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409 lines
19 KiB
XML
409 lines
19 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?>
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd">
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<!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later -->
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<refentry id="systemd-mount"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemd-mount</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemd-mount</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemd-mount</refname>
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<refname>systemd-umount</refname>
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<refpurpose>Establish and destroy transient mount or auto-mount points</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>systemd-mount</command>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat"><replaceable>OPTIONS</replaceable></arg>
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<arg choice="plain"><replaceable>WHAT</replaceable></arg>
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<arg choice="opt"><replaceable>WHERE</replaceable></arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>systemd-mount</command>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat"><replaceable>OPTIONS</replaceable></arg>
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<arg choice="plain"><option>--tmpfs</option></arg>
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<arg choice="opt"><replaceable>NAME</replaceable></arg>
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<arg choice="plain"><replaceable>WHERE</replaceable></arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>systemd-mount</command>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat"><replaceable>OPTIONS</replaceable></arg>
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<arg choice="plain"><option>--list</option></arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>systemd-mount</command>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat"><replaceable>OPTIONS</replaceable></arg>
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<arg choice="plain"><option>--umount</option></arg>
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<arg choice="plain" rep="repeat"><replaceable>WHAT|WHERE</replaceable></arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para><command>systemd-mount</command> may be used to create and start a transient <filename>.mount</filename> or
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<filename>.automount</filename> unit of the file system <replaceable>WHAT</replaceable> on the mount point
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<replaceable>WHERE</replaceable>.</para>
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<para>In many ways, <command>systemd-mount</command> is similar to the lower-level
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<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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command, however instead of executing the mount operation directly and immediately,
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<command>systemd-mount</command> schedules it through the service manager job queue, so that it may pull
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in further dependencies (such as parent mounts, or a file system checker to execute a priori), and may
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make use of the auto-mounting logic.</para>
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<para>The command takes either one or two arguments. If only one argument is specified it should refer to
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a block device or regular file containing a file system (e.g. <literal>/dev/sdb1</literal> or
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<literal>/path/to/disk.img</literal>). The block device or image file is then probed for a file system
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label and other metadata, and is mounted to a directory below <filename>/run/media/system/</filename>
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whose name is generated from the file system label. In this mode the block device or image file must
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exist at the time of invocation of the command, so that it may be probed. If the device is found to be a
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removable block device (e.g. a USB stick), an automount point is created instead of a regular mount point
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(i.e. the <option>--automount=</option> option is implied, see below). If the option
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<option>--tmpfs</option> is specified, then the argument is interpreted as the path where the new
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temporary file system shall be mounted.</para>
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<para>If two arguments are specified, the first indicates the mount source (the
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<replaceable>WHAT</replaceable>) and the second indicates the path to mount it on (the
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<replaceable>WHERE</replaceable>). In this mode no probing of the source is attempted, and a backing
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device node doesn't have to exist. However, if this mode is combined with <option>--discover</option>,
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device node probing for additional metadata is enabled, and – much like in the single-argument case
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discussed above – the specified device has to exist at the time of invocation of the command.</para>
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<para>Use the <option>--list</option> command to show a terse table of all local, known block devices with file
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systems that may be mounted with this command.</para>
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<para><command>systemd-umount</command> can be used to unmount a mount or automount point. It is the same
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as <command>systemd-mount</command> <option>--umount</option>.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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<para>The following options are understood:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-block</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Do not synchronously wait for the requested operation to finish. If this is not specified, the job will
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be verified, enqueued and <command>systemd-mount</command> will wait until the mount or automount unit's
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start-up is completed. By passing this argument, it is only verified and enqueued.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-l</option></term>
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<term><option>--full</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Do not ellipsize the output when <option>--list</option> is specified.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v245"/>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-pager"/>
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<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-legend" />
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<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-ask-password"/>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--quiet</option></term>
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<term><option>-q</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Suppresses additional informational output while running.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--discover</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Enable probing of the mount source. This switch is implied if a single argument is specified on
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the command line. If passed, additional metadata is read from the device to enhance the unit to create. For
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example, a descriptive string for the transient units is generated from the file system label and device
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model. Moreover if a removable block device (e.g. USB stick) is detected an automount unit instead of a regular
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mount unit is created, with a short idle timeout, in order to ensure the file-system is placed in a clean
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state quickly after each access.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--type=</option></term>
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<term><option>-t</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Specifies the file system type to mount (e.g. <literal>vfat</literal> or
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<literal>ext4</literal>). If omitted or set to <literal>auto</literal>, the file system type is
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determined automatically.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--options=</option></term>
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<term><option>-o</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Additional mount options for the mount point.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--owner=<replaceable>USER</replaceable></option></term>
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<listitem><para>Let the specified user <replaceable>USER</replaceable> own the mounted file system.
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This is done by appending <option>uid=</option> and <option>gid=</option> options to the list
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of mount options. Only certain file systems support this option.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v237"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--fsck=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument, defaults to on. Controls whether to run a file system check
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immediately before the mount operation. In the automount case (see <option>--automount=</option> below) the
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check will be run the moment the first access to the device is made, which might slightly delay the
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access.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--description=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Provide a description for the mount or automount unit. See <varname>Description=</varname> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--property=</option></term>
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<term><option>-p</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Sets a unit property for the mount unit that is created. This takes an assignment in the same
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format as <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>'s
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<command>set-property</command> command.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--automount=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a boolean argument. Controls whether to create an automount point or a regular mount
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point. If true an automount point is created that is backed by the actual file system at the time of first
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access. If false a plain mount point is created that is backed by the actual file system immediately. Automount
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points have the benefit that the file system stays unmounted and hence in clean state until it is first
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accessed. In automount mode the <option>--timeout-idle-sec=</option> switch (see below) may be used to ensure
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the mount point is unmounted automatically after the last access and an idle period passed.</para>
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<para>If this switch is not specified it defaults to false. If not specified and <option>--discover</option> is
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used (or only a single argument passed, which implies <option>--discover</option>, see above), and the file
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system block device is detected to be removable, it is set to true, in order to increase the chance that the
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file system is in a fully clean state if the device is unplugged abruptly.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-A</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Equivalent to <option>--automount=yes</option>.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--timeout-idle-sec=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Takes a time value that controls the idle timeout in automount mode. If set to
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<literal>infinity</literal> (the default) no automatic unmounts are done. Otherwise the file system backing the
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automount point is detached after the last access and the idle timeout passed. See
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.time</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on
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the time syntax supported. This option has no effect if only a regular mount is established, and automounting
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is not used.</para>
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<para>Note that if <option>--discover</option> is used (or only a single argument passed, which implies
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<option>--discover</option>, see above), and the file system block device is detected to be removable,
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<option>--timeout-idle-sec=1s</option> is implied.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--automount-property=</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Similar to <option>--property=</option>, but applies additional properties to the automount
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unit created, instead of the mount unit.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--bind-device</option></term>
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<listitem><para>This option only has an effect in automount mode,
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and controls whether the automount unit shall be bound to the backing device's lifetime. If set, the
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automount unit will be stopped automatically when the backing device vanishes. By default the automount unit
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stays around, and subsequent accesses will block until backing device is replugged. This option has no effect
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in case of non-device mounts, such as network or virtual file system mounts.</para>
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<para>Note that if <option>--discover</option> is used (or only a single argument passed, which implies
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<option>--discover</option>, see above), and the file system block device is detected to be removable, this
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option is implied.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--list</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Instead of establishing a mount or automount point, print a terse list of block devices
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containing file systems that may be mounted with <literal>systemd-mount</literal>, along with useful metadata
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such as labels, etc.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-u</option></term>
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<term><option>--umount</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Stop the mount and automount units corresponding to the specified mount points
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<replaceable>WHERE</replaceable> or the devices <replaceable>WHAT</replaceable>.
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<command>systemd-mount</command> with this option or <command>systemd-umount</command> can take multiple arguments
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which can be mount points, devices, <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> style node names, or backing files
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corresponding to loop devices, like
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<command>systemd-mount --umount /path/to/umount /dev/sda1 UUID=xxxxxx-xxxx LABEL=xxxxx /path/to/disk.img</command>.
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Note that when <option>-H</option> or <option>-M</option> is specified, only absolute paths to mount points are
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supported.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v233"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-G</option></term>
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<term><option>--collect</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Unload the transient unit after it completed, even if it failed. Normally, without this option,
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all mount units that mount and failed are kept in memory until the user explicitly resets their failure state with
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<command>systemctl reset-failed</command> or an equivalent command. On the other hand, units that stopped
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successfully are unloaded immediately. If this option is turned on the "garbage collection" of units is more
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aggressive, and unloads units regardless if they exited successfully or failed. This option is a shortcut for
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<command>--property=CollectMode=inactive-or-failed</command>, see the explanation for
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<varname>CollectMode=</varname> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for further
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information.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v236"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-T</option></term>
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<term><option>--tmpfs</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Create and mount a new <constant>tmpfs</constant> file system on
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<replaceable>WHERE</replaceable>, with an optional <replaceable>NAME</replaceable> that defaults to
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<literal>tmpfs</literal>.</para>
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<para>The file system is mounted with the top-level directory mode determined by the
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>umask</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry> setting
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of the caller, i.e. <constant>rwxrwxrwx</constant> masked by the umask of the caller. This matches
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what
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<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>mkdir</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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does, but is different from the kernel default of <literal>rwxrwxrwxt</literal>, i.e. a
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world-writable directory with the sticky bit set.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v255"/>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="user" />
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<xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="system" />
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<xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="host" />
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<xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="machine" />
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<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
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<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" />
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Exit status</title>
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<para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure
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code otherwise.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>The udev Database</title>
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<para>If <option>--discover</option> is used, <command>systemd-mount</command> honors a couple of additional udev
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properties of block devices:</para>
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<variablelist class='udev-directives'>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>SYSTEMD_MOUNT_OPTIONS=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>The mount options to use, if <option>--options=</option> is not used.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>SYSTEMD_MOUNT_WHERE=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>The file system path to place the mount point at, instead of the automatically generated
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one.</para>
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<xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v232"/></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Example</title>
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<para>Use a udev rule like the following to automatically mount all USB storage plugged in:</para>
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<programlisting>ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", SUBSYSTEM=="block", ENV{ID_FS_USAGE}=="filesystem", \
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RUN{program}+="/usr/bin/systemd-mount --no-block --automount=yes --collect $devnode"</programlisting>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>See Also</title>
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||
<para><simplelist type="inline">
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||
<member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
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||
<member><citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
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||
<member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
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||
<member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
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||
<member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
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||
<member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.automount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
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<member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-run</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
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</simplelist></para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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