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1846 lines
85 KiB
XML
1846 lines
85 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*- Mode: nxml; nxml-child-indent: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-->
|
||
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
|
||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||
<!ENTITY % entities SYSTEM "custom-entities.ent" >
|
||
%entities;
|
||
]>
|
||
|
||
<!--
|
||
This file is part of systemd.
|
||
|
||
Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
|
||
|
||
systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||
under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
|
||
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
|
||
(at your option) any later version.
|
||
|
||
systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
|
||
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
|
||
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
|
||
Lesser General Public License for more details.
|
||
|
||
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
|
||
along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||
-->
|
||
|
||
<refentry id="systemctl"
|
||
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
||
|
||
<refentryinfo>
|
||
<title>systemctl</title>
|
||
<productname>systemd</productname>
|
||
|
||
<authorgroup>
|
||
<author>
|
||
<contrib>Developer</contrib>
|
||
<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
|
||
<surname>Poettering</surname>
|
||
<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
|
||
</author>
|
||
</authorgroup>
|
||
</refentryinfo>
|
||
|
||
<refmeta>
|
||
<refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle>
|
||
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
|
||
</refmeta>
|
||
|
||
<refnamediv>
|
||
<refname>systemctl</refname>
|
||
<refpurpose>Control the systemd system and service manager</refpurpose>
|
||
</refnamediv>
|
||
|
||
<refsynopsisdiv>
|
||
<cmdsynopsis>
|
||
<command>systemctl</command>
|
||
<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg>
|
||
<arg choice="plain">COMMAND</arg>
|
||
<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">NAME</arg>
|
||
</cmdsynopsis>
|
||
</refsynopsisdiv>
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>Description</title>
|
||
|
||
<para><command>systemctl</command> may be used to introspect and
|
||
control the state of the <literal>systemd</literal> system and
|
||
service manager. Please refer to
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||
for an introduction into the basic concepts and functionality this
|
||
tool manages.</para>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>Options</title>
|
||
|
||
<para>The following options are understood:</para>
|
||
|
||
<variablelist>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>-t</option></term>
|
||
<term><option>--type=</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>The argument should be a comma-separated list of unit
|
||
types such as <option>service</option> and
|
||
<option>socket</option>.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>If one of the arguments is a unit type, when listing
|
||
units, limit display to certain unit types. Otherwise, units
|
||
of all types will be shown.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>As a special case, if one of the arguments is
|
||
<option>help</option>, a list of allowed values will be
|
||
printed and the program will exit.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--state=</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>The argument should be a comma-separated list of unit
|
||
LOAD, SUB, or ACTIVE states. When listing units, show only
|
||
those in the specified states. Use <option>--state=failed</option>
|
||
to show only failed units.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>As a special case, if one of the arguments is
|
||
<option>help</option>, a list of allowed values will be
|
||
printed and the program will exit.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>-p</option></term>
|
||
<term><option>--property=</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When showing unit/job/manager properties with the
|
||
<command>show</command> command, limit display to properties
|
||
specified in the argument. The argument should be a
|
||
comma-separated list of property names, such as
|
||
<literal>MainPID</literal>. Unless specified, all known
|
||
properties are shown. If specified more than once, all
|
||
properties with the specified names are shown. Shell
|
||
completion is implemented for property names.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>For the manager itself,
|
||
<command>systemctl show</command> will show all available
|
||
properties. Those properties are documented in
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Properties for units vary by unit type, so showing any
|
||
unit (even a non-existent one) is a way to list properties
|
||
pertaining to this type. Similarly, showing any job will list
|
||
properties pertaining to all jobs. Properties for units are
|
||
documented in
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
and the pages for individual unit types
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
etc.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>-a</option></term>
|
||
<term><option>--all</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When listing units with <command>list-units</command>, also show inactive units and
|
||
units which are following other units. When showing unit/job/manager properties, show all
|
||
properties regardless whether they are set or not.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>To list all units installed in the file system, use the
|
||
<command>list-unit-files</command> command instead.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>When listing units with <command>list-dependencies</command>, recursively show
|
||
dependencies of all dependent units (by default only dependencies of target units are
|
||
shown).</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>-r</option></term>
|
||
<term><option>--recursive</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When listing units, also show units of local
|
||
containers. Units of local containers will be prefixed with
|
||
the container name, separated by a single colon character
|
||
(<literal>:</literal>).</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--reverse</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Show reverse dependencies between units with
|
||
<command>list-dependencies</command>, i.e. follow
|
||
dependencies of type <varname>WantedBy=</varname>,
|
||
<varname>RequiredBy=</varname>,
|
||
<varname>PartOf=</varname>, <varname>BoundBy=</varname>,
|
||
instead of <varname>Wants=</varname> and similar.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--after</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>With <command>list-dependencies</command>, show the
|
||
units that are ordered before the specified unit. In other
|
||
words, recursively list units following the
|
||
<varname>After=</varname> dependency.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Note that any <varname>After=</varname> dependency is
|
||
automatically mirrored to create a
|
||
<varname>Before=</varname> dependency. Temporal dependencies
|
||
may be specified explicitly, but are also created implicitly
|
||
for units which are <varname>WantedBy=</varname> targets
|
||
(see
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.target</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>),
|
||
and as a result of other directives (for example
|
||
<varname>RequiresMountsFor=</varname>). Both explicitly
|
||
and implicitly introduced dependencies are shown with
|
||
<command>list-dependencies</command>.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--before</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>With <command>list-dependencies</command>, show the
|
||
units that are ordered after the specified unit. In other
|
||
words, recursively list units following the
|
||
<varname>Before=</varname> dependency.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>-l</option></term>
|
||
<term><option>--full</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Do not ellipsize unit names, process tree entries,
|
||
journal output, or truncate unit descriptions in the output
|
||
of <command>status</command>, <command>list-units</command>,
|
||
<command>list-jobs</command>, and
|
||
<command>list-timers</command>.</para>
|
||
<para>Also, show installation targets in the output of
|
||
<command>is-enabled</command>.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--value</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When printing properties with <command>show</command>,
|
||
only print the value, and skip the property name and
|
||
<literal>=</literal>.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--show-types</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When showing sockets, show the type of the socket.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--job-mode=</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When queuing a new job, this option controls how to deal with
|
||
already queued jobs. It takes one of <literal>fail</literal>,
|
||
<literal>replace</literal>,
|
||
<literal>replace-irreversibly</literal>,
|
||
<literal>isolate</literal>,
|
||
<literal>ignore-dependencies</literal>,
|
||
<literal>ignore-requirements</literal> or
|
||
<literal>flush</literal>. Defaults to
|
||
<literal>replace</literal>, except when the
|
||
<command>isolate</command> command is used which implies the
|
||
<literal>isolate</literal> job mode.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>If <literal>fail</literal> is specified and a requested
|
||
operation conflicts with a pending job (more specifically:
|
||
causes an already pending start job to be reversed into a stop
|
||
job or vice versa), cause the operation to fail.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>If <literal>replace</literal> (the default) is
|
||
specified, any conflicting pending job will be replaced, as
|
||
necessary.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>If <literal>replace-irreversibly</literal> is specified,
|
||
operate like <literal>replace</literal>, but also mark the new
|
||
jobs as irreversible. This prevents future conflicting
|
||
transactions from replacing these jobs (or even being enqueued
|
||
while the irreversible jobs are still pending). Irreversible
|
||
jobs can still be cancelled using the <command>cancel</command>
|
||
command.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para><literal>isolate</literal> is only valid for start
|
||
operations and causes all other units to be stopped when the
|
||
specified unit is started. This mode is always used when the
|
||
<command>isolate</command> command is used.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para><literal>flush</literal> will cause all queued jobs to
|
||
be canceled when the new job is enqueued.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>If <literal>ignore-dependencies</literal> is specified,
|
||
then all unit dependencies are ignored for this new job and
|
||
the operation is executed immediately. If passed, no required
|
||
units of the unit passed will be pulled in, and no ordering
|
||
dependencies will be honored. This is mostly a debugging and
|
||
rescue tool for the administrator and should not be used by
|
||
applications.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para><literal>ignore-requirements</literal> is similar to
|
||
<literal>ignore-dependencies</literal>, but only causes the
|
||
requirement dependencies to be ignored, the ordering
|
||
dependencies will still be honored.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--fail</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Shorthand for <option>--job-mode=</option>fail.</para>
|
||
<para>When used with the <command>kill</command> command,
|
||
if no units were killed, the operation results in an error.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>-i</option></term>
|
||
<term><option>--ignore-inhibitors</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When system shutdown or a sleep state is requested,
|
||
ignore inhibitor locks. Applications can establish inhibitor
|
||
locks to avoid that certain important operations (such as CD
|
||
burning or suchlike) are interrupted by system shutdown or a
|
||
sleep state. Any user may take these locks and privileged
|
||
users may override these locks. If any locks are taken,
|
||
shutdown and sleep state requests will normally fail
|
||
(regardless of whether privileged or not) and a list of active locks
|
||
is printed. However, if <option>--ignore-inhibitors</option>
|
||
is specified, the locks are ignored and not printed, and the
|
||
operation attempted anyway, possibly requiring additional
|
||
privileges.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>-q</option></term>
|
||
<term><option>--quiet</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Suppress printing of the results of various commands
|
||
and also the hints about truncated log lines. This does not
|
||
suppress output of commands for which the printed output is
|
||
the only result (like <command>show</command>). Errors are
|
||
always printed.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--no-block</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Do not synchronously wait for the requested operation
|
||
to finish. If this is not specified, the job will be
|
||
verified, enqueued and <command>systemctl</command> will
|
||
wait until the unit's start-up is completed. By passing this
|
||
argument, it is only verified and enqueued. This option may not be
|
||
combined with <option>--wait</option>.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--wait</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Synchronously wait for started units to terminate again.
|
||
This option may not be combined with <option>--no-block</option>.
|
||
Note that this will wait forever if any given unit never terminates
|
||
(by itself or by getting stopped explicitly); particularly services
|
||
which use <literal>RemainAfterExit=yes</literal>.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="user" />
|
||
<xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="system" />
|
||
|
||
<!-- we do not document -failed here, as it has been made
|
||
redundant by -state=failed, which it predates. To keep
|
||
things simple, we only document the new switch, while
|
||
keeping the old one around for compatibility only. -->
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--no-wall</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Do not send wall message before halt, power-off,
|
||
reboot.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--global</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When used with <command>enable</command> and
|
||
<command>disable</command>, operate on the global user
|
||
configuration directory, thus enabling or disabling a unit
|
||
file globally for all future logins of all users.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--no-reload</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When used with <command>enable</command> and
|
||
<command>disable</command>, do not implicitly reload daemon
|
||
configuration after executing the changes.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--no-ask-password</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When used with <command>start</command> and related
|
||
commands, disables asking for passwords. Background services
|
||
may require input of a password or passphrase string, for
|
||
example to unlock system hard disks or cryptographic
|
||
certificates. Unless this option is specified and the
|
||
command is invoked from a terminal,
|
||
<command>systemctl</command> will query the user on the
|
||
terminal for the necessary secrets. Use this option to
|
||
switch this behavior off. In this case, the password must be
|
||
supplied by some other means (for example graphical password
|
||
agents) or the service might fail. This also disables
|
||
querying the user for authentication for privileged
|
||
operations.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--kill-who=</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When used with <command>kill</command>, choose which
|
||
processes to send a signal to. Must be one of
|
||
<option>main</option>, <option>control</option> or
|
||
<option>all</option> to select whether to kill only the main
|
||
process, the control process or all processes of the
|
||
unit. The main process of the unit is the one that defines
|
||
the life-time of it. A control process of a unit is one that
|
||
is invoked by the manager to induce state changes of it. For
|
||
example, all processes started due to the
|
||
<varname>ExecStartPre=</varname>,
|
||
<varname>ExecStop=</varname> or
|
||
<varname>ExecReload=</varname> settings of service units are
|
||
control processes. Note that there is only one control
|
||
process per unit at a time, as only one state change is
|
||
executed at a time. For services of type
|
||
<varname>Type=forking</varname>, the initial process started
|
||
by the manager for <varname>ExecStart=</varname> is a
|
||
control process, while the process ultimately forked off by
|
||
that one is then considered the main process of the unit (if
|
||
it can be determined). This is different for service units
|
||
of other types, where the process forked off by the manager
|
||
for <varname>ExecStart=</varname> is always the main process
|
||
itself. A service unit consists of zero or one main process,
|
||
zero or one control process plus any number of additional
|
||
processes. Not all unit types manage processes of these
|
||
types however. For example, for mount units, control processes
|
||
are defined (which are the invocations of
|
||
<filename>&MOUNT_PATH;</filename> and
|
||
<filename>&UMOUNT_PATH;</filename>), but no main process
|
||
is defined. If omitted, defaults to
|
||
<option>all</option>.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>-s</option></term>
|
||
<term><option>--signal=</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When used with <command>kill</command>, choose which
|
||
signal to send to selected processes. Must be one of the
|
||
well-known signal specifiers such as <constant>SIGTERM</constant>, <constant>SIGINT</constant> or
|
||
<constant>SIGSTOP</constant>. If omitted, defaults to
|
||
<option>SIGTERM</option>.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>-f</option></term>
|
||
<term><option>--force</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When used with <command>enable</command>, overwrite
|
||
any existing conflicting symlinks.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>When used with <command>edit</command>, create all of the
|
||
specified units which do not already exist.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>When used with <command>halt</command>, <command>poweroff</command>, <command>reboot</command> or
|
||
<command>kexec</command>, execute the selected operation without shutting down all units. However, all
|
||
processes will be killed forcibly and all file systems are unmounted or remounted read-only. This is hence a
|
||
drastic but relatively safe option to request an immediate reboot. If <option>--force</option> is specified
|
||
twice for these operations (with the exception of <command>kexec</command>), they will be executed
|
||
immediately, without terminating any processes or unmounting any file systems. Warning: specifying
|
||
<option>--force</option> twice with any of these operations might result in data loss. Note that when
|
||
<option>--force</option> is specified twice the selected operation is executed by
|
||
<command>systemctl</command> itself, and the system manager is not contacted. This means the command should
|
||
succeed even when the system manager hangs or crashed.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--message=</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When used with <command>halt</command>,
|
||
<command>poweroff</command>, <command>reboot</command> or
|
||
<command>kexec</command>, set a short message explaining the reason
|
||
for the operation. The message will be logged together with the
|
||
default shutdown message.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--now</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When used with <command>enable</command>, the units
|
||
will also be started. When used with <command>disable</command> or
|
||
<command>mask</command>, the units will also be stopped. The start
|
||
or stop operation is only carried out when the respective enable or
|
||
disable operation has been successful.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--root=</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When used with
|
||
<command>enable</command>/<command>disable</command>/<command>is-enabled</command>
|
||
(and related commands), use the specified root path when looking for unit
|
||
files. If this option is present, <command>systemctl</command> will operate on
|
||
the file system directly, instead of communicating with the <command>systemd</command>
|
||
daemon to carry out changes.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--runtime</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When used with <command>enable</command>,
|
||
<command>disable</command>, <command>edit</command>,
|
||
(and related commands), make changes only temporarily, so
|
||
that they are lost on the next reboot. This will have the
|
||
effect that changes are not made in subdirectories of
|
||
<filename>/etc</filename> but in <filename>/run</filename>,
|
||
with identical immediate effects, however, since the latter
|
||
is lost on reboot, the changes are lost too.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Similarly, when used with
|
||
<command>set-property</command>, make changes only
|
||
temporarily, so that they are lost on the next
|
||
reboot.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--preset-mode=</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Takes one of <literal>full</literal> (the default),
|
||
<literal>enable-only</literal>,
|
||
<literal>disable-only</literal>. When used with the
|
||
<command>preset</command> or <command>preset-all</command>
|
||
commands, controls whether units shall be disabled and
|
||
enabled according to the preset rules, or only enabled, or
|
||
only disabled.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>-n</option></term>
|
||
<term><option>--lines=</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When used with <command>status</command>, controls the
|
||
number of journal lines to show, counting from the most
|
||
recent ones. Takes a positive integer argument. Defaults to
|
||
10.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>-o</option></term>
|
||
<term><option>--output=</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When used with <command>status</command>, controls the
|
||
formatting of the journal entries that are shown. For the
|
||
available choices, see
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
||
Defaults to <literal>short</literal>.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--firmware-setup</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When used with the <command>reboot</command> command,
|
||
indicate to the system's firmware to boot into setup
|
||
mode. Note that this is currently only supported on some EFI
|
||
systems and only if the system was booted in EFI
|
||
mode.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><option>--plain</option></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>When used with <command>list-dependencies</command>,
|
||
<command>list-units</command> or <command>list-machines</command>,
|
||
the output is printed as a list instead of a tree, and the bullet
|
||
circles are omitted.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="host" />
|
||
<xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="machine" />
|
||
|
||
<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-pager" />
|
||
<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-legend" />
|
||
<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
|
||
<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" />
|
||
</variablelist>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>Commands</title>
|
||
|
||
<para>The following commands are understood:</para>
|
||
|
||
<refsect2>
|
||
<title>Unit Commands</title>
|
||
|
||
<variablelist>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>list-units <optional><replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</optional></command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>List units that <command>systemd</command> currently has in memory. This includes units that are
|
||
either referenced directly or through a dependency, units that are pinned by applications programmatically,
|
||
or units that were active in the past and have failed. By default only units which are active, have pending
|
||
jobs, or have failed are shown; this can be changed with option <option>--all</option>. If one or more
|
||
<replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>s are specified, only units matching one of them are shown. The units
|
||
that are shown are additionally filtered by <option>--type=</option> and <option>--state=</option> if those
|
||
options are specified.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>This is the default command.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>list-sockets <optional><replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</optional></command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>List socket units currently in memory, ordered by listening address. If one or more
|
||
<replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>s are specified, only socket units matching one of them are
|
||
shown. Produces output similar to
|
||
<programlisting>
|
||
LISTEN UNIT ACTIVATES
|
||
/dev/initctl systemd-initctl.socket systemd-initctl.service
|
||
...
|
||
[::]:22 sshd.socket sshd.service
|
||
kobject-uevent 1 systemd-udevd-kernel.socket systemd-udevd.service
|
||
|
||
5 sockets listed.</programlisting>
|
||
Note: because the addresses might contains spaces, this output
|
||
is not suitable for programmatic consumption.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Also see <option>--show-types</option>, <option>--all</option>, and <option>--state=</option>.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>list-timers <optional><replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</optional></command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>List timer units currently in memory, ordered by the time they elapse next. If one or more
|
||
<replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>s are specified, only units matching one of them are shown.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Also see <option>--all</option> and <option>--state=</option>.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>start <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Start (activate) one or more units specified on the
|
||
command line.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Note that glob patterns operate on the set of primary names of units currently in memory. Units which
|
||
are not active and are not in a failed state usually are not in memory, and will not be matched by any
|
||
pattern. In addition, in case of instantiated units, systemd is often unaware of the instance name until
|
||
the instance has been started. Therefore, using glob patterns with <command>start</command> has limited
|
||
usefulness. Also, secondary alias names of units are not considered.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>stop <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Stop (deactivate) one or more units specified on the
|
||
command line.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>reload <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Asks all units listed on the command line to reload
|
||
their configuration. Note that this will reload the
|
||
service-specific configuration, not the unit configuration
|
||
file of systemd. If you want systemd to reload the
|
||
configuration file of a unit, use the
|
||
<command>daemon-reload</command> command. In other words:
|
||
for the example case of Apache, this will reload Apache's
|
||
<filename>httpd.conf</filename> in the web server, not the
|
||
<filename>apache.service</filename> systemd unit
|
||
file.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>This command should not be confused with the
|
||
<command>daemon-reload</command> command.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>restart <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Restart one or more units specified on the command
|
||
line. If the units are not running yet, they will be
|
||
started.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>try-restart <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Restart one or more units specified on the command
|
||
line if the units are running. This does nothing if units are not
|
||
running.</para>
|
||
<!-- Note that we don't document condrestart here, as that is just compatibility support, and we generally
|
||
don't document that. -->
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>reload-or-restart <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Reload one or more units if they support it. If not,
|
||
restart them instead. If the units are not running yet, they
|
||
will be started.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>try-reload-or-restart <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Reload one or more units if they support it. If not,
|
||
restart them instead. This does nothing if the units are not
|
||
running.</para>
|
||
<!-- Note that we don't document force-reload here, as that is just compatibility support, and we generally
|
||
don't document that. -->
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>isolate <replaceable>NAME</replaceable></command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Start the unit specified on the command line and its
|
||
dependencies and stop all others. If a unit name with no
|
||
extension is given, an extension of
|
||
<literal>.target</literal> will be assumed.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>This is similar to changing the runlevel in a
|
||
traditional init system. The <command>isolate</command>
|
||
command will immediately stop processes that are not enabled
|
||
in the new unit, possibly including the graphical
|
||
environment or terminal you are currently using.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Note that this is allowed only on units where
|
||
<option>AllowIsolate=</option> is enabled. See
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||
for details.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>kill <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Send a signal to one or more processes of the
|
||
unit. Use <option>--kill-who=</option> to select which
|
||
process to kill. Use <option>--signal=</option> to select
|
||
the signal to send.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>is-active <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Check whether any of the specified units are active
|
||
(i.e. running). Returns an exit code
|
||
<constant>0</constant> if at least one is active, or
|
||
non-zero otherwise. Unless <option>--quiet</option> is
|
||
specified, this will also print the current unit state to
|
||
standard output.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>is-failed <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Check whether any of the specified units are in a
|
||
"failed" state. Returns an exit code
|
||
<constant>0</constant> if at least one has failed,
|
||
non-zero otherwise. Unless <option>--quiet</option> is
|
||
specified, this will also print the current unit state to
|
||
standard output.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>status</command> <optional><replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...|<replaceable>PID</replaceable>...]</optional></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Show terse runtime status information about one or
|
||
more units, followed by most recent log data from the
|
||
journal. If no units are specified, show system status. If
|
||
combined with <option>--all</option>, also show the status of
|
||
all units (subject to limitations specified with
|
||
<option>-t</option>). If a PID is passed, show information
|
||
about the unit the process belongs to.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>This function is intended to generate human-readable
|
||
output. If you are looking for computer-parsable output,
|
||
use <command>show</command> instead. By default, this
|
||
function only shows 10 lines of output and ellipsizes
|
||
lines to fit in the terminal window. This can be changed
|
||
with <option>--lines</option> and <option>--full</option>,
|
||
see above. In addition, <command>journalctl
|
||
--unit=<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></command> or
|
||
<command>journalctl
|
||
--user-unit=<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></command> use
|
||
a similar filter for messages and might be more
|
||
convenient.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>show</command> <optional><replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...|<replaceable>JOB</replaceable>...</optional></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Show properties of one or more units, jobs, or the
|
||
manager itself. If no argument is specified, properties of
|
||
the manager will be shown. If a unit name is specified,
|
||
properties of the unit is shown, and if a job ID is
|
||
specified, properties of the job is shown. By default, empty
|
||
properties are suppressed. Use <option>--all</option> to
|
||
show those too. To select specific properties to show, use
|
||
<option>--property=</option>. This command is intended to be
|
||
used whenever computer-parsable output is required. Use
|
||
<command>status</command> if you are looking for formatted
|
||
human-readable output.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>cat <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Show backing files of one or more units. Prints the
|
||
"fragment" and "drop-ins" (source files) of units. Each
|
||
file is preceded by a comment which includes the file
|
||
name. Note that this shows the contents of the backing files
|
||
on disk, which may not match the system manager's
|
||
understanding of these units if any unit files were
|
||
updated on disk and the <command>daemon-reload</command>
|
||
command wasn't issued since.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>set-property <replaceable>NAME</replaceable> <replaceable>ASSIGNMENT</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Set the specified unit properties at runtime where
|
||
this is supported. This allows changing configuration
|
||
parameter properties such as resource control settings at
|
||
runtime. Not all properties may be changed at runtime, but
|
||
many resource control settings (primarily those in
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.resource-control</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>)
|
||
may. The changes are applied instantly, and stored on disk
|
||
for future boots, unless <option>--runtime</option> is
|
||
passed, in which case the settings only apply until the
|
||
next reboot. The syntax of the property assignment follows
|
||
closely the syntax of assignments in unit files.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Example: <command>systemctl set-property foobar.service CPUShares=777</command></para>
|
||
|
||
<para>If the specified unit appears to be inactive, the
|
||
changes will be only stored on disk as described
|
||
previously hence they will be effective when the unit will
|
||
be started.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Note that this command allows changing multiple
|
||
properties at the same time, which is preferable over
|
||
setting them individually. Like unit file configuration
|
||
settings, assigning the empty list to list parameters will
|
||
reset the list.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>help <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...|<replaceable>PID</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Show manual pages for one or more units, if
|
||
available. If a PID is given, the manual pages for the unit
|
||
the process belongs to are shown.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>reset-failed [<replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...]</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Reset the <literal>failed</literal> state of the
|
||
specified units, or if no unit name is passed, reset the state of all
|
||
units. When a unit fails in some way (i.e. process exiting
|
||
with non-zero error code, terminating abnormally or timing
|
||
out), it will automatically enter the
|
||
<literal>failed</literal> state and its exit code and status
|
||
is recorded for introspection by the administrator until the
|
||
service is restarted or reset with this command.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term>
|
||
<command>list-dependencies</command>
|
||
<optional><replaceable>NAME</replaceable></optional>
|
||
</term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Shows units required and wanted by the specified
|
||
unit. This recursively lists units following the
|
||
<varname>Requires=</varname>,
|
||
<varname>Requisite=</varname>,
|
||
<varname>ConsistsOf=</varname>,
|
||
<varname>Wants=</varname>, <varname>BindsTo=</varname>
|
||
dependencies. If no unit is specified,
|
||
<filename>default.target</filename> is implied.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>By default, only target units are recursively
|
||
expanded. When <option>--all</option> is passed, all other
|
||
units are recursively expanded as well.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Options <option>--reverse</option>,
|
||
<option>--after</option>, <option>--before</option>
|
||
may be used to change what types of dependencies
|
||
are shown.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
</variablelist>
|
||
</refsect2>
|
||
|
||
<refsect2>
|
||
<title>Unit File Commands</title>
|
||
|
||
<variablelist>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>list-unit-files <optional><replaceable>PATTERN...</replaceable></optional></command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>List unit files installed on the system, in combination with their enablement state (as reported by
|
||
<command>is-enabled</command>). If one or more <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>s are specified, only unit
|
||
files whose name matches one of them are shown (patterns matching unit file system paths are not
|
||
supported).</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>enable <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
<term><command>enable <replaceable>PATH</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Enable one or more units or unit instances. This will create a set of symlinks, as encoded in the
|
||
<literal>[Install]</literal> sections of the indicated unit files. After the symlinks have been created,
|
||
the system manager configuration is reloaded (in a way equivalent to <command>daemon-reload</command>), in
|
||
order to ensure the changes are taken into account immediately. Note that this does
|
||
<emphasis>not</emphasis> have the effect of also starting any of the units being enabled. If this is
|
||
desired, combine this command with the <option>--now</option> switch, or invoke <command>start</command>
|
||
with appropriate arguments later. Note that in case of unit instance enablement (i.e. enablement of units of
|
||
the form <filename>foo@bar.service</filename>), symlinks named the same as instances are created in the
|
||
unit configuration directory, however they point to the single template unit file they are instantiated
|
||
from.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>This command expects either valid unit names (in which case various unit file directories are
|
||
automatically searched for unit files with appropriate names), or absolute paths to unit files (in which
|
||
case these files are read directly). If a specified unit file is located outside of the usual unit file
|
||
directories, an additional symlink is created, linking it into the unit configuration path, thus ensuring
|
||
it is found when requested by commands such as <command>start</command>.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>This command will print the file system operations executed. This output may be suppressed by passing
|
||
<option>--quiet</option>.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Note that this operation creates only the symlinks suggested in the <literal>[Install]</literal>
|
||
section of the unit files. While this command is the recommended way to manipulate the unit configuration
|
||
directory, the administrator is free to make additional changes manually by placing or removing symlinks
|
||
below this directory. This is particularly useful to create configurations that deviate from the suggested
|
||
default installation. In this case, the administrator must make sure to invoke
|
||
<command>daemon-reload</command> manually as necessary, in order to ensure the changes are taken into
|
||
account.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Enabling units should not be confused with starting (activating) units, as done by the
|
||
<command>start</command> command. Enabling and starting units is orthogonal: units may be enabled without
|
||
being started and started without being enabled. Enabling simply hooks the unit into various suggested
|
||
places (for example, so that the unit is automatically started on boot or when a particular kind of
|
||
hardware is plugged in). Starting actually spawns the daemon process (in case of service units), or binds
|
||
the socket (in case of socket units), and so on.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Depending on whether <option>--system</option>, <option>--user</option>, <option>--runtime</option>,
|
||
or <option>--global</option> is specified, this enables the unit for the system, for the calling user only,
|
||
for only this boot of the system, or for all future logins of all users, or only this boot. Note that in
|
||
the last case, no systemd daemon configuration is reloaded.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Using <command>enable</command> on masked units is not supported and results in an error.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>disable <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Disables one or more units. This removes all symlinks to the unit files backing the specified units
|
||
from the unit configuration directory, and hence undoes any changes made by <command>enable</command> or
|
||
<command>link</command>. Note that this removes <emphasis>all</emphasis> symlinks to matching unit files,
|
||
including manually created symlinks, and not just those actually created by <command>enable</command> or
|
||
<command>link</command>. Note that while <command>disable</command> undoes the effect of
|
||
<command>enable</command>, the two commands are otherwise not symmetric, as <command>disable</command> may
|
||
remove more symlinks than a prior <command>enable</command> invocation of the same unit created.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>This command expects valid unit names only, it does not accept paths to unit files.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>In addition to the units specified as arguments, all units are disabled that are listed in the
|
||
<varname>Also=</varname> setting contained in the <literal>[Install]</literal> section of any of the unit
|
||
files being operated on.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>This command implicitly reloads the system manager configuration after completing the operation. Note
|
||
that this command does not implicitly stop the units that are being disabled. If this is desired, either
|
||
combine this command with the <option>--now</option> switch, or invoke the <command>stop</command> command
|
||
with appropriate arguments later.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>This command will print information about the file system operations (symlink removals)
|
||
executed. This output may be suppressed by passing <option>--quiet</option>.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>This command honors <option>--system</option>, <option>--user</option>, <option>--runtime</option>
|
||
and <option>--global</option> in a similar way as <command>enable</command>.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>reenable <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Reenable one or more units, as specified on the command line. This is a combination of
|
||
<command>disable</command> and <command>enable</command> and is useful to reset the symlinks a unit file is
|
||
enabled with to the defaults configured in its <literal>[Install]</literal> section. This command expects
|
||
a unit name only, it does not accept paths to unit files.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>preset <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Reset the enable/disable status one or more unit files, as specified on
|
||
the command line, to the defaults configured in the preset policy files. This
|
||
has the same effect as <command>disable</command> or
|
||
<command>enable</command>, depending how the unit is listed in the preset
|
||
files.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Use <option>--preset-mode=</option> to control whether units shall be
|
||
enabled and disabled, or only enabled, or only disabled.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>If the unit carries no install information, it will be silently ignored
|
||
by this command. <replaceable>NAME</replaceable> must be the real unit name,
|
||
any alias names are ignored silently.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>For more information on the preset policy format, see
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.preset</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
||
For more information on the concept of presets, please consult the
|
||
<ulink url="http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/Preset">Preset</ulink>
|
||
document.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>preset-all</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Resets all installed unit files to the defaults
|
||
configured in the preset policy file (see above).</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Use <option>--preset-mode=</option> to control
|
||
whether units shall be enabled and disabled, or only
|
||
enabled, or only disabled.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>is-enabled <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Checks whether any of the specified unit files are
|
||
enabled (as with <command>enable</command>). Returns an
|
||
exit code of 0 if at least one is enabled, non-zero
|
||
otherwise. Prints the current enable status (see table).
|
||
To suppress this output, use <option>--quiet</option>.
|
||
To show installation targets, use <option>--full</option>.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<table>
|
||
<title>
|
||
<command>is-enabled</command> output
|
||
</title>
|
||
|
||
<tgroup cols='3'>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Name</entry>
|
||
<entry>Description</entry>
|
||
<entry>Exit Code</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>enabled</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry morerows='1'>Enabled via <filename>.wants/</filename>, <filename>.requires/</filename> or alias symlinks (permanently in <filename>/etc/systemd/system/</filename>, or transiently in <filename>/run/systemd/system/</filename>).</entry>
|
||
<entry morerows='1'>0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>enabled-runtime</literal></entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>linked</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry morerows='1'>Made available through one or more symlinks to the unit file (permanently in <filename>/etc/systemd/system/</filename> or transiently in <filename>/run/systemd/system/</filename>), even though the unit file might reside outside of the unit file search path.</entry>
|
||
<entry morerows='1'>> 0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>linked-runtime</literal></entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>masked</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry morerows='1'>Completely disabled, so that any start operation on it fails (permanently in <filename>/etc/systemd/system/</filename> or transiently in <filename>/run/systemd/systemd/</filename>).</entry>
|
||
<entry morerows='1'>> 0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>masked-runtime</literal></entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>static</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry>The unit file is not enabled, and has no provisions for enabling in the <literal>[Install]</literal> unit file section.</entry>
|
||
<entry>0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>indirect</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry>The unit file itself is not enabled, but it has a non-empty <varname>Also=</varname> setting in the <literal>[Install]</literal> unit file section, listing other unit files that might be enabled.</entry>
|
||
<entry>0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>disabled</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry>The unit file is not enabled, but contains an <literal>[Install]</literal> section with installation instructions.</entry>
|
||
<entry>> 0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>generated</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry>The unit file was generated dynamically via a generator tool. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Generated unit files may not be enabled, they are enabled implicitly by their generator.</entry>
|
||
<entry>0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>transient</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry>The unit file has been created dynamically with the runtime API. Transient units may not be enabled.</entry>
|
||
<entry>0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><literal>bad</literal></entry>
|
||
<entry>The unit file is invalid or another error occurred. Note that <command>is-enabled</command> will not actually return this state, but print an error message instead. However the unit file listing printed by <command>list-unit-files</command> might show it.</entry>
|
||
<entry>> 0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</tgroup>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>mask <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Mask one or more units, as specified on the command line. This will link these unit files to
|
||
<filename>/dev/null</filename>, making it impossible to start them. This is a stronger version of
|
||
<command>disable</command>, since it prohibits all kinds of activation of the unit, including enablement
|
||
and manual activation. Use this option with care. This honors the <option>--runtime</option> option to only
|
||
mask temporarily until the next reboot of the system. The <option>--now</option> option may be used to
|
||
ensure that the units are also stopped. This command expects valid unit names only, it does not accept unit
|
||
file paths.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>unmask <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Unmask one or more unit files, as specified on the command line. This will undo the effect of
|
||
<command>mask</command>. This command expects valid unit names only, it does not accept unit file
|
||
paths.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>link <replaceable>PATH</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Link a unit file that is not in the unit file search paths into the unit file search path. This
|
||
command expects an absolute path to a unit file. The effect of this may be undone with
|
||
<command>disable</command>. The effect of this command is that a unit file is made available for commands
|
||
such as <command>start</command>, even though it is not installed directly in the unit search path.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>revert <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Revert one or more unit files to their vendor versions. This command removes drop-in configuration
|
||
files that modify the specified units, as well as any user-configured unit file that overrides a matching
|
||
vendor supplied unit file. Specifically, for a unit <literal>foo.service</literal> the matching directories
|
||
<literal>foo.service.d/</literal> with all their contained files are removed, both below the persistent and
|
||
runtime configuration directories (i.e. below <filename>/etc/systemd/system</filename> and
|
||
<filename>/run/systemd/system</filename>); if the unit file has a vendor-supplied version (i.e. a unit file
|
||
located below <filename>/usr</filename>) any matching peristent or runtime unit file that overrides it is
|
||
removed, too. Note that if a unit file has no vendor-supplied version (i.e. is only defined below
|
||
<filename>/etc/systemd/system</filename> or <filename>/run/systemd/system</filename>, but not in a unit
|
||
file stored below <filename>/usr</filename>), then it is not removed. Also, if a unit is masked, it is
|
||
unmasked.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Effectively, this command may be used to undo all changes made with <command>systemctl
|
||
edit</command>, <command>systemctl set-property</command> and <command>systemctl mask</command> and puts
|
||
the original unit file with its settings back in effect.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>add-wants <replaceable>TARGET</replaceable>
|
||
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
<term><command>add-requires <replaceable>TARGET</replaceable>
|
||
<replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Adds <literal>Wants=</literal> or <literal>Requires=</literal>
|
||
dependencies, respectively, to the specified
|
||
<replaceable>TARGET</replaceable> for one or more units. </para>
|
||
|
||
<para>This command honors <option>--system</option>,
|
||
<option>--user</option>, <option>--runtime</option> and
|
||
<option>--global</option> in a way similar to
|
||
<command>enable</command>.</para>
|
||
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>edit <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Edit a drop-in snippet or a whole replacement file if
|
||
<option>--full</option> is specified, to extend or override the
|
||
specified unit.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Depending on whether <option>--system</option> (the default),
|
||
<option>--user</option>, or <option>--global</option> is specified,
|
||
this command creates a drop-in file for each unit either for the system,
|
||
for the calling user, or for all futures logins of all users. Then,
|
||
the editor (see the "Environment" section below) is invoked on
|
||
temporary files which will be written to the real location if the
|
||
editor exits successfully.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>If <option>--full</option> is specified, this will copy the
|
||
original units instead of creating drop-in files.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>If <option>--force</option> is specified and any units do
|
||
not already exist, new unit files will be opened for editing.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>If <option>--runtime</option> is specified, the changes will
|
||
be made temporarily in <filename>/run</filename> and they will be
|
||
lost on the next reboot.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>If the temporary file is empty upon exit, the modification of
|
||
the related unit is canceled.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>After the units have been edited, systemd configuration is
|
||
reloaded (in a way that is equivalent to <command>daemon-reload</command>).
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Note that this command cannot be used to remotely edit units
|
||
and that you cannot temporarily edit units which are in
|
||
<filename>/etc</filename>, since they take precedence over
|
||
<filename>/run</filename>.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>get-default</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Return the default target to boot into. This returns
|
||
the target unit name <filename>default.target</filename>
|
||
is aliased (symlinked) to.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>set-default <replaceable>NAME</replaceable></command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Set the default target to boot into. This sets
|
||
(symlinks) the <filename>default.target</filename> alias
|
||
to the given target unit.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
</variablelist>
|
||
</refsect2>
|
||
|
||
<refsect2>
|
||
<title>Machine Commands</title>
|
||
|
||
<variablelist>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>list-machines <optional><replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...</optional></command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>List the host and all running local containers with
|
||
their state. If one or more
|
||
<replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>s are specified, only
|
||
containers matching one of them are shown.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
</variablelist>
|
||
</refsect2>
|
||
|
||
<refsect2>
|
||
<title>Job Commands</title>
|
||
|
||
<variablelist>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>list-jobs <optional><replaceable>PATTERN...</replaceable></optional></command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>List jobs that are in progress. If one or more
|
||
<replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>s are specified, only
|
||
jobs for units matching one of them are shown.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>cancel <replaceable>JOB</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Cancel one or more jobs specified on the command line
|
||
by their numeric job IDs. If no job ID is specified, cancel
|
||
all pending jobs.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
</variablelist>
|
||
</refsect2>
|
||
|
||
<refsect2>
|
||
<title>Environment Commands</title>
|
||
|
||
<variablelist>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>show-environment</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Dump the systemd manager environment block. The
|
||
environment block will be dumped in straight-forward form
|
||
suitable for sourcing into a shell script. This environment
|
||
block will be passed to all processes the manager
|
||
spawns.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>set-environment <replaceable>VARIABLE=VALUE</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Set one or more systemd manager environment variables,
|
||
as specified on the command line.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>unset-environment <replaceable>VARIABLE</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Unset one or more systemd manager environment
|
||
variables. If only a variable name is specified, it will be
|
||
removed regardless of its value. If a variable and a value
|
||
are specified, the variable is only removed if it has the
|
||
specified value.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term>
|
||
<command>import-environment</command>
|
||
<optional><replaceable>VARIABLE...</replaceable></optional>
|
||
</term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Import all, one or more environment variables set on
|
||
the client into the systemd manager environment block. If
|
||
no arguments are passed, the entire environment block is
|
||
imported. Otherwise, a list of one or more environment
|
||
variable names should be passed, whose client-side values
|
||
are then imported into the manager's environment
|
||
block.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
</variablelist>
|
||
</refsect2>
|
||
|
||
<refsect2>
|
||
<title>Manager Lifecycle Commands</title>
|
||
|
||
<variablelist>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>daemon-reload</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Reload the systemd manager configuration. This will
|
||
rerun all generators (see
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>),
|
||
reload all unit files, and recreate the entire dependency
|
||
tree. While the daemon is being reloaded, all sockets
|
||
systemd listens on behalf of user configuration will stay
|
||
accessible.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>This command should not be confused with the
|
||
<command>reload</command> command.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>daemon-reexec</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Reexecute the systemd manager. This will serialize the
|
||
manager state, reexecute the process and deserialize the
|
||
state again. This command is of little use except for
|
||
debugging and package upgrades. Sometimes, it might be
|
||
helpful as a heavy-weight <command>daemon-reload</command>.
|
||
While the daemon is being reexecuted, all sockets systemd listening
|
||
on behalf of user configuration will stay accessible.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
</variablelist>
|
||
</refsect2>
|
||
|
||
<refsect2>
|
||
<title>System Commands</title>
|
||
|
||
<variablelist>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>is-system-running</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Checks whether the system is operational. This
|
||
returns success (exit code 0) when the system is fully up
|
||
and running, specifically not in startup, shutdown or
|
||
maintenance mode, and with no failed services. Failure is
|
||
returned otherwise (exit code non-zero). In addition, the
|
||
current state is printed in a short string to standard
|
||
output, see the table below. Use <option>--quiet</option> to
|
||
suppress this output.</para>
|
||
|
||
<table>
|
||
<title><command>is-system-running</command> output</title>
|
||
<tgroup cols='3'>
|
||
<colspec colname='name'/>
|
||
<colspec colname='description'/>
|
||
<colspec colname='exit-code'/>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry>Name</entry>
|
||
<entry>Description</entry>
|
||
<entry>Exit Code</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><varname>initializing</varname></entry>
|
||
<entry><para>Early bootup, before
|
||
<filename>basic.target</filename> is reached
|
||
or the <varname>maintenance</varname> state entered.
|
||
</para></entry>
|
||
<entry>> 0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><varname>starting</varname></entry>
|
||
<entry><para>Late bootup, before the job queue
|
||
becomes idle for the first time, or one of the
|
||
rescue targets are reached.</para></entry>
|
||
<entry>> 0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><varname>running</varname></entry>
|
||
<entry><para>The system is fully
|
||
operational.</para></entry>
|
||
<entry>0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><varname>degraded</varname></entry>
|
||
<entry><para>The system is operational but one or more
|
||
units failed.</para></entry>
|
||
<entry>> 0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><varname>maintenance</varname></entry>
|
||
<entry><para>The rescue or emergency target is
|
||
active.</para></entry>
|
||
<entry>> 0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><varname>stopping</varname></entry>
|
||
<entry><para>The manager is shutting
|
||
down.</para></entry>
|
||
<entry>> 0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><varname>offline</varname></entry>
|
||
<entry><para>The manager is not
|
||
running. Specifically, this is the operational
|
||
state if an incompatible program is running as
|
||
system manager (PID 1).</para></entry>
|
||
<entry>> 0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
<row>
|
||
<entry><varname>unknown</varname></entry>
|
||
<entry><para>The operational state could not be
|
||
determined, due to lack of resources or another
|
||
error cause.</para></entry>
|
||
<entry>> 0</entry>
|
||
</row>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</tgroup>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>default</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Enter default mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
||
<command>isolate default.target</command>.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>rescue</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Enter rescue mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
||
<command>isolate rescue.target</command>, but also prints a
|
||
wall message to all users.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>emergency</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Enter emergency mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
||
<command>isolate emergency.target</command>, but also prints
|
||
a wall message to all users.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>halt</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Shut down and halt the system. This is mostly equivalent to <command>start halt.target
|
||
--job-mode=replace-irreversibly</command>, but also prints a wall message to all users. If combined with
|
||
<option>--force</option>, shutdown of all running services is skipped, however all processes are killed and
|
||
all file systems are unmounted or mounted read-only, immediately followed by the system halt. If
|
||
<option>--force</option> is specified twice, the operation is immediately executed without terminating any
|
||
processes or unmounting any file systems. This may result in data loss. Note that when
|
||
<option>--force</option> is specified twice the halt operation is executed by
|
||
<command>systemctl</command> itself, and the system manager is not contacted. This means the command should
|
||
succeed even when the system manager hangs or crashed.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>poweroff</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Shut down and power-off the system. This is mostly equivalent to <command>start poweroff.target
|
||
--job-mode=replace-irreversibly</command>, but also prints a wall message to all users. If combined with
|
||
<option>--force</option>, shutdown of all running services is skipped, however all processes are killed and
|
||
all file systems are unmounted or mounted read-only, immediately followed by the powering off. If
|
||
<option>--force</option> is specified twice, the operation is immediately executed without terminating any
|
||
processes or unmounting any file systems. This may result in data loss. Note that when
|
||
<option>--force</option> is specified twice the power-off operation is executed by
|
||
<command>systemctl</command> itself, and the system manager is not contacted. This means the command should
|
||
succeed even when the system manager hangs or crashed.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>reboot <optional><replaceable>arg</replaceable></optional></command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Shut down and reboot the system. This is mostly equivalent to <command>start reboot.target
|
||
--job-mode=replace-irreversibly</command>, but also prints a wall message to all users. If combined with
|
||
<option>--force</option>, shutdown of all running services is skipped, however all processes are killed and
|
||
all file systems are unmounted or mounted read-only, immediately followed by the reboot. If
|
||
<option>--force</option> is specified twice, the operation is immediately executed without terminating any
|
||
processes or unmounting any file systems. This may result in data loss. Note that when
|
||
<option>--force</option> is specified twice the reboot operation is executed by
|
||
<command>systemctl</command> itself, and the system manager is not contacted. This means the command should
|
||
succeed even when the system manager hangs or crashed.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>If the optional argument
|
||
<replaceable>arg</replaceable> is given, it will be passed
|
||
as the optional argument to the
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>reboot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||
system call. The value is architecture and firmware
|
||
specific. As an example, <literal>recovery</literal> might
|
||
be used to trigger system recovery, and
|
||
<literal>fota</literal> might be used to trigger a
|
||
<quote>firmware over the air</quote> update.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>kexec</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Shut down and reboot the system via kexec. This is
|
||
mostly equivalent to <command>start kexec.target --job-mode=replace-irreversibly</command>,
|
||
but also prints a wall message to all users. If combined
|
||
with <option>--force</option>, shutdown of all running
|
||
services is skipped, however all processes are killed and
|
||
all file systems are unmounted or mounted read-only,
|
||
immediately followed by the reboot.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>exit <optional><replaceable>EXIT_CODE</replaceable></optional></command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Ask the systemd manager to quit. This is only
|
||
supported for user service managers (i.e. in conjunction
|
||
with the <option>--user</option> option) or in containers
|
||
and is equivalent to <command>poweroff</command> otherwise.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>The systemd manager can exit with a non-zero exit
|
||
code if the optional argument
|
||
<replaceable>EXIT_CODE</replaceable> is given.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>switch-root <replaceable>ROOT</replaceable> <optional><replaceable>INIT</replaceable></optional></command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Switches to a different root directory and executes a new system manager process below it. This is
|
||
intended for usage in initial RAM disks ("initrd"), and will transition from the initrd's system manager
|
||
process (a.k.a. "init" process) to the main system manager process which is loaded from the actual host
|
||
volume. This call takes two arguments: the directory that is to become the new root directory, and the path
|
||
to the new system manager binary below it to execute as PID 1. If the latter is omitted or the empty
|
||
string, a systemd binary will automatically be searched for and used as init. If the system manager path is
|
||
omitted, equal to the empty string or identical to the path to the systemd binary, the state of the
|
||
initrd's system manager process is passed to the main system manager, which allows later introspection of
|
||
the state of the services involved in the initrd boot phase.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>suspend</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Suspend the system. This will trigger activation of
|
||
the special <filename>suspend.target</filename> target.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>hibernate</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Hibernate the system. This will trigger activation of
|
||
the special <filename>hibernate.target</filename> target.
|
||
</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><command>hybrid-sleep</command></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem>
|
||
<para>Hibernate and suspend the system. This will trigger
|
||
activation of the special
|
||
<filename>hybrid-sleep.target</filename> target.</para>
|
||
</listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
</variablelist>
|
||
</refsect2>
|
||
|
||
<refsect2>
|
||
<title>Parameter Syntax</title>
|
||
|
||
<para>Unit commands listed above take either a single unit name (designated as <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>),
|
||
or multiple unit specifications (designated as <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>...). In the first case, the
|
||
unit name with or without a suffix must be given. If the suffix is not specified (unit name is "abbreviated"),
|
||
systemctl will append a suitable suffix, <literal>.service</literal> by default, and a type-specific suffix in
|
||
case of commands which operate only on specific unit types. For example,
|
||
<programlisting># systemctl start sshd</programlisting> and
|
||
<programlisting># systemctl start sshd.service</programlisting>
|
||
are equivalent, as are
|
||
<programlisting># systemctl isolate default</programlisting>
|
||
and
|
||
<programlisting># systemctl isolate default.target</programlisting>
|
||
Note that (absolute) paths to device nodes are automatically converted to device unit names, and other (absolute)
|
||
paths to mount unit names.
|
||
<programlisting># systemctl status /dev/sda
|
||
# systemctl status /home</programlisting>
|
||
are equivalent to:
|
||
<programlisting># systemctl status dev-sda.device
|
||
# systemctl status home.mount</programlisting>
|
||
In the second case, shell-style globs will be matched against the primary names of all units currently in memory;
|
||
literal unit names, with or without a suffix, will be treated as in the first case. This means that literal unit
|
||
names always refer to exactly one unit, but globs may match zero units and this is not considered an
|
||
error.</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>Glob patterns use
|
||
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fnmatch</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
so normal shell-style globbing rules are used, and
|
||
<literal>*</literal>, <literal>?</literal>,
|
||
<literal>[]</literal> may be used. See
|
||
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>glob</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||
for more details. The patterns are matched against the primary names of
|
||
units currently in memory, and patterns which do not match anything
|
||
are silently skipped. For example:
|
||
<programlisting># systemctl stop sshd@*.service</programlisting>
|
||
will stop all <filename>sshd@.service</filename> instances. Note that alias names of units, and units that aren't
|
||
in memory are not considered for glob expansion.
|
||
</para>
|
||
|
||
<para>For unit file commands, the specified <replaceable>NAME</replaceable> should be the name of the unit file
|
||
(possibly abbreviated, see above), or the absolute path to the unit file:
|
||
<programlisting># systemctl enable foo.service</programlisting>
|
||
or
|
||
<programlisting># systemctl link /path/to/foo.service</programlisting>
|
||
</para>
|
||
</refsect2>
|
||
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>Exit status</title>
|
||
|
||
<para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure
|
||
code otherwise.</para>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>Environment</title>
|
||
|
||
<variablelist class='environment-variables'>
|
||
<varlistentry>
|
||
<term><varname>$SYSTEMD_EDITOR</varname></term>
|
||
|
||
<listitem><para>Editor to use when editing units; overrides
|
||
<varname>$EDITOR</varname> and <varname>$VISUAL</varname>. If neither
|
||
<varname>$SYSTEMD_EDITOR</varname> nor <varname>$EDITOR</varname> nor
|
||
<varname>$VISUAL</varname> are present or if it is set to an empty
|
||
string or if their execution failed, systemctl will try to execute well
|
||
known editors in this order:
|
||
<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>editor</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>nano</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>vim</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>vi</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
||
</para></listitem>
|
||
</varlistentry>
|
||
</variablelist>
|
||
<xi:include href="less-variables.xml" xpointer="pager"/>
|
||
<xi:include href="less-variables.xml" xpointer="less"/>
|
||
<xi:include href="less-variables.xml" xpointer="lesscharset"/>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
<refsect1>
|
||
<title>See Also</title>
|
||
<para>
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>loginctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>machinectl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.resource-control</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.special</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>wall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.preset</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
||
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>glob</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
||
</para>
|
||
</refsect1>
|
||
|
||
</refentry>
|