License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 22:07:57 +08:00
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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#
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# Makefile for some libs needed in the kernel.
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#
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2008-10-07 07:06:12 +08:00
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ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER
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2008-07-17 23:40:48 +08:00
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ORIG_CFLAGS := $(KBUILD_CFLAGS)
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2015-01-09 20:06:33 +08:00
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KBUILD_CFLAGS = $(subst $(CC_FLAGS_FTRACE),,$(ORIG_CFLAGS))
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2008-07-17 23:40:48 +08:00
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endif
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kernel: add kcov code coverage
kcov provides code coverage collection for coverage-guided fuzzing
(randomized testing). Coverage-guided fuzzing is a testing technique
that uses coverage feedback to determine new interesting inputs to a
system. A notable user-space example is AFL
(http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/afl/). However, this technique is not
widely used for kernel testing due to missing compiler and kernel
support.
kcov does not aim to collect as much coverage as possible. It aims to
collect more or less stable coverage that is function of syscall inputs.
To achieve this goal it does not collect coverage in soft/hard
interrupts and instrumentation of some inherently non-deterministic or
non-interesting parts of kernel is disbled (e.g. scheduler, locking).
Currently there is a single coverage collection mode (tracing), but the
API anticipates additional collection modes. Initially I also
implemented a second mode which exposes coverage in a fixed-size hash
table of counters (what Quentin used in his original patch). I've
dropped the second mode for simplicity.
This patch adds the necessary support on kernel side. The complimentary
compiler support was added in gcc revision 231296.
We've used this support to build syzkaller system call fuzzer, which has
found 90 kernel bugs in just 2 months:
https://github.com/google/syzkaller/wiki/Found-Bugs
We've also found 30+ bugs in our internal systems with syzkaller.
Another (yet unexplored) direction where kcov coverage would greatly
help is more traditional "blob mutation". For example, mounting a
random blob as a filesystem, or receiving a random blob over wire.
Why not gcov. Typical fuzzing loop looks as follows: (1) reset
coverage, (2) execute a bit of code, (3) collect coverage, repeat. A
typical coverage can be just a dozen of basic blocks (e.g. an invalid
input). In such context gcov becomes prohibitively expensive as
reset/collect coverage steps depend on total number of basic
blocks/edges in program (in case of kernel it is about 2M). Cost of
kcov depends only on number of executed basic blocks/edges. On top of
that, kernel requires per-thread coverage because there are always
background threads and unrelated processes that also produce coverage.
With inlined gcov instrumentation per-thread coverage is not possible.
kcov exposes kernel PCs and control flow to user-space which is
insecure. But debugfs should not be mapped as user accessible.
Based on a patch by Quentin Casasnovas.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: make task_struct.kcov_mode have type `enum kcov_mode']
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: unbreak allmodconfig]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: follow x86 Makefile layout standards]
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: syzkaller <syzkaller@googlegroups.com>
Cc: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@oracle.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Tavis Ormandy <taviso@google.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Quentin Casasnovas <quentin.casasnovas@oracle.com>
Cc: Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@google.com>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: David Drysdale <drysdale@google.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-03-23 05:27:30 +08:00
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# These files are disabled because they produce lots of non-interesting and/or
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# flaky coverage that is not a function of syscall inputs. For example,
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# rbtree can be global and individual rotations don't correlate with inputs.
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KCOV_INSTRUMENT_string.o := n
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KCOV_INSTRUMENT_rbtree.o := n
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KCOV_INSTRUMENT_list_debug.o := n
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KCOV_INSTRUMENT_debugobjects.o := n
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KCOV_INSTRUMENT_dynamic_debug.o := n
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2007-10-07 15:24:34 +08:00
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lib-y := ctype.o string.o vsprintf.o cmdline.o \
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2017-11-08 05:30:10 +08:00
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rbtree.o radix-tree.o timerqueue.o xarray.o \
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2013-05-23 13:46:09 +08:00
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idr.o int_sqrt.o extable.o \
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2018-11-17 09:26:21 +08:00
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sha1.o chacha.o irq_regs.o argv_split.o \
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2016-03-31 21:51:32 +08:00
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flex_proportions.o ratelimit.o show_mem.o \
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2012-12-15 02:03:23 +08:00
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is_single_threaded.o plist.o decompress.o kobject_uevent.o \
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alpha: Remove custom dec_and_lock() implementation
Alpha provides a custom implementation of dec_and_lock(). The functions
is split into two parts:
- atomic_add_unless() + return 0 (fast path in assembly)
- remaining part including locking (slow path in C)
Comparing the result of the alpha implementation with the generic
implementation compiled by gcc it looks like the fast path is optimized
by avoiding a stack frame (and reloading the GP), register store and all
this. This is only done in the slowpath.
After marking the slowpath (atomic_dec_and_lock_1()) as "noinline" and
doing the slowpath in C (the atomic_add_unless(atomic, -1, 1) part) I
noticed differences in the resulting assembly:
- the GP is still reloaded
- atomic_add_unless() adds more memory barriers compared to the custom
assembly
- the custom assembly here does "load, sub, beq" while
atomic_add_unless() does "load, cmpeq, add, bne". This is okay because
it compares against zero after subtraction while the generic code
compares against 1 before.
I'm not sure if avoiding the stack frame (and GP reloading) brings a lot
in terms of performance. Regarding the different barriers, Peter
Zijlstra says:
|refcount decrement needs to be a RELEASE operation, such that all the
|load/stores to the object happen before we decrement the refcount.
|
|Otherwise things like:
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| obj->foo = 5;
| refcnt_dec(&obj->ref);
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|can be re-ordered, which then allows fun scenarios like:
|
| CPU0 CPU1
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| refcnt_dec(&obj->ref);
| if (dec_and_test(&obj->ref))
| free(obj);
| obj->foo = 5; // oops UaF
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|This means (for alpha) that there should be a memory barrier _before_
|the decrement, however the dec_and_lock asm thing only has one _after_,
|which, per the above, is too late.
|
|The generic version using add_unless will result in memory barrier
|before and after (because that is the rule for atomic ops with a return
|value) which is strictly too many barriers for the refcount story, but
|who knows what other ordering requirements code has.
Remove the custom alpha implementation of dec_and_lock() and if it is an
issue (performance wise) then the fast path could still be inlined.
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-alpha@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180606115918.GG12198@hirez.programming.kicks-ass.net
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r20180612161621.22645-2-bigeasy@linutronix.de
2018-06-13 00:16:19 +08:00
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earlycpio.o seq_buf.o siphash.o dec_and_lock.o \
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2018-10-16 19:13:40 +08:00
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nmi_backtrace.o nodemask.o win_minmax.o memcat_p.o
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[PATCH] Add initial implementation of klist helpers.
This klist interface provides a couple of structures that wrap around
struct list_head to provide explicit list "head" (struct klist) and
list "node" (struct klist_node) objects. For struct klist, a spinlock
is included that protects access to the actual list itself. struct
klist_node provides a pointer to the klist that owns it and a kref
reference count that indicates the number of current users of that node
in the list.
The entire point is to provide an interface for iterating over a list
that is safe and allows for modification of the list during the
iteration (e.g. insertion and removal), including modification of the
current node on the list.
It works using a 3rd object type - struct klist_iter - that is declared
and initialized before an iteration. klist_next() is used to acquire the
next element in the list. It returns NULL if there are no more items.
This klist interface provides a couple of structures that wrap around
struct list_head to provide explicit list "head" (struct klist) and
list "node" (struct klist_node) objects. For struct klist, a spinlock
is included that protects access to the actual list itself. struct
klist_node provides a pointer to the klist that owns it and a kref
reference count that indicates the number of current users of that node
in the list.
The entire point is to provide an interface for iterating over a list
that is safe and allows for modification of the list during the
iteration (e.g. insertion and removal), including modification of the
current node on the list.
It works using a 3rd object type - struct klist_iter - that is declared
and initialized before an iteration. klist_next() is used to acquire the
next element in the list. It returns NULL if there are no more items.
Internally, that routine takes the klist's lock, decrements the reference
count of the previous klist_node and increments the count of the next
klist_node. It then drops the lock and returns.
There are primitives for adding and removing nodes to/from a klist.
When deleting, klist_del() will simply decrement the reference count.
Only when the count goes to 0 is the node removed from the list.
klist_remove() will try to delete the node from the list and block
until it is actually removed. This is useful for objects (like devices)
that have been removed from the system and must be freed (but must wait
until all accessors have finished).
Internally, that routine takes the klist's lock, decrements the reference
count of the previous klist_node and increments the count of the next
klist_node. It then drops the lock and returns.
There are primitives for adding and removing nodes to/from a klist.
When deleting, klist_del() will simply decrement the reference count.
Only when the count goes to 0 is the node removed from the list.
klist_remove() will try to delete the node from the list and block
until it is actually removed. This is useful for objects (like devices)
that have been removed from the system and must be freed (but must wait
until all accessors have finished).
Signed-off-by: Patrick Mochel <mochel@digitalimplant.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
diff -Nru a/include/linux/klist.h b/include/linux/klist.h
2005-03-22 03:45:16 +08:00
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2018-02-13 15:28:34 +08:00
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lib-$(CONFIG_PRINTK) += dump_stack.o
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2006-10-01 14:29:12 +08:00
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lib-$(CONFIG_MMU) += ioremap.o
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2006-03-25 19:08:08 +08:00
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lib-$(CONFIG_SMP) += cpumask.o
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2011-12-13 17:36:20 +08:00
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lib-y += kobject.o klist.o
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2013-09-03 02:58:20 +08:00
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obj-y += lockref.o
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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2017-02-03 00:52:14 +08:00
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obj-y += bcd.o div64.o sort.o parser.o debug_locks.o random32.o \
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2015-02-13 07:02:21 +08:00
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bust_spinlocks.o kasprintf.o bitmap.o scatterlist.o \
|
2014-12-11 05:05:55 +08:00
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gcd.o lcm.o list_sort.o uuid.o flex_array.o iov_iter.o clz_ctz.o \
|
2015-04-17 03:43:19 +08:00
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bsearch.o find_bit.o llist.o memweight.o kfifo.o \
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2018-06-13 03:05:45 +08:00
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percpu-refcount.o rhashtable.o reciprocal_div.o \
|
2017-12-05 02:31:44 +08:00
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once.o refcount.o usercopy.o errseq.o bucket_locks.o
|
2017-11-18 07:27:56 +08:00
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obj-$(CONFIG_STRING_SELFTEST) += test_string.o
|
2013-05-01 06:27:30 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-y += string_helpers.o
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_STRING_HELPERS) += test-string_helpers.o
|
2015-02-13 07:02:21 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-y += hexdump.o
|
2016-01-21 06:58:44 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_HEXDUMP) += test_hexdump.o
|
2011-03-23 07:34:40 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-y += kstrtox.o
|
2018-02-07 07:38:27 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_FIND_BIT_BENCHMARK) += find_bit_benchmark.o
|
2014-05-09 05:10:52 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_BPF) += test_bpf.o
|
2014-07-15 05:38:12 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_FIRMWARE) += test_firmware.o
|
2017-07-13 05:33:43 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_SYSCTL) += test_sysctl.o
|
siphash: add cryptographically secure PRF
SipHash is a 64-bit keyed hash function that is actually a
cryptographically secure PRF, like HMAC. Except SipHash is super fast,
and is meant to be used as a hashtable keyed lookup function, or as a
general PRF for short input use cases, such as sequence numbers or RNG
chaining.
For the first usage:
There are a variety of attacks known as "hashtable poisoning" in which an
attacker forms some data such that the hash of that data will be the
same, and then preceeds to fill up all entries of a hashbucket. This is
a realistic and well-known denial-of-service vector. Currently
hashtables use jhash, which is fast but not secure, and some kind of
rotating key scheme (or none at all, which isn't good). SipHash is meant
as a replacement for jhash in these cases.
There are a modicum of places in the kernel that are vulnerable to
hashtable poisoning attacks, either via userspace vectors or network
vectors, and there's not a reliable mechanism inside the kernel at the
moment to fix it. The first step toward fixing these issues is actually
getting a secure primitive into the kernel for developers to use. Then
we can, bit by bit, port things over to it as deemed appropriate.
While SipHash is extremely fast for a cryptographically secure function,
it is likely a bit slower than the insecure jhash, and so replacements
will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis based on whether or not the
difference in speed is negligible and whether or not the current jhash usage
poses a real security risk.
For the second usage:
A few places in the kernel are using MD5 or SHA1 for creating secure
sequence numbers, syn cookies, port numbers, or fast random numbers.
SipHash is a faster and more fitting, and more secure replacement for MD5
in those situations. Replacing MD5 and SHA1 with SipHash for these uses is
obvious and straight-forward, and so is submitted along with this patch
series. There shouldn't be much of a debate over its efficacy.
Dozens of languages are already using this internally for their hash
tables and PRFs. Some of the BSDs already use this in their kernels.
SipHash is a widely known high-speed solution to a widely known set of
problems, and it's time we catch-up.
Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
Reviewed-by: Jean-Philippe Aumasson <jeanphilippe.aumasson@gmail.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers3@gmail.com>
Cc: David Laight <David.Laight@aculab.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2017-01-08 20:54:00 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_HASH) += test_hash.o test_siphash.o
|
2018-06-19 04:59:29 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_IDA) += test_ida.o
|
2015-02-14 06:39:53 +08:00
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|
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obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_KASAN) += test_kasan.o
|
2018-04-11 07:30:39 +08:00
|
|
|
CFLAGS_test_kasan.o += -fno-builtin
|
2018-06-26 06:59:34 +08:00
|
|
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CFLAGS_test_kasan.o += $(call cc-disable-warning, vla)
|
2018-04-11 07:32:58 +08:00
|
|
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obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_UBSAN) += test_ubsan.o
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2018-06-26 06:59:34 +08:00
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|
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CFLAGS_test_ubsan.o += $(call cc-disable-warning, vla)
|
2018-04-11 07:32:58 +08:00
|
|
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UBSAN_SANITIZE_test_ubsan.o := y
|
2015-02-14 06:39:53 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_KSTRTOX) += test-kstrtox.o
|
2017-05-09 06:55:26 +08:00
|
|
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obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_LIST_SORT) += test_list_sort.o
|
2015-02-14 06:39:53 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_LKM) += test_module.o
|
2018-05-08 06:36:28 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_OVERFLOW) += test_overflow.o
|
2015-01-29 22:40:25 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_RHASHTABLE) += test_rhashtable.o
|
2017-02-25 07:01:07 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_SORT) += test_sort.o
|
2015-02-14 06:39:53 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_USER_COPY) += test_user_copy.o
|
2015-08-03 17:42:57 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_STATIC_KEYS) += test_static_keys.o
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_STATIC_KEYS) += test_static_key_base.o
|
2015-11-07 08:30:29 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_PRINTF) += test_printf.o
|
2016-02-19 22:24:00 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_BITMAP) += test_bitmap.o
|
2018-06-20 14:58:30 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_BITFIELD) += test_bitfield.o
|
2016-05-30 22:40:41 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_UUID) += test_uuid.o
|
2017-11-08 03:57:46 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_XARRAY) += test_xarray.o
|
2017-02-03 17:29:06 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_PARMAN) += test_parman.o
|
kmod: add test driver to stress test the module loader
This adds a new stress test driver for kmod: the kernel module loader.
The new stress test driver, test_kmod, is only enabled as a module right
now. It should be possible to load this as built-in and load tests
early (refer to the force_init_test module parameter), however since a
lot of test can get a system out of memory fast we leave this disabled
for now.
Using a system with 1024 MiB of RAM can *easily* get your kernel OOM
fast with this test driver.
The test_kmod driver exposes API knobs for us to fine tune simple
request_module() and get_fs_type() calls. Since these API calls only
allow each one parameter a test driver for these is rather simple.
Other factors that can help out test driver though are the number of
calls we issue and knowing current limitations of each. This exposes
configuration as much as possible through userspace to be able to build
tests directly from userspace.
Since it allows multiple misc devices its will eventually (once we add a
knob to let us create new devices at will) also be possible to perform
more tests in parallel, provided you have enough memory.
We only enable tests we know work as of right now.
Demo screenshots:
# tools/testing/selftests/kmod/kmod.sh
kmod_test_0001_driver: OK! - loading kmod test
kmod_test_0001_driver: OK! - Return value: 256 (MODULE_NOT_FOUND), expected MODULE_NOT_FOUND
kmod_test_0001_fs: OK! - loading kmod test
kmod_test_0001_fs: OK! - Return value: -22 (-EINVAL), expected -EINVAL
kmod_test_0002_driver: OK! - loading kmod test
kmod_test_0002_driver: OK! - Return value: 256 (MODULE_NOT_FOUND), expected MODULE_NOT_FOUND
kmod_test_0002_fs: OK! - loading kmod test
kmod_test_0002_fs: OK! - Return value: -22 (-EINVAL), expected -EINVAL
kmod_test_0003: OK! - loading kmod test
kmod_test_0003: OK! - Return value: 0 (SUCCESS), expected SUCCESS
kmod_test_0004: OK! - loading kmod test
kmod_test_0004: OK! - Return value: 0 (SUCCESS), expected SUCCESS
kmod_test_0005: OK! - loading kmod test
kmod_test_0005: OK! - Return value: 0 (SUCCESS), expected SUCCESS
kmod_test_0006: OK! - loading kmod test
kmod_test_0006: OK! - Return value: 0 (SUCCESS), expected SUCCESS
kmod_test_0005: OK! - loading kmod test
kmod_test_0005: OK! - Return value: 0 (SUCCESS), expected SUCCESS
kmod_test_0006: OK! - loading kmod test
kmod_test_0006: OK! - Return value: 0 (SUCCESS), expected SUCCESS
XXX: add test restult for 0007
Test completed
You can also request for specific tests:
# tools/testing/selftests/kmod/kmod.sh -t 0001
kmod_test_0001_driver: OK! - loading kmod test
kmod_test_0001_driver: OK! - Return value: 256 (MODULE_NOT_FOUND), expected MODULE_NOT_FOUND
kmod_test_0001_fs: OK! - loading kmod test
kmod_test_0001_fs: OK! - Return value: -22 (-EINVAL), expected -EINVAL
Test completed
Lastly, the current available number of tests:
# tools/testing/selftests/kmod/kmod.sh --help
Usage: tools/testing/selftests/kmod/kmod.sh [ -t <4-number-digit> ]
Valid tests: 0001-0009
0001 - Simple test - 1 thread for empty string
0002 - Simple test - 1 thread for modules/filesystems that do not exist
0003 - Simple test - 1 thread for get_fs_type() only
0004 - Simple test - 2 threads for get_fs_type() only
0005 - multithreaded tests with default setup - request_module() only
0006 - multithreaded tests with default setup - get_fs_type() only
0007 - multithreaded tests with default setup test request_module() and get_fs_type()
0008 - multithreaded - push kmod_concurrent over max_modprobes for request_module()
0009 - multithreaded - push kmod_concurrent over max_modprobes for get_fs_type()
The following test cases currently fail, as such they are not currently
enabled by default:
# tools/testing/selftests/kmod/kmod.sh -t 0008
# tools/testing/selftests/kmod/kmod.sh -t 0009
To be sure to run them as intended please unload both of the modules:
o test_module
o xfs
And ensure they are not loaded on your system prior to testing them. If
you use these paritions for your rootfs you can change the default test
driver used for get_fs_type() by exporting it into your environment. For
example of other test defaults you can override refer to kmod.sh
allow_user_defaults().
Behind the scenes this is how we fine tune at a test case prior to
hitting a trigger to run it:
cat /sys/devices/virtual/misc/test_kmod0/config
echo -n "2" > /sys/devices/virtual/misc/test_kmod0/config_test_case
echo -n "ext4" > /sys/devices/virtual/misc/test_kmod0/config_test_fs
echo -n "80" > /sys/devices/virtual/misc/test_kmod0/config_num_threads
cat /sys/devices/virtual/misc/test_kmod0/config
echo -n "1" > /sys/devices/virtual/misc/test_kmod0/config_num_threads
Finally to trigger:
echo -n "1" > /sys/devices/virtual/misc/test_kmod0/trigger_config
The kmod.sh script uses the above constructs to build different test cases.
A bit of interpretation of the current failures follows, first two
premises:
a) When request_module() is used userspace figures out an optimized
version of module order for us. Once it finds the modules it needs, as
per depmod symbol dep map, it will finit_module() the respective
modules which are needed for the original request_module() request.
b) We have an optimization in place whereby if a kernel uses
request_module() on a module already loaded we never bother userspace
as the module already is loaded. This is all handled by kernel/kmod.c.
A few things to consider to help identify root causes of issues:
0) kmod 19 has a broken heuristic for modules being assumed to be
built-in to your kernel and will return 0 even though request_module()
failed. Upgrade to a newer version of kmod.
1) A get_fs_type() call for "xfs" will request_module() for "fs-xfs",
not for "xfs". The optimization in kernel described in b) fails to
catch if we have a lot of consecutive get_fs_type() calls. The reason
is the optimization in place does not look for aliases. This means two
consecutive get_fs_type() calls will bump kmod_concurrent, whereas
request_module() will not.
This one explanation why test case 0009 fails at least once for
get_fs_type().
2) If a module fails to load --- for whatever reason (kmod_concurrent
limit reached, file not yet present due to rootfs switch, out of
memory) we have a period of time during which module request for the
same name either with request_module() or get_fs_type() will *also*
fail to load even if the file for the module is ready.
This explains why *multiple* NULLs are possible on test 0009.
3) finit_module() consumes quite a bit of memory.
4) Filesystems typically also have more dependent modules than other
modules, its important to note though that even though a get_fs_type()
call does not incur additional kmod_concurrent bumps, since userspace
loads dependencies it finds it needs via finit_module_fd(), it *will*
take much more memory to load a module with a lot of dependencies.
Because of 3) and 4) we will easily run into out of memory failures with
certain tests. For instance test 0006 fails on qemu with 1024 MiB of RAM.
It panics a box after reaping all userspace processes and still not
having enough memory to reap.
[arnd@arndb.de: add dependencies for test module]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170630154834.3689272-1-arnd@arndb.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170628223155.26472-3-mcgrof@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Luis R. Rodriguez <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Cc: Jessica Yu <jeyu@redhat.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2017-07-15 05:50:08 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_KMOD) += test_kmod.o
|
2017-09-09 07:15:31 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_DEBUG_VIRTUAL) += test_debug_virtual.o
|
2018-10-05 20:43:05 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_MEMCAT_P) += test_memcat_p.o
|
2018-11-14 16:22:28 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEST_OBJAGG) += test_objagg.o
|
2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ifeq ($(CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT),y)
|
|
|
|
|
CFLAGS_kobject.o += -DDEBUG
|
|
|
|
|
CFLAGS_kobject_uevent.o += -DDEBUG
|
|
|
|
|
endif
|
|
|
|
|
|
2015-03-21 09:50:01 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_REDUCED) += debug_info.o
|
|
|
|
|
CFLAGS_debug_info.o += $(call cc-option, -femit-struct-debug-detailed=any)
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007-02-11 23:41:31 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_IOMAP) += iomap.o
|
2011-11-25 02:45:20 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_PCI_IOMAP) += pci_iomap.o
|
2007-08-23 05:01:36 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_HAS_IOMEM) += iomap_copy.o devres.o
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_CHECK_SIGNATURE) += check_signature.o
|
2006-07-03 15:24:48 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCKING_API_SELFTESTS) += locking-selftest.o
|
2010-03-06 00:34:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2018-03-15 02:15:50 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-y += logic_pio.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006-12-07 12:39:16 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_HWEIGHT) += hweight.o
|
2010-03-06 00:34:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2009-11-21 03:13:39 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_BTREE) += btree.o
|
2014-03-17 20:21:54 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_INTERVAL_TREE) += interval_tree.o
|
Add a generic associative array implementation.
Add a generic associative array implementation that can be used as the
container for keyrings, thereby massively increasing the capacity available
whilst also speeding up searching in keyrings that contain a lot of keys.
This may also be useful in FS-Cache for tracking cookies.
Documentation is added into Documentation/associative_array.txt
Some of the properties of the implementation are:
(1) Objects are opaque pointers. The implementation does not care where they
point (if anywhere) or what they point to (if anything).
[!] NOTE: Pointers to objects _must_ be zero in the two least significant
bits.
(2) Objects do not need to contain linkage blocks for use by the array. This
permits an object to be located in multiple arrays simultaneously.
Rather, the array is made up of metadata blocks that point to objects.
(3) Objects are labelled as being one of two types (the type is a bool value).
This information is stored in the array, but has no consequence to the
array itself or its algorithms.
(4) Objects require index keys to locate them within the array.
(5) Index keys must be unique. Inserting an object with the same key as one
already in the array will replace the old object.
(6) Index keys can be of any length and can be of different lengths.
(7) Index keys should encode the length early on, before any variation due to
length is seen.
(8) Index keys can include a hash to scatter objects throughout the array.
(9) The array can iterated over. The objects will not necessarily come out in
key order.
(10) The array can be iterated whilst it is being modified, provided the RCU
readlock is being held by the iterator. Note, however, under these
circumstances, some objects may be seen more than once. If this is a
problem, the iterator should lock against modification. Objects will not
be missed, however, unless deleted.
(11) Objects in the array can be looked up by means of their index key.
(12) Objects can be looked up whilst the array is being modified, provided the
RCU readlock is being held by the thread doing the look up.
The implementation uses a tree of 16-pointer nodes internally that are indexed
on each level by nibbles from the index key. To improve memory efficiency,
shortcuts can be emplaced to skip over what would otherwise be a series of
single-occupancy nodes. Further, nodes pack leaf object pointers into spare
space in the node rather than making an extra branch until as such time an
object needs to be added to a full node.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
2013-09-24 17:35:17 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_ASSOCIATIVE_ARRAY) += assoc_array.o
|
2005-06-22 08:14:34 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_PREEMPT) += smp_processor_id.o
|
2006-09-29 16:59:00 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST) += list_debug.o
|
2008-04-30 15:55:01 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS) += debugobjects.o
|
2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2006-12-08 18:36:25 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_BITREVERSE) += bitrev.o
|
2009-06-11 21:51:15 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_RATIONAL) += rational.o
|
2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_CRC_CCITT) += crc-ccitt.o
|
2005-08-17 19:17:26 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_CRC16) += crc16.o
|
2008-06-25 23:22:42 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_CRC_T10DIF)+= crc-t10dif.o
|
2006-06-12 22:17:04 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_CRC_ITU_T) += crc-itu-t.o
|
2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_CRC32) += crc32.o
|
lib: add crc64 calculation routines
Patch series "add crc64 calculation as kernel library", v5.
This patchset adds basic implementation of crc64 calculation as a Linux
kernel library. Since bcache already does crc64 by itself, this patchset
also modifies bcache code to use the new crc64 library routine.
Currently bcache is the only user of crc64 calculation, another potential
user is bcachefs which is on the way to be in mainline kernel. Therefore
it makes sense to make crc64 calculation to be a public library.
bcache uses crc64 as storage checksum, if a change of crc lib routines
results an inconsistent result, the unmatched checksum may make bcache
'think' the on-disk is corrupted, such a change should be avoided or
detected as early as possible. Therefore a patch is being prepared which
adds a crc test framework, to check consistency of different calculations.
This patch (of 2):
Add the re-write crc64 calculation routines for Linux kernel. The CRC64
polynomical arithmetic follows ECMA-182 specification, inspired by CRC
paper of Dr. Ross N. Williams (see
http://www.ross.net/crc/download/crc_v3.txt) and other public domain
implementations.
All the changes work in this way,
- When Linux kernel is built, host program lib/gen_crc64table.c will be
compiled to lib/gen_crc64table and executed.
- The output of gen_crc64table execution is an array called as lookup
table (a.k.a POLY 0x42f0e1eba9ea369) which contain 256 64-bit long
numbers, this table is dumped into header file lib/crc64table.h.
- Then the header file is included by lib/crc64.c for normal 64bit crc
calculation.
- Function declaration of the crc64 calculation routines is placed in
include/linux/crc64.h
Currently bcache is the only user of crc64_be(), another potential user is
bcachefs which is on the way to be in mainline kernel. Therefore it makes
sense to move crc64 calculation into lib/crc64.c as public code.
[colyli@suse.de: fix review comments from v4]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180726053352.2781-2-colyli@suse.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180718165545.1622-2-colyli@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de>
Co-developed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michael Lyle <mlyle@lyle.org>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers3@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Noah Massey <noah.massey@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-08-22 12:57:11 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_CRC64) += crc64.o
|
2017-02-25 07:00:49 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_CRC32_SELFTEST) += crc32test.o
|
2017-06-07 05:08:39 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_CRC4) += crc4.o
|
2007-07-17 19:04:03 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_CRC7) += crc7.o
|
2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_LIBCRC32C) += libcrc32c.o
|
2011-05-31 17:22:15 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_CRC8) += crc8.o
|
lib: Add xxhash module
Adds xxhash kernel module with xxh32 and xxh64 hashes. xxhash is an
extremely fast non-cryptographic hash algorithm for checksumming.
The zstd compression and decompression modules added in the next patch
require xxhash. I extracted it out from zstd since it is useful on its
own. I copied the code from the upstream XXHash source repository and
translated it into kernel style. I ran benchmarks and tests in the kernel
and tests in userland.
I benchmarked xxhash as a special character device. I ran in four modes,
no-op, xxh32, xxh64, and crc32. The no-op mode simply copies the data to
kernel space and ignores it. The xxh32, xxh64, and crc32 modes compute
hashes on the copied data. I also ran it with four different buffer sizes.
The benchmark file is located in the upstream zstd source repository under
`contrib/linux-kernel/xxhash_test.c` [1].
I ran the benchmarks on a Ubuntu 14.04 VM with 2 cores and 4 GiB of RAM.
The VM is running on a MacBook Pro with a 3.1 GHz Intel Core i7 processor,
16 GB of RAM, and a SSD. I benchmarked using the file `filesystem.squashfs`
from `ubuntu-16.10-desktop-amd64.iso`, which is 1,536,217,088 B large.
Run the following commands for the benchmark:
modprobe xxhash_test
mknod xxhash_test c 245 0
time cp filesystem.squashfs xxhash_test
The time is reported by the time of the userland `cp`.
The GB/s is computed with
1,536,217,008 B / time(buffer size, hash)
which includes the time to copy from userland.
The Normalized GB/s is computed with
1,536,217,088 B / (time(buffer size, hash) - time(buffer size, none)).
| Buffer Size (B) | Hash | Time (s) | GB/s | Adjusted GB/s |
|-----------------|-------|----------|------|---------------|
| 1024 | none | 0.408 | 3.77 | - |
| 1024 | xxh32 | 0.649 | 2.37 | 6.37 |
| 1024 | xxh64 | 0.542 | 2.83 | 11.46 |
| 1024 | crc32 | 1.290 | 1.19 | 1.74 |
| 4096 | none | 0.380 | 4.04 | - |
| 4096 | xxh32 | 0.645 | 2.38 | 5.79 |
| 4096 | xxh64 | 0.500 | 3.07 | 12.80 |
| 4096 | crc32 | 1.168 | 1.32 | 1.95 |
| 8192 | none | 0.351 | 4.38 | - |
| 8192 | xxh32 | 0.614 | 2.50 | 5.84 |
| 8192 | xxh64 | 0.464 | 3.31 | 13.60 |
| 8192 | crc32 | 1.163 | 1.32 | 1.89 |
| 16384 | none | 0.346 | 4.43 | - |
| 16384 | xxh32 | 0.590 | 2.60 | 6.30 |
| 16384 | xxh64 | 0.466 | 3.30 | 12.80 |
| 16384 | crc32 | 1.183 | 1.30 | 1.84 |
Tested in userland using the test-suite in the zstd repo under
`contrib/linux-kernel/test/XXHashUserlandTest.cpp` [2] by mocking the
kernel functions. A line in each branch of every function in `xxhash.c`
was commented out to ensure that the test-suite fails. Additionally
tested while testing zstd and with SMHasher [3].
[1] https://phabricator.intern.facebook.com/P57526246
[2] https://github.com/facebook/zstd/blob/dev/contrib/linux-kernel/test/XXHashUserlandTest.cpp
[3] https://github.com/aappleby/smhasher
zstd source repository: https://github.com/facebook/zstd
XXHash source repository: https://github.com/cyan4973/xxhash
Signed-off-by: Nick Terrell <terrelln@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
2017-08-05 04:19:17 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_XXHASH) += xxhash.o
|
2005-06-22 08:15:02 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_ALLOCATOR) += genalloc.o
|
2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2015-05-08 01:49:14 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_842_COMPRESS) += 842/
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_842_DECOMPRESS) += 842/
|
2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_ZLIB_INFLATE) += zlib_inflate/
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_ZLIB_DEFLATE) += zlib_deflate/
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_REED_SOLOMON) += reed_solomon/
|
lib: add shared BCH ECC library
This is a new software BCH encoding/decoding library, similar to the shared
Reed-Solomon library.
Binary BCH (Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem) codes are widely used to correct
errors in NAND flash devices requiring more than 1-bit ecc correction; they
are generally better suited for NAND flash than RS codes because NAND bit
errors do not occur in bursts. Latest SLC NAND devices typically require at
least 4-bit ecc protection per 512 bytes block.
This library provides software encoding/decoding, but may also be used with
ASIC/SoC hardware BCH engines to perform error correction. It is being
currently used for this purpose on an OMAP3630 board (4bit/8bit HW BCH). It
has also been used to decode raw dumps of NAND devices with on-die BCH ecc
engines (e.g. Micron 4bit ecc SLC devices).
Latest NAND devices (including SLC) can exhibit high error rates (typically
a dozen or more bitflips per hour during stress tests); in order to
minimize the performance impact of error correction, this library
implements recently developed algorithms for fast polynomial root finding
(see bch.c header for details) instead of the traditional exhaustive Chien
root search; a few performance figures are provided below:
Platform: arm926ejs @ 468 MHz, 32 KiB icache, 16 KiB dcache
BCH ecc : 4-bit per 512 bytes
Encoding average throughput: 250 Mbits/s
Error correction time (compared with Chien search):
average worst average (Chien) worst (Chien)
----------------------------------------------------------
1 bit 8.5 µs 11 µs 200 µs 383 µs
2 bit 9.7 µs 12.5 µs 477 µs 728 µs
3 bit 18.1 µs 20.6 µs 758 µs 1010 µs
4 bit 19.5 µs 23 µs 1028 µs 1280 µs
In the above figures, "worst" is meant in terms of error pattern, not in
terms of cache miss / page faults effects (not taken into account here).
The library has been extensively tested on the following platforms: x86,
x86_64, arm926ejs, omap3630, qemu-ppc64, qemu-mips.
Signed-off-by: Ivan Djelic <ivan.djelic@parrot.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
2011-03-11 18:05:32 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_BCH) += bch.o
|
2007-07-11 08:22:24 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_LZO_COMPRESS) += lzo/
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_LZO_DECOMPRESS) += lzo/
|
2013-07-09 07:01:49 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_LZ4_COMPRESS) += lz4/
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_LZ4HC_COMPRESS) += lz4/
|
2013-07-09 07:01:46 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_LZ4_DECOMPRESS) += lz4/
|
lib: Add zstd modules
Add zstd compression and decompression kernel modules.
zstd offers a wide varity of compression speed and quality trade-offs.
It can compress at speeds approaching lz4, and quality approaching lzma.
zstd decompressions at speeds more than twice as fast as zlib, and
decompression speed remains roughly the same across all compression levels.
The code was ported from the upstream zstd source repository. The
`linux/zstd.h` header was modified to match linux kernel style.
The cross-platform and allocation code was stripped out. Instead zstd
requires the caller to pass a preallocated workspace. The source files
were clang-formatted [1] to match the Linux Kernel style as much as
possible. Otherwise, the code was unmodified. We would like to avoid
as much further manual modification to the source code as possible, so it
will be easier to keep the kernel zstd up to date.
I benchmarked zstd compression as a special character device. I ran zstd
and zlib compression at several levels, as well as performing no
compression, which measure the time spent copying the data to kernel space.
Data is passed to the compresser 4096 B at a time. The benchmark file is
located in the upstream zstd source repository under
`contrib/linux-kernel/zstd_compress_test.c` [2].
I ran the benchmarks on a Ubuntu 14.04 VM with 2 cores and 4 GiB of RAM.
The VM is running on a MacBook Pro with a 3.1 GHz Intel Core i7 processor,
16 GB of RAM, and a SSD. I benchmarked using `silesia.tar` [3], which is
211,988,480 B large. Run the following commands for the benchmark:
sudo modprobe zstd_compress_test
sudo mknod zstd_compress_test c 245 0
sudo cp silesia.tar zstd_compress_test
The time is reported by the time of the userland `cp`.
The MB/s is computed with
1,536,217,008 B / time(buffer size, hash)
which includes the time to copy from userland.
The Adjusted MB/s is computed with
1,536,217,088 B / (time(buffer size, hash) - time(buffer size, none)).
The memory reported is the amount of memory the compressor requests.
| Method | Size (B) | Time (s) | Ratio | MB/s | Adj MB/s | Mem (MB) |
|----------|----------|----------|-------|---------|----------|----------|
| none | 11988480 | 0.100 | 1 | 2119.88 | - | - |
| zstd -1 | 73645762 | 1.044 | 2.878 | 203.05 | 224.56 | 1.23 |
| zstd -3 | 66988878 | 1.761 | 3.165 | 120.38 | 127.63 | 2.47 |
| zstd -5 | 65001259 | 2.563 | 3.261 | 82.71 | 86.07 | 2.86 |
| zstd -10 | 60165346 | 13.242 | 3.523 | 16.01 | 16.13 | 13.22 |
| zstd -15 | 58009756 | 47.601 | 3.654 | 4.45 | 4.46 | 21.61 |
| zstd -19 | 54014593 | 102.835 | 3.925 | 2.06 | 2.06 | 60.15 |
| zlib -1 | 77260026 | 2.895 | 2.744 | 73.23 | 75.85 | 0.27 |
| zlib -3 | 72972206 | 4.116 | 2.905 | 51.50 | 52.79 | 0.27 |
| zlib -6 | 68190360 | 9.633 | 3.109 | 22.01 | 22.24 | 0.27 |
| zlib -9 | 67613382 | 22.554 | 3.135 | 9.40 | 9.44 | 0.27 |
I benchmarked zstd decompression using the same method on the same machine.
The benchmark file is located in the upstream zstd repo under
`contrib/linux-kernel/zstd_decompress_test.c` [4]. The memory reported is
the amount of memory required to decompress data compressed with the given
compression level. If you know the maximum size of your input, you can
reduce the memory usage of decompression irrespective of the compression
level.
| Method | Time (s) | MB/s | Adjusted MB/s | Memory (MB) |
|----------|----------|---------|---------------|-------------|
| none | 0.025 | 8479.54 | - | - |
| zstd -1 | 0.358 | 592.15 | 636.60 | 0.84 |
| zstd -3 | 0.396 | 535.32 | 571.40 | 1.46 |
| zstd -5 | 0.396 | 535.32 | 571.40 | 1.46 |
| zstd -10 | 0.374 | 566.81 | 607.42 | 2.51 |
| zstd -15 | 0.379 | 559.34 | 598.84 | 4.61 |
| zstd -19 | 0.412 | 514.54 | 547.77 | 8.80 |
| zlib -1 | 0.940 | 225.52 | 231.68 | 0.04 |
| zlib -3 | 0.883 | 240.08 | 247.07 | 0.04 |
| zlib -6 | 0.844 | 251.17 | 258.84 | 0.04 |
| zlib -9 | 0.837 | 253.27 | 287.64 | 0.04 |
Tested in userland using the test-suite in the zstd repo under
`contrib/linux-kernel/test/UserlandTest.cpp` [5] by mocking the kernel
functions. Fuzz tested using libfuzzer [6] with the fuzz harnesses under
`contrib/linux-kernel/test/{RoundTripCrash.c,DecompressCrash.c}` [7] [8]
with ASAN, UBSAN, and MSAN. Additionaly, it was tested while testing the
BtrFS and SquashFS patches coming next.
[1] https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormat.html
[2] https://github.com/facebook/zstd/blob/dev/contrib/linux-kernel/zstd_compress_test.c
[3] http://sun.aei.polsl.pl/~sdeor/index.php?page=silesia
[4] https://github.com/facebook/zstd/blob/dev/contrib/linux-kernel/zstd_decompress_test.c
[5] https://github.com/facebook/zstd/blob/dev/contrib/linux-kernel/test/UserlandTest.cpp
[6] http://llvm.org/docs/LibFuzzer.html
[7] https://github.com/facebook/zstd/blob/dev/contrib/linux-kernel/test/RoundTripCrash.c
[8] https://github.com/facebook/zstd/blob/dev/contrib/linux-kernel/test/DecompressCrash.c
zstd source repository: https://github.com/facebook/zstd
Signed-off-by: Nick Terrell <terrelln@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
2017-08-10 10:35:53 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_ZSTD_COMPRESS) += zstd/
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_ZSTD_DECOMPRESS) += zstd/
|
2011-01-13 09:01:22 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_XZ_DEC) += xz/
|
2009-07-13 18:35:12 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_RAID6_PQ) += raid6/
|
2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2009-01-09 07:14:17 +08:00
|
|
|
lib-$(CONFIG_DECOMPRESS_GZIP) += decompress_inflate.o
|
|
|
|
|
lib-$(CONFIG_DECOMPRESS_BZIP2) += decompress_bunzip2.o
|
|
|
|
|
lib-$(CONFIG_DECOMPRESS_LZMA) += decompress_unlzma.o
|
decompressors: add boot-time XZ support
This implements the API defined in <linux/decompress/generic.h> which is
used for kernel, initramfs, and initrd decompression. This patch together
with the first patch is enough for XZ-compressed initramfs and initrd;
XZ-compressed kernel will need arch-specific changes.
The buffering requirements described in decompress_unxz.c are stricter
than with gzip, so the relevant changes should be done to the
arch-specific code when adding support for XZ-compressed kernel.
Similarly, the heap size in arch-specific pre-boot code may need to be
increased (30 KiB is enough).
The XZ decompressor needs memmove(), memeq() (memcmp() == 0), and
memzero() (memset(ptr, 0, size)), which aren't available in all
arch-specific pre-boot environments. I'm including simple versions in
decompress_unxz.c, but a cleaner solution would naturally be nicer.
Signed-off-by: Lasse Collin <lasse.collin@tukaani.org>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Alain Knaff <alain@knaff.lu>
Cc: Albin Tonnerre <albin.tonnerre@free-electrons.com>
Cc: Phillip Lougher <phillip@lougher.demon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2011-01-13 09:01:23 +08:00
|
|
|
lib-$(CONFIG_DECOMPRESS_XZ) += decompress_unxz.o
|
2010-01-09 06:42:46 +08:00
|
|
|
lib-$(CONFIG_DECOMPRESS_LZO) += decompress_unlzo.o
|
2013-07-09 07:01:46 +08:00
|
|
|
lib-$(CONFIG_DECOMPRESS_LZ4) += decompress_unlz4.o
|
2009-01-06 05:48:31 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2005-06-24 14:49:52 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEXTSEARCH) += textsearch.o
|
[LIB]: Knuth-Morris-Pratt textsearch algorithm
Implements a linear-time string-matching algorithm due to Knuth,
Morris, and Pratt [1]. Their algorithm avoids the explicit
computation of the transition function DELTA altogether. Its
matching time is O(n), for n being length(text), using just an
auxiliary function PI[1..m], for m being length(pattern),
precomputed from the pattern in time O(m). The array PI allows
the transition function DELTA to be computed efficiently
"on the fly" as needed. Roughly speaking, for any state
"q" = 0,1,...,m and any character "a" in SIGMA, the value
PI["q"] contains the information that is independent of "a" and
is needed to compute DELTA("q", "a") [2]. Since the array PI
has only m entries, whereas DELTA has O(m|SIGMA|) entries, we
save a factor of |SIGMA| in the preprocessing time by computing
PI rather than DELTA.
[1] Cormen, Leiserson, Rivest, Stein
Introdcution to Algorithms, 2nd Edition, MIT Press
[2] See finite automation theory
Signed-off-by: Thomas Graf <tgraf@suug.ch>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2005-06-24 11:58:37 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEXTSEARCH_KMP) += ts_kmp.o
|
2005-08-26 07:12:22 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEXTSEARCH_BM) += ts_bm.o
|
2005-06-24 11:59:16 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_TEXTSEARCH_FSM) += ts_fsm.o
|
2006-06-23 17:05:40 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_SMP) += percpu_counter.o
|
2006-09-12 15:04:40 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_AUDIT_GENERIC) += audit.o
|
2014-03-15 13:48:00 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_AUDIT_COMPAT_GENERIC) += compat_audit.o
|
2005-06-24 11:49:30 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2018-04-03 21:34:58 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_IOMMU_HELPER) += iommu-helper.o
|
2006-12-08 18:39:43 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_FAULT_INJECTION) += fault-inject.o
|
2012-07-31 05:43:02 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION) += notifier-error-inject.o
|
2012-07-31 05:43:07 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_PM_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT) += pm-notifier-error-inject.o
|
2015-11-28 20:45:28 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_NETDEV_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT) += netdev-notifier-error-inject.o
|
2012-07-31 05:43:10 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_MEMORY_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT) += memory-notifier-error-inject.o
|
2012-12-14 07:32:52 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_OF_RECONFIG_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT) += \
|
|
|
|
|
of-reconfig-notifier-error-inject.o
|
2018-01-13 01:55:03 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_FUNCTION_ERROR_INJECTION) += error-inject.o
|
2005-09-30 05:42:42 +08:00
|
|
|
|
[PATCH] Generic BUG implementation
This patch adds common handling for kernel BUGs, for use by architectures as
they wish. The code is derived from arch/powerpc.
The advantages of having common BUG handling are:
- consistent BUG reporting across architectures
- shared implementation of out-of-line file/line data
- implement CONFIG_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE consistently
This means that in inline impact of BUG is just the illegal instruction
itself, which is an improvement for i386 and x86-64.
A BUG is represented in the instruction stream as an illegal instruction,
which has file/line information associated with it. This extra information is
stored in the __bug_table section in the ELF file.
When the kernel gets an illegal instruction, it first confirms it might
possibly be from a BUG (ie, in kernel mode, the right illegal instruction).
It then calls report_bug(). This searches __bug_table for a matching
instruction pointer, and if found, prints the corresponding file/line
information. If report_bug() determines that it wasn't a BUG which caused the
trap, it returns BUG_TRAP_TYPE_NONE.
Some architectures (powerpc) implement WARN using the same mechanism; if the
illegal instruction was the result of a WARN, then report_bug(Q) returns
CONFIG_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE; otherwise it returns BUG_TRAP_TYPE_BUG.
lib/bug.c keeps a list of loaded modules which can be searched for __bug_table
entries. The architecture must call
module_bug_finalize()/module_bug_cleanup() from its corresponding
module_finalize/cleanup functions.
Unsetting CONFIG_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE will reduce the kernel size by some amount.
At the very least, filename and line information will not be recorded for each
but, but architectures may decide to store no extra information per BUG at
all.
Unfortunately, gcc doesn't have a general way to mark an asm() as noreturn, so
architectures will generally have to include an infinite loop (or similar) in
the BUG code, so that gcc knows execution won't continue beyond that point.
gcc does have a __builtin_trap() operator which may be useful to achieve the
same effect, unfortunately it cannot be used to actually implement the BUG
itself, because there's no way to get the instruction's address for use in
generating the __bug_table entry.
[randy.dunlap@oracle.com: Handle BUG=n, GENERIC_BUG=n to prevent build errors]
[bunk@stusta.de: include/linux/bug.h must always #include <linux/module.h]
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Cc: Hugh Dickens <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-08 18:36:19 +08:00
|
|
|
lib-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_BUG) += bug.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008-07-26 10:45:59 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK) += syscall.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-02-06 00:51:38 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG) += dynamic_debug.o
|
driver core: basic infrastructure for per-module dynamic debug messages
Base infrastructure to enable per-module debug messages.
I've introduced CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG, which when enabled centralizes
control of debugging statements on a per-module basis in one /proc file,
currently, <debugfs>/dynamic_printk/modules. When, CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG,
is not set, debugging statements can still be enabled as before, often by
defining 'DEBUG' for the proper compilation unit. Thus, this patch set has no
affect when CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG is not set.
The infrastructure currently ties into all pr_debug() and dev_dbg() calls. That
is, if CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG is set, all pr_debug() and dev_dbg() calls
can be dynamically enabled/disabled on a per-module basis.
Future plans include extending this functionality to subsystems, that define
their own debug levels and flags.
Usage:
Dynamic debugging is controlled by the debugfs file,
<debugfs>/dynamic_printk/modules. This file contains a list of the modules that
can be enabled. The format of the file is as follows:
<module_name> <enabled=0/1>
.
.
.
<module_name> : Name of the module in which the debug call resides
<enabled=0/1> : whether the messages are enabled or not
For example:
snd_hda_intel enabled=0
fixup enabled=1
driver enabled=0
Enable a module:
$echo "set enabled=1 <module_name>" > dynamic_printk/modules
Disable a module:
$echo "set enabled=0 <module_name>" > dynamic_printk/modules
Enable all modules:
$echo "set enabled=1 all" > dynamic_printk/modules
Disable all modules:
$echo "set enabled=0 all" > dynamic_printk/modules
Finally, passing "dynamic_printk" at the command line enables
debugging for all modules. This mode can be turned off via the above
disable command.
[gkh: minor cleanups and tweaks to make the build work quietly]
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2008-08-13 04:46:19 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2009-03-04 14:53:30 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_NLATTR) += nlattr.o
|
driver core: basic infrastructure for per-module dynamic debug messages
Base infrastructure to enable per-module debug messages.
I've introduced CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG, which when enabled centralizes
control of debugging statements on a per-module basis in one /proc file,
currently, <debugfs>/dynamic_printk/modules. When, CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG,
is not set, debugging statements can still be enabled as before, often by
defining 'DEBUG' for the proper compilation unit. Thus, this patch set has no
affect when CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG is not set.
The infrastructure currently ties into all pr_debug() and dev_dbg() calls. That
is, if CONFIG_DYNAMIC_PRINTK_DEBUG is set, all pr_debug() and dev_dbg() calls
can be dynamically enabled/disabled on a per-module basis.
Future plans include extending this functionality to subsystems, that define
their own debug levels and flags.
Usage:
Dynamic debugging is controlled by the debugfs file,
<debugfs>/dynamic_printk/modules. This file contains a list of the modules that
can be enabled. The format of the file is as follows:
<module_name> <enabled=0/1>
.
.
.
<module_name> : Name of the module in which the debug call resides
<enabled=0/1> : whether the messages are enabled or not
For example:
snd_hda_intel enabled=0
fixup enabled=1
driver enabled=0
Enable a module:
$echo "set enabled=1 <module_name>" > dynamic_printk/modules
Disable a module:
$echo "set enabled=0 <module_name>" > dynamic_printk/modules
Enable all modules:
$echo "set enabled=1 all" > dynamic_printk/modules
Disable all modules:
$echo "set enabled=0 all" > dynamic_printk/modules
Finally, passing "dynamic_printk" at the command line enables
debugging for all modules. This mode can be turned off via the above
disable command.
[gkh: minor cleanups and tweaks to make the build work quietly]
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2008-08-13 04:46:19 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2009-09-26 07:07:19 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_LRU_CACHE) += lru_cache.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-05-14 06:56:38 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_CSUM) += checksum.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-06-13 05:10:05 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_ATOMIC64) += atomic64.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010-02-24 17:54:24 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_ATOMIC64_SELFTEST) += atomic64_test.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011-01-19 19:03:25 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_CPU_RMAP) += cpu_rmap.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011-05-31 17:22:16 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_CORDIC) += cordic.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
dql: Dynamic queue limits
Implementation of dynamic queue limits (dql). This is a libary which
allows a queue limit to be dynamically managed. The goal of dql is
to set the queue limit, number of objects to the queue, to be minimized
without allowing the queue to be starved.
dql would be used with a queue which has these properties:
1) Objects are queued up to some limit which can be expressed as a
count of objects.
2) Periodically a completion process executes which retires consumed
objects.
3) Starvation occurs when limit has been reached, all queued data has
actually been consumed but completion processing has not yet run,
so queuing new data is blocked.
4) Minimizing the amount of queued data is desirable.
A canonical example of such a queue would be a NIC HW transmit queue.
The queue limit is dynamic, it will increase or decrease over time
depending on the workload. The queue limit is recalculated each time
completion processing is done. Increases occur when the queue is
starved and can exponentially increase over successive intervals.
Decreases occur when more data is being maintained in the queue than
needed to prevent starvation. The number of extra objects, or "slack",
is measured over successive intervals, and to avoid hysteresis the
limit is only reduced by the miminum slack seen over a configurable
time period.
dql API provides routines to manage the queue:
- dql_init is called to intialize the dql structure
- dql_reset is called to reset dynamic values
- dql_queued called when objects are being enqueued
- dql_avail returns availability in the queue
- dql_completed is called when objects have be consumed in the queue
Configuration consists of:
- max_limit, maximum limit
- min_limit, minimum limit
- slack_hold_time, time to measure instances of slack before reducing
queue limit
Signed-off-by: Tom Herbert <therbert@google.com>
Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2011-11-29 00:32:35 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_DQL) += dynamic_queue_limits.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2014-08-07 07:09:23 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GLOB) += glob.o
|
2017-02-25 07:00:52 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GLOB_SELFTEST) += globtest.o
|
2014-08-07 07:09:23 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2011-08-31 19:05:16 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_MPILIB) += mpi/
|
2012-01-17 23:12:03 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_SIGNATURE) += digsig.o
|
2011-08-31 19:05:16 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2016-01-21 06:59:12 +08:00
|
|
|
lib-$(CONFIG_CLZ_TAB) += clz_tab.o
|
2012-02-02 06:17:54 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2012-04-27 20:24:03 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_DDR) += jedec_ddr_data.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012-05-25 04:12:28 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_STRNCPY_FROM_USER) += strncpy_from_user.o
|
2012-05-27 02:06:38 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_STRNLEN_USER) += strnlen_user.o
|
2012-05-25 04:12:28 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2013-06-05 00:46:26 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_NET_UTILS) += net_utils.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
lib: scatterlist: add sg splitting function
Sometimes a scatter-gather has to be split into several chunks, or sub
scatter lists. This happens for example if a scatter list will be
handled by multiple DMA channels, each one filling a part of it.
A concrete example comes with the media V4L2 API, where the scatter list
is allocated from userspace to hold an image, regardless of the
knowledge of how many DMAs will fill it :
- in a simple RGB565 case, one DMA will pump data from the camera ISP
to memory
- in the trickier YUV422 case, 3 DMAs will pump data from the camera
ISP pipes, one for pipe Y, one for pipe U and one for pipe V
For these cases, it is necessary to split the original scatter list into
multiple scatter lists, which is the purpose of this patch.
The guarantees that are required for this patch are :
- the intersection of spans of any couple of resulting scatter lists is
empty.
- the union of spans of all resulting scatter lists is a subrange of
the span of the original scatter list.
- streaming DMA API operations (mapping, unmapping) should not happen
both on both the resulting and the original scatter list. It's either
the first or the later ones.
- the caller is reponsible to call kfree() on the resulting
scatterlists.
Signed-off-by: Robert Jarzmik <robert.jarzmik@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
2015-08-08 16:44:10 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_SG_SPLIT) += sg_split.o
|
2016-04-05 05:48:11 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_SG_POOL) += sg_pool.o
|
lib: add support for stmp-style devices
MX23/28 use IP cores which follow a register layout I have first seen on
STMP3xxx SoCs. In this layout, every register actually has four u32:
1.) to store a value directly
2.) a SET register where every 1-bit sets the corresponding bit,
others are unaffected
3.) same with a CLR register
4.) same with a TOG (toggle) register
Also, the 2 MSBs in register 0 are always the same and can be used to reset
the IP core.
All this is strictly speaking not mach-specific (but IP core specific) and,
thus, doesn't need to be in mach-mxs/include. At least mx6 also uses IP cores
following this stmp-style. So:
Introduce a stmp-style device, put the code and defines for that in a public
place (lib/), and let drivers for stmp-style devices select that code.
To avoid regressions and ease reviewing, the actual code is simply copied from
mach-mxs. It definately wants updates, but those need a seperate patch series.
Voila, mach dependency gone, reusable code introduced. Note that I didn't
remove the duplicated code from mach-mxs yet, first the drivers have to be
converted.
Signed-off-by: Wolfram Sang <w.sang@pengutronix.de>
Acked-by: Shawn Guo <shawn.guo@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Dong Aisheng <dong.aisheng@linaro.org>
2011-09-01 02:35:40 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_STMP_DEVICE) += stmp_device.o
|
2015-11-10 21:56:14 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_IRQ_POLL) += irq_poll.o
|
lib: add support for stmp-style devices
MX23/28 use IP cores which follow a register layout I have first seen on
STMP3xxx SoCs. In this layout, every register actually has four u32:
1.) to store a value directly
2.) a SET register where every 1-bit sets the corresponding bit,
others are unaffected
3.) same with a CLR register
4.) same with a TOG (toggle) register
Also, the 2 MSBs in register 0 are always the same and can be used to reset
the IP core.
All this is strictly speaking not mach-specific (but IP core specific) and,
thus, doesn't need to be in mach-mxs/include. At least mx6 also uses IP cores
following this stmp-style. So:
Introduce a stmp-style device, put the code and defines for that in a public
place (lib/), and let drivers for stmp-style devices select that code.
To avoid regressions and ease reviewing, the actual code is simply copied from
mach-mxs. It definately wants updates, but those need a seperate patch series.
Voila, mach dependency gone, reusable code introduced. Note that I didn't
remove the duplicated code from mach-mxs yet, first the drivers have to be
converted.
Signed-off-by: Wolfram Sang <w.sang@pengutronix.de>
Acked-by: Shawn Guo <shawn.guo@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Dong Aisheng <dong.aisheng@linaro.org>
2011-09-01 02:35:40 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2016-03-26 05:22:08 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_STACKDEPOT) += stackdepot.o
|
|
|
|
|
KASAN_SANITIZE_stackdepot.o := n
|
2016-10-12 04:54:47 +08:00
|
|
|
KCOV_INSTRUMENT_stackdepot.o := n
|
2016-03-26 05:22:08 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2014-02-05 00:11:10 +08:00
|
|
|
libfdt_files = fdt.o fdt_ro.o fdt_wip.o fdt_rw.o fdt_sw.o fdt_strerror.o \
|
|
|
|
|
fdt_empty_tree.o
|
2012-07-06 00:12:38 +08:00
|
|
|
$(foreach file, $(libfdt_files), \
|
|
|
|
|
$(eval CFLAGS_$(file) = -I$(src)/../scripts/dtc/libfdt))
|
|
|
|
|
lib-$(CONFIG_LIBFDT) += $(libfdt_files)
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012-10-09 07:30:39 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_RBTREE_TEST) += rbtree_test.o
|
rbtree: add prio tree and interval tree tests
Patch 1 implements support for interval trees, on top of the augmented
rbtree API. It also adds synthetic tests to compare the performance of
interval trees vs prio trees. Short answers is that interval trees are
slightly faster (~25%) on insert/erase, and much faster (~2.4 - 3x)
on search. It is debatable how realistic the synthetic test is, and I have
not made such measurements yet, but my impression is that interval trees
would still come out faster.
Patch 2 uses a preprocessor template to make the interval tree generic,
and uses it as a replacement for the vma prio_tree.
Patch 3 takes the other prio_tree user, kmemleak, and converts it to use
a basic rbtree. We don't actually need the augmented rbtree support here
because the intervals are always non-overlapping.
Patch 4 removes the now-unused prio tree library.
Patch 5 proposes an additional optimization to rb_erase_augmented, now
providing it as an inline function so that the augmented callbacks can be
inlined in. This provides an additional 5-10% performance improvement
for the interval tree insert/erase benchmark. There is a maintainance cost
as it exposes augmented rbtree users to some of the rbtree library internals;
however I think this cost shouldn't be too high as I expect the augmented
rbtree will always have much less users than the base rbtree.
I should probably add a quick summary of why I think it makes sense to
replace prio trees with augmented rbtree based interval trees now. One of
the drivers is that we need augmented rbtrees for Rik's vma gap finding
code, and once you have them, it just makes sense to use them for interval
trees as well, as this is the simpler and more well known algorithm. prio
trees, in comparison, seem *too* clever: they impose an additional 'heap'
constraint on the tree, which they use to guarantee a faster worst-case
complexity of O(k+log N) for stabbing queries in a well-balanced prio
tree, vs O(k*log N) for interval trees (where k=number of matches,
N=number of intervals). Now this sounds great, but in practice prio trees
don't realize this theorical benefit. First, the additional constraint
makes them harder to update, so that the kernel implementation has to
simplify things by balancing them like a radix tree, which is not always
ideal. Second, the fact that there are both index and heap properties
makes both tree manipulation and search more complex, which results in a
higher multiplicative time constant. As it turns out, the simple interval
tree algorithm ends up running faster than the more clever prio tree.
This patch:
Add two test modules:
- prio_tree_test measures the performance of lib/prio_tree.c, both for
insertion/removal and for stabbing searches
- interval_tree_test measures the performance of a library of equivalent
functionality, built using the augmented rbtree support.
In order to support the second test module, lib/interval_tree.c is
introduced. It is kept separate from the interval_tree_test main file
for two reasons: first we don't want to provide an unfair advantage
over prio_tree_test by having everything in a single compilation unit,
and second there is the possibility that the interval tree functionality
could get some non-test users in kernel over time.
Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-10-09 07:31:23 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_INTERVAL_TREE_TEST) += interval_tree_test.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2013-11-13 07:08:34 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_PERCPU_TEST) += percpu_test.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012-09-25 00:11:16 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_ASN1) += asn1_decoder.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2013-06-09 17:46:43 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_FONT_SUPPORT) += fonts/
|
|
|
|
|
|
2016-12-22 22:45:14 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_PRIME_NUMBERS) += prime_numbers.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
|
|
|
hostprogs-y := gen_crc32table
|
lib: add crc64 calculation routines
Patch series "add crc64 calculation as kernel library", v5.
This patchset adds basic implementation of crc64 calculation as a Linux
kernel library. Since bcache already does crc64 by itself, this patchset
also modifies bcache code to use the new crc64 library routine.
Currently bcache is the only user of crc64 calculation, another potential
user is bcachefs which is on the way to be in mainline kernel. Therefore
it makes sense to make crc64 calculation to be a public library.
bcache uses crc64 as storage checksum, if a change of crc lib routines
results an inconsistent result, the unmatched checksum may make bcache
'think' the on-disk is corrupted, such a change should be avoided or
detected as early as possible. Therefore a patch is being prepared which
adds a crc test framework, to check consistency of different calculations.
This patch (of 2):
Add the re-write crc64 calculation routines for Linux kernel. The CRC64
polynomical arithmetic follows ECMA-182 specification, inspired by CRC
paper of Dr. Ross N. Williams (see
http://www.ross.net/crc/download/crc_v3.txt) and other public domain
implementations.
All the changes work in this way,
- When Linux kernel is built, host program lib/gen_crc64table.c will be
compiled to lib/gen_crc64table and executed.
- The output of gen_crc64table execution is an array called as lookup
table (a.k.a POLY 0x42f0e1eba9ea369) which contain 256 64-bit long
numbers, this table is dumped into header file lib/crc64table.h.
- Then the header file is included by lib/crc64.c for normal 64bit crc
calculation.
- Function declaration of the crc64 calculation routines is placed in
include/linux/crc64.h
Currently bcache is the only user of crc64_be(), another potential user is
bcachefs which is on the way to be in mainline kernel. Therefore it makes
sense to move crc64 calculation into lib/crc64.c as public code.
[colyli@suse.de: fix review comments from v4]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180726053352.2781-2-colyli@suse.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180718165545.1622-2-colyli@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de>
Co-developed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michael Lyle <mlyle@lyle.org>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers3@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Noah Massey <noah.massey@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-08-22 12:57:11 +08:00
|
|
|
hostprogs-y += gen_crc64table
|
2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
|
|
|
clean-files := crc32table.h
|
lib: add crc64 calculation routines
Patch series "add crc64 calculation as kernel library", v5.
This patchset adds basic implementation of crc64 calculation as a Linux
kernel library. Since bcache already does crc64 by itself, this patchset
also modifies bcache code to use the new crc64 library routine.
Currently bcache is the only user of crc64 calculation, another potential
user is bcachefs which is on the way to be in mainline kernel. Therefore
it makes sense to make crc64 calculation to be a public library.
bcache uses crc64 as storage checksum, if a change of crc lib routines
results an inconsistent result, the unmatched checksum may make bcache
'think' the on-disk is corrupted, such a change should be avoided or
detected as early as possible. Therefore a patch is being prepared which
adds a crc test framework, to check consistency of different calculations.
This patch (of 2):
Add the re-write crc64 calculation routines for Linux kernel. The CRC64
polynomical arithmetic follows ECMA-182 specification, inspired by CRC
paper of Dr. Ross N. Williams (see
http://www.ross.net/crc/download/crc_v3.txt) and other public domain
implementations.
All the changes work in this way,
- When Linux kernel is built, host program lib/gen_crc64table.c will be
compiled to lib/gen_crc64table and executed.
- The output of gen_crc64table execution is an array called as lookup
table (a.k.a POLY 0x42f0e1eba9ea369) which contain 256 64-bit long
numbers, this table is dumped into header file lib/crc64table.h.
- Then the header file is included by lib/crc64.c for normal 64bit crc
calculation.
- Function declaration of the crc64 calculation routines is placed in
include/linux/crc64.h
Currently bcache is the only user of crc64_be(), another potential user is
bcachefs which is on the way to be in mainline kernel. Therefore it makes
sense to move crc64 calculation into lib/crc64.c as public code.
[colyli@suse.de: fix review comments from v4]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180726053352.2781-2-colyli@suse.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180718165545.1622-2-colyli@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de>
Co-developed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michael Lyle <mlyle@lyle.org>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers3@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Noah Massey <noah.massey@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-08-22 12:57:11 +08:00
|
|
|
clean-files += crc64table.h
|
2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$(obj)/crc32.o: $(obj)/crc32table.h
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
quiet_cmd_crc32 = GEN $@
|
|
|
|
|
cmd_crc32 = $< > $@
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$(obj)/crc32table.h: $(obj)/gen_crc32table
|
|
|
|
|
$(call cmd,crc32)
|
2012-09-22 06:30:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
lib: add crc64 calculation routines
Patch series "add crc64 calculation as kernel library", v5.
This patchset adds basic implementation of crc64 calculation as a Linux
kernel library. Since bcache already does crc64 by itself, this patchset
also modifies bcache code to use the new crc64 library routine.
Currently bcache is the only user of crc64 calculation, another potential
user is bcachefs which is on the way to be in mainline kernel. Therefore
it makes sense to make crc64 calculation to be a public library.
bcache uses crc64 as storage checksum, if a change of crc lib routines
results an inconsistent result, the unmatched checksum may make bcache
'think' the on-disk is corrupted, such a change should be avoided or
detected as early as possible. Therefore a patch is being prepared which
adds a crc test framework, to check consistency of different calculations.
This patch (of 2):
Add the re-write crc64 calculation routines for Linux kernel. The CRC64
polynomical arithmetic follows ECMA-182 specification, inspired by CRC
paper of Dr. Ross N. Williams (see
http://www.ross.net/crc/download/crc_v3.txt) and other public domain
implementations.
All the changes work in this way,
- When Linux kernel is built, host program lib/gen_crc64table.c will be
compiled to lib/gen_crc64table and executed.
- The output of gen_crc64table execution is an array called as lookup
table (a.k.a POLY 0x42f0e1eba9ea369) which contain 256 64-bit long
numbers, this table is dumped into header file lib/crc64table.h.
- Then the header file is included by lib/crc64.c for normal 64bit crc
calculation.
- Function declaration of the crc64 calculation routines is placed in
include/linux/crc64.h
Currently bcache is the only user of crc64_be(), another potential user is
bcachefs which is on the way to be in mainline kernel. Therefore it makes
sense to move crc64 calculation into lib/crc64.c as public code.
[colyli@suse.de: fix review comments from v4]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180726053352.2781-2-colyli@suse.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180718165545.1622-2-colyli@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de>
Co-developed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michael Lyle <mlyle@lyle.org>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers3@gmail.com>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Noah Massey <noah.massey@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2018-08-22 12:57:11 +08:00
|
|
|
$(obj)/crc64.o: $(obj)/crc64table.h
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
quiet_cmd_crc64 = GEN $@
|
|
|
|
|
cmd_crc64 = $< > $@
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$(obj)/crc64table.h: $(obj)/gen_crc64table
|
|
|
|
|
$(call cmd,crc64)
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012-09-22 06:30:46 +08:00
|
|
|
#
|
|
|
|
|
# Build a fast OID lookip registry from include/linux/oid_registry.h
|
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_OID_REGISTRY) += oid_registry.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
2012-12-05 03:52:28 +08:00
|
|
|
$(obj)/oid_registry.o: $(obj)/oid_registry_data.c
|
2012-09-22 06:30:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$(obj)/oid_registry_data.c: $(srctree)/include/linux/oid_registry.h \
|
|
|
|
|
$(src)/build_OID_registry
|
|
|
|
|
$(call cmd,build_OID_registry)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
quiet_cmd_build_OID_registry = GEN $@
|
|
|
|
|
cmd_build_OID_registry = perl $(srctree)/$(src)/build_OID_registry $< $@
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
clean-files += oid_registry_data.c
|
2013-04-16 04:09:45 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_UCS2_STRING) += ucs2_string.o
|
2016-01-21 07:00:55 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_UBSAN) += ubsan.o
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
UBSAN_SANITIZE_ubsan.o := n
|
2016-09-17 22:38:44 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_SBITMAP) += sbitmap.o
|
2017-02-03 17:29:06 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_PARMAN) += parman.o
|
2017-05-24 01:28:26 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# GCC library routines
|
2018-04-11 15:50:17 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_LIB_ASHLDI3) += ashldi3.o
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_LIB_ASHRDI3) += ashrdi3.o
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_LIB_LSHRDI3) += lshrdi3.o
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_LIB_MULDI3) += muldi3.o
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_LIB_CMPDI2) += cmpdi2.o
|
|
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_LIB_UCMPDI2) += ucmpdi2.o
|
2018-11-14 16:22:28 +08:00
|
|
|
obj-$(CONFIG_OBJAGG) += objagg.o
|
