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man: document all the new options we acquired
This commit is contained in:
Lennart Poettering
parent
99be45a46f
commit
fc8d038130
@ -482,145 +482,116 @@
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>StandardInput=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Controls where file descriptor 0 (STDIN) of
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the executed processes is connected to. Takes one of
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<option>null</option>,
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<option>tty</option>,
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<option>tty-force</option>,
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<option>tty-fail</option>,
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<option>socket</option> or
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<option>fd</option>.</para>
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<listitem><para>Controls where file descriptor 0 (STDIN) of the executed processes is connected to. Takes one
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of <option>null</option>, <option>tty</option>, <option>tty-force</option>, <option>tty-fail</option>,
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<option>data</option>, <option>file:<replaceable>path</replaceable></option>, <option>socket</option> or
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<option>fd:<replaceable>name</replaceable></option>.</para>
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<para>If <option>null</option> is selected, standard input
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will be connected to <filename>/dev/null</filename>, i.e. all
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read attempts by the process will result in immediate
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EOF.</para>
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<para>If <option>null</option> is selected, standard input will be connected to <filename>/dev/null</filename>,
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i.e. all read attempts by the process will result in immediate EOF.</para>
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<para>If <option>tty</option> is selected, standard input is
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connected to a TTY (as configured by
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<varname>TTYPath=</varname>, see below) and the executed
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process becomes the controlling process of the terminal. If
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the terminal is already being controlled by another process,
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the executed process waits until the current controlling
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process releases the terminal.</para>
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<para>If <option>tty</option> is selected, standard input is connected to a TTY (as configured by
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<varname>TTYPath=</varname>, see below) and the executed process becomes the controlling process of the
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terminal. If the terminal is already being controlled by another process, the executed process waits until the
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current controlling process releases the terminal.</para>
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<para><option>tty-force</option> is similar to
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<option>tty</option>, but the executed process is forcefully
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and immediately made the controlling process of the terminal,
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potentially removing previous controlling processes from the
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terminal.</para>
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<para><option>tty-force</option> is similar to <option>tty</option>, but the executed process is forcefully and
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immediately made the controlling process of the terminal, potentially removing previous controlling processes
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from the terminal.</para>
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<para><option>tty-fail</option> is similar to
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<option>tty</option> but if the terminal already has a
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controlling process start-up of the executed process
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fails.</para>
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<para><option>tty-fail</option> is similar to <option>tty</option>, but if the terminal already has a
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controlling process start-up of the executed process fails.</para>
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<para>The <option>socket</option> option is only valid in
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socket-activated services, and only when the socket
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configuration file (see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for details) specifies a single socket only. If this option is
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set, standard input will be connected to the socket the
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service was activated from, which is primarily useful for
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compatibility with daemons designed for use with the
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traditional
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<citerefentry project='freebsd'><refentrytitle>inetd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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<para>The <option>data</option> option may be used to configure arbitrary textual or binary data to pass via
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standard input to the executed process. The data to pass is configured via
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<varname>StandardInputText=</varname>/<varname>StandardInputData=</varname> (see below). Note that the actual
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file descriptor type passed (memory file, regular file, UNIX pipe, …) might depend on the kernel and available
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privileges. In any case, the file descriptor is read-only, and when read returns the specified data
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followed by EOF.</para>
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<para>The <option>file:<replaceable>path</replaceable></option> option may be used to connect a specific file
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system object to standard input. An absolute path following the <literal>:</literal> character is expected,
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which may refer to a regular file, a FIFO or special file. If an <constant>AF_UNIX</constant> socket in the
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file system is specified, a stream socket is connected to it. The latter is useful for connecting standard
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input of processes to arbitrary system services.</para>
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<para>The <option>socket</option> option is valid in socket-activated services only, and requires the relevant
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socket unit file (see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details)
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to have <varname>Accept=yes</varname> set, or to specify a single socket only. If this option is set, standard
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input will be connected to the socket the service was activated from, which is primarily useful for
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compatibility with daemons designed for use with the traditional <citerefentry
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project='freebsd'><refentrytitle>inetd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> socket activation
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daemon.</para>
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<para>The <option>fd</option> option connects
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the input stream to a single file descriptor provided by a socket unit.
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A custom named file descriptor can be specified as part of this option,
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after a <literal>:</literal> (e.g. <literal>fd:<replaceable>foobar</replaceable></literal>).
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If no name is specified, <literal>stdin</literal> is assumed
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(i.e. <literal>fd</literal> is equivalent to <literal>fd:stdin</literal>).
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At least one socket unit defining such name must be explicitly provided via the
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<varname>Sockets=</varname> option, and file descriptor name may differ
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from the name of its containing socket unit.
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If multiple matches are found, the first one will be used.
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See <varname>FileDescriptorName=</varname> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for more details about named descriptors and ordering.</para>
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<para>The <option>fd:<replaceable>name</replaceable></option> option connects standard input to a specific,
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named file descriptor provided by a socket unit. The name may be specified as part of this option, following a
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<literal>:</literal> character (e.g. <literal>fd:foobar</literal>). If no name is specified, the name
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<literal>stdin</literal> is implied (i.e. <literal>fd</literal> is equivalent to <literal>fd:stdin</literal>).
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At least one socket unit defining the specified name must be provided via the <varname>Sockets=</varname>
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option, and the file descriptor name may differ from the name of its containing socket unit. If multiple
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matches are found, the first one will be used. See <varname>FileDescriptorName=</varname> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more
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details about named file descriptors and their ordering.</para>
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<para>This setting defaults to
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<option>null</option>.</para></listitem>
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<para>This setting defaults to <option>null</option>.</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>StandardOutput=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Controls where file descriptor 1 (STDOUT) of
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the executed processes is connected to. Takes one of
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<option>inherit</option>,
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<option>null</option>,
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<option>tty</option>,
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<option>journal</option>,
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<option>syslog</option>,
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<option>kmsg</option>,
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<option>journal+console</option>,
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<option>syslog+console</option>,
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<option>kmsg+console</option>,
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<option>socket</option> or
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<option>fd</option>.</para>
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<listitem><para>Controls where file descriptor 1 (STDOUT) of the executed processes is connected to. Takes one
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of <option>inherit</option>, <option>null</option>, <option>tty</option>, <option>journal</option>,
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<option>syslog</option>, <option>kmsg</option>, <option>journal+console</option>,
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<option>syslog+console</option>, <option>kmsg+console</option>,
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<option>file:<replaceable>path</replaceable></option>, <option>socket</option> or
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<option>fd:<replaceable>name</replaceable></option>.</para>
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<para><option>inherit</option> duplicates the file descriptor
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of standard input for standard output.</para>
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<para><option>inherit</option> duplicates the file descriptor of standard input for standard output.</para>
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<para><option>null</option> connects standard output to
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<filename>/dev/null</filename>, i.e. everything written to it
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will be lost.</para>
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<para><option>null</option> connects standard output to <filename>/dev/null</filename>, i.e. everything written
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to it will be lost.</para>
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<para><option>tty</option> connects standard output to a tty
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(as configured via <varname>TTYPath=</varname>, see below). If
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the TTY is used for output only, the executed process will not
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become the controlling process of the terminal, and will not
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fail or wait for other processes to release the
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terminal.</para>
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<para><option>tty</option> connects standard output to a tty (as configured via <varname>TTYPath=</varname>,
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see below). If the TTY is used for output only, the executed process will not become the controlling process of
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the terminal, and will not fail or wait for other processes to release the terminal.</para>
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<para><option>journal</option> connects standard output with
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the journal which is accessible via
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
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Note that everything that is written to syslog or kmsg (see
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below) is implicitly stored in the journal as well, the
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specific two options listed below are hence supersets of this
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one.</para>
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<para><option>journal</option> connects standard output with the journal which is accessible via
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>journalctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Note that
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everything that is written to syslog or kmsg (see below) is implicitly stored in the journal as well, the
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specific two options listed below are hence supersets of this one.</para>
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<para><option>syslog</option> connects standard output to the
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<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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system syslog service, in addition to the journal. Note that
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the journal daemon is usually configured to forward everything
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it receives to syslog anyway, in which case this option is no
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different from <option>journal</option>.</para>
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<para><option>syslog</option> connects standard output to the <citerefentry
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project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> system syslog
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service, in addition to the journal. Note that the journal daemon is usually configured to forward everything
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it receives to syslog anyway, in which case this option is no different from <option>journal</option>.</para>
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<para><option>kmsg</option> connects standard output with the
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kernel log buffer which is accessible via
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<para><option>kmsg</option> connects standard output with the kernel log buffer which is accessible via
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<citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>dmesg</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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in addition to the journal. The journal daemon might be
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configured to send all logs to kmsg anyway, in which case this
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option is no different from <option>journal</option>.</para>
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in addition to the journal. The journal daemon might be configured to send all logs to kmsg anyway, in which
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case this option is no different from <option>journal</option>.</para>
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<para><option>journal+console</option>,
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<option>syslog+console</option> and
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<option>kmsg+console</option> work in a similar way as the
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three options above but copy the output to the system console
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as well.</para>
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<para><option>journal+console</option>, <option>syslog+console</option> and <option>kmsg+console</option> work
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in a similar way as the three options above but copy the output to the system console as well.</para>
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<para><option>socket</option> connects standard output to a
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socket acquired via socket activation. The semantics are
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similar to the same option of
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<varname>StandardInput=</varname>.</para>
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<para>The <option>file:<replaceable>path</replaceable></option> option may be used to connect a specific file
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system object to standard output. The semantics are similar to the same option of
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<varname>StandardInputText=</varname>, see above. If standard input and output are directed to the same file
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path, it is opened only once, for reading as well as writing and duplicated. This is particular useful when the
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specified path refers to an <constant>AF_UNIX</constant> socket in the file system, as in that case only a
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single stream connection is created for both input and output.</para>
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<para>The <option>fd</option> option connects
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the output stream to a single file descriptor provided by a socket unit.
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A custom named file descriptor can be specified as part of this option,
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after a <literal>:</literal> (e.g. <literal>fd:<replaceable>foobar</replaceable></literal>).
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If no name is specified, <literal>stdout</literal> is assumed
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(i.e. <literal>fd</literal> is equivalent to <literal>fd:stdout</literal>).
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At least one socket unit defining such name must be explicitly provided via the
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<varname>Sockets=</varname> option, and file descriptor name may differ
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from the name of its containing socket unit.
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If multiple matches are found, the first one will be used.
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See <varname>FileDescriptorName=</varname> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
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for more details about named descriptors and ordering.</para>
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<para><option>socket</option> connects standard output to a socket acquired via socket activation. The
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semantics are similar to the same option of <varname>StandardInput=</varname>, see above.</para>
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<para>The <option>fd:<replaceable>name</replaceable></option> option connects standard output to a specific,
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named file descriptor provided by a socket unit. A name may be specified as part of this option, following a
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<literal>:</literal> character (e.g. <literal>fd:foobar</literal>). If no name is
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specified, the name <literal>stdout</literal> is implied (i.e. <literal>fd</literal> is equivalent to
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<literal>fd:stdout</literal>). At least one socket unit defining the specified name must be provided via the
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<varname>Sockets=</varname> option, and the file descriptor name may differ from the name of its containing socket
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unit. If multiple matches are found, the first one will be used. See <varname>FileDescriptorName=</varname>
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in <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more
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details about named descriptors and their ordering.</para>
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<para>If the standard output (or error output, see below) of a unit is connected to the journal, syslog or the
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kernel log buffer, the unit will implicitly gain a dependency of type <varname>After=</varname> on
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@ -630,32 +601,66 @@
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"hello" > /dev/stderr</command> for writing text to stderr will not work. To mitigate this use the construct
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<command>echo "hello" >&2</command> instead, which is mostly equivalent and avoids this pitfall.</para>
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<para>This setting defaults to the value set with
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<varname>DefaultStandardOutput=</varname> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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which defaults to <option>journal</option>. Note that setting
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this parameter might result in additional dependencies to be
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added to the unit (see above).</para>
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<para>This setting defaults to the value set with <varname>DefaultStandardOutput=</varname> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, which
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defaults to <option>journal</option>. Note that setting this parameter might result in additional dependencies
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to be added to the unit (see above).</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>StandardError=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Controls where file descriptor 2 (STDERR) of
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the executed processes is connected to. The available options
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are identical to those of <varname>StandardOutput=</varname>,
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with some exceptions: if set to <option>inherit</option> the
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file descriptor used for standard output is duplicated for
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standard error, while <option>fd</option> operates on the error
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stream and will look by default for a descriptor named
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<listitem><para>Controls where file descriptor 2 (STDERR) of the executed processes is connected to. The
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available options are identical to those of <varname>StandardOutput=</varname>, with some exceptions: if set to
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<option>inherit</option> the file descriptor used for standard output is duplicated for standard error, while
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<option>fd:<replaceable>name</replaceable></option> will use a default file descriptor name of
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<literal>stderr</literal>.</para>
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<para>This setting defaults to the value set with
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<varname>DefaultStandardError=</varname> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
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which defaults to <option>inherit</option>. Note that setting
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this parameter might result in additional dependencies to be
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added to the unit (see above).</para></listitem>
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<para>This setting defaults to the value set with <varname>DefaultStandardError=</varname> in
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-system.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, which
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defaults to <option>inherit</option>. Note that setting this parameter might result in additional dependencies
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to be added to the unit (see above).</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><varname>StandardInputText=</varname></term>
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<term><varname>StandardInputData=</varname></term>
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<listitem><para>Configures arbitrary textual or binary data to pass via file descriptor 0 (STDIN) to the
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executed processes. These settings have no effect unless <varname>StandardInput=</varname> is set to
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<option>data</option>. Use this option to embed process input data directly in the unit file.</para>
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<para><varname>StandardInputText=</varname> accepts arbitrary textual data. C-style escapes for special
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characters as well as the usual <literal>%</literal>-specifiers are resolved. Each time this setting is used
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the the specified text is appended to the per-unit data buffer, followed by a newline character (thus every use
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appends a new line to the end of the buffer). Note that leading and trailing whitespace of lines configured
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with this option is removed. If an empty line is specified the buffer is cleared (hence, in order to insert an
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empty line, add an additional <literal>\n</literal> to the end or beginning of a line).</para>
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<para><varname>StandardInputData=</varname> accepts arbitrary binary data, encoded in <ulink
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url="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2045#section-6.8">Base64</ulink>. No escape sequences or specifiers are
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resolved. Any whitespace in the encoded version is ignored during decoding.</para>
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<para>Note that <varname>StandardInputText=</varname> and <varname>StandardInputData=</varname> operate on the
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same data buffer, and may be mixed in order to configure both binary and textual data for the same input
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stream. The textual or binary data is joined strictly in the order the settings appear in the unit
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file. Assigning an empty string to either will reset the data buffer.</para>
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<para>Please keep in mind that in order to maintain readability long unit file settings may be split into
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multiple lines, by suffixing each line (except for the last) with a <literal>\</literal> character (see
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<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for
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details). This is particularly useful for large data configured with these two options. Example:</para>
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<programlisting>…
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StandardInput=data
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StandardInputData=SWNrIHNpdHplIGRhIHVuJyBlc3NlIEtsb3BzLAp1ZmYgZWVtYWwga2xvcHAncy4KSWNrIGtpZWtl \
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LCBzdGF1bmUsIHd1bmRyZSBtaXIsCnVmZiBlZW1hbCBqZWh0IHNlIHVmZiBkaWUgVMO8ci4KTmFu \
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dSwgZGVuayBpY2ssIGljayBkZW5rIG5hbnUhCkpldHogaXNzZSB1ZmYsIGVyc2NodCB3YXIgc2Ug \
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enUhCkljayBqZWhlIHJhdXMgdW5kIGJsaWNrZSDigJQKdW5kIHdlciBzdGVodCBkcmF1w59lbj8g \
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SWNrZSEK
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…
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</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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