sd-stub: Provide initrd with LINUX_EFI_INITRD_MEDIA_GUID

Register a LINUX_EFI_INITRD_MEDIA_GUID DevicePath with a LoadFile2Protocol interface and serve the initrd to a supported Linux kernel (Version 5.8+)
Leave the x86 code for older kernels in place until supported kernels become more mainstream

src/boot/efi/initrd.c

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
+
+#include <efi.h>
+#include <efilib.h>
+
+#include "initrd.h"
+#include "macro-fundamental.h"
+#include "missing_efi.h"
+
+/* extend LoadFileProtocol */
+struct initrd_loader {
+        EFI_LOAD_FILE_PROTOCOL load_file;
+        const VOID *address;
+        UINTN length;
+};
+
+/* static structure for LINUX_INITRD_MEDIA device path
+   see https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/v5.13/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/efi-stub-helper.c
+ */
+static const struct {
+        VENDOR_DEVICE_PATH vendor;
+        EFI_DEVICE_PATH end;
+} _packed_ efi_initrd_device_path = {
+        .vendor = {
+                .Header = {
+                        .Type = MEDIA_DEVICE_PATH,
+                        .SubType = MEDIA_VENDOR_DP,
+                        .Length = { sizeof(efi_initrd_device_path.vendor), 0 }
+                },
+                .Guid = LINUX_INITRD_MEDIA_GUID
+        },
+        .end = {
+                .Type = END_DEVICE_PATH_TYPE,
+                .SubType = END_ENTIRE_DEVICE_PATH_SUBTYPE,
+                .Length = { sizeof(efi_initrd_device_path.end), 0 }
+        }
+};
+
+EFIAPI EFI_STATUS initrd_load_file(
+                EFI_LOAD_FILE_PROTOCOL *this,
+                EFI_DEVICE_PATH *file_path,
+                BOOLEAN boot_policy,
+                UINTN *buffer_size,
+                VOID *buffer) {
+
+        struct initrd_loader *loader;
+
+        if (!this || !buffer_size || !file_path)
+                return EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+        if (boot_policy)
+                return EFI_UNSUPPORTED;
+
+        loader = (struct initrd_loader *) this;
+
+        if (loader->length == 0 || !loader->address)
+                return EFI_NOT_FOUND;
+
+        if (!buffer || *buffer_size < loader->length) {
+                *buffer_size = loader->length;
+                return EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+        }
+
+        CopyMem(buffer, loader->address, loader->length);
+        *buffer_size = loader->length;
+        return EFI_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+EFI_STATUS initrd_register(
+                const VOID *initrd_address,
+                UINTN initrd_length,
+                EFI_HANDLE *ret_initrd_handle) {
+
+        EFI_STATUS err;
+        EFI_DEVICE_PATH *dp = (EFI_DEVICE_PATH *) &efi_initrd_device_path;
+        EFI_HANDLE handle;
+        struct initrd_loader *loader;
+
+        assert(ret_initrd_handle);
+
+        if (!initrd_address || initrd_length == 0)
+                return EFI_SUCCESS;
+
+        /* check if a LINUX_INITRD_MEDIA_GUID DevicePath is already registed.
+           LocateDevicePath checks for the "closest DevicePath" and returns its handle,
+           where as InstallMultipleProtocolInterfaces only maches identical DevicePaths.
+         */
+        err = uefi_call_wrapper(BS->LocateDevicePath, 3, &EfiLoadFile2Protocol, &dp, &handle);
+        if (err != EFI_NOT_FOUND) /* InitrdMedia is already registered */
+                return EFI_ALREADY_STARTED;
+
+        loader = AllocatePool(sizeof(struct initrd_loader));
+        if (!loader)
+                return EFI_OUT_OF_RESOURCES;
+
+        *loader = (struct initrd_loader) {
+                .load_file.LoadFile = initrd_load_file,
+                .address = initrd_address,
+                .length = initrd_length
+        };
+
+        /* create a new handle and register the LoadFile2 protocol with the InitrdMediaPath on it */
+        err = uefi_call_wrapper(
+                        BS->InstallMultipleProtocolInterfaces, 8,
+                        ret_initrd_handle,
+                        &DevicePathProtocol, &efi_initrd_device_path,
+                        &EfiLoadFile2Protocol, loader,
+                        NULL);
+        if (EFI_ERROR(err))
+                FreePool(loader);
+
+        return err;
+}
+
+EFI_STATUS initrd_unregister(EFI_HANDLE initrd_handle) {
+        EFI_STATUS err;
+        struct initrd_loader *loader;
+
+        if (!initrd_handle)
+                return EFI_SUCCESS;
+
+        /* get the LoadFile2 protocol that we allocated earlier */
+        err = uefi_call_wrapper(
+                        BS->OpenProtocol, 6,
+                        initrd_handle, &EfiLoadFile2Protocol, (VOID **) &loader,
+                        NULL, NULL, EFI_OPEN_PROTOCOL_GET_PROTOCOL);
+        if (EFI_ERROR(err))
+                return err;
+
+        /* close the handle */
+        (void) uefi_call_wrapper(
+                        BS->CloseProtocol, 4,
+                        initrd_handle, &EfiLoadFile2Protocol, NULL, NULL);
+
+        /* uninstall all protocols thus destroying the handle */
+        err = uefi_call_wrapper(
+                        BS->UninstallMultipleProtocolInterfaces, 6,
+                        initrd_handle,
+                        &DevicePathProtocol, &efi_initrd_device_path,
+                        &EfiLoadFile2Protocol, loader,
+                        NULL);
+        if (EFI_ERROR(err))
+                return err;
+
+        initrd_handle = NULL;
+        FreePool(loader);
+        return EFI_SUCCESS;
+}

src/boot/efi/initrd.h

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
+#pragma once
+
+#include <efi.h>
+
+EFI_STATUS initrd_register(
+                const VOID *initrd_address,
+                UINTN initrd_length,
+                EFI_HANDLE *ret_initrd_handle);
+
+EFI_STATUS initrd_unregister(EFI_HANDLE initrd_handle);

src/boot/efi/linux.c

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <efilib.h>
 
 #include "linux.h"
+#include "initrd.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 #ifdef __i386__
@@ -28,21 +29,25 @@ static VOID linux_efi_handover(EFI_HANDLE image, struct boot_params *params) {
         handover(image, ST, params);
 }
 
-EFI_STATUS linux_exec(EFI_HANDLE image,
-                      CHAR8 *cmdline, UINTN cmdline_len,
-                      UINTN linux_addr,
-                      UINTN initrd_addr, UINTN initrd_size) {
+EFI_STATUS linux_exec(
+                EFI_HANDLE image,
+                const CHAR8 *cmdline, UINTN cmdline_len,
+                const VOID *linux_buffer,
+                const VOID *initrd_buffer, UINTN initrd_length) {
 
         const struct boot_params *image_params;
         struct boot_params *boot_params;
+        EFI_HANDLE initrd_handle = NULL;
         EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS addr;
         UINT8 setup_sectors;
         EFI_STATUS err;
 
         assert(image);
-        assert(cmdline);
+        assert(cmdline || cmdline_len == 0);
+        assert(linux_buffer);
+        assert(initrd_buffer || initrd_length == 0);
 
-        image_params = (const struct boot_params *) linux_addr;
+        image_params = (const struct boot_params *) linux_buffer;
 
         if (image_params->hdr.boot_flag != 0xAA55 ||
             image_params->hdr.header != SETUP_MAGIC ||
@@ -65,7 +70,7 @@ EFI_STATUS linux_exec(EFI_HANDLE image,
         boot_params->hdr = image_params->hdr;
         boot_params->hdr.type_of_loader = 0xff;
         setup_sectors = image_params->hdr.setup_sects > 0 ? image_params->hdr.setup_sects : 4;
-        boot_params->hdr.code32_start = (UINT32)linux_addr + (setup_sectors + 1) * 512;
+        boot_params->hdr.code32_start = (UINT32) POINTER_TO_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS(linux_buffer) + (setup_sectors + 1) * 512;
 
         if (cmdline) {
                 addr = 0xA0000;
@@ -84,9 +89,21 @@ EFI_STATUS linux_exec(EFI_HANDLE image,
                 boot_params->hdr.cmd_line_ptr = (UINT32) addr;
         }
 
-        boot_params->hdr.ramdisk_image = (UINT32) initrd_addr;
-        boot_params->hdr.ramdisk_size = (UINT32) initrd_size;
+        /* Providing the initrd via LINUX_INITRD_MEDIA_GUID is only supported by Linux 5.8+ (5.7+ on ARM64).
+           Until supported kernels become more established, we continue to set ramdisk in the handover struct.
+           This value is overridden by kernels that support LINUX_INITRD_MEDIA_GUID.
+           If you need to know which protocol was used by the kernel, pass "efi=debug" to the kernel,
+           this will print a line when InitrdMediaGuid was successfully used to load the initrd.
+         */
+        boot_params->hdr.ramdisk_image = (UINT32) POINTER_TO_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS(initrd_buffer);
+        boot_params->hdr.ramdisk_size = (UINT32) initrd_length;
 
+        /* register LINUX_INITRD_MEDIA_GUID */
+        err = initrd_register(initrd_buffer, initrd_length, &initrd_handle);
+        if (EFI_ERROR(err))
+                return err;
         linux_efi_handover(image, boot_params);
+        (void) initrd_unregister(initrd_handle);
+        initrd_handle = NULL;
         return EFI_LOAD_ERROR;
 }

src/boot/efi/linux.h

@@ -84,7 +84,8 @@ struct boot_params {
         UINT8  _pad9[276];
 } _packed_;
 
-EFI_STATUS linux_exec(EFI_HANDLE image,
-                      CHAR8 *cmdline, UINTN cmdline_size,
-                      UINTN linux_addr,
-                      UINTN initrd_addr, UINTN initrd_size);
+EFI_STATUS linux_exec(
+                EFI_HANDLE image,
+                const CHAR8 *cmdline, UINTN cmdline_len,
+                const VOID *linux_buffer,
+                const VOID *initrd_buffer, UINTN initrd_length);

src/boot/efi/meson.build

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ systemd_boot_sources = '''
 
 stub_sources = '''
         linux.c
+        initrd.c
         splash.c
         stub.c
         cpio.c

src/boot/efi/missing_efi.h

@@ -331,3 +331,12 @@ typedef struct tdEFI_TCG2_PROTOCOL {
 } EFI_TCG2;
 
 #endif
+
+#ifndef EFI_LOAD_FILE2_PROTOCOL_GUID
+#define EFI_LOAD_FILE2_PROTOCOL_GUID \
+        {0x4006c0c1, 0xfcb3, 0x403e, {0x99, 0x6d, 0x4a, 0x6c, 0x87, 0x24, 0xe0, 0x6d} }
+#define EfiLoadFile2Protocol ((EFI_GUID)EFI_LOAD_FILE2_PROTOCOL_GUID)
+#endif
+
+#define LINUX_INITRD_MEDIA_GUID \
+        {0x5568e427, 0x68fc, 0x4f3d, {0xac, 0x74, 0xca, 0x55, 0x52, 0x31, 0xcc, 0x68} }

src/boot/efi/stub.c

@@ -249,7 +249,9 @@ EFI_STATUS efi_main(EFI_HANDLE image, EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *sys_table) {
                 }
         }
 
-        err = linux_exec(image, cmdline, cmdline_len, linux_base, initrd_base, initrd_size);
+        err = linux_exec(image, cmdline, cmdline_len,
+                         PHYSICAL_ADDRESS_TO_POINTER(linux_base),
+                         PHYSICAL_ADDRESS_TO_POINTER(initrd_base), initrd_size);
         graphics_mode(FALSE);
         return log_error_status_stall(err, L"Execution of embedded linux image failed: %r", err);
 }