mirror of
https://github.com/systemd/systemd.git
synced 2024-11-30 22:03:41 +08:00
223ab9345d
"systemctl load" has always been racy since the GC could hit any time, before making use of the loaded unit. Very recent systemd will run GC immeidately after all unit state changes which has the effect that the the effect of "systemctl load" is completely gone now, so let's remove the support for it in "systemctl" for good.
1253 lines
48 KiB
XML
1253 lines
48 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!--
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This file is part of systemd.
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Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
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systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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Lesser General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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-->
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<refentry id="systemctl">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>systemctl</title>
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<productname>systemd</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
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<surname>Poettering</surname>
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<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>systemctl</refname>
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<refpurpose>Control the systemd system and service manager</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>systemctl</command>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg>
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<arg choice="plain">COMMAND</arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">NAME</arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para><command>systemctl</command> may be used to
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introspect and control the state of the
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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system and service manager.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Options</title>
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<para>The following options are understood:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-h</option></term>
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<term><option>--help</option></term>
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<listitem><para>Prints a short help
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text and exits.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--version</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Prints a short version string and exits.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-t</option></term>
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<term><option>--type=</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The argument should be a comma-separated list of unit
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types such as <option>service</option> and
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<option>socket</option>.
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</para>
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<para>If one of the arguments is a unit type, when listing
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units, limit display to certain unit types. Otherwise, units
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of all types will be shown.</para>
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<para>As a special case, if one of the arguments is
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<option>help</option>, a list of allowed values will be
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printed and the program will exit.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--state=</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The argument should be a comma-separated list of unit LOAD
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or SUB or ACTIVE states. When listing units, show only those
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with specified LOAD or SUB or ACTIVE state.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-p</option></term>
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<term><option>--property=</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>When showing unit/job/manager properties with the
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<command>show</command> command, limit display to certain
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properties as specified as argument. If not specified, all
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set properties are shown. The argument should be a
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comma-separated list of property names, such as
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<literal>MainPID</literal>. If specified more than once, all
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properties with the specified names are shown.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-a</option></term>
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<term><option>--all</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>When listing units, show all loaded units, regardless
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of their state, including inactive units. When showing
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unit/job/manager properties, show all properties regardless
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whether they are set or not.</para>
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<para>To list all units installed on the system, use the
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<command>list-unit-files</command> command instead.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--reverse</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Show reverse dependencies between units with
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<command>list-dependencies</command>, i.e. units with
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dependencies of type <varname>Wants=</varname> or
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<varname>Requires=</varname> on the given unit.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--after</option></term>
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<term><option>--before</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Show which units are started after or before
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with <command>list-dependencies</command>, respectively.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-l</option></term>
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<term><option>--full</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Do not ellipsize unit names, cgroup members, and
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truncate unit descriptions in the output of
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<command>list-units</command> and
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<command>list-jobs</command>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--fail</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If the requested operation conflicts with a pending
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unfinished job, fail the command. If this is not specified,
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the requested operation will replace the pending job, if
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necessary. Do not confuse with
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<option>--failed</option>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--show-types</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>When showing sockets, show the type of the socket.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--irreversible</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Mark this transaction's jobs as irreversible. This prevents
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future conflicting transactions from replacing these jobs.
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The jobs can still be cancelled using the <command>cancel</command>
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command.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--ignore-dependencies</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>When enqueuing a new job, ignore all its dependencies
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and execute it immediately. If passed, no required units of
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the unit passed will be pulled in, and no ordering
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dependencies will be honored. This is mostly a debugging and
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rescue tool for the administrator and should not be used by
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applications.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-i</option></term>
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<term><option>--ignore-inhibitors</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>When system shutdown or a sleep state is requested,
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ignore inhibitor locks. Applications can establish inhibitor
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locks to avoid that certain important operations (such as CD
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burning or suchlike) are interrupted by system shutdown or a
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sleep state. Any user may take these locks and privileged
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users may override these locks. If any locks are taken,
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shutdown and sleep state requests will normally fail
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(regardless if privileged or not) and a list of active locks
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is printed. However, if <option>--ignore-inhibitors</option>
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is specified, the locks are ignored and not printed, and the
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operation attempted anyway, possibly requiring additional
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privileges.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-q</option></term>
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<term><option>--quiet</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Suppress output to standard output in
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<command>snapshot</command>,
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<command>is-active</command>,
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|
<command>is-failed</command>,
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<command>enable</command> and
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<command>disable</command>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-block</option></term>
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<listitem>
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|
<para>Do not synchronously wait for the requested operation
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to finish. If this is not specified, the job will be
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verified, enqueued and <command>systemctl</command> will
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wait until it is completed. By passing this argument, it is
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only verified and enqueued.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--no-legend</option></term>
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<listitem>
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|
<para>Do not print a legend, i.e. the column headers and
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the footer with hints.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
|
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<term><option>--no-pager</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Do not pipe output into a pager.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--system</option></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Talk to the systemd system manager. (Default)</para>
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|
</listitem>
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|
</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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|
<term><option>--user</option></term>
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<listitem>
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|
<para>Talk to the systemd manager of the calling
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user.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-wall</option></term>
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|
|
<listitem>
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|
<para>Do not send wall message before halt, power-off,
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reboot.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--global</option></term>
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<listitem>
|
|
<para>When used with <command>enable</command> and
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<command>disable</command>, operate on the global user
|
|
configuration directory, thus enabling or disabling a unit
|
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file globally for all future logins of all users.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-reload</option></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>When used with <command>enable</command> and
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<command>disable</command>, do not implicitly reload daemon
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configuration after executing the changes.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--no-ask-password</option></term>
|
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<listitem>
|
|
<para>When used with <command>start</command> and related
|
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commands, disables asking for passwords. Background services
|
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may require input of a password or passphrase string, for
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|
example to unlock system hard disks or cryptographic
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certificates. Unless this option is specified and the
|
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command is invoked from a terminal,
|
|
<command>systemctl</command> will query the user on the
|
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terminal for the necessary secrets. Use this option to
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switch this behavior off. In this case, the password must be
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supplied by some other means (for example graphical password
|
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agents) or the service might fail. This also disables
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querying the user for authentication for privileged
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operations.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--kill-who=</option></term>
|
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<listitem>
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|
<para>When used with <command>kill</command>, choose which
|
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processes to kill. Must be one of <option>main</option>,
|
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<option>control</option> or <option>all</option> to select
|
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whether to kill only the main process of the unit, the
|
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control process or all processes of the unit. If omitted,
|
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defaults to <option>all</option>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
|
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<term><option>-s</option></term>
|
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<term><option>--signal=</option></term>
|
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<listitem>
|
|
<para>When used with <command>kill</command>, choose which
|
|
signal to send to selected processes. Must be one of the
|
|
well known signal specifiers such as <constant>SIGTERM</constant>, <constant>SIGINT</constant> or
|
|
<constant>SIGSTOP</constant>. If omitted, defaults to
|
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<option>SIGTERM</option>.</para>
|
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>-f</option></term>
|
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<term><option>--force</option></term>
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<listitem>
|
|
<para>When used with <command>enable</command>, overwrite
|
|
any existing conflicting symlinks.</para>
|
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|
<para>When used with <command>halt</command>,
|
|
<command>poweroff</command>, <command>reboot</command> or
|
|
<command>kexec</command>, execute the selected operation
|
|
without shutting down all units. However, all processes will
|
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be killed forcibly and all file systems are unmounted or
|
|
remounted read-only. This is hence a drastic but relatively
|
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safe option to request an immediate reboot. If
|
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<option>--force</option> is specified twice for these
|
|
operations, they will be executed immediately without
|
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terminating any processes or umounting any file
|
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systems. Warning: specifying <option>--force</option> twice
|
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with any of these operations might result in data
|
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loss.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--root=</option></term>
|
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|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>When used with
|
|
<command>enable</command>/<command>disable</command>/<command>is-enabled</command>
|
|
(and related commands), use alternative root path when
|
|
looking for unit files.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
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|
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<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--runtime</option></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>When used with <command>enable</command>,
|
|
<command>disable</command>, <command>is-enabled</command>
|
|
(and related commands), make changes only temporarily, so
|
|
that they are lost on the next reboot. This will have the
|
|
effect that changes are not made in subdirectories of
|
|
<filename>/etc</filename> but in <filename>/run</filename>,
|
|
with identical immediate effects, however, since the latter
|
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is lost on reboot, the changes are lost too.</para>
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<para>Similar, when used with
|
|
<command>set-property</command>, make changes only
|
|
temporarily, so that they are lost on the next
|
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reboot.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>-H</option></term>
|
|
<term><option>--host</option></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Execute operation remotely. Specify a hostname, or
|
|
username and hostname separated by <literal>@</literal>, to connect to. This
|
|
will use SSH to talk to the remote systemd
|
|
instance.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>-P</option></term>
|
|
<term><option>--privileged</option></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Acquire privileges via PolicyKit before executing the
|
|
operation.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>-n</option></term>
|
|
<term><option>--lines=</option></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>When used with <command>status</command>, controls the
|
|
number of journal lines to show, counting from the most
|
|
recent ones. Takes a positive integer argument. Defaults to
|
|
10.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>-o</option></term>
|
|
<term><option>--output=</option></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>When used with <command>status</command>, controls the
|
|
formatting of the journal entries that are shown. For the
|
|
available choices, see
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
|
Defaults to <literal>short</literal>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><option>--plain</option></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>When used with <command>list-dependencies</command>,
|
|
the output is printed as a list instead of a tree.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Commands</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The following commands are understood:</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>list-units</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>List known units (subject to limitations specified
|
|
with <option>-t</option>).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This is the default command.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>list-sockets</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>List socket units ordered by the listening address. Produces output
|
|
similar to
|
|
<programlisting>
|
|
LISTEN UNIT ACTIVATES
|
|
/dev/initctl systemd-initctl.socket systemd-initctl.service
|
|
...
|
|
[::]:22 sshd.socket sshd.service
|
|
kobject-uevent 1 systemd-udevd-kernel.socket systemd-udevd.service
|
|
|
|
5 sockets listed.
|
|
</programlisting>
|
|
Note: because the addresses might contains spaces, this output
|
|
is not suitable for programmatic consumption.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>See also the options <option>--show-types</option>,
|
|
<option>--all</option>, and <option>--failed</option>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>start <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Start (activate) one or more units specified on the
|
|
command line.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>stop <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Stop (deactivate) one or more units specified on the
|
|
command line.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reload <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Asks all units listed on the command line to reload
|
|
their configuration. Note that this will reload the
|
|
service-specific configuration, not the unit configuration
|
|
file of systemd. If you want systemd to reload the
|
|
configuration file of a unit use the
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command> command. In other words:
|
|
for the example case of Apache, this will reload Apache's
|
|
<filename>httpd.conf</filename> in the web server, not the
|
|
<filename>apache.service</filename> systemd unit
|
|
file.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command should not be confused with the
|
|
<command>daemon-reload</command> or <command>load</command>
|
|
commands.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>restart <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Restart one or more units specified on the command
|
|
line. If the units are not running yet, they will be
|
|
started.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>try-restart <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Restart one or more units specified on the command
|
|
line if the units are running. This does nothing if units are not
|
|
running. Note that, for compatibility with Red Hat init
|
|
scripts, <command>condrestart</command> is equivalent to this
|
|
command.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reload-or-restart <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Reload one or more units if they support it. If not,
|
|
restart them instead. If the units are not running yet, they
|
|
will be started.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reload-or-try-restart <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Reload one or more units if they support it. If not,
|
|
restart them instead. This does nothing if the units are not
|
|
running. Note that, for compatibility with SysV init scripts,
|
|
<command>force-reload</command> is equivalent to this
|
|
command.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>isolate <replaceable>NAME</replaceable></command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Start the unit specified on the command line and its
|
|
dependencies and stop all others.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This is similar to changing the runlevel in a
|
|
traditional init system. The <command>isolate</command>
|
|
command will immediately stop processes that are not enabled
|
|
in the new unit, possibly including the graphical
|
|
environment or terminal you are currently using.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that this is allowed only on units where
|
|
<option>AllowIsolate=</option> is enabled. See
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
for details.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>kill <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Send a signal to one or more processes of the
|
|
unit. Use <option>--kill-who=</option> to select which
|
|
process to kill. Use <option>--kill-mode=</option> to select
|
|
the kill mode and <option>--signal=</option> to select the
|
|
signal to send.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>is-active <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Check whether any of the specified units are active
|
|
(i.e. running). Returns an exit code 0 if at least one is
|
|
active, non-zero otherwise. Unless <option>--quiet</option>
|
|
is specified, this will also print the current unit state to
|
|
STDOUT.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>is-failed <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Check whether any of the specified units are in a "failed" state.
|
|
Returns an exit code 0 if at least one has failed, non-zero
|
|
otherwise. Unless <option>--quiet</option> is specified, this
|
|
will also print the current unit state to
|
|
STDOUT.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>status [<replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...|<replaceable>PID</replaceable>...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Show terse runtime status information about one or
|
|
more units, followed by most recent log data from the
|
|
journal. If no units are specified, show all units (subject
|
|
to limitations specified with <option>-t</option>). If a PID
|
|
is passed, show information about the unit the process
|
|
belongs to.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This function is intended to generate human-readable
|
|
output. If you are looking for computer-parsable output, use
|
|
<command>show</command> instead.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>show [<replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...|<replaceable>JOB</replaceable>...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Show properties of one or more units, jobs, or the
|
|
manager itself. If no argument is specified properties of
|
|
the manager will be shown. If a unit name is specified
|
|
properties of the unit is shown, and if a job id is
|
|
specified properties of the job is shown. By default, empty
|
|
properties are suppressed. Use <option>--all</option> to
|
|
show those too. To select specific properties to show use
|
|
<option>--property=</option>. This command is intended to be
|
|
used whenever computer-parsable output is required. Use
|
|
<command>status</command> if you are looking for formatted
|
|
human-readable output.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>set-property <replaceable>NAME</replaceable> <replaceable>ASSIGNMENT</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Set the specified unit properties at runtime where
|
|
this is supported. This allows changing configuration
|
|
parameter properties such as resource management controls at
|
|
runtime. Not all properties may be changed at runtime, but
|
|
many resource management settings (primarily those in
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.cgroup</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>)
|
|
may. The changes are applied instantly, and stored on disk
|
|
for future boots, unless <option>--runtime</option> is
|
|
passed, in which case the settings only apply until the next
|
|
reboot. The syntax of the property assignment follows
|
|
closely the syntax of assignments in unit files.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Example: <command>systemctl set-property foobar.service CPUShares=777</command></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that this command allows changing multiple
|
|
properties at the same time, which is preferable over
|
|
setting them individually. Like unit file configuration
|
|
settings, assigning the empty list to list parameters will
|
|
reset the list.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>help <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...|<replaceable>PID</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Show manual pages for one or more units, if
|
|
available. If a PID is given, the manual pages for the unit
|
|
the process belongs to are shown.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reset-failed [<replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Reset the <literal>failed</literal> state of the
|
|
specified units, or if no unit name is passed, reset the state of all
|
|
units. When a unit fails in some way (i.e. process exiting
|
|
with non-zero error code, terminating abnormally or timing
|
|
out), it will automatically enter the
|
|
<literal>failed</literal> state and its exit code and status
|
|
is recorded for introspection by the administrator until the
|
|
service is restarted or reset with this command.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>list-unit-files</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>List installed unit files.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>enable <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Enable one or more unit files or unit file instances,
|
|
as specified on the command line. This will create a number
|
|
of symlinks as encoded in the <literal>[Install]</literal>
|
|
sections of the unit files. After the symlinks have been
|
|
created, the systemd configuration is reloaded (in a way that
|
|
is equivalent to <command>daemon-reload</command>) to ensure
|
|
the changes are taken into account immediately. Note that
|
|
this does <emphasis>not</emphasis> have the effect of also
|
|
starting any of the units being enabled. If this
|
|
is desired, a separate <command>start</command> command must
|
|
be invoked for the unit. Also note that in case of instance
|
|
enablement, symlinks named the same as instances are created in
|
|
the install location, however they all point to the same
|
|
template unit file.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command will print the actions executed. This
|
|
output may be suppressed by passing <option>--quiet</option>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that this operation creates only the suggested
|
|
symlinks for the units. While this command is the
|
|
recommended way to manipulate the unit configuration
|
|
directory, the administrator is free to make additional
|
|
changes manually by placing or removing symlinks in the
|
|
directory. This is particularly useful to create
|
|
configurations that deviate from the suggested default
|
|
installation. In this case, the administrator must make sure
|
|
to invoke <command>daemon-reload</command> manually as
|
|
necessary to ensure the changes are taken into account.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Enabling units should not be confused with starting
|
|
(activating) units, as done by the <command>start</command>
|
|
command. Enabling and starting units is orthogonal: units
|
|
may be enabled without being started and started without
|
|
being enabled. Enabling simply hooks the unit into various
|
|
suggested places (for example, so that the unit is
|
|
automatically started on boot or when a particular kind of
|
|
hardware is plugged in). Starting actually spawns the daemon
|
|
process (in case of service units), or binds the socket (in
|
|
case of socket units), and so on.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Depending on whether <option>--system</option>,
|
|
<option>--user</option> or <option>--global</option> is
|
|
specified, this enables the unit for the system, for the
|
|
calling user only or for all future logins of all
|
|
users. Note that in the last case, no systemd daemon
|
|
configuration is reloaded.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>disable <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Disables one or more units. This removes all symlinks
|
|
to the specified unit files from the unit configuration
|
|
directory, and hence undoes the changes made by
|
|
<command>enable</command>. Note however that this removes
|
|
all symlinks to the unit files (i.e. including manual
|
|
additions), not just those actually created by
|
|
<command>enable</command>. This call implicitly reloads the
|
|
systemd daemon configuration after completing the disabling
|
|
of the units. Note that this command does not implicitly
|
|
stop the units that are being disabled. If this is desired,
|
|
an additional <command>stop</command> command should be
|
|
executed afterwards.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command will print the actions executed. This
|
|
output may be suppressed by passing <option>--quiet</option>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>This command honors <option>--system</option>,
|
|
<option>--user</option>, <option>--global</option> in a
|
|
similar way as <command>enable</command>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>is-enabled <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Checks whether any of the specified unit files are
|
|
enabled (as with <command>enable</command>). Returns an exit
|
|
code of 0 if at least one is enabled, non-zero
|
|
otherwise. Prints the current enable status. To suppress
|
|
this output, use <option>--quiet</option>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reenable <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Reenable one or more unit files, as specified on the
|
|
command line. This is a combination of
|
|
<command>disable</command> and <command>enable</command> and
|
|
is useful to reset the symlinks a unit is enabled with to
|
|
the defaults configured in the <literal>[Install]</literal>
|
|
section of the unit file.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>preset <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Reset one or more unit files, as specified on the
|
|
command line, to the defaults configured in the preset
|
|
policy files. This has the same effect as
|
|
<command>disable</command> or <command>enable</command>,
|
|
depending how the unit is listed in the preset files. For
|
|
more information on the preset policy format, see
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.preset</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
|
|
For more information on the concept of presets, please
|
|
consult the
|
|
<ulink url="http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/Preset">Preset</ulink>
|
|
document.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>mask <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Mask one or more unit files, as specified on the
|
|
command line. This will link these units to
|
|
<filename>/dev/null</filename>, making it impossible to
|
|
start them. This is a stronger version of
|
|
<command>disable</command>, since it prohibits all kinds of
|
|
activation of the unit, including manual activation. Use
|
|
this option with care.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>unmask <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Unmask one or more unit files, as specified on the
|
|
command line. This will undo the effect of
|
|
<command>mask</command>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>link <replaceable>FILENAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Link a unit file that is not in the unit file search
|
|
paths into the unit file search path. This requires an
|
|
absolute path to a unit file. The effect of this can be
|
|
undone with <command>disable</command>. The effect of this
|
|
command is that a unit file is available for
|
|
<command>start</command> and other commands although it
|
|
is not installed directly in the unit search path.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>get-default</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Get the default target specified
|
|
via <filename>default.target</filename> link.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>set-default <replaceable>NAME</replaceable></command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Set the default target to boot into. Command links
|
|
<filename>default.target</filename> to the given unit.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>list-jobs</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>List jobs that are in progress.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>cancel <replaceable>JOB</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Cancel one or more jobs specified on the command line
|
|
by their numeric job IDs. If no job ID is specified, cancel
|
|
all pending jobs.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>list-dependencies <replaceable>NAME</replaceable></command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Shows required and wanted units of the specified
|
|
unit. If no unit is specified,
|
|
<filename>default.target</filename> is implied. Target units
|
|
are recursively expanded. When <option>--all</option> is
|
|
passed, all other units are recursively expanded as
|
|
well.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>snapshot [<replaceable>NAME</replaceable>]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Create a snapshot. If a snapshot name is specified,
|
|
the new snapshot will be named after it. If none is
|
|
specified, an automatic snapshot name is generated. In either
|
|
case, the snapshot name used is printed to STDOUT, unless
|
|
<option>--quiet</option> is specified.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>A snapshot refers to a saved state of the systemd
|
|
manager. It is implemented itself as a unit that is
|
|
generated dynamically with this command and has dependencies
|
|
on all units active at the time. At a later time, the user
|
|
may return to this state by using the
|
|
<command>isolate</command> command on the snapshot unit.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Snapshots are only useful for saving and restoring
|
|
which units are running or are stopped, they do not
|
|
save/restore any other state. Snapshots are dynamic and lost
|
|
on reboot.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>delete <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Remove a snapshot previously created with
|
|
<command>snapshot</command>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>daemon-reload</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Reload systemd manager configuration. This will reload
|
|
all unit files and recreate the entire dependency
|
|
tree. While the daemon is reloaded, all sockets systemd
|
|
listens on on behalf of user configuration will stay
|
|
accessible.</para> <para>This command should not be confused
|
|
with the <command>load</command> or
|
|
<command>reload</command> commands.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>daemon-reexec</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Reexecute the systemd manager. This will serialize the
|
|
manager state, reexecute the process and deserialize the
|
|
state again. This command is of little use except for
|
|
debugging and package upgrades. Sometimes it might be
|
|
helpful as a heavy-weight <command>daemon-reload</command>.
|
|
While the daemon is reexecuted, all sockets systemd listening
|
|
on behalf of user configuration will stay accessible.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>show-environment</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Dump the systemd manager environment block. The
|
|
environment block will be dumped in straight-forward form
|
|
suitable for sourcing into a shell script. This environment
|
|
block will be passed to all processes the manager
|
|
spawns.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>set-environment <replaceable>VARIABLE=VALUE</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Set one or more systemd manager environment variables,
|
|
as specified on the command line.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>unset-environment <replaceable>VARIABLE</replaceable>...</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Unset one or more systemd manager environment
|
|
variables. If only a variable name is specified, it will be
|
|
removed regardless of its value. If a variable and a value
|
|
are specified, the variable is only removed if it has the
|
|
specified value.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>default</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Enter default mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>isolate default.target</command>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>rescue</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Enter rescue mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>isolate rescue.target</command>, but also prints a
|
|
wall message to all users.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>emergency</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Enter emergency mode. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>isolate emergency.target</command>, but also prints
|
|
a wall message to all users.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>halt</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Shut down and halt the system. This is mostly equivalent to
|
|
<command>start halt.target --irreversible</command>, but also
|
|
prints a wall message to all users. If combined with
|
|
<option>--force</option>, shutdown of all running services is
|
|
skipped, however all processes are killed and all file
|
|
systems are unmounted or mounted read-only, immediately
|
|
followed by the system halt. If <option>--force</option> is
|
|
specified twice, the operation is immediately executed
|
|
without terminating any processes or unmounting any file
|
|
systems. This may result in data loss.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>poweroff</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Shut down and power-off the system. This is mostly
|
|
equivalent to <command>start poweroff.target --irreversible</command>,
|
|
but also prints a wall message to all users. If combined with
|
|
<option>--force</option>, shutdown of all running services is
|
|
skipped, however all processes are killed and all file
|
|
systems are unmounted or mounted read-only, immediately
|
|
followed by the powering off. If <option>--force</option> is
|
|
specified twice, the operation is immediately executed
|
|
without terminating any processes or unmounting any file
|
|
systems. This may result in data loss.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>reboot</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Shut down and reboot the system. This is mostly
|
|
equivalent to <command>start reboot.target --irreversible</command>,
|
|
but also prints a wall message to all users. If combined with
|
|
<option>--force</option>, shutdown of all running services is
|
|
skipped, however all processes are killed and all file
|
|
systems are unmounted or mounted read-only, immediately
|
|
followed by the reboot. If <option>--force</option> is
|
|
specified twice, the operation is immediately executed
|
|
without terminating any processes or unmounting any file
|
|
systems. This may result in data loss.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>kexec</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Shut down and reboot the system via kexec. This is
|
|
mostly equivalent to <command>start kexec.target --irreversible</command>,
|
|
but also prints a wall message to all users. If combined
|
|
with <option>--force</option>, shutdown of all running
|
|
services is skipped, however all processes are killed and
|
|
all file systems are unmounted or mounted read-only,
|
|
immediately followed by the reboot.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>exit</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Ask the systemd manager to quit. This is only
|
|
supported for user service managers (i.e. in conjunction
|
|
with the <option>--user</option> option) and will fail
|
|
otherwise.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>suspend</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Suspend the system. This will trigger activation of
|
|
the special <filename>suspend.target</filename> target.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>hibernate</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Hibernate the system. This will trigger activation of
|
|
the special <filename>hibernate.target</filename> target.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>hybrid-sleep</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Hibernate and suspend the system. This will trigger
|
|
activation of the special
|
|
<filename>hybrid-sleep.target</filename> target.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><command>switch-root <replaceable>ROOT</replaceable> [<replaceable>INIT</replaceable>]</command></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Switches to a different root directory and executes a
|
|
new system manager process below it. This is intended for
|
|
usage in initial RAM disks ("initrd"), and will transition
|
|
from the initrd's system manager process (a.k.a "init"
|
|
process) to the main system manager process. This call takes two
|
|
arguments: the directory that is to become the new root directory, and
|
|
the path to the new system manager binary below it to
|
|
execute as PID 1. If the latter is omitted or the empty
|
|
string, a systemd binary will automatically be searched for
|
|
and used as init. If the system manager path is omitted or
|
|
equal to the empty string, the state of the initrd's system
|
|
manager process is passed to the main system manager, which
|
|
allows later introspection of the state of the services
|
|
involved in the initrd boot.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Exit status</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure
|
|
code otherwise.</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Environment</title>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist class='environment-variables'>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><varname>$SYSTEMD_PAGER</varname></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Pager to use when <option>--no-pager</option> is not
|
|
given; overrides <varname>$PAGER</varname>. Setting this to
|
|
an empty string or the value <literal>cat</literal> is
|
|
equivalent to passing
|
|
<option>--no-pager</option>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See Also</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemadm</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>loginctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.cgroupq</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.special</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>wall</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
|
|
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.preset</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
</refentry>
|