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title category layout SPDX-License-Identifier
Porting systemd To New Distributions Concepts default LGPL-2.1-or-later

Porting systemd To New Distributions

HOWTO

You need to make the follow changes to adapt systemd to your distribution:

  1. Find the right configure parameters for:

    • -Drootprefix=
    • -Dsysvinit-path=
    • -Dsysvrcnd-path=
    • -Drc-local=
    • -Dloadkeys-path=
    • -Dsetfont-path=
    • -Dtty-gid=
    • -Dntp-servers=
    • -Ddns-servers=
    • -Dsupport-url=

  2. Try it out.

    Play around (as an ordinary user) with /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --test --system for a test run of systemd without booting. This will read the unit files and print the initial transaction it would execute during boot-up. This will also inform you about ordering loops and suchlike.

Compilation options

The default configuration does not enable any optimization or hardening options. This is suitable for development and testing, but not for end-user installations.

For deployment, optimization (-O2 or -O3 compiler options), link time optimization (-Db_lto=true meson option), and hardening (e.g. -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2, -fstack-protector-strong, -fstack-clash-protection, -fcf-protection, -pie compiler options, and -z relro, -z now, --as-needed linker options) are recommended. The most appropriate set of options depends on the architecture and distribution specifics so no default is provided.

NTP Pool

By default, systemd-timesyncd uses the Google Public NTP servers time[1-4].google.com, if no other NTP configuration is available. They serve time that uses a leap second smear and can be up to .5s off from servers that use stepped leap seconds.

If you prefer to use leap second steps, please register your own vendor pool at ntp.org and make it the built-in default by passing -Dntp-servers= to meson. Registering vendor pools is free.

Use -Dntp-servers= to direct systemd-timesyncd to different fallback NTP servers.

DNS Servers

By default, systemd-resolved uses Cloudflare and Google Public DNS servers 1.1.1.1, 8.8.8.8, 1.0.0.1, 8.8.4.4, 2606:4700:4700::1111, 2001:4860:4860::8888, 2606:4700:4700::1001, 2001:4860:4860::8844 as fallback, if no other DNS configuration is available.

Use -Ddns-servers= to direct systemd-resolved to different fallback DNS servers.

PAM

The default PAM config shipped by systemd is really bare bones. It does not include many modules your distro might want to enable to provide a more seamless experience. For example, limits set in /etc/security/limits.conf will not be read unless you load pam_limits. Make sure you add modules your distro expects from user services.

Pass -Dpamconfdir=no to meson to avoid installing this file and instead install your own.

Contributing Upstream

We generally no longer accept distribution-specific patches to systemd upstream. If you have to make changes to systemd's source code to make it work on your distribution, unless your code is generic enough to be generally useful, we are unlikely to merge it. Please always consider adopting the upstream defaults. If that is not possible, please maintain the relevant patches downstream.

Thank you for understanding.