mirror of
https://github.com/systemd/systemd.git
synced 2024-12-12 03:33:44 +08:00
291 lines
16 KiB
XML
291 lines
16 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
|
|
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
|
|
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd">
|
|
<!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later -->
|
|
|
|
<refentry id="sd_journal_print" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
|
|
|
<refentryinfo>
|
|
<title>sd_journal_print</title>
|
|
<productname>systemd</productname>
|
|
</refentryinfo>
|
|
|
|
<refmeta>
|
|
<refentrytitle>sd_journal_print</refentrytitle>
|
|
<manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
|
|
</refmeta>
|
|
|
|
<refnamediv>
|
|
<refname>sd_journal_print</refname>
|
|
<refname>sd_journal_printv</refname>
|
|
<refname>sd_journal_send</refname>
|
|
<refname>sd_journal_sendv</refname>
|
|
<refname>sd_journal_perror</refname>
|
|
<refname>SD_JOURNAL_SUPPRESS_LOCATION</refname>
|
|
<refname>sd_journal_print_with_location</refname>
|
|
<refname>sd_journal_printv_with_location</refname>
|
|
<refname>sd_journal_send_with_location</refname>
|
|
<refname>sd_journal_sendv_with_location</refname>
|
|
<refname>sd_journal_perror_with_location</refname>
|
|
|
|
<refpurpose>Submit log entries to the journal</refpurpose>
|
|
</refnamediv>
|
|
|
|
<refsynopsisdiv>
|
|
<funcsynopsis>
|
|
<funcsynopsisinfo>#include <systemd/sd-journal.h></funcsynopsisinfo>
|
|
|
|
<funcprototype>
|
|
<funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_print</function></funcdef>
|
|
<paramdef>int <parameter>priority</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>format</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>…</paramdef>
|
|
</funcprototype>
|
|
|
|
<funcprototype>
|
|
<funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_printv</function></funcdef>
|
|
<paramdef>int <parameter>priority</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>format</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>va_list <parameter>ap</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
</funcprototype>
|
|
|
|
<funcprototype>
|
|
<funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_send</function></funcdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>format</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>…</paramdef>
|
|
</funcprototype>
|
|
|
|
<funcprototype>
|
|
<funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_sendv</function></funcdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const struct iovec *<parameter>iov</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>int <parameter>n</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
</funcprototype>
|
|
|
|
<funcprototype>
|
|
<funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_perror</function></funcdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>message</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
</funcprototype>
|
|
|
|
<funcprototype>
|
|
<funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_print_with_location</function></funcdef>
|
|
<paramdef>int <parameter>priority</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>file</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>line</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>func</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>format</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>…</paramdef>
|
|
</funcprototype>
|
|
|
|
<funcprototype>
|
|
<funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_printv_with_location</function></funcdef>
|
|
<paramdef>int <parameter>priority</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>file</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>line</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>func</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>format</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>va_list <parameter>ap</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
</funcprototype>
|
|
|
|
<funcprototype>
|
|
<funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_send_with_location</function></funcdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>file</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>line</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>func</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>format</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>…</paramdef>
|
|
</funcprototype>
|
|
|
|
<funcprototype>
|
|
<funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_sendv_with_location</function></funcdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>file</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>line</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>func</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const struct iovec *<parameter>iov</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>int <parameter>n</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
</funcprototype>
|
|
|
|
<funcprototype>
|
|
<funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_perror_with_location</function></funcdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>file</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>line</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>func</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
<paramdef>const char *<parameter>message</parameter></paramdef>
|
|
</funcprototype>
|
|
</funcsynopsis>
|
|
</refsynopsisdiv>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Description</title>
|
|
|
|
<para><function>sd_journal_print()</function> may be used to submit simple, plain text log entries to the system
|
|
journal. The first argument is a priority value. This is followed by a format string and its parameters, similar to
|
|
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>printf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> or
|
|
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
|
Note that currently the resulting message will be truncated to <constant>LINE_MAX - 8</constant>.
|
|
The priority value is one of <constant>LOG_EMERG</constant>, <constant>LOG_ALERT</constant>,
|
|
<constant>LOG_CRIT</constant>, <constant>LOG_ERR</constant>, <constant>LOG_WARNING</constant>,
|
|
<constant>LOG_NOTICE</constant>, <constant>LOG_INFO</constant>, <constant>LOG_DEBUG</constant>, as defined in
|
|
<filename>syslog.h</filename>, see <citerefentry
|
|
project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details. It is
|
|
recommended to use this call to submit log messages in the application locale or system locale and in UTF-8 format,
|
|
but no such restrictions are enforced. Note that log messages written using this function are generally not
|
|
expected to end in a new-line character. However, as all trailing whitespace (including spaces, new-lines,
|
|
tabulators and carriage returns) are automatically stripped from the logged string, it is acceptable to specify one
|
|
(or more). Empty lines (after trailing whitespace removal) are suppressed. On non-empty lines, leading whitespace
|
|
(as well as inner whitespace) is left unmodified. </para>
|
|
|
|
<para><function>sd_journal_printv()</function> is similar to
|
|
<function>sd_journal_print()</function> but takes a variable
|
|
argument list encapsulated in an object of type
|
|
<varname>va_list</varname> (see
|
|
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>stdarg</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
for more information) instead of the format string. It is
|
|
otherwise equivalent in behavior.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><function>sd_journal_send()</function> may be used to submit structured log entries to the system journal. It
|
|
takes a series of format strings, each immediately followed by their associated parameters, terminated by
|
|
<constant>NULL</constant>. The strings passed should be of the format <literal>VARIABLE=value</literal>. The
|
|
variable name must be in uppercase and consist only of characters, numbers and underscores, and may not begin with
|
|
an underscore. (All assignments that do not follow this syntax will be ignored.) The value can be of any size and
|
|
format. It is highly recommended to submit text strings formatted in the UTF-8 character encoding only, and submit
|
|
binary fields only when formatting in UTF-8 strings is not sensible. A number of well-known fields are defined, see
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.journal-fields</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> for
|
|
details, but additional application defined fields may be used. A variable may be assigned more than one value per
|
|
entry. If this function is used, trailing whitespace is automatically removed from each formatted field.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><function>sd_journal_sendv()</function> is similar to <function>sd_journal_send()</function> but takes an
|
|
array of <varname>struct iovec</varname> (as defined in <filename>uio.h</filename>, see <citerefentry
|
|
project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>readv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details)
|
|
instead of the format string. Each structure should reference one field of the entry to submit. The second argument
|
|
specifies the number of structures in the array. <function>sd_journal_sendv()</function> is particularly useful to
|
|
submit binary objects to the journal where that is necessary. Note that this function will not strip trailing
|
|
whitespace of the passed fields, but passes the specified data along unmodified. This is different from both
|
|
<function>sd_journal_print()</function> and <function>sd_journal_send()</function> described above, which are based
|
|
on format strings, and do strip trailing whitespace.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><function>sd_journal_perror()</function> is a similar to
|
|
<citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>perror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
and writes a message to the journal that consists of the passed
|
|
string, suffixed with ": " and a human-readable representation of
|
|
the current error code stored in
|
|
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>errno</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
|
If the message string is passed as <constant>NULL</constant> or
|
|
empty string, only the error string representation will be
|
|
written, prefixed with nothing. An additional journal field ERRNO=
|
|
is included in the entry containing the numeric error code
|
|
formatted as decimal string. The log priority used is
|
|
<constant>LOG_ERR</constant> (3).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that <function>sd_journal_send()</function> is a
|
|
wrapper around <function>sd_journal_sendv()</function> to make it
|
|
easier to use when only text strings shall be submitted. Also, the
|
|
following two calls are mostly equivalent:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>sd_journal_print(LOG_INFO, "Hello World, this is PID %lu!", (unsigned long) getpid());
|
|
|
|
sd_journal_send("MESSAGE=Hello World, this is PID %lu!", (unsigned long) getpid(),
|
|
"PRIORITY=%i", LOG_INFO,
|
|
NULL);</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that these calls implicitly add fields for the source file, function name and code line where
|
|
invoked. This is implemented with macros. If this is not desired, it can be turned off by defining
|
|
<constant>SD_JOURNAL_SUPPRESS_LOCATION</constant> before including <filename>sd-journal.h</filename>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><function>sd_journal_print_with_location()</function>,
|
|
<function>sd_journal_printv_with_location()</function>, <function>sd_journal_send_with_location()</function>,
|
|
<function>sd_journal_sendv_with_location()</function>, and
|
|
<function>sd_journal_perror_with_location()</function> are similar to their counterparts without
|
|
<literal>_with_location</literal>, but accept additional parameters to explicitly set the source file
|
|
name, function, and line. The arguments <literal>file</literal> and <literal>line</literal> must contain valid
|
|
journal entries including the variable name, e.g. <literal>CODE_FILE=src/foo.c</literal> and
|
|
<literal>CODE_LINE=666</literal>, while <literal>func</literal> must only contain the function name, i.e. the value
|
|
without <literal>CODE_FUNC=</literal>. These variants are primarily useful when writing custom wrappers, for
|
|
example in bindings for a different language.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
and <function>sd_journal_print()</function> may
|
|
largely be used interchangeably
|
|
functionality-wise. However, note that log messages
|
|
logged via the former take a different path to the
|
|
journal server than the later, and hence global
|
|
chronological ordering between the two streams cannot
|
|
be guaranteed. Using
|
|
<function>sd_journal_print()</function> has the
|
|
benefit of logging source code line, filenames, and
|
|
functions as metadata along all entries, and
|
|
guaranteeing chronological ordering with structured
|
|
log entries that are generated via
|
|
<function>sd_journal_send()</function>. Using
|
|
<function>syslog()</function> has the benefit of being
|
|
more portable.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>These functions implement a client to the <ulink
|
|
url="https://systemd.io/JOURNAL_NATIVE_PROTOCOL">Native Journal Protocol</ulink>.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Return Value</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The ten functions return 0 on success or a negative errno-style error code. The
|
|
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>errno</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
variable itself is not altered.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-journald</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
is not running (the socket is not present), those functions do
|
|
nothing, and also return 0.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Thread safety</title>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="threads-aware.xml" xpointer="safe"/>
|
|
|
|
<para><function>sd_journal_sendv()</function> and <function>sd_journal_sendv_with_location()</function>
|
|
are "async signal safe" in the meaning of
|
|
<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>signal-safety</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><function>sd_journal_print()</function>,
|
|
<function>sd_journal_printv()</function>,
|
|
<function>sd_journal_send()</function>,
|
|
<function>sd_journal_perror()</function>,
|
|
and their counterparts with <literal>_with_location</literal>
|
|
are not async signal safe.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<xi:include href="libsystemd-pkgconfig.xml" />
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>History</title>
|
|
<para><function>sd_journal_print()</function>,
|
|
<function>sd_journal_printv()</function>,
|
|
<function>sd_journal_send()</function>, and
|
|
<function>sd_journal_sendv()</function> were added in version 187.</para>
|
|
<para><function>sd_journal_perror()</function> was added in version 188.</para>
|
|
<para><function>sd_journal_print_with_location()</function>,
|
|
<function>sd_journal_printv_with_location()</function>,
|
|
<function>sd_journal_send_with_location()</function>,
|
|
<function>sd_journal_sendv_with_location()</function>, and
|
|
<function>sd_journal_perror_with_location()</function> were added in version 246.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
|
|
|
<para><simplelist type="inline">
|
|
<member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
|
|
<member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd-journal</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
|
|
<member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_journal_stream_fd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
|
|
<member><citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
|
|
<member><citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>perror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
|
|
<member><citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>errno</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
|
|
<member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.journal-fields</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
|
|
<member><citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>signal</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
|
|
<member><citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
|
|
</simplelist></para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
</refentry>
|