fio->encrypted_page for each writes
f2fs: sanity check segment count
f2fs: introduce valid_ipu_blkaddr to clean up
f2fs: lookup extent cache first under IPU scenario
f2fs: reconstruct code to write a data page
f2fs: introduce __wait_discard_cmd
f2fs: introduce __issue_discard_cmd
f2fs: enable small discard by default
f2fs: delay awaking discard thread
...
If user has no key under an encrypted dir, fscrypt gives digested dentries.
Previously, when looking up a dentry, f2fs only checks its hash value with
first 4 bytes of the digested dentry, which didn't handle hash collisions fully.
This patch enhances to check entire dentry bytes likewise ext4.
Eric reported how to reproduce this issue by:
# seq -f "edir/abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz012345%.0f" 100000 | xargs touch
# find edir -type f | xargs stat -c %i | sort | uniq | wc -l
100000
# sync
# echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
# keyctl new_session
# find edir -type f | xargs stat -c %i | sort | uniq | wc -l
99999
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Reported-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
(fixed f2fs_dentry_hash() to work even when the hash is 0)
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Introduce CP_TRIMMED_FLAG to indicate all invalid block were trimmed
before umount, so once we do mount with image which contain the flag,
we don't record invalid blocks as undiscard one, when fstrim is being
triggered, we can avoid issuing redundant discard commands.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Change to use different bits of cpc->reason to indicate different status,
so cpc->reason can indicate more than one reason.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
We don't need to rewrite the page under cp_rwsem and dnode locks.
Signed-off-by: Hou Pengyang <houpengyang@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In order to shrink size of struct discard_cmd, change variable type of
@state in struct discard_cmd from int to unsigned char.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Previously, with protection of cmd_lock, we will wait for end io of
discard command which potentially may lead long latency, making worse
concurrency.
So, in this patch, we try to add reference into discard entry to prevent
the entry being released by other thread, then we can avoid holding
global cmd_lock during waiting discard to finish.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch start to enable 4K granularity small discard by default
when realtime discard is on, so, in seriously fragmented space,
small size discard can be issued in time to avoid useless storage
space occupying of invalid filesystem's data, then performance of
flash storage can be recovered.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
With a recent addition of f2fs_lookup_extent_tree(), we get a warning about
the use of empty macros:
fs/f2fs/extent_cache.c: In function 'f2fs_lookup_extent_tree':
fs/f2fs/extent_cache.c:358:32: error: suggest braces around empty body in an 'else' statement [-Werror=empty-body]
stat_inc_rbtree_node_hit(sbi);
A good way to avoid the warning and make the code more robust is to define
all no-op macros as 'do { } while (0)'.
Fixes: 54c2258cd6 ("f2fs: extract rb-tree operation infrastructure")
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reivewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds an ioctl to flush data in faster device to cold area. User can
give device number and number of segments to move. It doesn't move it if there
is only one device.
The parameter looks like:
struct f2fs_flush_device {
u32 dev_num; /* device number to flush */
u32 segments; /* # of segments to flush */
};
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
For IPU writes, there won't be any udpates in dnode page since we
will reuse old block address instead of allocating new one, so we
don't need to lock cp_rwsem during IPU IO submitting.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Introduce __check_rb_tree_consistence to check consistence of rb-tree
based discard cache in runtime.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Keep issuing big size discard in prior instead of the one with random
size, so that we expect that it will help to:
- be quick to recycle unused large space in flash storage device.
- give a chance for
a) wait to merge small piece discards into bigger one, or
b) avoid issuing discards while they have being reallocated by SSR.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Avoid long variable name in discard_cmd_control structure, no logic
change.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Introduce rb-tree based discard cache infrastructure to speed up lookup and
merge operation of discard entry.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
[Jaegeuk Kim: initialize dc to avoid build warning]
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
rb-tree lookup/update functions are deeply coupled into extent cache
codes, it's very hard to reuse these basic functions, this patch
extracts common rb-tree operation infrastructure for latter reusing.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Add braces around variables used within macros for those make sense
to do it. Many of the macros in f2fs already do this. What this commit
doesn't do is anything that changes line# as a result of adding braces,
which usually affects the binary via __LINE__.
Confirmed no diff in fs/f2fs/f2fs.ko before/after this commit on x86_64,
to make sure this has no functional change as well as there's been no
unexpected side effect due to callers' arithmetics within the existing
code.
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <tkusumi@tuxera.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Split f2fs_wait_discard_bios from f2fs_wait_discard_bio, just for cleanup,
no logic change.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Split discard_cmd_list to discard_{pend,wait}_list, so while sending/waiting
discard command, we can avoid traversing unneeded entries in original list.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Since callers statically know which type to use, make_dentry_ptr()
can simply be splitted into two inline functions. This way, the code
has less inlined, fewer arguments, and no cast.
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <tkusumi@tuxera.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch tries to split in-place-update bios from sequential bios.
Suggested-by: Yunlei He <heyunlei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
If two threads try to flush dirty pages in different inodes respectively,
f2fs_write_data_pages() will produce WRITE and WRITE_SYNC one at a time,
resulting in a lot of 4KB seperated IOs.
So, this patch gives higher priority to WB_SYNC_ALL IOs and gathers write
IOs with a big WRITE_SYNC'ed bio.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
It would better split small and large IOs separately in order to get more
consecutive big writes.
The default threshold is set to 64KB, but configurable by sysfs/min_hot_blocks.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch changes to use bitmap instead of extent in struct discard_entry
to indicate discard range in one segment, for fragmented space, this
implementation can save memory footprint.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Adds to count discard command entry and show the number in debugfs,
also fix to add cost of discard command cache into total comsumed
memory footprint.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Show historical count of flush command and discard command.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch allow write data to normal file when writting
new checkpoint.
We relax three limitations for write_begin path:
1. data allocation
2. node allocation
3. variables in checkpoint
Signed-off-by: Yunlei He <heyunlei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds to show the max number of volatile operations which are
conducting concurrently.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
As discuss with Jaegeuk and Chao,
"Once checkpoint is done, f2fs doesn't need to update there-in filename at all."
The disk-level filename is used only one case,
1. create a file A under a dir
2. sync A
3. godown
4. umount
5. mount (roll_forward)
Only the rename/cross_rename changes the filename, if it happens,
a. between step 1 and 2, the sync A will caused checkpoint, so that,
the roll_forward at step 5 never happens.
b. after step 2, the roll_forward happens, file A will roll forward
to the result as after step 1.
So that, any updating the disk filename is useless, just cleanup it.
Signed-off-by: Kinglong Mee <kinglongmee@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
free_nid_bitmap and free_nid_count in update_free_nid_bitmap should be
updated atomically, use nid_list_lock cover them to avoid race in
concurrent scenario.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Kinglong Mee <kinglongmee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Clear FI_DATA_EXIST flag atomically in truncate_inline_inode, and
the return value from truncate_inline_inode isn't used, remove it.
Signed-off-by: Kinglong Mee <kinglongmee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Fixes: 3cf4574705 ("f2fs: introduce get_next_page_offset to speed up SEEK_DATA")
Signed-off-by: Kinglong Mee <kinglongmee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds to account free nids for each NAT blocks, and while
scanning all free nid bitmap, do check count and skip lookuping in
full NAT block.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Add a system call to make extended file information available, including
file creation and some attribute flags where available through the
underlying filesystem.
The getattr inode operation is altered to take two additional arguments: a
u32 request_mask and an unsigned int flags that indicate the
synchronisation mode. This change is propagated to the vfs_getattr*()
function.
Functions like vfs_stat() are now inline wrappers around new functions
vfs_statx() and vfs_statx_fd() to reduce stack usage.
========
OVERVIEW
========
The idea was initially proposed as a set of xattrs that could be retrieved
with getxattr(), but the general preference proved to be for a new syscall
with an extended stat structure.
A number of requests were gathered for features to be included. The
following have been included:
(1) Make the fields a consistent size on all arches and make them large.
(2) Spare space, request flags and information flags are provided for
future expansion.
(3) Better support for the y2038 problem [Arnd Bergmann] (tv_sec is an
__s64).
(4) Creation time: The SMB protocol carries the creation time, which could
be exported by Samba, which will in turn help CIFS make use of
FS-Cache as that can be used for coherency data (stx_btime).
This is also specified in NFSv4 as a recommended attribute and could
be exported by NFSD [Steve French].
(5) Lightweight stat: Ask for just those details of interest, and allow a
netfs (such as NFS) to approximate anything not of interest, possibly
without going to the server [Trond Myklebust, Ulrich Drepper, Andreas
Dilger] (AT_STATX_DONT_SYNC).
(6) Heavyweight stat: Force a netfs to go to the server, even if it thinks
its cached attributes are up to date [Trond Myklebust]
(AT_STATX_FORCE_SYNC).
And the following have been left out for future extension:
(7) Data version number: Could be used by userspace NFS servers [Aneesh
Kumar].
Can also be used to modify fill_post_wcc() in NFSD which retrieves
i_version directly, but has just called vfs_getattr(). It could get
it from the kstat struct if it used vfs_xgetattr() instead.
(There's disagreement on the exact semantics of a single field, since
not all filesystems do this the same way).
(8) BSD stat compatibility: Including more fields from the BSD stat such
as creation time (st_btime) and inode generation number (st_gen)
[Jeremy Allison, Bernd Schubert].
(9) Inode generation number: Useful for FUSE and userspace NFS servers
[Bernd Schubert].
(This was asked for but later deemed unnecessary with the
open-by-handle capability available and caused disagreement as to
whether it's a security hole or not).
(10) Extra coherency data may be useful in making backups [Andreas Dilger].
(No particular data were offered, but things like last backup
timestamp, the data version number and the DOS archive bit would come
into this category).
(11) Allow the filesystem to indicate what it can/cannot provide: A
filesystem can now say it doesn't support a standard stat feature if
that isn't available, so if, for instance, inode numbers or UIDs don't
exist or are fabricated locally...
(This requires a separate system call - I have an fsinfo() call idea
for this).
(12) Store a 16-byte volume ID in the superblock that can be returned in
struct xstat [Steve French].
(Deferred to fsinfo).
(13) Include granularity fields in the time data to indicate the
granularity of each of the times (NFSv4 time_delta) [Steve French].
(Deferred to fsinfo).
(14) FS_IOC_GETFLAGS value. These could be translated to BSD's st_flags.
Note that the Linux IOC flags are a mess and filesystems such as Ext4
define flags that aren't in linux/fs.h, so translation in the kernel
may be a necessity (or, possibly, we provide the filesystem type too).
(Some attributes are made available in stx_attributes, but the general
feeling was that the IOC flags were to ext[234]-specific and shouldn't
be exposed through statx this way).
(15) Mask of features available on file (eg: ACLs, seclabel) [Brad Boyer,
Michael Kerrisk].
(Deferred, probably to fsinfo. Finding out if there's an ACL or
seclabal might require extra filesystem operations).
(16) Femtosecond-resolution timestamps [Dave Chinner].
(A __reserved field has been left in the statx_timestamp struct for
this - if there proves to be a need).
(17) A set multiple attributes syscall to go with this.
===============
NEW SYSTEM CALL
===============
The new system call is:
int ret = statx(int dfd,
const char *filename,
unsigned int flags,
unsigned int mask,
struct statx *buffer);
The dfd, filename and flags parameters indicate the file to query, in a
similar way to fstatat(). There is no equivalent of lstat() as that can be
emulated with statx() by passing AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW in flags. There is
also no equivalent of fstat() as that can be emulated by passing a NULL
filename to statx() with the fd of interest in dfd.
Whether or not statx() synchronises the attributes with the backing store
can be controlled by OR'ing a value into the flags argument (this typically
only affects network filesystems):
(1) AT_STATX_SYNC_AS_STAT tells statx() to behave as stat() does in this
respect.
(2) AT_STATX_FORCE_SYNC will require a network filesystem to synchronise
its attributes with the server - which might require data writeback to
occur to get the timestamps correct.
(3) AT_STATX_DONT_SYNC will suppress synchronisation with the server in a
network filesystem. The resulting values should be considered
approximate.
mask is a bitmask indicating the fields in struct statx that are of
interest to the caller. The user should set this to STATX_BASIC_STATS to
get the basic set returned by stat(). It should be noted that asking for
more information may entail extra I/O operations.
buffer points to the destination for the data. This must be 256 bytes in
size.
======================
MAIN ATTRIBUTES RECORD
======================
The following structures are defined in which to return the main attribute
set:
struct statx_timestamp {
__s64 tv_sec;
__s32 tv_nsec;
__s32 __reserved;
};
struct statx {
__u32 stx_mask;
__u32 stx_blksize;
__u64 stx_attributes;
__u32 stx_nlink;
__u32 stx_uid;
__u32 stx_gid;
__u16 stx_mode;
__u16 __spare0[1];
__u64 stx_ino;
__u64 stx_size;
__u64 stx_blocks;
__u64 __spare1[1];
struct statx_timestamp stx_atime;
struct statx_timestamp stx_btime;
struct statx_timestamp stx_ctime;
struct statx_timestamp stx_mtime;
__u32 stx_rdev_major;
__u32 stx_rdev_minor;
__u32 stx_dev_major;
__u32 stx_dev_minor;
__u64 __spare2[14];
};
The defined bits in request_mask and stx_mask are:
STATX_TYPE Want/got stx_mode & S_IFMT
STATX_MODE Want/got stx_mode & ~S_IFMT
STATX_NLINK Want/got stx_nlink
STATX_UID Want/got stx_uid
STATX_GID Want/got stx_gid
STATX_ATIME Want/got stx_atime{,_ns}
STATX_MTIME Want/got stx_mtime{,_ns}
STATX_CTIME Want/got stx_ctime{,_ns}
STATX_INO Want/got stx_ino
STATX_SIZE Want/got stx_size
STATX_BLOCKS Want/got stx_blocks
STATX_BASIC_STATS [The stuff in the normal stat struct]
STATX_BTIME Want/got stx_btime{,_ns}
STATX_ALL [All currently available stuff]
stx_btime is the file creation time, stx_mask is a bitmask indicating the
data provided and __spares*[] are where as-yet undefined fields can be
placed.
Time fields are structures with separate seconds and nanoseconds fields
plus a reserved field in case we want to add even finer resolution. Note
that times will be negative if before 1970; in such a case, the nanosecond
fields will also be negative if not zero.
The bits defined in the stx_attributes field convey information about a
file, how it is accessed, where it is and what it does. The following
attributes map to FS_*_FL flags and are the same numerical value:
STATX_ATTR_COMPRESSED File is compressed by the fs
STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE File is marked immutable
STATX_ATTR_APPEND File is append-only
STATX_ATTR_NODUMP File is not to be dumped
STATX_ATTR_ENCRYPTED File requires key to decrypt in fs
Within the kernel, the supported flags are listed by:
KSTAT_ATTR_FS_IOC_FLAGS
[Are any other IOC flags of sufficient general interest to be exposed
through this interface?]
New flags include:
STATX_ATTR_AUTOMOUNT Object is an automount trigger
These are for the use of GUI tools that might want to mark files specially,
depending on what they are.
Fields in struct statx come in a number of classes:
(0) stx_dev_*, stx_blksize.
These are local system information and are always available.
(1) stx_mode, stx_nlinks, stx_uid, stx_gid, stx_[amc]time, stx_ino,
stx_size, stx_blocks.
These will be returned whether the caller asks for them or not. The
corresponding bits in stx_mask will be set to indicate whether they
actually have valid values.
If the caller didn't ask for them, then they may be approximated. For
example, NFS won't waste any time updating them from the server,
unless as a byproduct of updating something requested.
If the values don't actually exist for the underlying object (such as
UID or GID on a DOS file), then the bit won't be set in the stx_mask,
even if the caller asked for the value. In such a case, the returned
value will be a fabrication.
Note that there are instances where the type might not be valid, for
instance Windows reparse points.
(2) stx_rdev_*.
This will be set only if stx_mode indicates we're looking at a
blockdev or a chardev, otherwise will be 0.
(3) stx_btime.
Similar to (1), except this will be set to 0 if it doesn't exist.
=======
TESTING
=======
The following test program can be used to test the statx system call:
samples/statx/test-statx.c
Just compile and run, passing it paths to the files you want to examine.
The file is built automatically if CONFIG_SAMPLES is enabled.
Here's some example output. Firstly, an NFS directory that crosses to
another FSID. Note that the AUTOMOUNT attribute is set because transiting
this directory will cause d_automount to be invoked by the VFS.
[root@andromeda ~]# /tmp/test-statx -A /warthog/data
statx(/warthog/data) = 0
results=7ff
Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 1048576 directory
Device: 00:26 Inode: 1703937 Links: 125
Access: (3777/drwxrwxrwx) Uid: 0 Gid: 4041
Access: 2016-11-24 09:02:12.219699527+0000
Modify: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Change: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Attributes: 0000000000001000 (-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ---m---- --------)
Secondly, the result of automounting on that directory.
[root@andromeda ~]# /tmp/test-statx /warthog/data
statx(/warthog/data) = 0
results=7ff
Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 1048576 directory
Device: 00:27 Inode: 2 Links: 125
Access: (3777/drwxrwxrwx) Uid: 0 Gid: 4041
Access: 2016-11-24 09:02:12.219699527+0000
Modify: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Change: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
This round introduces several interesting features such as on-disk NAT bitmaps,
IO alignment, and a discard thread. And it includes a couple of major bug fixes
as below.
== Enhancement ==
- introduce on-disk bitmaps to avoid scanning NAT blocks when getting free nids
- support IO alignment to prepare open-channel SSD integration in future
- introduce a discard thread to avoid long latency during checkpoint and fstrim
- use SSR for warm node and enable inline_xattr by default
- introduce in-memory bitmaps to check FS consistency for debugging
- improve write_begin by avoiding needless read IO
== Bug fix ==
- fix broken zone_reset behavior for SMR drive
- fix wrong victim selection policy during GC
- fix missing behavior when preparing discard commands
- fix bugs in atomic write support and fiemap
- workaround to handle multiple f2fs_add_link calls having same name
And it includes a bunch of clean-up patches as well.
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Merge tag 'for-f2fs-4.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"This round introduces several interesting features such as on-disk NAT
bitmaps, IO alignment, and a discard thread. And it includes a couple
of major bug fixes as below.
Enhancements:
- introduce on-disk bitmaps to avoid scanning NAT blocks when getting
free nids
- support IO alignment to prepare open-channel SSD integration in
future
- introduce a discard thread to avoid long latency during checkpoint
and fstrim
- use SSR for warm node and enable inline_xattr by default
- introduce in-memory bitmaps to check FS consistency for debugging
- improve write_begin by avoiding needless read IO
Bug fixes:
- fix broken zone_reset behavior for SMR drive
- fix wrong victim selection policy during GC
- fix missing behavior when preparing discard commands
- fix bugs in atomic write support and fiemap
- workaround to handle multiple f2fs_add_link calls having same name
... and it includes a bunch of clean-up patches as well"
* tag 'for-f2fs-4.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (97 commits)
f2fs: avoid to flush nat journal entries
f2fs: avoid to issue redundant discard commands
f2fs: fix a plint compile warning
f2fs: add f2fs_drop_inode tracepoint
f2fs: Fix zoned block device support
f2fs: remove redundant set_page_dirty()
f2fs: fix to enlarge size of write_io_dummy mempool
f2fs: fix memory leak of write_io_dummy mempool during umount
f2fs: fix to update F2FS_{CP_}WB_DATA count correctly
f2fs: use MAX_FREE_NIDS for the free nids target
f2fs: introduce free nid bitmap
f2fs: new helper cur_cp_crc() getting crc in f2fs_checkpoint
f2fs: update the comment of default nr_pages to skipping
f2fs: drop the duplicate pval in f2fs_getxattr
f2fs: Don't update the xattr data that same as the exist
f2fs: kill __is_extent_same
f2fs: avoid bggc->fggc when enough free segments are avaliable after cp
f2fs: select target segment with closer temperature in SSR mode
f2fs: show simple call stack in fault injection message
f2fs: no need lock_op in f2fs_write_inline_data
...
In scenario of intensively node allocation, free nids will be ran out
soon, then it needs to stop to load free nids by traversing NAT blocks,
in worse case, if NAT blocks does not be cached in memory, it generates
IOs which slows down our foreground operations.
In order to speed up node allocation, in this patch we introduce a new
free_nid_bitmap array, so there is an bitmap table for each NAT block,
Once the NAT block is loaded, related bitmap cache will be switched on,
and bitmap will be set during traversing nat entries in NAT block, later
we can query and update nid usage status in memory completely.
With such implementation, I expect performance of node allocation can be
improved in the long-term after filesystem image is mounted.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
There are four places that getting the crc value in f2fs_checkpoint,
just add a new helper cur_cp_crc for them.
Signed-off-by: Kinglong Mee <kinglongmee@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Since commit ee6d182f2a ("f2fs: remove syncing inode page in all the
cases") delayed inode element updating from inode cache to node page
cache, so once largest cached extent is updated, we can make inode dirty
immediately instead of checking and updating it in the end of extent
cache update.
The above commit didn't clean up unneeded codes in extent_cache.c, let's
finish the job in this patch.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Previously kernel message can show that in which function we do the
injection, but unfortunately, most of the caller are the same, for
tracking more information of injection path, it needs to show upper
caller's name. This patch supports that ability.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patches adds bitmaps to represent empty or full NAT blocks containing
free nid entries.
If we can find valid crc|cp_ver in the last block of checkpoint pack, we'll
use these bitmaps when building free nids. In order to avoid checkpointing
burden, up-to-date bitmaps will be flushed only during umount time. So,
normally we can get this gain, but when power-cut happens, we rely on fsck.f2fs
which recovers this bitmap again.
After this patch, we build free nids from nid #0 at mount time to make more
full NAT blocks, but in runtime, we check empty NAT blocks to load free nids
without loading any NAT pages from disk.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch replace rw semaphore extent_tree_lock with mutex lock
for no read cases with this lock.
Signed-off-by: Yunlei He <heyunlei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
We have a kernel thread to issue discard commands, so we can increase the
number of batched discard sections. By default, now it becomes 4GB range.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds MAX_DISCARD_BLOCKS() to avoid issuing too much large single
discard command.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
For foreground gc, greedy algorithm should be adapted, which makes
this formula work well:
(2 * (100 / config.overprovision + 1) + 6)
But currently, we fg_gc have a prior to select bg_gc victim segments to gc
first, these victims are selected by cost-benefit algorithm, we can't guarantee
such segments have the small valid blocks, which may destroy the f2fs rule, on
the worstest case, would consume all the free segments.
This patch fix this by add a filter in check_bg_victims, if segment's has # of
valid blocks over overprovision ratio, skip such segments.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Hou Pengyang <houpengyang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
It turns out a stakable filesystem like sdcardfs in AOSP can trigger multiple
vfs_create() to lower filesystem. In that case, f2fs will add multiple dentries
having same name which breaks filesystem consistency.
Until upper layer fixes, let's work around by f2fs, which shows actually not
much performance regression.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Currently, if we call fsync after updating the xattr date belongs to the
file, f2fs needs to trigger checkpoint to keep xattr data consistent. But,
this policy cause low performance as checkpoint will block most foreground
operations and cause unneeded and unrelated IOs around checkpoint.
This patch will reuse regular file recovery policy for xattr node block,
so, we change to write xattr node block tagged with fsync flag to warm
area instead of cold area, and during recovery, we search warm node chain
for fsynced xattr block, and do the recovery.
So, for below application IO pattern, performance can be improved
obviously:
- touch file
- create/update/delete xattr entry in file
- fsync file
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
If the cached bio has the last page's index, then we need to submit it.
Otherwise, we don't need to submit it and can wait for further IO merges.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch shows cached # of APPEND and UPDATE inode entries.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
1) Nine coding style warnings below have been resolved:
"Missing a blank line after declarations"
2) 435 coding style warnings below have been resolved:
"function definition argument 'x' should also have an identifier name"
3) Two coding style warnings below have been resolved:
"macros should not use a trailing semicolon"
Signed-off-by: DongOh Shin <doscode.kr@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Two coding style errors below have been resolved:
"Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses"
And a coding style error below has been resolved:
"space prohibited before that ',' (ctx:WxW)"
Signed-off-by: DongOh Shin <doscode.kr@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Sheng Yong reports needless preallocation if write(small_buffer, large_size)
is called.
In that case, f2fs preallocates large_size, but vfs returns early due to
small_buffer size. Let's detect it before preallocation phase in f2fs.
Reported-by: Sheng Yong <shengyong1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds stat information for flush and discard commands.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds a kernel thread to issue discard commands.
It proposes three states, D_PREP, D_SUBMIT, and D_DONE to identify current
bio status.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds discard_cmd_control with the existing discarding controls.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch simply cleans up the names for flush/discard commands.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds a mirror for nat version bitmap, and use it to detect
in-memory bitmap corruption which may be caused by bit-transition of
cache or memory overflow.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch introduces a new flag to indicate inode status of doing atomic
write committing, so that, we can keep atomic write status for inode
during atomic committing, then we can skip GCing pages of atomic write inode,
that avoids random GCed datas being mixed with current transaction, so
isolation of transaction can be kept.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
If there is no candidate to submit discard command during f2fs_trim_fs, let's
return without checkpoint.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Previously, each filesystem configured without encryption support would
define all the public fscrypt functions to their notsupp_* stubs. This
list of #defines had to be updated in every filesystem whenever a change
was made to the public fscrypt functions. To make things more
maintainable now that we have three filesystems using fscrypt, split the
old header fscrypto.h into several new headers. fscrypt_supp.h contains
the real declarations and is included by filesystems when configured
with encryption support, whereas fscrypt_notsupp.h contains the inline
stubs and is included by filesystems when configured without encryption
support. fscrypt_common.h contains common declarations needed by both.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
This patch relaxes async discard commands to avoid waiting its end_io during
checkpoint.
Instead of waiting them during checkpoint, it will be done when actually reusing
them.
Test on initial partition of nvme drive.
# time fstrim /mnt/test
Before : 6.158s
After : 4.822s
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds to show the max number of atomic operations which are
conducting concurrently.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch implements IO alignment by filling dummy blocks in DATA and NODE
write bios. If we can guarantee, for example, 32KB or 64KB for such the IOs,
we can eliminate underlying dummy page problem which FTL conducts in order to
close MLC or TLC partial written pages.
Note that,
- it requires "-o mode=lfs".
- IO size should be power of 2, not exceed BIO_MAX_PAGES, 256.
- read IO is still 4KB.
- do checkpoint at fsync, if dummy NODE page was written.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
There was an unnecessary amount of complexity around requesting the
filesystem-specific key prefix. It was unclear why; perhaps it was
envisioned that different instances of the same filesystem type could
use different key prefixes, or that key prefixes could be binary.
However, neither of those things were implemented or really make sense
at all. So simplify the code by making key_prefix a const char *.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
needed for both ext4 and xfs dax changes to use iomap for DAX. It
also includes the fscrypt branch which is needed for ubifs encryption
work as well as ext4 encryption and fscrypt cleanups.
Lots of cleanups and bug fixes, especially making sure ext4 is robust
against maliciously corrupted file systems --- especially maliciously
corrupted xattr blocks and a maliciously corrupted superblock. Also
fix ext4 support for 64k block sizes so it works well on ppcle. Fixed
mbcache so we don't miss some common xattr blocks that can be merged.
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Merge tag 'ext4_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4
Pull ext4 updates from Ted Ts'o:
"This merge request includes the dax-4.0-iomap-pmd branch which is
needed for both ext4 and xfs dax changes to use iomap for DAX. It also
includes the fscrypt branch which is needed for ubifs encryption work
as well as ext4 encryption and fscrypt cleanups.
Lots of cleanups and bug fixes, especially making sure ext4 is robust
against maliciously corrupted file systems --- especially maliciously
corrupted xattr blocks and a maliciously corrupted superblock. Also
fix ext4 support for 64k block sizes so it works well on ppcle. Fixed
mbcache so we don't miss some common xattr blocks that can be merged"
* tag 'ext4_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: (86 commits)
dax: Fix sleep in atomic contex in grab_mapping_entry()
fscrypt: Rename FS_WRITE_PATH_FL to FS_CTX_HAS_BOUNCE_BUFFER_FL
fscrypt: Delay bounce page pool allocation until needed
fscrypt: Cleanup page locking requirements for fscrypt_{decrypt,encrypt}_page()
fscrypt: Cleanup fscrypt_{decrypt,encrypt}_page()
fscrypt: Never allocate fscrypt_ctx on in-place encryption
fscrypt: Use correct index in decrypt path.
fscrypt: move the policy flags and encryption mode definitions to uapi header
fscrypt: move non-public structures and constants to fscrypt_private.h
fscrypt: unexport fscrypt_initialize()
fscrypt: rename get_crypt_info() to fscrypt_get_crypt_info()
fscrypto: move ioctl processing more fully into common code
fscrypto: remove unneeded Kconfig dependencies
MAINTAINERS: fscrypto: recommend linux-fsdevel for fscrypto patches
ext4: do not perform data journaling when data is encrypted
ext4: return -ENOMEM instead of success
ext4: reject inodes with negative size
ext4: remove another test in ext4_alloc_file_blocks()
Documentation: fix description of ext4's block_validity mount option
ext4: fix checks for data=ordered and journal_async_commit options
...
This patch series contains several performance tuning patches regarding to the
IO submission flow, in addition to supporting new features such as a ZBC-base
drive and multiple devices.
It also includes some major bug fixes such as:
- checkpoint version control
- fdatasync-related roll-forward recovery routine
- memory boundary or null-pointer access in corner cases
- missing error cases
It has various minor clean-up patches as well.
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Merge tag 'for-f2fs-4.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"This patch series contains several performance tuning patches
regarding to the IO submission flow, in addition to supporting new
features such as a ZBC-base drive and multiple devices.
It also includes some major bug fixes such as:
- checkpoint version control
- fdatasync-related roll-forward recovery routine
- memory boundary or null-pointer access in corner cases
- missing error cases
It has various minor clean-up patches as well"
* tag 'for-f2fs-4.10' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (66 commits)
f2fs: fix a missing size change in f2fs_setattr
f2fs: fix to access nullified flush_cmd_control pointer
f2fs: free meta pages if sanity check for ckpt is failed
f2fs: detect wrong layout
f2fs: call sync_fs when f2fs is idle
Revert "f2fs: use percpu_counter for # of dirty pages in inode"
f2fs: return AOP_WRITEPAGE_ACTIVATE for writepage
f2fs: do not activate auto_recovery for fallocated i_size
f2fs: fix to determine start_cp_addr by sbi->cur_cp_pack
f2fs: fix 32-bit build
f2fs: set ->owner for debugfs status file's file_operations
f2fs: fix incorrect free inode count in ->statfs
f2fs: drop duplicate header timer.h
f2fs: fix wrong AUTO_RECOVER condition
f2fs: do not recover i_size if it's valid
f2fs: fix fdatasync
f2fs: fix to account total free nid correctly
f2fs: fix an infinite loop when flush nodes in cp
f2fs: don't wait writeback for datas during checkpoint
f2fs: fix wrong written_valid_blocks counting
...
Multiple bugs were recently fixed in the "set encryption policy" ioctl.
To make it clear that fscrypt_process_policy() and fscrypt_get_policy()
implement ioctls and therefore their implementations must take standard
security and correctness precautions, rename them to
fscrypt_ioctl_set_policy() and fscrypt_ioctl_get_policy(). Make the
latter take in a struct file * to make it consistent with the former.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
f2fs_sync_file() remount_ro
- f2fs_readonly
- destroy_flush_cmd_control
- f2fs_issue_flush
- no fcc pointer!
So, this patch doesn't free fcc in this case, but just stop its kernel thread
which sends flush commands.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This reverts commit 1beba1b3a9.
The perpcu_counter doesn't provide atomicity in single core and consume more
DRAM. That incurs fs_mark test failure due to ENOMEM.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 4.7+
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
If a file needs to keep its i_size by fallocate, we need to turn off auto
recovery during roll-forward recovery.
This will resolve the below scenario.
1. xfs_io -f /mnt/f2fs/file -c "pwrite 0 4096" -c "fsync"
2. xfs_io -f /mnt/f2fs/file -c "falloc -k 4096 4096" -c "fsync"
3. md5sum /mnt/f2fs/file;
4. godown /mnt/f2fs/
5. umount /mnt/f2fs/
6. mount -t f2fs /dev/sdx /mnt/f2fs
7. md5sum /mnt/f2fs/file
Reported-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
We don't guarantee cp_addr is fixed by cp_version.
This is to sync with f2fs-tools.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
For below two cases, we can't guarantee data consistence:
a)
1. xfs_io "pwrite 0 4195328" "fsync"
2. xfs_io "pwrite 4195328 1024" "fdatasync"
3. godown
4. umount & mount
--> isize we updated before fdatasync won't be recovered
b)
1. xfs_io "pwrite -S 0xcc 0 4202496" "fsync"
2. xfs_io "fpunch 4194304 4096" "fdatasync"
3. godown
4. umount & mount
--> dnode we punched before fdatasync won't be recovered
The reason is that normally fdatasync won't be aware of modification
of metadata in file, e.g. isize changing, dnode updating, so in ->fsync
we will skip flushing node pages for above cases, result in making
fdatasynced file being lost during recovery.
Currently we have introduced DIRTY_META global list in sbi for tracking
dirty inode selectively, so in fdatasync we can choose to flush nodes
depend on dirty state of current inode in the list.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Thread A Thread B Thread C
- f2fs_create
- f2fs_new_inode
- f2fs_lock_op
- alloc_nid
alloc last nid
- f2fs_unlock_op
- f2fs_create
- f2fs_new_inode
- f2fs_lock_op
- alloc_nid
as node count still not
be increased, we will
loop in alloc_nid
- f2fs_write_node_pages
- f2fs_balance_fs_bg
- f2fs_sync_fs
- write_checkpoint
- block_operations
- f2fs_lock_all
- f2fs_lock_op
While creating new inode, we do not allocate and account nid atomically,
so that when there is almost no free nids left, we may encounter deadloop
like above stack.
In order to avoid that, reuse nm_i::available_nids for accounting free nids
and make nid allocation and counting being atomical during node creation.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Normally, while committing checkpoint, we will wait on all pages to be
writebacked no matter the page is data or metadata, so in scenario where
there are lots of data IO being submitted with metadata, we may suffer
long latency for waiting writeback during checkpoint.
Indeed, we only care about persistence for pages with metadata, but not
pages with data, as file system consistent are only related to metadate,
so in order to avoid encountering long latency in above scenario, let's
recognize and reference metadata in submitted IOs, wait writeback only
for metadatas.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
If many threads hit has_not_enough_free_secs() in f2fs_balance_fs() at the same
time, all the threads would do FG_GC or BG_GC.
In this critical path, we totally don't need to do BG_GC at all.
Let's avoid that.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch implements multiple devices support for f2fs.
Given multiple devices by mkfs.f2fs, f2fs shows them entirely as one big
volume under one f2fs instance.
Internal block management is very simple, but we will modify block allocation
and background GC policy to boost IO speed by exploiting them accoording to
each device speed.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Now we don't need to be too much careful about storage alignment for dio, since
its speed becomes quite fast and we'd better avoid any misalignment first.
Revert: 38aa0889b2 (f2fs: align direct_io'ed data to section)
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
With the zoned block device feature enabled, section discard
need to do a zone reset for sections contained in sequential
zones, and a regular discard (if supported) for sections
stored in conventional zones. Avoid the need for a costly
report zones to obtain a section zone type when discarding it
by caching the types of the device zones in the super block
information. This cache is initialized at mount time for mounts
with the zoned block device feature enabled.
Signed-off-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Zone write pointer reset acts as discard for zoned block
devices. So if the zoned block device feature is enabled,
always declare that discard is enabled, even if the device
does not actually support the command.
For the same reason, prevent the use the "nodicard" mount
option.
Signed-off-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
SMR stands for "Shingled Magnetic Recording" which makes sense
only for hard disk drives (spinning rust). The ZBC/ZAC standards
enable management of SMR disks, but solid state drives may also
support those standards. So rename the HMSMR feature to BLKZONED
to avoid a HDD centric terminology. For the same reason, rename
f2fs_sb_mounted_hmsmr to f2fs_sb_mounted_blkzoned.
Signed-off-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Report error of f2fs_fill_dentries to ->iterate_shared, otherwise when
error ocurrs, user may just list part of dirents in target directory
without any hints.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch removes percpu_count usage due to performance regression in iozone.
Fixes: 523be8a6b3 ("f2fs: use percpu_counter for page counters")
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This is to avoid no free segment bug during checkpoint caused by a number of
dirty inodes.
The case was reported by Chao like this.
1. mount with lazytime option
2. fill 4k file until disk is full
3. sync filesystem
4. read all files in the image
5. umount
In this case, we actually don't need to flush dirty inode to inode page during
checkpoint.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Let build_free_nids support sync/async methods, in allocation flow of nids,
we use synchronuous method, so that we can avoid looping in alloc_nid when
free memory is low; in unblock_operations and f2fs_balance_fs_bg we use
asynchronuous method in where low memory condition can interrupt us.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
During free nid allocation, in order to do preallocation, we will tag free
nid entry as allocated one and still leave it in free nid list, for other
allocators who want to grab free nids, it needs to traverse the free nid
list for lookup. It becomes overhead in scenario of allocating free nid
intensively by multithreads.
This patch splits free nid list to two list: {free,alloc}_nid_list, to
keep free nids and preallocated free nids separately, after that, traverse
latency will be gone, besides split nid_cnt for separate statistic.
Additionally, introduce __insert_nid_to_list and __remove_nid_from_list for
cleanup.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
[Jaegeuk Kim: modify f2fs_bug_on to avoid needless branches]
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Now that we don't need the common flags to overflow outside the range
of a 32-bit type we can encode them the same way for both the bio and
request fields. This in addition allows us to place the operation
first (and make some room for more ops while we're at it) and to
stop having to shift around the operation values.
In addition this allows passing around only one value in the block layer
instead of two (and eventuall also in the file systems, but we can do
that later) and thus clean up a lot of code.
Last but not least this allows decreasing the size of the cmd_flags
field in struct request to 32-bits. Various functions passing this
value could also be updated, but I'd like to avoid the churn for now.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
This patch adds to support checkpoint error injection in f2fs for testing
fatal error tolerance, it will be useful that it can simulate abnormal
power off by f2fs itself instead of calling godown ioctl by running apps.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Previously, we only support global fault injection configuration, so that
when we configure type/rate of fault injection through sysfs, mount
option, it will influence all f2fs partition which is being used.
It is not make sence, since it will be not convenient if developer want
to test separated partitions with different fault injection rate/type
simultaneously, also it's not possible to enable fault injection in one
partition and disable fault injection in other one.
>From now on, we move global configuration of fault injection in module
into per-superblock, hence injection testing can be more flexible.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch improves the migration of dirty pages and allows migrating atomic
written pages that F2FS uses in Page Cache. Instead of the fallback releasing
page path, it provides better performance for memory compaction, CMA and other
users of memory page migrating. For dirty pages, there is no need to write back
first when migrating. For an atomic written page before committing, we can
migrate the page and update the related 'inmem_pages' list at the same time.
Signed-off-by: Weichao Guo <guoweichao@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
[Jaegeuk Kim: fix some coding style]
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch introduces spinlock to protect updating process of ckpt_flags
field in struct f2fs_checkpoint, it avoids incorrectly updating in race
condition.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
[Jaegeuk Kim: add __is_set_ckpt_flags likewise __set_ckpt_flags]
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Making updating of sbi flag atomic by using {test,set,clear}_bit,
otherwise in concurrency scenario, the flag could be updated incorrectly.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Previously, we used cp_version only to detect recoverable dnodes.
In order to avoid same garbage cp_version, we needed to truncate the next
dnode during checkpoint, resulting in additional discard or data write.
If we can distinguish this by using crc in addition to cp_version, we can
remove this overhead.
There is backward compatibility concern where it changes node_footer layout.
So, this patch introduces a new checkpoint flag, CP_CRC_RECOVERY_FLAG, to
detect new layout. New layout will be activated only when this flag is set.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds to support IO error injection for testing IO error
tolerance of f2fs.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
There is no more user of f2fs_filetype_table outside of dir.c, make it
static.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Add roll-forward recovery process for encrypted dentry, so the first fsync
issued to an encrypted file does not need writing checkpoint.
This improves the performance of the following test at thousands of small
files: open -> write -> fsync -> close
Signed-off-by: Shuoran Liu <liushuoran@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
[Jaegeuk Kim: modify kernel message to show encrypted names]
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch enhances the xattr consistency of dirs from suddern power-cuts.
Possible scenario would be:
1. dir->setxattr used by per-file encryption
2. file->setxattr goes into inline_xattr
3. file->fsync
In that case, we should do checkpoint for #1.
Otherwise we'd lose dir's key information for the file given #2.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Like most filesystems, f2fs will issue discard command synchronously, so
when user trigger fstrim through ioctl, multiple discard commands will be
issued serially with sync mode, which makes poor performance.
In this patch we try to support async discard, so that all discard
commands can be issued and be waited for endio in batch to improve
performance.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
When creating new inode, security_inode_init_security will be called for
initializing security info related to the inode, and filename is passed to
security module, it helps security module such as SElinux to know which
rule or label could be applied for the inode with specified name.
Previously, if new inode is created as an encrypted one, f2fs will transfer
encrypted filename to security module which may fail the check of security
policy belong to the inode. So in order to this issue, alter to transfer
original unencrypted filename instead.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
We don't guarantee integrity of user data after checkpoint, since we only
guarantee meta data integrity for data consistency of filesystem.
Due to above reason, we only need to set fs as dirty when meta data is
updated, so that we can skip writing checkpoint in some case of non-meta
data is updated.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch add discard block count to sys entry of f2fs status
Signed-off-by: Yunlei He <heyunlei@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
LKP reported -36.3% regression of fsmark.files_per_sec due to this patch.
I've confirmed that fxmark [1] has also slight regression for DWAL.
[1] https://github.com/sslab-gatech/fxmark
This reverts commit ec795418c4.
Pull qstr constification updates from Al Viro:
"Fairly self-contained bunch - surprising lot of places passes struct
qstr * as an argument when const struct qstr * would suffice; it
complicates analysis for no good reason.
I'd prefer to feed that separately from the assorted fixes (those are
in #for-linus and with somewhat trickier topology)"
* 'work.const-qstr' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
qstr: constify instances in adfs
qstr: constify instances in lustre
qstr: constify instances in f2fs
qstr: constify instances in ext2
qstr: constify instances in vfat
qstr: constify instances in procfs
qstr: constify instances in fuse
qstr constify instances in fs/dcache.c
qstr: constify instances in nfs
qstr: constify instances in ocfs2
qstr: constify instances in autofs4
qstr: constify instances in hfs
qstr: constify instances in hfsplus
qstr: constify instances in logfs
qstr: constify dentry_init_security
replacing redundant inode page updates with mark_inode_dirty calls. And we tried
to reduce lock contentions as well to improve filesystem scalability.
Other feature is setting F2FS automatically when detecting host-managed SMR.
= Enhancement =
- ioctl to move a range of data between files
- inject orphan inode errors
- avoid flush commands congestion
- support lazytime
= Bug fixes =
- return proper results for some dentry operations
- fix deadlock in add_link failure
- disable extent_cache for fcollapse/finsert
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Merge tag 'for-f2fs-4.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"The major change in this version is mitigating cpu overheads on write
paths by replacing redundant inode page updates with mark_inode_dirty
calls. And we tried to reduce lock contentions as well to improve
filesystem scalability. Other feature is setting F2FS automatically
when detecting host-managed SMR.
Enhancements:
- ioctl to move a range of data between files
- inject orphan inode errors
- avoid flush commands congestion
- support lazytime
Bug fixes:
- return proper results for some dentry operations
- fix deadlock in add_link failure
- disable extent_cache for fcollapse/finsert"
* tag 'for-f2fs-4.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (68 commits)
f2fs: clean up coding style and redundancy
f2fs: get victim segment again after new cp
f2fs: handle error case with f2fs_bug_on
f2fs: avoid data race when deciding checkpoin in f2fs_sync_file
f2fs: support an ioctl to move a range of data blocks
f2fs: fix to report error number of f2fs_find_entry
f2fs: avoid memory allocation failure due to a long length
f2fs: reset default idle interval value
f2fs: use blk_plug in all the possible paths
f2fs: fix to avoid data update racing between GC and DIO
f2fs: add maximum prefree segments
f2fs: disable extent_cache for fcollapse/finsert inodes
f2fs: refactor __exchange_data_block for speed up
f2fs: fix ERR_PTR returned by bio
f2fs: avoid mark_inode_dirty
f2fs: move i_size_write in f2fs_write_end
f2fs: fix to avoid redundant discard during fstrim
f2fs: avoid mismatching block range for discard
f2fs: fix incorrect f_bfree calculation in ->statfs
f2fs: use percpu_rw_semaphore
...
When fs utilization is almost full, f2fs_sync_file should do checkpoint if
there is not enough space for roll-forward later. (i.e. space_for_roll_forward)
So, currently we have no lock for sbi->alloc_valid_block_count, resulting in
race condition.
In rare case, we can get -ENOSPC when doing roll-forward which triggers
if (is_valid_blkaddr(sbi, dest, META_POR)) {
if (src == NULL_ADDR) {
err = reserve_new_block(&dn);
f2fs_bug_on(sbi, err);
...
}
...
}
in do_recover_data.
So, this patch avoids that situation in advance.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch fixes to report the right error number of f2fs_find_entry to
its caller.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
The default value of idle interval is 2 mins, but for most time when
screen shutdown, there are still operations during the 2 mins interval,
and gc's sleep time is about 30 secs to 60 secs, so there is almost no
chance for GC thread to do garbage collecting.
Set default value of idle interval value from 2 mins to 5 secs for
fixing.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Datas in file can be operated by GC and DIO simultaneously, so we will
face race case as below:
For write case:
Thread A Thread B
- generic_file_direct_write
- invalidate_inode_pages2_range
- f2fs_direct_IO
- do_blockdev_direct_IO
- do_direct_IO
- get_more_blocks
- f2fs_gc
- do_garbage_collect
- gc_data_segment
- move_data_page
- do_write_data_page
migrate data block to new block address
- dio_bio_submit
update user data to old block address
For read case:
Thread A Thread B
- generic_file_direct_write
- invalidate_inode_pages2_range
- f2fs_direct_IO
- do_blockdev_direct_IO
- do_direct_IO
- get_more_blocks
- f2fs_balance_fs
- f2fs_gc
- do_garbage_collect
- gc_data_segment
- move_data_page
- do_write_data_page
migrate data block to new block address
- write_checkpoint
- do_checkpoint
- clear_prefree_segments
- f2fs_issue_discard
discard old block adress
- dio_bio_submit
update user buffer from obsolete block address
In order to fix this, for one file, we should let DIO and GC getting exclusion
against with each other.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds f2fs_set_page_dirty_nobuffer() copied from __set_page_dirty_buffer.
When appending 4KB blocks in f2fs on pmem with multiple cores, this improves the
overall performance.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
The readahead nat pages are more likely to be reclaimed quickly, so it'd better
to gather more free nids in advance.
And, let's keep some free nids as much as possible.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
If dotdot directory is corrupted, its slot may be ocupied by another
file. In this case, dentry[1] is not the parent directory. Rename and
cross-rename will update the inode in dentry[1] incorrectly. This
patch finds dotdot dentry by name.
Signed-off-by: Sheng Yong <shengyong1@huawei.com>
[Jaegeuk Kim: remove wron bug_on]
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This mount option is to enable original log-structured filesystem forcefully.
So, there should be no random writes for main area.
Especially, this supports host-managed SMR device.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
There is a data race between allocate_data_block() and f2fs_sbumit_page_mbio(),
which incur unnecessary reversed bio submission.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Separate the op from the rq_flag_bits and have f2fs
set/get the bio using bio_set_op_attrs/bio_op.
Signed-off-by: Mike Christie <mchristi@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
This patch removes writepages lock.
We can improve multi-threading performance.
tiobench, 32 threads, 4KB write per fsync on SSD
Before: 25.88 MB/s
After: 28.03 MB/s
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
If flush commands do not incur any congestion, we don't need to throw that to
dispatching queue which causes unnecessary latency.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch reduces to call them across the whole tree.
- sync_inode_page()
- update_inode_page()
- update_inode()
- f2fs_write_inode()
Instead, checkpoint will flush all the dirty inode metadata before syncing
node pages.
Note that, this is doable, since we call mark_inode_dirty_sync() for all
inode's field change which needs to update on-disk inode as well.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch calls mark_inode_dirty_sync() for the following on-disk inode
changes.
-> largest
-> ctime/mtime/atime
-> i_current_depth
-> i_xattr_nid
-> i_pino
-> i_advise
-> i_flags
-> i_mode
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch introduces f2fs_i_links_write() to call mark_inode_dirty_sync() when
changing inode->i_links.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch introduces f2fs_i_blocks_write() to call mark_inode_dirty_sync() when
changing inode->i_blocks.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch introduces a new struct f2fs_fault_info and a global f2fs_fault
to save fault injection status. Fault injection entries are created in
/sys/fs/f2fs/fault_injection/ during initializing f2fs module.
Signed-off-by: Sheng Yong <shengyong1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch introduces reserve_new_blocks to make preallocation of multi
blocks as in batch operation, so it can avoid lots of redundant
operation, result in better performance.
In virtual machine, with rotational device:
time fallocate -l 32G /mnt/f2fs/file
Before:
real 0m4.584s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m4.580s
After:
real 0m0.292s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.272s
In x86, with SSD:
time fallocate -l 500G $MNT/testfile
Before : 24.758 s
After : 1.604 s
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
[Jaegeuk Kim: fix bugs and add performance numbers measured in x86.]
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
When testing f2fs with inline_dentry option, generic/342 reports:
VFS: Busy inodes after unmount of dm-0. Self-destruct in 5 seconds. Have a nice day...
After rmmod f2fs module, kenrel shows following dmesg:
=============================================================================
BUG f2fs_inode_cache (Tainted: G O ): Objects remaining in f2fs_inode_cache on __kmem_cache_shutdown()
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint
INFO: Slab 0xf51ca0e0 objects=22 used=1 fp=0xd1e6fc60 flags=0x40004080
CPU: 3 PID: 7455 Comm: rmmod Tainted: G B O 4.6.0-rc4+ #16
Hardware name: innotek GmbH VirtualBox/VirtualBox, BIOS VirtualBox 12/01/2006
00000086 00000086 d062fe18 c13a83a0 f51ca0e0 d062fe38 d062fea4 c11c7276
c1981040 f51ca0e0 00000016 00000001 d1e6fc60 40004080 656a624f 20737463
616d6572 6e696e69 6e692067 66326620 6e695f73 5f65646f 68636163 6e6f2065
Call Trace:
[<c13a83a0>] dump_stack+0x5f/0x8f
[<c11c7276>] slab_err+0x76/0x80
[<c11cbfc0>] ? __kmem_cache_shutdown+0x100/0x2f0
[<c11cbfc0>] ? __kmem_cache_shutdown+0x100/0x2f0
[<c11cbfe5>] __kmem_cache_shutdown+0x125/0x2f0
[<c1198a38>] kmem_cache_destroy+0x158/0x1f0
[<c176b43d>] ? mutex_unlock+0xd/0x10
[<f8f15aa3>] exit_f2fs_fs+0x4b/0x5a8 [f2fs]
[<c10f596c>] SyS_delete_module+0x16c/0x1d0
[<c1001b10>] ? do_fast_syscall_32+0x30/0x1c0
[<c13c59bf>] ? __this_cpu_preempt_check+0xf/0x20
[<c10afa7d>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_caller+0xdd/0x210
[<c10ad50b>] ? trace_hardirqs_off+0xb/0x10
[<c1001b81>] do_fast_syscall_32+0xa1/0x1c0
[<c176d888>] sysenter_past_esp+0x45/0x74
INFO: Object 0xd1e6d9e0 @offset=6624
kmem_cache_destroy f2fs_inode_cache: Slab cache still has objects
CPU: 3 PID: 7455 Comm: rmmod Tainted: G B O 4.6.0-rc4+ #16
Hardware name: innotek GmbH VirtualBox/VirtualBox, BIOS VirtualBox 12/01/2006
00000286 00000286 d062fef4 c13a83a0 f174b000 d062ff14 d062ff28 c1198ac7
c197fe18 f3c5b980 d062ff20 000d04f2 d062ff0c d062ff0c d062ff14 d062ff14
f8f20dc0 fffffff5 d062e000 d062ff30 f8f15aa3 d062ff7c c10f596c 73663266
Call Trace:
[<c13a83a0>] dump_stack+0x5f/0x8f
[<c1198ac7>] kmem_cache_destroy+0x1e7/0x1f0
[<f8f15aa3>] exit_f2fs_fs+0x4b/0x5a8 [f2fs]
[<c10f596c>] SyS_delete_module+0x16c/0x1d0
[<c1001b10>] ? do_fast_syscall_32+0x30/0x1c0
[<c13c59bf>] ? __this_cpu_preempt_check+0xf/0x20
[<c10afa7d>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_caller+0xdd/0x210
[<c10ad50b>] ? trace_hardirqs_off+0xb/0x10
[<c1001b81>] do_fast_syscall_32+0xa1/0x1c0
[<c176d888>] sysenter_past_esp+0x45/0x74
The reason is: in recovery flow, we use delayed iput mechanism for directory
which has recovered dentry block. It means the reference of inode will be
held until last dirty dentry page being writebacked.
But when we mount f2fs with inline_dentry option, during recovery, dirent
may only be recovered into dir inode page rather than dentry page, so there
are no chance for us to release inode reference in ->writepage when
writebacking last dentry page.
We can call paired iget/iput explicityly for inline_dentry case, but for
non-inline_dentry case, iput will call writeback_single_inode to write all
data pages synchronously, but during recovery, ->writepages of f2fs skips
writing all pages, result in losing dirent.
This patch fixes this issue by obsoleting old mechanism, and introduce a
new dir_list to hold all directory inodes which has recovered datas until
finishing recovery.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch allows fscrypto to handle a second key prefix given by filesystem.
The main reason is to provide backward compatibility, since previously f2fs
used "f2fs:" as a crypto prefix instead of "fscrypt:".
Later, ext4 should also provide key_prefix() to give "ext4:".
One concern decribed by Ted would be kinda double check overhead of prefixes.
In x86, for example, validate_user_key consumes 8 ms after boot-up, which turns
out derive_key_aes() consumed most of the time to load specific crypto module.
After such the cold miss, it shows almost zero latencies, which treats as a
negligible overhead.
Note that request_key() detects wrong prefix in prior to derive_key_aes() even.
Cc: Ted Tso <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.6
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
For foreground GC, we cache node blocks in victim section and set them
dirty, then we call sync_node_pages to flush these node pages, but
meanwhile, those node pages which does not locate in victim section
will be flushed together, so more bandwidth and continuous free space
would be occupied.
So for this condition, it's better to leave those unrelated node page
in cache for further write hit, and let CP or VM to flush them afterward.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In order to give atomic writes, we should consider power failure during
sync_node_pages in fsync.
So, this patch marks fsync flag only in the last dnode block.
Acked-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch splits the existing sync_node_pages into (f)sync_node_pages.
The fsync_node_pages is used for f2fs_sync_file only.
Acked-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
With below serials, we will lose parts of dirents:
1) mount f2fs with inline_dentry option
2) echo 1 > /sys/fs/f2fs/sdX/dir_level
3) mkdir dir
4) touch 180 files named [1-180] in dir
5) touch 181 in dir
6) echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
7) ll dir
ls: cannot access 2: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access 4: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access 5: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access 6: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access 8: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access 9: No such file or directory
...
total 360
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb 19 15:12 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Feb 19 15:11 ../
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Feb 19 15:12 1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Feb 19 15:12 10
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Feb 19 15:12 100
-????????? ? ? ? ? ? 101
-????????? ? ? ? ? ? 102
-????????? ? ? ? ? ? 103
...
The reason is: when doing the inline dir conversion, we didn't consider
that directory has hierarchical hash structure which can be configured
through sysfs interface 'dir_level'.
By default, dir_level of directory inode is 0, it means we have one bucket
in hash table located in first level, all dirents will be hashed in this
bucket, so it has no problem for us to do the duplication simply between
inline dentry page and converted normal dentry page.
However, if we configured dir_level with the value N (greater than 0), it
will expand the bucket number of first level hash table by 2^N - 1, it
hashs dirents into different buckets according their hash value, if we
still move all dirents to first bucket, it makes incorrent locating for
inline dirents, the result is, although we can iterate all dirents through
->readdir, we can't stat some of them in ->lookup which based on hash
table searching.
This patch fixes this issue by rehashing dirents into correct position
when converting inline directory.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds a sbi flag, SBI_NEED_SB_WRITE, which indicates it needs to
recover superblock when (re)mounting as RW. This is set only when f2fs is
mounted as RO.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
PAGE_CACHE_{SIZE,SHIFT,MASK,ALIGN} macros were introduced *long* time
ago with promise that one day it will be possible to implement page
cache with bigger chunks than PAGE_SIZE.
This promise never materialized. And unlikely will.
We have many places where PAGE_CACHE_SIZE assumed to be equal to
PAGE_SIZE. And it's constant source of confusion on whether
PAGE_CACHE_* or PAGE_* constant should be used in a particular case,
especially on the border between fs and mm.
Global switching to PAGE_CACHE_SIZE != PAGE_SIZE would cause to much
breakage to be doable.
Let's stop pretending that pages in page cache are special. They are
not.
The changes are pretty straight-forward:
- <foo> << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT) -> <foo>;
- <foo> >> (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT) -> <foo>;
- PAGE_CACHE_{SIZE,SHIFT,MASK,ALIGN} -> PAGE_{SIZE,SHIFT,MASK,ALIGN};
- page_cache_get() -> get_page();
- page_cache_release() -> put_page();
This patch contains automated changes generated with coccinelle using
script below. For some reason, coccinelle doesn't patch header files.
I've called spatch for them manually.
The only adjustment after coccinelle is revert of changes to
PAGE_CAHCE_ALIGN definition: we are going to drop it later.
There are few places in the code where coccinelle didn't reach. I'll
fix them manually in a separate patch. Comments and documentation also
will be addressed with the separate patch.
virtual patch
@@
expression E;
@@
- E << (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT)
+ E
@@
expression E;
@@
- E >> (PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT - PAGE_SHIFT)
+ E
@@
@@
- PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT
+ PAGE_SHIFT
@@
@@
- PAGE_CACHE_SIZE
+ PAGE_SIZE
@@
@@
- PAGE_CACHE_MASK
+ PAGE_MASK
@@
expression E;
@@
- PAGE_CACHE_ALIGN(E)
+ PAGE_ALIGN(E)
@@
expression E;
@@
- page_cache_get(E)
+ get_page(E)
@@
expression E;
@@
- page_cache_release(E)
+ put_page(E)
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The crc function is done bit by bit.
Optimize this by use cryptoapi
crc32 function which is backed by h/w acceleration.
Signed-off-by: Keith Mok <ek9852@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds the renamed functions moved from the f2fs crypto files.
1. definitions for per-file encryption used by ext4 and f2fs.
2. crypto.c for encrypt/decrypt functions
a. IO preparation:
- fscrypt_get_ctx / fscrypt_release_ctx
b. before IOs:
- fscrypt_encrypt_page
- fscrypt_decrypt_page
- fscrypt_zeroout_range
c. after IOs:
- fscrypt_decrypt_bio_pages
- fscrypt_pullback_bio_page
- fscrypt_restore_control_page
3. policy.c supporting context management.
a. For ioctls:
- fscrypt_process_policy
- fscrypt_get_policy
b. For context permission
- fscrypt_has_permitted_context
- fscrypt_inherit_context
4. keyinfo.c to handle permissions
- fscrypt_get_encryption_info
- fscrypt_free_encryption_info
5. fname.c to support filename encryption
a. general wrapper functions
- fscrypt_fname_disk_to_usr
- fscrypt_fname_usr_to_disk
- fscrypt_setup_filename
- fscrypt_free_filename
b. specific filename handling functions
- fscrypt_fname_alloc_buffer
- fscrypt_fname_free_buffer
6. Makefile and Kconfig
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ftp.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Michael Halcrow <mhalcrow@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ildar Muslukhov <ildarm@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Uday Savagaonkar <savagaon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
f2fs_lock_all() calls down_write_nest_lock() to acquire a rw_sem and check
a mutex, but down_write_nest_lock() is designed for two rw_sem accoring to the
comment in include/linux/rwsem.h. And, other than f2fs, it is just called in
mm/mmap.c with two rwsem.
So, it looks it is used wrongly by f2fs. And, it causes the below compile
warning on -rt kernel too.
In file included from fs/f2fs/xattr.c:25:0:
fs/f2fs/f2fs.h: In function 'f2fs_lock_all':
fs/f2fs/f2fs.h:962:34: warning: passing argument 2 of 'down_write_nest_lock' from incompatible pointer type [-Wincompatible-pointer-types]
f2fs_down_write(&sbi->cp_rwsem, &sbi->cp_mutex);
^
fs/f2fs/f2fs.h:27:55: note: in definition of macro 'f2fs_down_write'
#define f2fs_down_write(x, y) down_write_nest_lock(x, y)
^
In file included from include/linux/rwsem.h:22:0,
from fs/f2fs/xattr.c:21:
include/linux/rwsem_rt.h:138:20: note: expected 'struct rw_semaphore *' but argument is of type 'struct mutex *'
static inline void down_write_nest_lock(struct rw_semaphore *sem,
Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Add a new helper f2fs_flush_merged_bios to clean up redundant codes.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Add a new help f2fs_update_data_blkaddr to clean up redundant codes.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
For now, flow of GCing an encrypted data page:
1) try to grab meta page in meta inode's mapping with index of old block
address of that data page
2) load data of ciphertext into meta page
3) allocate new block address
4) write the meta page into new block address
5) update block address pointer in direct node page.
Other reader/writer will use f2fs_wait_on_encrypted_page_writeback to
check and wait on GCed encrypted data cached in meta page writebacked
in order to avoid inconsistence among data page cache, meta page cache
and data on-disk when updating.
However, we will use new block address updated in step 5) as an index to
lookup meta page in inner bio buffer. That would be wrong, and we will
never find the GCing meta page, since we use the old block address as
index of that page in step 1).
This patch fixes the issue by adjust the order of step 1) and step 3),
and in step 1) grab page with index generated in step 3).
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
>From the function name of get_valid_checkpoint, it seems to return
the valid cp or NULL for caller to check. If no valid one is found,
f2fs_fill_super will print the err log. But if get_valid_checkpoint
get one valid(the return value indicate that it's valid, however actually
it is invalid after sanity checking), then print another similar err
log. That seems strange. Let's keep sanity checking inside the procedure
of geting valid cp. Another improvement we gained from this move is
that even the large volume is supported, we check the cp in advanced
to skip the following procedure if failing the sanity checking.
Signed-off-by: Shawn Lin <shawn.lin@rock-chips.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adopts f2fs with codes of ext4, it removes unneeded memory
allocation in creating/accessing path of symlink.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
f2fs support atomic write with following semantics:
1. open db file
2. ioctl start atomic write
3. (write db file) * n
4. ioctl commit atomic write
5. close db file
With this flow we can avoid file becoming corrupted when abnormal power
cut, because we hold data of transaction in referenced pages linked in
inmem_pages list of inode, but without setting them dirty, so these data
won't be persisted unless we commit them in step 4.
But we should still hold journal db file in memory by using volatile
write, because our semantics of 'atomic write support' is incomplete, in
step 4, we could fail to submit all dirty data of transaction, once
partial dirty data was committed in storage, then after a checkpoint &
abnormal power-cut, db file will be corrupted forever.
So this patch tries to improve atomic write flow by adding a revoking flow,
once inner error occurs in committing, this gives another chance to try to
revoke these partial submitted data of current transaction, it makes
committing operation more like aotmical one.
If we're not lucky, once revoking operation was failed, EAGAIN will be
reported to user for suggesting doing the recovery with held journal file,
or retrying current transaction again.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Split drop_inmem_pages from commit_inmem_pages for code readability,
and prepare for the following modification.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao2.yu@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
