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NEWS: various fixes

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Lennart Poettering 2023-02-02 15:45:09 +01:00
parent b67ea78f23
commit 1ee3720e76
1 changed files with 170 additions and 155 deletions
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NEWS
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@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ systemd System and Service Manager
CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
Deprecations and incompatible changes
Deprecations and incompatible changes:
* systemctl will now warn when invoked without /proc mounted (e.g. when
invoked after chroot into an image without the API mount points like
/proc being set up.) Operation in such an environment is not fully
supported.
* systemctl will now warn when invoked without /proc/ mounted
(e.g. when invoked after chroot() into an directory tree without the
API mount points like /proc/ being set up.) Operation in such an
environment is not fully supported.
* The return value of 'systemctl is-active|is-enabled|is-failed' for
unknown units is changed: previously 1 or 3 were returned, but now 4
@ -16,14 +16,15 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
* 'udevadm hwdb' subcommand is deprecated and will emit a warning.
systemd-hwdb (added in 2014) should be used instead.
* 'bootctl --json' now outputs well-formed JSON, instead of a stream
* 'bootctl --json' now outputs a single JSON array, instead of a stream
of newline-separated JSON objects.
* Udev rules in 60-evdev.rules have been changed to load hwdb properties
for all modalias patterns. Previously only the first matching pattern
was used. This could change what properties are assigned if the user
has more and less specific patterns that could match the same device,
but it is expected that the change will have no effect for most users.
* Udev rules in 60-evdev.rules have been changed to load hwdb
properties for all modalias patterns. Previously only the first
matching pattern was used. This could change what properties are
assigned if the user has more and less specific patterns that could
match the same device, but it is expected that the change will have
no effect for most users.
* systemd-networkd-wait-online exits successfully when all interfaces
are ready or unmanaged. Previously, if neither '--any' nor
@ -34,99 +35,102 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
manager is also enabled and used.
* Some compatibility helpers were dropped: EmergencyAction= in the user
manager, measuring kernel command line into PCR 8 along with the
-Defi-tpm-pcr-compat compile-time option.
manager, as well as measuring kernel command line into PCR 8 in
systemd-stub, along with the -Defi-tpm-pcr-compat compile-time
option.
* The '-Dupdate-helper-user-timeout=' build-time option has been renamed
to '-Dupdate-helper-user-timeout-sec=', and now takes an integer as
parameter instead of a string.
* The '-Dupdate-helper-user-timeout=' build-time option has been
renamed to '-Dupdate-helper-user-timeout-sec=', and now takes an
integer as parameter instead of a string.
New components:
* A tool 'ukify' tool to build, measure, and sign Unified Kernel Images
(UKIs) has been added. This replaces functionality provided by
'dracut --uefi' and extends it with automatic calculation of offsets,
insertion of signed PCR policies generated by systemd-measure,
support for initrd concatenation, signing of the embedded Linux image
and the combined image with sbsign, and heuristics to autodetect the
kernel uname and verify the splash image.
'dracut --uefi' and extends it with automatic calculation of PE file
offsets, insertion of signed PCR policies generated by
systemd-measure, support for initrd concatenation, signing of the
embedded Linux image and the combined image with sbsign, and
heuristics to autodetect the kernel uname and verify the splash
image.
Changes in systemd and units:
* A new unit type Type=notify-reload is defined. When such a unit is
reloaded via a signal, the manager will wait until it receives a
"READY=1" notification from the unit. Otherwise, this type is the
same as Type=notify.
* A new service type Type=notify-reload is defined. When such a unit is
reloaded a signal (typically SIGHUP) is sent to the main service
process. The manager will then wait until it receives a "RELOADING=1"
followed by a "READY=1" notification from the unit as response (via
sd_notify()). Otherwise, this type is the same as Type=notify.
user@.service, systemd-networkd.service, systemd-udevd.service, and
systemd-logind have been updated to this type; their reloads are now
synchronous.
systemd-logind have been updated to this type.
* Initrd environments which are not on a temporary file system (for
example an overlayfs combination) are now supported. Systemd will only
skip removal of the files in the initrd if it doesn't detect a
temporary file system.
* Initrd environments which are not on a pure memory file system (e.g.
overlayfs combination as opposed to tmpfs) are now supported. With
this change, during the initrd → host transition ("switch root")
systemd will no longer erase all files of the initrd unless it's
backed by a memory file system such as tmpfs.
* New MemoryZSwapMax= option has been added to configure
memory.zswap.max cgroup properties (the maximum amount of zswap used).
* New per-unit MemoryZSwapMax= option has been added to configure
memory.zswap.max cgroup properties (the maximum amount of zswap
used).
* New LogFilterPatterns= option can be used to specify regexp
accept/deny patterns for log entries generated by the unit. Based on
the option value, the manager sets the
user.journald_log_filter_patterns extended attribute on the unit
cgroup. systemd-journald checks for this attribute when receiving
messages, and will filter messages by matching the MESSAGE= part.
* A new LogFilterPatterns= option has been added for units. It may be
used to specify accept/deny regular expressions for log messages
generated by the unit, that shall be enforced by systemd-journald.
Rejected messages are neither stored in the journal nor forwarded.
This option can be used to filter noisy or uninteresting messages
This option may be used to suppress noisy or uninteresting messages
from units.
* The manager has a new
org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager.GetUnitByPIDFD() method to query
process ownership via a PIDFD, which is more resilient against PID
recycling issues.
org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager.GetUnitByPIDFD() D-Bus method to
query process ownership via a PIDFD, which is more resilient against
PID recycling issues.
* Scope units now support OOMPolicy=. Login session scopes default to
OOMPolicy=continue, allowing login scopes to survive the OOM killer
terminating some processes in the scope.
* systemd-fstab-generator now supports x-systemd.makefs option for
/sysroot (in the initrd).
/sysroot/ (in the initrd).
* The maximum rate at which daemon reloads are executed can now be
limited with the new ReloadLimitIntervalSec=/ReloadLimitBurst=
options. (Or the equivalent on the kernel command line:
systemd.reload_limit_interval_sec=/systemd.reload_limit_burst=).
In addition, systemd now logs the originating unit and PID when
a reload request is received over D-Bus.
systemd.reload_limit_interval_sec=/systemd.reload_limit_burst=). In
addition, systemd now logs the originating unit and PID when a reload
request is received over D-Bus.
* When enabling a swap device, instead of failing, systemd will now
reinitialize the device when the page size of the swap space does not
match the page size of the running kernel.
* When enabling a swap device systemd will now reinitialize the device
when the page size of the swap space does not match the page size of
the running kernel.
* Systemd now executes generators in a mount namespace "sandbox" with
most of the file system read-only, but with write access to the
output directories, and with a temporary /tmp/ mount provided. This
provides a safeguard against programming errors in the generators,
but also fixes here-docs in shells, which previously didn't work in
early boot when /tmp/ wasn't available yet. (This feature has no
security implications, because the code is still privileged and can
trivially exit the sandbox.)
* systemd now executes generator programs in a mount namespace
"sandbox" with most of the file system read-only and write access
restricted to the output directories, and with a temporary /tmp/
mount provided. This provides a safeguard against programming errors
in the generators, but also fixes here-docs in shells, which
previously didn't work in early boot when /tmp/ wasn't available
yet. (This feature has no security implications, because the code is
still privileged and can trivially exit the sandbox.)
* The manager will load the vmm.notify_socket credential. If found,
it will send a "READY=1" notification on the specified socket after
boot is complete. This allows readiness notification to be sent
from a VM guest to the host over a VSOCK socket.
* The system manager manager will now parse a new "vmm.notify_socket"
system credential, which may be supplied to a VM via SMBIOS. If
found, it will send a "READY=1" notification on the specified socket
after boot is complete. This allows readiness notification to be sent
from a VM guest to the VM host over a VSOCK socket.
* The sample PAM configuration file for systemd-user@.service now
includes a call to pam_namespace. This puts children of user@.service
in the expected namespace. (Many distributions replace their file
with something custom, so this change has limited effect.)
* A new environment variable $SYSTEMD_DEFAULT_MOUNT_RATE_LIMIT_BURST can
can be used to override the mount units burst late limit for parsing
'/proc/self/mountinfo', which was introduced in v249. Defaults to 5.
* A new environment variable $SYSTEMD_DEFAULT_MOUNT_RATE_LIMIT_BURST
can can be used to override the mount units burst late limit for
parsing '/proc/self/mountinfo', which was introduced in
v249. Defaults to 5.
* Drop-ins for init.scope changing control cgroup resource limits are
* Drop-ins for init.scope changing control group resource limits are
now applied, while they were previously ignored.
* New build-time configuration options '-Ddefault-timeout-sec=' and
@ -144,7 +148,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
The "amba" bus path is now included in ID_NET_NAME_PATH, resulting in
a more informative path on some embedded systems.
* Block partitions will now also get symlinks in
* Partition block devices will now also get symlinks in
/dev/disk/by-diskseq/<seq>-part<n>, which may be used to reference
block device nodes via the kernel's "diskseq" value. Previously those
symlinks were only created for the main block device.
@ -162,16 +166,15 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
means the RNG gets seeded very early in boot before userspace has
started.
* systemd-boot will pass a random seed when secure boot is enabled if
it can additionally get a random seed from EFI itself, via EFI's RNG
protocol or a prior seed in LINUX_EFI_RANDOM_SEED_TABLE_GUID from a
preceding bootloader.
* systemd-boot will pass a disk-backed random seed – even when secure
boot is enabled – if it can additionally get a random seed from EFI
itself (via EFI's RNG protocol), or a prior seed in
LINUX_EFI_RANDOM_SEED_TABLE_GUID from a preceding bootloader.
* systemd-boot-system-token.service was renamed to
systemd-boot-random-seed.service and extended to always save the
random seed to ESP on every boot when a compatible boot loader is
used. This allows a refreshed random seed to be used in the boot
loader.
systemd-boot-random-seed.service and extended to always save a random
seed to ESP on every boot when a compatible boot loader is used. This
allows a refreshed random seed to be used in the boot loader.
* systemd-boot handles various seed inputs using a domain- and
field-separated hashing scheme.
@ -180,77 +183,85 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
token is now always required to be present for random seeds to be
used.
* systemd-boot now supports being loaded not from the ESP, for example
for direct kernel boot under QEMU or when embedded into the firmware.
* systemd-boot now supports being loaded from other locations than the
ESP, for example for direct kernel boot under QEMU or when embedded
into the firmware.
* systemd-boot now parses SMBIOS info to detect virtualization. This
information is used to skip some warnings which are not useful in a
VM and to conditionalize other aspects of behaviour.
* systemd-boot now parses SMBIOS information to detect
virtualization. This information is used to skip some warnings which
are not useful in a VM and to conditionalize other aspects of
behaviour.
* systemd-boot now supports a new 'if-safe' mode that will perform UEFI
Secure Boot automated certificate enrollment from the ESP only if it
is considered 'safe' to do so. At the moment 'safe' means running in a
virtual machine.
is considered 'safe' to do so. At the moment 'safe' means running in
a virtual machine.
* systemd-stub now processes random seeds in the same way as
systemd-boot, in case a unified kernel image is being used from a
different bootloader than systemd-boot.
systemd-boot already does, in case a unified kernel image is being
used from a different bootloader than systemd-boot, or without any
boot load at all.
* bootctl will now generate a system token on all EFI systems, even
virtualized ones, and is activated in the case that the system token
is missing from either sd-boot and sd-stub booted systems.
* bootctl now implements two new verbs: 'kernel-identify' prints the
type of a kernel image, and 'kernel-inspect' provides information
about the embedded command line and kernel version.
type of a kernel image file, and 'kernel-inspect' provides
information about the embedded command line and kernel version of
UKIs.
* bootctl now honours $KERNEL_INSTALL_CONF_ROOT with the same meaning
as for kernel-install.
Changes in kernel-install:
* A new "installation layout" can be configured as layout=uki. With this
setting, a Boot Loader Specification Type#1 entry will not be created.
Instead, a new kernel-install plugin 90-uki-copy.install will copy any
.efi files from the staging area into the boot partition. A plugin to
generate the UKI .efi file must be provided separately.
* A new "installation layout" can be configured as layout=uki. With
this setting, a Boot Loader Specification Type#1 entry will not be
created. Instead, a new kernel-install plugin 90-uki-copy.install
will copy any .efi files from the staging area into the boot
partition. A plugin to generate the UKI .efi file must be provided
separately.
Changes in systemctl:
* 'systemctl reboot' has dropped support for accepting a positional
argument as the argument to the reboot(2) syscall. Please use the
--reboot-argument option instead.
--reboot-argument= option instead.
* 'systemctl disable' will now warn when called on units without install
information. A new --no-warn option has been added that silences this
warning.
* 'systemctl disable' will now warn when called on units without
install information. A new --no-warn option has been added that
silences this warning.
* New option '--drop-in=' can be used to tell 'systemctl edit' the name
of the drop-in to edit. (Previously, 'override.conf' was always used.
of the drop-in to edit. (Previously, 'override.conf' was always
used.)
* 'systemctl list-dependencies' now respects --type= and --state=.
* 'systemctl kexec' now supports XEN.
* 'systemctl kexec' now supports XEN VMM environments.
Changes in systemd-networkd and related tools:
* The [DHCPv4] section in .network file gained new SocketPriority=
setting that assigns the Linux socket priority used by the DHCPv4
raw socket. Can be used in conjunction with the EgressQOSMaps=setting
in [VLAN] section of .netdev file to send the desired ethernet 802.1Q
frame priority for DHCPv4 initial packets. This cannot be achieved
with netfilter mangle tables because of the raw socket bypass.
setting that assigns the Linux socket priority used by the DHCPv4 raw
socket. This may be used in conjunction with the
EgressQOSMaps=setting in [VLAN] section of .netdev file to send the
desired ethernet 802.1Q frame priority for DHCPv4 initial
packets. This cannot be achieved with netfilter mangle tables because
of the raw socket bypass.
* The [DHCPv4] and [IPv6AcceptRA] sections in .network file gained new
QuickAck= boolean setting that enables the TCP quick ACK mode for the
routes configured by the acquired DHCPv4 lease or received router
* The [DHCPv4] and [IPv6AcceptRA] sections in .network file gained a
new QuickAck= boolean setting that enables the TCP quick ACK mode for
the routes configured by the acquired DHCPv4 lease or received router
advertisements (RAs).
* The RouteMetric= option (for DHCPv4, DHCPv6, and IPv6 advertised
routes) now accepts three values, for high, medium, and low preference
of the router (which can be set with the RouterPreference=) setting.
* systemd-networkd-wait-online now supports alternative interface names.
* systemd-networkd-wait-online now supports matching via alternative
interface names.
* The [DHCPv6] section in .network file gained new SendRelease=
setting which enables the DHCPv6 client to send release when
@ -265,18 +276,21 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
Changes in systemd-dissect:
* systemd-dissect gained a new option --list, to print the paths fo the
files and directories in the image.
* systemd-dissect gained a new option --list, to print the paths off
all files and directories in a DDI.
* systemd-dissect gained a new option --mtree, to generate output
compatible with BSD mtree(5).
* systemd-dissect gained a new option --mtree, to generate a file
manifest compatible with BSD mtree(5) of a DDI
* systemd-dissect gained a new option --with, to execute a command in
the image temporarily mounted.
* systemd-dissect gained a new option --with, to execute a command with
the specified DDI temporarily mounted and used as working
directory. This is for example useful to convert a DDI to "tar"
simply by running it within a "systemd-dissect --with" invocation.
* systemd-dissect gained a new option --discover, to search for
Discoverable Disk Images (DDIs) in well-known directories. This will
list machine, portable service and system extension disk images.
Discoverable Disk Images (DDIs) in well-known directories of the
system. This will list machine, portable service and system extension
disk images.
* systemd-dissect now understands 2nd stage initrd images stored as a
Discoverable Disk Image (DDI).
@ -292,13 +306,14 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
* systemd-repart also gained a --defer-partitions= option that is
similar to --exclude-partitions=, but the size of the partition is
taken into account without populating it.
still taken into account when sizing partitions, but without
populating it.
* systemd-repart gained a new --sector-size= option to specify what
sector size should be used when an image is created.
* systemd-repart now supports erofs (a read-only file system similar to
squashfs).
* systemd-repart now supports generating erofs file systems via
CopyFiles= (a read-only file system similar to squashfs).
* The Minimize= option was extended to accept "best" (which means the
most minimal image possible, but may require multiple attempts) and
@ -313,20 +328,22 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
about devices when sd-device is used, e.g. DEVNAME= and DRIVER=.
Details of what is logged and when are subject to change.
* The systemd-journald-audit.socket can now be normally disabled to stop
collection of audit messages. Please note that it is not enabled
statically anymore and must be handled by the preset/enablement logic
in package installation scripts.
* The systemd-journald-audit.socket can now be disabled via the usual
"systemctl disable" mechanism to stop collection of audit
messages. Please note that it is not enabled statically anymore and
must be handled by the preset/enablement logic in package
installation scripts.
* New options MaxUse=, KeepFree=, MaxFileSize=, and MaxFiles= can
be used to curtail disk use by systemd-journal-remote. This is
similar to the options supported by systemd-journald.
Changes in systemd-cryptenroll, systemd-cryptsetup, and related
components
components:
* systemd-cryptenroll now supports unlocking via FIDO2 tokens (option
--unlock-fido2-device=).
* When enrolling new keys systemd-cryptenroll now supports unlocking
via FIDO2 tokens (option --unlock-fido2-device=). Previously, a
password was strictly required to be specified.
* systemd-cryptsetup now supports pre-flight requests for FIDO2 tokens
(except for tokens with user verification, UV) to identify tokens
@ -334,24 +351,18 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
the same time, and systemd-cryptsetup will automatically select one
that corresponds to one of the available LUKS key slots.
* systemd-cryptsetup now supports new options tpm2-measure-pcr= and
tpm2-measure-bank= in crypttab(5). These allow specifying the
PCR bank and number into which the volume key should be measured.
* When measuring data into a PCR, an authenticated hash (HMAC) is used
on the CPU, to further protect the data before it leaves the CPU.
* systemd-cryptsetup now supports new options tpm2-measure-bank= and
tpm2-measure-pcr= in crypttab(5). These allow specifying the TPM2 PCR
bank and number into which the volume key should be measured.
* systemd-gpt-auto-generator mounts the ESP and XBOOTLDR partitions with
"noexec,nosuid,nodev".
* systemd-pcrphase gained new options --machine-id and --file-system=
to measure the machine-id and mount point information into a PCR.
* The machine-id is measured into PCR 15 during early boot.
* For the root and /var/ volumes, the mount point information and
options, and volume encryption keys in case encryption is used, will
be measured into PCR 15.
to measure the machine-id and mount point information into PCR 15. New
service unit files systemd-pcrmachine.service and
systemd-pcrfs@.service have been added that invoke the tool with
these switches during early boot.
* systemd-cryptenroll now stores the user-supplied PIN with a salt,
making it harder to brute-force.
@ -363,7 +374,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
* Environment variables $SYSTEMD_HOME_MKFS_OPTIONS_BTRFS,
$SYSTEMD_HOME_MKFS_OPTIONS_EXT4, and $SYSTEMD_HOME_MKFS_OPTIONS_XFS
can be used to specify additional arguments for mkfs when
may now be used to specify additional arguments for mkfs when
systemd-homed formats a file system.
* systemd-hostnamed now exports the contents of
@ -372,7 +383,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
unprivileged code to access those values.
systemd-hostnamed also exports the SUPPORT_END= field from
os-release(5) as OperatingSystemSupportEnd. timedatectl make uses of
os-release(5) as OperatingSystemSupportEnd. hostnamectl make uses of
this to show the status of the installed system.
* systemd-measure gained an --append= option to sign multiple phase
@ -382,14 +393,14 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
* systemd-timesyncd will now write a structured log message with
MESSAGE_ID set to SD_MESSAGE_TIME_BUMP when it bumps the clock based
on a disk timestamp, similarly to what it did when reaching
on a on-disk timestamp, similarly to what it did when reaching
synchronization via NTP.
systemd-timesyncd will now also update the timestamp file on each
boot, making it more likely that the system time increases in
subsequent boots.
* systemd-timesyncd will now update the on-disk timestamp file on each
boot at least once, making it more likely that the system time
increases in subsequent boots.
* systemd-vconsole-setup gained support for credentials:
* systemd-vconsole-setup gained support for system/service credentials:
vconsole.keymap/vconsole.keymap_toggle and
vconsole.font/vconsole.font_map/vconsole.font_unimap are analogous
the similarly-named options in vconsole.conf.
@ -420,7 +431,7 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
Similarly, 'machinectl start|stop' gained a --now option to enable or
disable the machine unit when starting or stopping it.
* systemd-sysusers will now create /etc if it is missing.
* systemd-sysusers will now create /etc/ if it is missing.
* systemd-sleep 'HibernateDelaySec=' setting is changed back to
pre-v252's behaviour, and a new 'SuspendEstimationSec=' setting is
@ -440,9 +451,10 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
sd_bus_emit_signal_tov(), and sd_bus_message_new_signal_to().
* sd-id128 functions now return -EUCLEAN (instead of -EIO) when the
id128_t parameter has an invalid format. They also accept NULL as
output parameter in more places, which is useful when the caller only
wants to check the inputs and does not need the output value.
128bit ID in files such as /etc/machine-id has an invalid
format. They also accept NULL as output parameter in more places,
which is useful when the caller only wants to validate the inputs and
does not need the output value.
* sd-login gained new functions sd_pidfd_get_session(),
sd_pidfd_get_owner_uid(), sd_pidfd_get_unit(),
@ -458,21 +470,24 @@ CHANGES WITH 253 in spe:
SD_PATH_SYSTEMD_SEARCH_USER_ENVIRONMENT_GENERATOR,
* sd-notify now supports AF_VSOCK, in the "vsock:CID:port" format, for
the notify_socket parameter/environment variable/credential.
the $NOTIFY_SOCKET parameter/environment variable/credential.
* Detection of chroot environments now works if /proc/ is not mounted.
This affects systemd-detect-virt --chroot, but also means that systemd
tools will silently skip various operations in such an environment.
* Detection of chroot() environments now works if /proc/ is not
mounted. This affects systemd-detect-virt --chroot, but also means
that systemd tools will silently skip various operations in such an
environment.
* "Lockheed Matrin Hardened Security for Intel Processors" (HS SRE)
virtualization is now detected.
Changes in the build system:
* Standalone variant of systemd-repart is built (if -Dstandalone=true).
* A standalone variant of systemd-repart may now be built (if
-Dstandalone=true).
* systemd-ac-power has been moved to /usr/bin/, to, for example, allow
scripts to conditionalize execution on AC power supply.
* systemd-ac-power has been moved from /usr/lib/ to /usr/bin/, to, for
example, allow scripts to conditionalize execution on AC power
supply.
* The libp11kit library is now loaded through dlopen(3).