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sched/pelt: Add a new runnable average signal

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Now that runnable_load_avg has been removed, we can replace it by a new
signal that will highlight the runnable pressure on a cfs_rq. This signal
track the waiting time of tasks on rq and can help to better define the
state of rqs.

At now, only util_avg is used to define the state of a rq:
  A rq with more that around 80% of utilization and more than 1 tasks is
  considered as overloaded.

But the util_avg signal of a rq can become temporaly low after that a task
migrated onto another rq which can bias the classification of the rq.

When tasks compete for the same rq, their runnable average signal will be
higher than util_avg as it will include the waiting time and we can use
this signal to better classify cfs_rqs.

The new runnable_avg will track the runnable time of a task which simply
adds the waiting time to the running time. The runnable _avg of cfs_rq
will be the /Sum of se's runnable_avg and the runnable_avg of group entity
will follow the one of the rq similarly to util_avg.

Signed-off-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: "Dietmar Eggemann <dietmar.eggemann@arm.com>"
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Valentin Schneider <valentin.schneider@arm.com>
Cc: Phil Auld <pauld@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hdanton@sina.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200224095223.13361-9-mgorman@techsingularity.net
This commit is contained in:
Vincent Guittot 2020-02-24 09:52:18 +00:00 committed by Ingo Molnar
parent 0dacee1bfa
commit 9f68395333
5 changed files with 142 additions and 31 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

26
include/linux/sched.h
View File

@ -356,28 +356,30 @@ struct util_est {
} __attribute__((__aligned__(sizeof(u64))));
/*
* The load_avg/util_avg accumulates an infinite geometric series
* The load/runnable/util_avg accumulates an infinite geometric series
* (see __update_load_avg_cfs_rq() in kernel/sched/pelt.c).
*
* [load_avg definition]
*
* load_avg = runnable% * scale_load_down(load)
*
* where runnable% is the time ratio that a sched_entity is runnable.
* For cfs_rq, it is the aggregated load_avg of all runnable and
* blocked sched_entities.
* [runnable_avg definition]
*
* runnable_avg = runnable% * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE
*
* [util_avg definition]
*
* util_avg = running% * SCHED_CAPACITY_SCALE
*
* where running% is the time ratio that a sched_entity is running on
* a CPU. For cfs_rq, it is the aggregated util_avg of all runnable
* and blocked sched_entities.
* where runnable% is the time ratio that a sched_entity is runnable and
* running% the time ratio that a sched_entity is running.
*
* load_avg and util_avg don't direcly factor frequency scaling and CPU
* capacity scaling. The scaling is done through the rq_clock_pelt that
* is used for computing those signals (see update_rq_clock_pelt())
* For cfs_rq, they are the aggregated values of all runnable and blocked
* sched_entities.
*
* The load/runnable/util_avg doesn't direcly factor frequency scaling and CPU
* capacity scaling. The scaling is done through the rq_clock_pelt that is used
* for computing those signals (see update_rq_clock_pelt())
*
* N.B., the above ratios (runnable% and running%) themselves are in the
* range of [0, 1]. To do fixed point arithmetics, we therefore scale them
@ -401,9 +403,11 @@ struct util_est {
struct sched_avg {
u64 last_update_time;
u64 load_sum;
u64 runnable_sum;
u32 util_sum;
u32 period_contrib;
unsigned long load_avg;
unsigned long runnable_avg;
unsigned long util_avg;
struct util_est util_est;
} ____cacheline_aligned;
@ -467,6 +471,8 @@ struct sched_entity {
struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
/* rq "owned" by this entity/group: */
struct cfs_rq *my_q;
/* cached value of my_q->h_nr_running */
unsigned long runnable_weight;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP

9
kernel/sched/debug.c
View File

@ -405,6 +405,7 @@ static void print_cfs_group_stats(struct seq_file *m, int cpu, struct task_group
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
P(se->avg.load_avg);
P(se->avg.util_avg);
P(se->avg.runnable_avg);
#endif
#undef PN_SCHEDSTAT
@ -524,6 +525,8 @@ void print_cfs_rq(struct seq_file *m, int cpu, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
SEQ_printf(m, " .%-30s: %lu\n", "load_avg",
cfs_rq->avg.load_avg);
SEQ_printf(m, " .%-30s: %lu\n", "runnable_avg",
cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg);
SEQ_printf(m, " .%-30s: %lu\n", "util_avg",
cfs_rq->avg.util_avg);
SEQ_printf(m, " .%-30s: %u\n", "util_est_enqueued",
@ -532,8 +535,8 @@ void print_cfs_rq(struct seq_file *m, int cpu, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
cfs_rq->removed.load_avg);
SEQ_printf(m, " .%-30s: %ld\n", "removed.util_avg",
cfs_rq->removed.util_avg);
SEQ_printf(m, " .%-30s: %ld\n", "removed.runnable_sum",
cfs_rq->removed.runnable_sum);
SEQ_printf(m, " .%-30s: %ld\n", "removed.runnable_avg",
cfs_rq->removed.runnable_avg);
#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
SEQ_printf(m, " .%-30s: %lu\n", "tg_load_avg_contrib",
cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib);
@ -944,8 +947,10 @@ void proc_sched_show_task(struct task_struct *p, struct pid_namespace *ns,
P(se.load.weight);
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
P(se.avg.load_sum);
P(se.avg.runnable_sum);
P(se.avg.util_sum);
P(se.avg.load_avg);
P(se.avg.runnable_avg);
P(se.avg.util_avg);
P(se.avg.last_update_time);
P(se.avg.util_est.ewma);

77
kernel/sched/fair.c
View File

@ -794,6 +794,8 @@ void post_init_entity_util_avg(struct task_struct *p)
}
}
sa->runnable_avg = cpu_scale;
if (p->sched_class != &fair_sched_class) {
/*
* For !fair tasks do:
@ -3215,9 +3217,9 @@ void set_task_rq_fair(struct sched_entity *se,
* _IFF_ we look at the pure running and runnable sums. Because they
* represent the very same entity, just at different points in the hierarchy.
*
* Per the above update_tg_cfs_util() is trivial * and simply copies the
* running sum over (but still wrong, because the group entity and group rq do
* not have their PELT windows aligned).
* Per the above update_tg_cfs_util() and update_tg_cfs_runnable() are trivial
* and simply copies the running/runnable sum over (but still wrong, because
* the group entity and group rq do not have their PELT windows aligned).
*
* However, update_tg_cfs_load() is more complex. So we have:
*
@ -3299,6 +3301,32 @@ update_tg_cfs_util(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, struct cfs_rq
cfs_rq->avg.util_sum = cfs_rq->avg.util_avg * LOAD_AVG_MAX;
}
static inline void
update_tg_cfs_runnable(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, struct cfs_rq *gcfs_rq)
{
long delta = gcfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg - se->avg.runnable_avg;
/* Nothing to update */
if (!delta)
return;
/*
* The relation between sum and avg is:
*
* LOAD_AVG_MAX - 1024 + sa->period_contrib
*
* however, the PELT windows are not aligned between grq and gse.
*/
/* Set new sched_entity's runnable */
se->avg.runnable_avg = gcfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg;
se->avg.runnable_sum = se->avg.runnable_avg * LOAD_AVG_MAX;
/* Update parent cfs_rq runnable */
add_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg, delta);
cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum = cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg * LOAD_AVG_MAX;
}
static inline void
update_tg_cfs_load(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, struct cfs_rq *gcfs_rq)
{
@ -3379,6 +3407,7 @@ static inline int propagate_entity_load_avg(struct sched_entity *se)
add_tg_cfs_propagate(cfs_rq, gcfs_rq->prop_runnable_sum);
update_tg_cfs_util(cfs_rq, se, gcfs_rq);
update_tg_cfs_runnable(cfs_rq, se, gcfs_rq);
update_tg_cfs_load(cfs_rq, se, gcfs_rq);
trace_pelt_cfs_tp(cfs_rq);
@ -3449,7 +3478,7 @@ static inline void add_tg_cfs_propagate(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, long runnable_sum
static inline int
update_cfs_rq_load_avg(u64 now, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
unsigned long removed_load = 0, removed_util = 0, removed_runnable_sum = 0;
unsigned long removed_load = 0, removed_util = 0, removed_runnable = 0;
struct sched_avg *sa = &cfs_rq->avg;
int decayed = 0;
@ -3460,7 +3489,7 @@ update_cfs_rq_load_avg(u64 now, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
raw_spin_lock(&cfs_rq->removed.lock);
swap(cfs_rq->removed.util_avg, removed_util);
swap(cfs_rq->removed.load_avg, removed_load);
swap(cfs_rq->removed.runnable_sum, removed_runnable_sum);
swap(cfs_rq->removed.runnable_avg, removed_runnable);
cfs_rq->removed.nr = 0;
raw_spin_unlock(&cfs_rq->removed.lock);
@ -3472,7 +3501,16 @@ update_cfs_rq_load_avg(u64 now, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
sub_positive(&sa->util_avg, r);
sub_positive(&sa->util_sum, r * divider);
add_tg_cfs_propagate(cfs_rq, -(long)removed_runnable_sum);
r = removed_runnable;
sub_positive(&sa->runnable_avg, r);
sub_positive(&sa->runnable_sum, r * divider);
/*
* removed_runnable is the unweighted version of removed_load so we
* can use it to estimate removed_load_sum.
*/
add_tg_cfs_propagate(cfs_rq,
-(long)(removed_runnable * divider) >> SCHED_CAPACITY_SHIFT);
decayed = 1;
}
@ -3517,6 +3555,8 @@ static void attach_entity_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *s
*/
se->avg.util_sum = se->avg.util_avg * divider;
se->avg.runnable_sum = se->avg.runnable_avg * divider;
se->avg.load_sum = divider;
if (se_weight(se)) {
se->avg.load_sum =
@ -3526,6 +3566,8 @@ static void attach_entity_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *s
enqueue_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
cfs_rq->avg.util_avg += se->avg.util_avg;
cfs_rq->avg.util_sum += se->avg.util_sum;
cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg += se->avg.runnable_avg;
cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum += se->avg.runnable_sum;
add_tg_cfs_propagate(cfs_rq, se->avg.load_sum);
@ -3547,6 +3589,8 @@ static void detach_entity_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *s
dequeue_load_avg(cfs_rq, se);
sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.util_avg, se->avg.util_avg);
sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.util_sum, se->avg.util_sum);
sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg, se->avg.runnable_avg);
sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum, se->avg.runnable_sum);
add_tg_cfs_propagate(cfs_rq, -se->avg.load_sum);
@ -3653,10 +3697,15 @@ static void remove_entity_load_avg(struct sched_entity *se)
++cfs_rq->removed.nr;
cfs_rq->removed.util_avg += se->avg.util_avg;
cfs_rq->removed.load_avg += se->avg.load_avg;
cfs_rq->removed.runnable_sum += se->avg.load_sum; /* == runnable_sum */
cfs_rq->removed.runnable_avg += se->avg.runnable_avg;
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cfs_rq->removed.lock, flags);
}
static inline unsigned long cfs_rq_runnable_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
return cfs_rq->avg.runnable_avg;
}
static inline unsigned long cfs_rq_load_avg(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
return cfs_rq->avg.load_avg;
@ -3983,11 +4032,13 @@ enqueue_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
/*
* When enqueuing a sched_entity, we must:
* - Update loads to have both entity and cfs_rq synced with now.
* - Add its load to cfs_rq->runnable_avg
* - For group_entity, update its weight to reflect the new share of
* its group cfs_rq
* - Add its new weight to cfs_rq->load.weight
*/
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG | DO_ATTACH);
se_update_runnable(se);
update_cfs_group(se);
account_entity_enqueue(cfs_rq, se);
@ -4065,11 +4116,13 @@ dequeue_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int flags)
/*
* When dequeuing a sched_entity, we must:
* - Update loads to have both entity and cfs_rq synced with now.
* - Subtract its load from the cfs_rq->runnable_avg.
* - Subtract its previous weight from cfs_rq->load.weight.
* - For group entity, update its weight to reflect the new share
* of its group cfs_rq.
*/
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG);
se_update_runnable(se);
update_stats_dequeue(cfs_rq, se, flags);
@ -5240,6 +5293,7 @@ enqueue_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int flags)
goto enqueue_throttle;
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG);
se_update_runnable(se);
update_cfs_group(se);
cfs_rq->h_nr_running++;
@ -5337,6 +5391,7 @@ static void dequeue_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int flags)
goto dequeue_throttle;
update_load_avg(cfs_rq, se, UPDATE_TG);
se_update_runnable(se);
update_cfs_group(se);
cfs_rq->h_nr_running--;
@ -5409,6 +5464,11 @@ static unsigned long cpu_load_without(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
return load;
}
static unsigned long cpu_runnable(struct rq *rq)
{
return cfs_rq_runnable_avg(&rq->cfs);
}
static unsigned long capacity_of(int cpu)
{
return cpu_rq(cpu)->cpu_capacity;
@ -7554,6 +7614,9 @@ static inline bool cfs_rq_is_decayed(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
if (cfs_rq->avg.util_sum)
return false;
if (cfs_rq->avg.runnable_sum)
return false;
return true;
}

39
kernel/sched/pelt.c
View File

@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ static u32 __accumulate_pelt_segments(u64 periods, u32 d1, u32 d3)
*/
static __always_inline u32
accumulate_sum(u64 delta, struct sched_avg *sa,
unsigned long load, int running)
unsigned long load, unsigned long runnable, int running)
{
u32 contrib = (u32)delta; /* p == 0 -> delta < 1024 */
u64 periods;
@ -121,6 +121,8 @@ accumulate_sum(u64 delta, struct sched_avg *sa,
*/
if (periods) {
sa->load_sum = decay_load(sa->load_sum, periods);
sa->runnable_sum =
decay_load(sa->runnable_sum, periods);
sa->util_sum = decay_load((u64)(sa->util_sum), periods);
/*
@ -146,6 +148,8 @@ accumulate_sum(u64 delta, struct sched_avg *sa,
if (load)
sa->load_sum += load * contrib;
if (runnable)
sa->runnable_sum += runnable * contrib << SCHED_CAPACITY_SHIFT;
if (running)
sa->util_sum += contrib << SCHED_CAPACITY_SHIFT;
@ -182,7 +186,7 @@ accumulate_sum(u64 delta, struct sched_avg *sa,
*/
static __always_inline int
___update_load_sum(u64 now, struct sched_avg *sa,
unsigned long load, int running)
unsigned long load, unsigned long runnable, int running)
{
u64 delta;
@ -218,7 +222,7 @@ ___update_load_sum(u64 now, struct sched_avg *sa,
* Also see the comment in accumulate_sum().
*/
if (!load)
running = 0;
runnable = running = 0;
/*
* Now we know we crossed measurement unit boundaries. The *_avg
@ -227,7 +231,7 @@ ___update_load_sum(u64 now, struct sched_avg *sa,
* Step 1: accumulate *_sum since last_update_time. If we haven't
* crossed period boundaries, finish.
*/
if (!accumulate_sum(delta, sa, load, running))
if (!accumulate_sum(delta, sa, load, runnable, running))
return 0;
return 1;
@ -242,6 +246,7 @@ ___update_load_avg(struct sched_avg *sa, unsigned long load)
* Step 2: update *_avg.
*/
sa->load_avg = div_u64(load * sa->load_sum, divider);
sa->runnable_avg = div_u64(sa->runnable_sum, divider);
WRITE_ONCE(sa->util_avg, sa->util_sum / divider);
}
@ -250,24 +255,30 @@ ___update_load_avg(struct sched_avg *sa, unsigned long load)
*
* task:
* se_weight() = se->load.weight
* se_runnable() = !!on_rq
*
* group: [ see update_cfs_group() ]
* se_weight() = tg->weight * grq->load_avg / tg->load_avg
* se_runnable() = grq->h_nr_running
*
* runnable_sum = se_runnable() * runnable = grq->runnable_sum
* runnable_avg = runnable_sum
*
* load_sum := runnable
* load_avg = se_weight(se) * load_sum
*
* XXX collapse load_sum and runnable_load_sum
*
* cfq_rq:
*
* runnable_sum = \Sum se->avg.runnable_sum
* runnable_avg = \Sum se->avg.runnable_avg
*
* load_sum = \Sum se_weight(se) * se->avg.load_sum
* load_avg = \Sum se->avg.load_avg
*/
int __update_load_avg_blocked_se(u64 now, struct sched_entity *se)
{
if (___update_load_sum(now, &se->avg, 0, 0)) {
if (___update_load_sum(now, &se->avg, 0, 0, 0)) {
___update_load_avg(&se->avg, se_weight(se));
trace_pelt_se_tp(se);
return 1;
@ -278,7 +289,8 @@ int __update_load_avg_blocked_se(u64 now, struct sched_entity *se)
int __update_load_avg_se(u64 now, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
{
if (___update_load_sum(now, &se->avg, !!se->on_rq, cfs_rq->curr == se)) {
if (___update_load_sum(now, &se->avg, !!se->on_rq, se_runnable(se),
cfs_rq->curr == se)) {
___update_load_avg(&se->avg, se_weight(se));
cfs_se_util_change(&se->avg);
@ -293,6 +305,7 @@ int __update_load_avg_cfs_rq(u64 now, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
{
if (___update_load_sum(now, &cfs_rq->avg,
scale_load_down(cfs_rq->load.weight),
cfs_rq->h_nr_running,
cfs_rq->curr != NULL)) {
___update_load_avg(&cfs_rq->avg, 1);
@ -310,13 +323,14 @@ int __update_load_avg_cfs_rq(u64 now, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
* util_sum = cpu_scale * load_sum
* runnable_sum = util_sum
*
* load_avg is not supported and meaningless.
* load_avg and runnable_avg are not supported and meaningless.
*
*/
int update_rt_rq_load_avg(u64 now, struct rq *rq, int running)
{
if (___update_load_sum(now, &rq->avg_rt,
running,
running,
running)) {
@ -335,13 +349,14 @@ int update_rt_rq_load_avg(u64 now, struct rq *rq, int running)
* util_sum = cpu_scale * load_sum
* runnable_sum = util_sum
*
* load_avg is not supported and meaningless.
* load_avg and runnable_avg are not supported and meaningless.
*
*/
int update_dl_rq_load_avg(u64 now, struct rq *rq, int running)
{
if (___update_load_sum(now, &rq->avg_dl,
running,
running,
running)) {
@ -361,7 +376,7 @@ int update_dl_rq_load_avg(u64 now, struct rq *rq, int running)
* util_sum = cpu_scale * load_sum
* runnable_sum = util_sum
*
* load_avg is not supported and meaningless.
* load_avg and runnable_avg are not supported and meaningless.
*
*/
@ -389,9 +404,11 @@ int update_irq_load_avg(struct rq *rq, u64 running)
* rq->clock += delta with delta >= running
*/
ret = ___update_load_sum(rq->clock - running, &rq->avg_irq,
0,
0,
0);
ret += ___update_load_sum(rq->clock, &rq->avg_irq,
1,
1,
1);

22
kernel/sched/sched.h
View File

@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ struct cfs_rq {
int nr;
unsigned long load_avg;
unsigned long util_avg;
unsigned long runnable_sum;
unsigned long runnable_avg;
} removed;
#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
@ -688,9 +688,29 @@ struct dl_rq {
/* An entity is a task if it doesn't "own" a runqueue */
#define entity_is_task(se) (!se->my_q)
static inline void se_update_runnable(struct sched_entity *se)
{
if (!entity_is_task(se))
se->runnable_weight = se->my_q->h_nr_running;
}
static inline long se_runnable(struct sched_entity *se)
{
if (entity_is_task(se))
return !!se->on_rq;
else
return se->runnable_weight;
}
#else
#define entity_is_task(se) 1
static inline void se_update_runnable(struct sched_entity *se) {}
static inline long se_runnable(struct sched_entity *se)
{
return !!se->on_rq;
}
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP