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199 lines
7.6 KiB
XML
199 lines
7.6 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later -->
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<refentry id="systemd-escape"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemd-escape</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemd-escape</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemd-escape</refname>
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<refpurpose>Escape strings for usage in systemd unit names</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>systemd-escape</command>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">STRING</arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para><command>systemd-escape</command> may be used to escape
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strings for inclusion in systemd unit names. The command may be
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used to escape and to undo escaping of strings.</para>
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<para>The command takes any number of strings on the command line,
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and will process them individually, one after another. It will
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output them separated by spaces to stdout.</para>
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<para>By default, this command will escape the strings passed,
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unless <option>--unescape</option> is passed which results in the
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inverse operation being applied. If <option>--mangle</option> is given, a
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special mode of escaping is applied instead, which assumes the
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string is already escaped but will escape everything that
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appears obviously non-escaped.</para>
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<para>For details on the escaping and unescaping algorithms see the relevant section in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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<para>The following options are understood:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--suffix=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Appends the specified unit type suffix to the
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escaped string. Takes one of the unit types supported by
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systemd, such as <literal>service</literal> or
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<literal>mount</literal>. May not be used in conjunction with
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<option>--template=</option>, <option>--unescape</option> or
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<option>--mangle</option>.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v216"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--template=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Inserts the escaped strings in a unit name
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template. Takes a unit name template such as
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<filename>foobar@.service</filename>. With
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<option>--unescape</option>, expects instantiated unit names
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for this template and extracts and unescapes just the instance
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part. May not be used in conjunction with
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<option>--suffix=</option>,
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<option>--instance</option> or
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<option>--mangle</option>.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v216"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--path</option></term>
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<term><option>-p</option></term>
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<listitem><para>When escaping or unescaping a string, assume it refers to a file system path. This
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simplifies the path (leading, trailing, and duplicate <literal>/</literal> characters are removed,
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no-op path <literal>.</literal> components are removed, and for absolute paths, leading
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<literal>..</literal> components are removed). After the simplification, the path must not contain
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<literal>..</literal>.</para>
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<para>This is particularly useful for generating strings suitable for unescaping with the
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<literal>%f</literal> specifier in unit files, see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v216"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--unescape</option></term>
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<term><option>-u</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Instead of escaping the specified strings,
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undo the escaping, reversing the operation. May not be used in
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conjunction with <option>--suffix=</option> or
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<option>--mangle</option>.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v216"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--mangle</option></term>
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<term><option>-m</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Like <option>--escape</option>, but only
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escape characters that are obviously not escaped yet, and
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possibly automatically append an appropriate unit type suffix
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to the string. May not be used in conjunction with
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<option>--suffix=</option>, <option>--template=</option> or
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<option>--unescape</option>.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v216"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--instance</option></term>
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<listitem><para>With <option>--unescape</option>, unescape
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and print only the instance part of an instantiated unit name
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template. Results in an error for an uninstantiated template
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like <filename>ssh@.service</filename> or a non-template name
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like <filename>ssh.service</filename>.
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Must be used in conjunction with <option>--unescape</option>
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and may not be used in conjunction with
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<option>--template</option>.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v240"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
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<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" />
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Examples</title>
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<para>To escape a single string:</para>
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<programlisting>$ systemd-escape 'Hallöchen, Meister'
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Hall\xc3\xb6chen\x2c\x20Meister</programlisting>
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<para>To undo escaping on a single string:</para>
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<programlisting>$ systemd-escape -u 'Hall\xc3\xb6chen\x2c\x20Meister'
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Hallöchen, Meister</programlisting>
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<para>To generate the mount unit for a path:</para>
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<programlisting>$ systemd-escape -p --suffix=mount "/tmp//waldi/foobar/"
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tmp-waldi-foobar.mount</programlisting>
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<para>To generate instance names of three strings:</para>
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<programlisting>$ systemd-escape --template=systemd-nspawn@.service 'My Container 1' 'containerb' 'container/III'
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systemd-nspawn@My\x20Container\x201.service systemd-nspawn@containerb.service systemd-nspawn@container-III.service</programlisting>
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<para>To extract the instance part of an instantiated unit:</para>
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<programlisting>$ systemd-escape -u --instance 'systemd-nspawn@My\x20Container\x201.service'
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My Container 1</programlisting>
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<para>To extract the instance part of an instance of a particular template:</para>
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<programlisting>$ systemd-escape -u --template=systemd-nspawn@.service 'systemd-nspawn@My\x20Container\x201.service'
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My Container 1</programlisting>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Exit status</title>
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<para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code
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otherwise.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>See Also</title>
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<para>
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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