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2046 lines
85 KiB
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2046 lines
85 KiB
Plaintext
Installing PHP
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__________________________________________________________________
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Table of Contents
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Preface
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1. General Installation Considerations
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2. Installation on Unix systems
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Apache 1.3.x on Unix systems
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Apache 2.0 on Unix systems
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Caudium
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fhttpd related notes
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Sun, iPlanet and Netscape servers on Sun Solaris
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CGI and command line setups
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HP-UX specific installation notes
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OpenBSD installation notes
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Solaris specific installation tips
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Debian GNU/Linux installation notes
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3. Installation on Mac OS X
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Using Packages
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Using the bundled PHP
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Compiling for OS X Server
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Compiling for MacOS X Client
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4. Installation of PECL extensions
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Introduction to PECL Installations
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Downloading PECL extensions
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PECL for Windows users
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Compiling shared PECL extensions with the pecl command
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Compiling shared PECL extensions with phpize
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Compiling PECL extensions statically into PHP
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5. Problems?
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Read the FAQ
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Other problems
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Bug reports
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6. Runtime Configuration
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The configuration file
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How to change configuration settings
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7. Installation FAQ
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__________________________________________________________________
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Preface
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These installation instructions were generated from the HTML version of
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the PHP Manual so formatting and linking have been altered. See the
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online and updated version at: http://php.net/install.unix
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__________________________________________________________________
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Chapter 1. General Installation Considerations
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Before starting the installation, first you need to know what do you
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want to use PHP for. There are three main fields you can use PHP, as
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described in the What can PHP do? section:
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* Websites and web applications (server-side scripting)
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* Command line scripting
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* Desktop (GUI) applications
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For the first and most common form, you need three things: PHP itself,
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a web server and a web browser. You probably already have a web
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browser, and depending on your operating system setup, you may also
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have a web server (e.g. Apache on Linux and MacOS X; IIS on Windows).
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You may also rent webspace at a company. This way, you don't need to
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set up anything on your own, only write your PHP scripts, upload it to
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the server you rent, and see the results in your browser.
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In case of setting up the server and PHP on your own, you have two
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choices for the method of connecting PHP to the server. For many
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servers PHP has a direct module interface (also called SAPI). These
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servers include Apache, Microsoft Internet Information Server, Netscape
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and iPlanet servers. Many other servers have support for ISAPI, the
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Microsoft module interface (OmniHTTPd for example). If PHP has no
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module support for your web server, you can always use it as a CGI or
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FastCGI processor. This means you set up your server to use the CGI
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executable of PHP to process all PHP file requests on the server.
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If you are also interested to use PHP for command line scripting (e.g.
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write scripts autogenerating some images for you offline, or processing
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text files depending on some arguments you pass to them), you always
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need the command line executable. For more information, read the
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section about writing command line PHP applications. In this case, you
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need no server and no browser.
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With PHP you can also write desktop GUI applications using the PHP-GTK
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extension. This is a completely different approach than writing web
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pages, as you do not output any HTML, but manage Windows and objects
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within them. For more information about PHP-GTK, please visit the site
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dedicated to this extension. PHP-GTK is not included in the official
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PHP distribution.
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From now on, this section deals with setting up PHP for web servers on
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Unix and Windows with server module interfaces and CGI executables. You
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will also find information on the command line executable in the
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following sections.
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PHP source code and binary distributions for Windows can be found at
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http://www.php.net/downloads.php. We recommend you to choose a mirror
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nearest to you for downloading the distributions.
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__________________________________________________________________
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Chapter 2. Installation on Unix systems
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This section will guide you through the general configuration and
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installation of PHP on Unix systems. Be sure to investigate any
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sections specific to your platform or web server before you begin the
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process.
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As our manual outlines in the General Installation Considerations
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section, we are mainly dealing with web centric setups of PHP in this
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section, although we will cover setting up PHP for command line usage
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as well.
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There are several ways to install PHP for the Unix platform, either
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with a compile and configure process, or through various pre-packaged
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methods. This documentation is mainly focused around the process of
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compiling and configuring PHP. Many Unix like systems have some sort of
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package installation system. This can assist in setting up a standard
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configuration, but if you need to have a different set of features
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(such as a secure server, or a different database driver), you may need
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to build PHP and/or your web server. If you are unfamiliar with
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building and compiling your own software, it is worth checking to see
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whether somebody has already built a packaged version of PHP with the
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features you need.
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Prerequisite knowledge and software for compiling:
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* Basic Unix skills (being able to operate "make" and a C compiler)
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* An ANSI C compiler
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* flex: Version 2.5.4
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* bison: Version 1.28 (preferred), 1.35, or 1.75
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* A web server
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* Any module specific components (such as gd, pdf libs, etc.)
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The initial PHP setup and configuration process is controlled by the
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use of the command line options of the configure script. You could get
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a list of all available options along with short explanations running
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./configure --help. Our manual documents the different options
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separately. You will find the core options in the appendix, while the
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different extension specific options are descibed on the reference
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pages.
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When PHP is configured, you are ready to build the module and/or
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executables. The command make should take care of this. If it fails and
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you can't figure out why, see the Problems section.
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__________________________________________________________________
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Apache 1.3.x on Unix systems
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This section contains notes and hints specific to Apache installs of
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PHP on Unix platforms. We also have instructions and notes for Apache 2
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on a separate page.
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You can select arguments to add to the configure on line 10 below from
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the list of core configure options and from extension specific options
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described at the respective places in the manual. The version numbers
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have been omitted here, to ensure the instructions are not incorrect.
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You will need to replace the 'xxx' here with the correct values from
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your files.
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Example 2-1. Installation Instructions (Apache Shared Module Version)
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for PHP
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1. gunzip apache_xxx.tar.gz
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2. tar -xvf apache_xxx.tar
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3. gunzip php-xxx.tar.gz
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4. tar -xvf php-xxx.tar
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5. cd apache_xxx
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6. ./configure --prefix=/www --enable-module=so
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7. make
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8. make install
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9. cd ../php-xxx
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10. Now, configure your PHP. This is where you customize your PHP
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with various options, like which extensions will be enabled. Do a
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./configure --help for a list of available options. In our example
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we'll do a simple configure with Apache 1 and MySQL support. Your
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path to apxs may differ from our example.
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./configure --with-mysql --with-apxs=/www/bin/apxs
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11. make
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12. make install
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If you decide to change your configure options after installation,
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you only need to repeat the last three steps. You only need to
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restart apache for the new module to take effect. A recompile of
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Apache is not needed.
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Note that unless told otherwise, 'make install' will also install PEAR,
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various PHP tools such as phpize, install the PHP CLI, and more.
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13. Setup your php.ini file:
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PHP will use the built-in default values if no php.ini file was
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placed in the configuration directory. The default location is
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/usr/local/lib, if you prefer your php.ini in another location, use
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--with-config-file-path=/some/path in step 10.
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The PHP distribution provides two sample php.ini files, you can use them
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by
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cp php.ini-development /usr/local/lib/php.ini
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or
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cp php.ini-production /usr/local/lib/php.ini
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If you choose one of these php.ini files be certain to read the list
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of changes within, as they affect how PHP behaves.
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14. Edit your httpd.conf to load the PHP module. The path on the right hand
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side of the LoadModule statement must point to the path of the PHP
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module on your system. The make install from above may have already
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added this for you, but be sure to check.
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For PHP 4:
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LoadModule php4_module libexec/libphp4.so
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For PHP 5:
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LoadModule php5_module libexec/libphp5.so
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15. And in the AddModule section of httpd.conf, somewhere under the
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ClearModuleList, add this:
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For PHP 4:
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AddModule mod_php4.c
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For PHP 5:
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AddModule mod_php5.c
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16. Tell Apache to parse certain extensions as PHP. For example,
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let's have Apache parse the .php extension as PHP. You could
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have any extension(s) parse as PHP by simply adding more, with
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each separated by a space. We'll add .phtml to demonstrate.
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AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml
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It's also common to setup the .phps extension to show highlighted PHP
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source, this can be done with:
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AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
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17. Use your normal procedure for starting the Apache server. (You must
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stop and restart the server, not just cause the server to reload by
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using a HUP or USR1 signal.)
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Alternatively, to install PHP as a static object:
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Example 2-2. Installation Instructions (Static Module Installation for
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Apache) for PHP
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1. gunzip -c apache_1.3.x.tar.gz | tar xf -
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2. cd apache_1.3.x
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3. ./configure
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4. cd ..
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5. gunzip -c php-5.x.y.tar.gz | tar xf -
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6. cd php-5.x.y
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7. ./configure --with-mysql --with-apache=../apache_1.3.x
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8. make
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9. make install
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10. cd ../apache_1.3.x
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11. ./configure --prefix=/www --activate-module=src/modules/php5/libphp5.a
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(The above line is correct! Yes, we know libphp5.a does not exist at this
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stage. It isn't supposed to. It will be created.)
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12. make
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(you should now have an httpd binary which you can copy to your Apache bin d
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ir if
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it is your first install then you need to "make install" as well)
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13. cd ../php-5.x.y
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14. cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/lib/php.ini
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15. You can edit /usr/local/lib/php.ini file to set PHP options.
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Edit your httpd.conf or srm.conf file and add:
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AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
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Note: Replace php-5 by php-4 and php5 by php4 in PHP 4.
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Depending on your Apache install and Unix variant, there are many
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possible ways to stop and restart the server. Below are some typical
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lines used in restarting the server, for different apache/unix
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installations. You should replace /path/to/ with the path to these
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applications on your systems.
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Example 2-3. Example commands for restarting Apache
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1. Several Linux and SysV variants:
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/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restart
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2. Using apachectl scripts:
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/path/to/apachectl stop
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/path/to/apachectl start
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3. httpdctl and httpsdctl (Using OpenSSL), similar to apachectl:
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/path/to/httpsdctl stop
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/path/to/httpsdctl start
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4. Using mod_ssl, or another SSL server, you may want to manually
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stop and start:
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/path/to/apachectl stop
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/path/to/apachectl startssl
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The locations of the apachectl and http(s)dctl binaries often vary. If
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your system has locate or whereis or which commands, these can assist
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you in finding your server control programs.
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Different examples of compiling PHP for apache are as follows:
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./configure --with-apxs --with-pgsql
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This will create a libphp5.so (or libphp4.so in PHP 4) shared library
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that is loaded into Apache using a LoadModule line in Apache's
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httpd.conf file. The PostgreSQL support is embedded into this library.
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./configure --with-apxs --with-pgsql=shared
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This will create a libphp4.so shared library for Apache, but it will
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also create a pgsql.so shared library that is loaded into PHP either by
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using the extension directive in php.ini file or by loading it
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explicitly in a script using the dl() function.
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./configure --with-apache=/path/to/apache_source --with-pgsql
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This will create a libmodphp5.a library, a mod_php5.c and some
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accompanying files and copy this into the src/modules/php5 directory in
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the Apache source tree. Then you compile Apache using
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--activate-module=src/modules/php5/libphp5.a and the Apache build
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system will create libphp5.a and link it statically into the httpd
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binary (replace php5 by php4 in PHP 4). The PostgreSQL support is
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included directly into this httpd binary, so the final result here is a
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single httpd binary that includes all of Apache and all of PHP.
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./configure --with-apache=/path/to/apache_source --with-pgsql=shared
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Same as before, except instead of including PostgreSQL support directly
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into the final httpd you will get a pgsql.so shared library that you
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can load into PHP from either the php.ini file or directly using dl().
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When choosing to build PHP in different ways, you should consider the
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advantages and drawbacks of each method. Building as a shared object
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will mean that you can compile apache separately, and don't have to
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recompile everything as you add to, or change, PHP. Building PHP into
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apache (static method) means that PHP will load and run faster. For
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more information, see the Apache web page on DSO support.
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Note: Apache's default httpd.conf currently ships with a section
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that looks like this:
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User nobody
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Group "#-1"
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Unless you change that to "Group nogroup" or something like that
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("Group daemon" is also very common) PHP will not be able to open
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files.
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Note: Make sure you specify the installed version of apxs when using
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--with-apxs=/path/to/apxs. You must NOT use the apxs version that is
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in the apache sources but the one that is actually installed on your
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system.
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__________________________________________________________________
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Apache 2.0 on Unix systems
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This section contains notes and hints specific to Apache 2.0 installs
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of PHP on Unix systems.
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Warning
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We do not recommend using a threaded MPM in production with Apache2.
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Use the prefork MPM instead, or use Apache1. For information on why,
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read the related FAQ entry on using Apache2 with a threaded MPM
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You are highly encouraged to take a look at the Apache Documentation to
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get a basic understanding of the Apache 2.0 Server.
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PHP and Apache 2.0.x compatibility notes: The following versions of
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PHP are known to work with the most recent version of Apache 2.0.x:
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* PHP 4.3.0 or later available at http://www.php.net/downloads.php.
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* the latest stable development version. Get the source code
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http://snaps.php.net/php5-latest.tar.gz or download binaries for
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Windows http://snaps.php.net/win32/php5-win32-latest.zip.
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* a prerelease version downloadable from http://qa.php.net/.
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* you have always the option to obtain PHP through SVN.
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These versions of PHP are compatible to Apache 2.0.40 and later.
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Apache 2.0 SAPI-support started with PHP 4.2.0. PHP 4.2.3 works with
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Apache 2.0.39, don't use any other version of Apache with PHP 4.2.3.
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However, the recommended setup is to use PHP 4.3.0 or later with the
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most recent version of Apache2.
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All mentioned versions of PHP will work still with Apache 1.3.x.
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Download the most recent version of Apache 2.0 and a fitting PHP
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version from the above mentioned places. This quick guide covers only
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the basics to get started with Apache 2.0 and PHP. For more information
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read the Apache Documentation. The version numbers have been omitted
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here, to ensure the instructions are not incorrect. You will need to
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replace the 'NN' here with the correct values from your files.
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Example 2-4. Installation Instructions (Apache 2 Shared Module Version)
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1. gzip -d httpd-2_0_NN.tar.gz
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2. tar xvf httpd-2_0_NN.tar
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3. gunzip php-NN.tar.gz
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4. tar -xvf php-NN.tar
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5. cd httpd-2_0_NN
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6. ./configure --enable-so
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7. make
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8. make install
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Now you have Apache 2.0.NN available under /usr/local/apache2,
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configured with loadable module support and the standard MPM prefork.
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To test the installation use your normal procedure for starting
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the Apache server, e.g.:
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/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
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and stop the server to go on with the configuration for PHP:
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/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop.
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9. cd ../php-NN
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10. Now, configure your PHP. This is where you customize your PHP
|
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with various options, like which extensions will be enabled. Do a
|
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./configure --help for a list of available options. In our example
|
|
we'll do a simple configure with Apache 2 and MySQL support. Your
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path to apxs may differ, in fact, the binary may even be named apxs2 on
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your system.
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./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql
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11. make
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12. make install
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If you decide to change your configure options after installation,
|
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you only need to repeat the last three steps. You only need to
|
|
restart apache for the new module to take effect. A recompile of
|
|
Apache is not needed.
|
|
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|
Note that unless told otherwise, 'make install' will also install PEAR,
|
|
various PHP tools such as phpize, install the PHP CLI, and more.
|
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13. Setup your php.ini
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cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/lib/php.ini
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You may edit your .ini file to set PHP options. If you prefer having
|
|
php.ini in another location, use --with-config-file-path=/some/path in
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|
step 10.
|
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If you instead choose php.ini-recommended, be certain to read the list
|
|
of changes within, as they affect how PHP behaves.
|
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14. Edit your httpd.conf to load the PHP module. The path on the right hand
|
|
side of the LoadModule statement must point to the path of the PHP
|
|
module on your system. The make install from above may have already
|
|
added this for you, but be sure to check.
|
|
|
|
For PHP 4:
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LoadModule php4_module modules/libphp4.so
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For PHP 5:
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LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so
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15. Tell Apache to parse certain extensions as PHP. For example,
|
|
let's have Apache parse the .php extension as PHP. You could
|
|
have any extension(s) parse as PHP by simply adding more, with
|
|
each separated by a space. We'll add .phtml to demonstrate.
|
|
|
|
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml
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|
|
|
It's also common to setup the .phps extension to show highlighted PHP
|
|
source, this can be done with:
|
|
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AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
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16. Use your normal procedure for starting the Apache server, e.g.:
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/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
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Following the steps above you will have a running Apache 2.0 with
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support for PHP as SAPI module. Of course there are many more
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configuration options available for both, Apache and PHP. For more
|
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information use ./configure --help in the corresponding source tree. In
|
|
case you wish to build a multithreaded version of Apache 2.0 you must
|
|
overwrite the standard MPM-Module prefork either with worker or
|
|
perchild. To do so append to your configure line in step 6 above either
|
|
the option --with-mpm=worker or --with-mpm=perchild. Take care about
|
|
the consequences and understand what you are doing. For more
|
|
information read the Apache documentation about the MPM-Modules.
|
|
|
|
Note: If you want to use content negotiation, read the Apache
|
|
MultiViews FAQ.
|
|
|
|
Note: To build a multithreaded version of Apache your system must
|
|
support threads. This also implies to build PHP with experimental
|
|
Zend Thread Safety (ZTS). Therefore not all extensions might be
|
|
available. The recommended setup is to build Apache with the
|
|
standard prefork MPM-Module.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Caudium
|
|
|
|
PHP 4 can be built as a Pike module for the Caudium webserver. Note
|
|
that this is not supported with PHP 3. Follow the simple instructions
|
|
below to install PHP 4 for Caudium.
|
|
|
|
Example 2-5. Caudium Installation Instructions
|
|
1. Make sure you have Caudium installed prior to attempting to
|
|
install PHP 4. For PHP 4 to work correctly, you will need Pike
|
|
7.0.268 or newer. For the sake of this example we assume that
|
|
Caudium is installed in /opt/caudium/server/.
|
|
2. Change directory to php-x.y.z (where x.y.z is the version number).
|
|
3. ./configure --with-caudium=/opt/caudium/server
|
|
4. make
|
|
5. make install
|
|
6. Restart Caudium if it's currently running.
|
|
7. Log into the graphical configuration interface and go to the
|
|
virtual server where you want to add PHP 4 support.
|
|
8. Click Add Module and locate and then add the PHP 4 Script Support module.
|
|
9. If the documentation says that the 'PHP 4 interpreter isn't
|
|
available', make sure that you restarted the server. If you did
|
|
check /opt/caudium/logs/debug/default.1 for any errors related to
|
|
<filename>PHP4.so</filename>. Also make sure that
|
|
<filename>caudium/server/lib/[pike-version]/PHP4.so</filename>
|
|
is present.
|
|
10. Configure the PHP Script Support module if needed.
|
|
|
|
You can of course compile your Caudium module with support for the
|
|
various extensions available in PHP 4. See the reference pages for
|
|
extension specific configure options.
|
|
|
|
Note: When compiling PHP 4 with MySQL support you must make sure
|
|
that the normal MySQL client code is used. Otherwise there might be
|
|
conflicts if your Pike already has MySQL support. You do this by
|
|
specifying a MySQL install directory the --with-mysql option.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
fhttpd related notes
|
|
|
|
To build PHP as an fhttpd module, answer "yes" to "Build as an fhttpd
|
|
module?" (the --with-fhttpd=DIR option to configure) and specify the
|
|
fhttpd source base directory. The default directory is
|
|
/usr/local/src/fhttpd. If you are running fhttpd, building PHP as a
|
|
module will give better performance, more control and remote execution
|
|
capability.
|
|
|
|
Note: Support for fhttpd is no longer available as of PHP 4.3.0.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Sun, iPlanet and Netscape servers on Sun Solaris
|
|
|
|
This section contains notes and hints specific to Sun Java System Web
|
|
Server, Sun ONE Web Server, iPlanet and Netscape server installs of PHP
|
|
on Sun Solaris.
|
|
|
|
From PHP 4.3.3 on you can use PHP scripts with the NSAPI module to
|
|
generate custom directory listings and error pages. Additional
|
|
functions for Apache compatibility are also available. For support in
|
|
current web servers read the note about subrequests.
|
|
|
|
You can find more information about setting up PHP for the Netscape
|
|
Enterprise Server (NES) here:
|
|
http://benoit.noss.free.fr/php/install-php4.html
|
|
|
|
To build PHP with Sun JSWS/Sun ONE WS/iPlanet/Netscape web servers,
|
|
enter the proper install directory for the --with-nsapi=[DIR] option.
|
|
The default directory is usually /opt/netscape/suitespot/. Please also
|
|
read /php-xxx-version/sapi/nsapi/nsapi-readme.txt.
|
|
|
|
1. Install the following packages from http://www.sunfreeware.com/ or
|
|
another download site:
|
|
|
|
autoconf-2.13
|
|
automake-1.4
|
|
bison-1_25-sol26-sparc-local
|
|
flex-2_5_4a-sol26-sparc-local
|
|
gcc-2_95_2-sol26-sparc-local
|
|
gzip-1.2.4-sol26-sparc-local
|
|
m4-1_4-sol26-sparc-local
|
|
make-3_76_1-sol26-sparc-local
|
|
mysql-3.23.24-beta (if you want mysql support)
|
|
perl-5_005_03-sol26-sparc-local
|
|
tar-1.13 (GNU tar)
|
|
2. Make sure your path includes the proper directories
|
|
PATH=.:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/ccs/bin and make it
|
|
available to your system export PATH.
|
|
3. gunzip php-x.x.x.tar.gz (if you have a .gz dist, otherwise go to
|
|
4).
|
|
4. tar xvf php-x.x.x.tar
|
|
5. Change to your extracted PHP directory: cd ../php-x.x.x
|
|
6. For the following step, make sure /opt/netscape/suitespot/ is where
|
|
your netscape server is installed. Otherwise, change to the correct
|
|
path and run:
|
|
|
|
./configure --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
|
|
--with-nsapi=/opt/netscape/suitespot/ \
|
|
--enable-libgcc
|
|
|
|
7. Run make followed by make install.
|
|
|
|
After performing the base install and reading the appropriate readme
|
|
file, you may need to perform some additional configuration steps.
|
|
|
|
Configuration Instructions for Sun/iPlanet/Netscape. Firstly you may
|
|
need to add some paths to the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment for the
|
|
server to find all the shared libs. This can best done in the start
|
|
script for your web server. The start script is often located in:
|
|
/path/to/server/https-servername/start. You may also need to edit the
|
|
configuration files that are located in:
|
|
/path/to/server/https-servername/config/.
|
|
|
|
1. Add the following line to mime.types (you can do that by the
|
|
administration server):
|
|
|
|
type=magnus-internal/x-httpd-php exts=php
|
|
|
|
2. Edit magnus.conf (for servers >= 6) or obj.conf (for servers < 6)
|
|
and add the following, shlib will vary depending on your system, it
|
|
will be something like /opt/netscape/suitespot/bin/libphp4.so. You
|
|
should place the following lines after mime types init.
|
|
|
|
Init fn="load-modules" funcs="php4_init,php4_execute,php4_auth_trans" shlib="/op
|
|
t/netscape/suitespot/bin/libphp4.so"
|
|
Init fn="php4_init" LateInit="yes" errorString="Failed to initialize PHP!" [php_
|
|
ini="/path/to/php.ini"]
|
|
|
|
(PHP >= 4.3.3) The php_ini parameter is optional but with it you
|
|
can place your php.ini in your web server config directory.
|
|
3. Configure the default object in obj.conf (for virtual server
|
|
classes [version 6.0+] in their vserver.obj.conf):
|
|
|
|
<Object name="default">
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
.#NOTE this next line should happen after all 'ObjectType' and before all 'AddLo
|
|
g' lines
|
|
Service fn="php4_execute" type="magnus-internal/x-httpd-php" [inikey=value inike
|
|
y=value ...]
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
</Object>
|
|
|
|
(PHP >= 4.3.3) As additional parameters you can add some special
|
|
php.ini-values, for example you can set a
|
|
docroot="/path/to/docroot" specific to the context php4_execute is
|
|
called. For boolean ini-keys please use 0/1 as value, not
|
|
"On","Off",... (this will not work correctly), e.g.
|
|
zlib.output_compression=1 instead of zlib.output_compression="On"
|
|
4. This is only needed if you want to configure a directory that only
|
|
consists of PHP scripts (same like a cgi-bin directory):
|
|
|
|
<Object name="x-httpd-php">
|
|
ObjectType fn="force-type" type="magnus-internal/x-httpd-php"
|
|
Service fn=php4_execute [inikey=value inikey=value ...]
|
|
</Object>
|
|
|
|
After that you can configure a directory in the Administration
|
|
server and assign it the style x-httpd-php. All files in it will
|
|
get executed as PHP. This is nice to hide PHP usage by renaming
|
|
files to .html.
|
|
5. Setup of authentication: PHP authentication cannot be used with any
|
|
other authentication. ALL AUTHENTICATION IS PASSED TO YOUR PHP
|
|
SCRIPT. To configure PHP Authentication for the entire server, add
|
|
the following line to your default object:
|
|
|
|
<Object name="default">
|
|
AuthTrans fn=php4_auth_trans
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
.
|
|
</Object>
|
|
|
|
6. To use PHP Authentication on a single directory, add the following:
|
|
|
|
<Object ppath="d:\path\to\authenticated\dir\*">
|
|
AuthTrans fn=php4_auth_trans
|
|
</Object>
|
|
|
|
Note: The stacksize that PHP uses depends on the configuration of
|
|
the web server. If you get crashes with very large PHP scripts, it
|
|
is recommended to raise it with the Admin Server (in the section
|
|
"MAGNUS EDITOR").
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
CGI environment and recommended modifications in php.ini
|
|
|
|
Important when writing PHP scripts is the fact that Sun JSWS/Sun ONE
|
|
WS/iPlanet/Netscape is a multithreaded web server. Because of that all
|
|
requests are running in the same process space (the space of the web
|
|
server itself) and this space has only one environment. If you want to
|
|
get CGI variables like PATH_INFO, HTTP_HOST etc. it is not the correct
|
|
way to try this in the old PHP 3.x way with getenv() or a similar way
|
|
(register globals to environment, $_ENV). You would only get the
|
|
environment of the running web server without any valid CGI variables!
|
|
|
|
Note: Why are there (invalid) CGI variables in the environment?
|
|
|
|
Answer: This is because you started the web server process from the
|
|
admin server which runs the startup script of the web server, you
|
|
wanted to start, as a CGI script (a CGI script inside of the admin
|
|
server!). This is why the environment of the started web server has
|
|
some CGI environment variables in it. You can test this by starting
|
|
the web server not from the administration server. Use the command
|
|
line as root user and start it manually - you will see there are no
|
|
CGI-like environment variables.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Special use for error pages or self-made directory listings (PHP >= 4.3.3)
|
|
|
|
You can use PHP to generate the error pages for "404 Not Found" or
|
|
similar. Add the following line to the object in obj.conf for every
|
|
error page you want to overwrite:
|
|
Error fn="php4_execute" code=XXX script="/path/to/script.php" [inikey=value inik
|
|
ey=value...]
|
|
|
|
where XXX is the HTTP error code. Please delete any other Error
|
|
directives which could interfere with yours. If you want to place a
|
|
page for all errors that could exist, leave the code parameter out.
|
|
Your script can get the HTTP status code with $_SERVER['ERROR_TYPE'].
|
|
|
|
Another possibility is to generate self-made directory listings. Just
|
|
create a PHP script which displays a directory listing and replace the
|
|
corresponding default Service line for type="magnus-internal/directory"
|
|
in obj.conf with the following:
|
|
Service fn="php4_execute" type="magnus-internal/directory" script="/path/to/scri
|
|
pt.php" [inikey=value inikey=value...]
|
|
|
|
For both error and directory listing pages the original URI and
|
|
translated URI are in the variables $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'] and
|
|
$_SERVER['PATH_TRANSLATED'].
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Note about nsapi_virtual() and subrequests (PHP >= 4.3.3)
|
|
|
|
The NSAPI module now supports the nsapi_virtual() function (alias:
|
|
virtual()) to make subrequests on the web server and insert the result
|
|
in the web page. This function uses some undocumented features from the
|
|
NSAPI library. On Unix the module automatically looks for the needed
|
|
functions and uses them if available. If not, nsapi_virtual() is
|
|
disabled.
|
|
|
|
Note: But be warned: Support for nsapi_virtual() is EXPERIMENTAL!!!
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
CGI and command line setups
|
|
|
|
The default is to build PHP as a CGI program. This creates a command
|
|
line interpreter, which can be used for CGI processing, or for
|
|
non-web-related PHP scripting. If you are running a web server PHP has
|
|
module support for, you should generally go for that solution for
|
|
performance reasons. However, the CGI version enables users to run
|
|
different PHP-enabled pages under different user-ids.
|
|
|
|
Warning
|
|
|
|
By using the CGI setup, your server is open to several possible
|
|
attacks. Please read our CGI security section to learn how to defend
|
|
yourself from those attacks.
|
|
|
|
As of PHP 4.3.0, some important additions have happened to PHP. A new
|
|
SAPI named CLI also exists and it has the same name as the CGI binary.
|
|
What is installed at {PREFIX}/bin/php depends on your configure line
|
|
and this is described in detail in the manual section named Using PHP
|
|
from the command line. For further details please read that section of
|
|
the manual.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Testing
|
|
|
|
If you have built PHP as a CGI program, you may test your build by
|
|
typing make test. It is always a good idea to test your build. This way
|
|
you may catch a problem with PHP on your platform early instead of
|
|
having to struggle with it later.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Benchmarking
|
|
|
|
If you have built PHP 3 as a CGI program, you may benchmark your build
|
|
by typing make bench. Note that if safe mode is on by default, the
|
|
benchmark may not be able to finish if it takes longer then the 30
|
|
seconds allowed. This is because the set_time_limit() can not be used
|
|
in safe mode. Use the max_execution_time configuration setting to
|
|
control this time for your own scripts. make bench ignores the
|
|
configuration file.
|
|
|
|
Note: make bench is only available for PHP 3.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Using Variables
|
|
|
|
Some server supplied environment variables are not defined in the
|
|
current CGI/1.1 specification. Only the following variables are defined
|
|
there: AUTH_TYPE, CONTENT_LENGTH, CONTENT_TYPE, GATEWAY_INTERFACE,
|
|
PATH_INFO, PATH_TRANSLATED, QUERY_STRING, REMOTE_ADDR, REMOTE_HOST,
|
|
REMOTE_IDENT, REMOTE_USER, REQUEST_METHOD, SCRIPT_NAME, SERVER_NAME,
|
|
SERVER_PORT, SERVER_PROTOCOL, and SERVER_SOFTWARE. Everything else
|
|
should be treated as 'vendor extensions'.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
HP-UX specific installation notes
|
|
|
|
This section contains notes and hints specific to installing PHP on
|
|
HP-UX systems.
|
|
|
|
There are two main options for installing PHP on HP-UX systems. Either
|
|
compile it, or install a pre-compiled binary.
|
|
|
|
Official pre-compiled packages are located here:
|
|
http://software.hp.com/
|
|
|
|
Until this manual section is rewritten, the documentation about
|
|
compiling PHP (and related extensions) on HP-UX systems has been
|
|
removed. For now, consider reading the following external resource:
|
|
Building Apache and PHP on HP-UX 11.11
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
OpenBSD installation notes
|
|
|
|
This section contains notes and hints specific to installing PHP on
|
|
OpenBSD 3.6.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Using Binary Packages
|
|
|
|
Using binary packages to install PHP on OpenBSD is the recommended and
|
|
simplest method. The core package has been separated from the various
|
|
modules, and each can be installed and removed independently from the
|
|
others. The files you need can be found on your OpenBSD CD or on the
|
|
FTP site.
|
|
|
|
The main package you need to install is php4-core-4.3.8.tgz, which
|
|
contains the basic engine (plus gettext and iconv). Next, take a look
|
|
at the module packages, such as php4-mysql-4.3.8.tgz or
|
|
php4-imap-4.3.8.tgz. You need to use the phpxs command to activate and
|
|
deactivate these modules in your php.ini.
|
|
|
|
Example 2-6. OpenBSD Package Install Example
|
|
# pkg_add php4-core-4.3.8.tgz
|
|
# /usr/local/sbin/phpxs -s
|
|
# cp /usr/local/share/doc/php4/php.ini-recommended /var/www/conf/php.ini
|
|
(add in mysql)
|
|
# pkg_add php4-mysql-4.3.8.tgz
|
|
# /usr/local/sbin/phpxs -a mysql
|
|
(add in imap)
|
|
# pkg_add php4-imap-4.3.8.tgz
|
|
# /usr/local/sbin/phpxs -a imap
|
|
(remove mysql as a test)
|
|
# pkg_delete php4-mysql-4.3.8
|
|
# /usr/local/sbin/phpxs -r mysql
|
|
(install the PEAR libraries)
|
|
# pkg_add php4-pear-4.3.8.tgz
|
|
|
|
Read the packages(7) manual page for more information about binary
|
|
packages on OpenBSD.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Using Ports
|
|
|
|
You can also compile up PHP from source using the ports tree. However,
|
|
this is only recommended for users familiar with OpenBSD. The PHP 4
|
|
port is split into two sub-directories: core and extensions. The
|
|
extensions directory generates sub-packages for all of the supported
|
|
PHP modules. If you find you do not want to create some of these
|
|
modules, use the no_* FLAVOR. For example, to skip building the imap
|
|
module, set the FLAVOR to no_imap.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Common Problems
|
|
|
|
* The default install of Apache runs inside a chroot(2) jail, which
|
|
will restrict PHP scripts to accessing files under /var/www. You
|
|
will therefore need to create a /var/www/tmp directory for PHP
|
|
session files to be stored, or use an alternative session backend.
|
|
In addition, database sockets need to be placed inside the jail or
|
|
listen on the localhost interface. If you use network functions,
|
|
some files from /etc such as /etc/resolv.conf and /etc/services
|
|
will need to be moved into /var/www/etc. The OpenBSD PEAR package
|
|
automatically installs into the correct chroot directories, so no
|
|
special modification is needed there. More information on the
|
|
OpenBSD Apache is available in the OpenBSD FAQ.
|
|
* The OpenBSD 3.6 package for the gd extension requires XFree86 to be
|
|
installed. If you do not wish to use some of the font features that
|
|
require X11, install the php4-gd-4.3.8-no_x11.tgz package instead.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Older Releases
|
|
|
|
Older releases of OpenBSD used the FLAVORS system to compile up a
|
|
statically linked PHP. Since it is hard to generate binary packages
|
|
using this method, it is now deprecated. You can still use the old
|
|
stable ports trees if you wish, but they are unsupported by the OpenBSD
|
|
team. If you have any comments about this, the current maintainer for
|
|
the port is Anil Madhavapeddy (avsm at openbsd dot org).
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Solaris specific installation tips
|
|
|
|
This section contains notes and hints specific to installing PHP on
|
|
Solaris systems.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Required software
|
|
|
|
Solaris installs often lack C compilers and their related tools. Read
|
|
this FAQ for information on why using GNU versions for some of these
|
|
tools is necessary. The required software is as follows:
|
|
|
|
* gcc (recommended, other C compilers may work)
|
|
* make
|
|
* flex
|
|
* bison
|
|
* m4
|
|
* autoconf
|
|
* automake
|
|
* perl
|
|
* gzip
|
|
* tar
|
|
* GNU sed
|
|
|
|
In addition, you will need to install (and possibly compile) any
|
|
additional software specific to your configuration, such as Oracle or
|
|
MySQL.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Using Packages
|
|
|
|
You can simplify the Solaris install process by using pkgadd to install
|
|
most of your needed components.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Debian GNU/Linux installation notes
|
|
|
|
This section contains notes and hints specific to installing PHP on
|
|
Debian GNU/Linux.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Using APT
|
|
|
|
While you can just download the PHP source and compile it yourself,
|
|
using Debian's packaging system is the simplest and cleanest method of
|
|
installing PHP. If you are not familiar with building software on
|
|
Linux, this is the way to go.
|
|
|
|
The first decision you need to make is whether you want to install
|
|
Apache 1.3.x or Apache 2.x. The corresponding PHP packages are
|
|
respectively named libapache-mod-php* and libapache2-mod-php*. The
|
|
steps given below will use Apache 1.3.x. Please note that, as of this
|
|
writing, there is no official Debian packages of PHP 5. Then the steps
|
|
given below will install PHP 4.
|
|
|
|
PHP is available in Debian as CGI or CLI flavour too, named
|
|
respectively php4-cgi and php4-cli. If you need them, you'll just have
|
|
to reproduce the following steps with the good package names. Another
|
|
special package you'd want to install is php4-pear. It contains a
|
|
minimal PEAR installation and the pear commandline utility.
|
|
|
|
If you need more recent packages of PHP than the Debian's stable ones
|
|
or if some PHP modules lacks the Debian official repository, perhaps
|
|
you should take a look at http://www.apt-get.org/. One of the results
|
|
found should be Dotdeb. This unofficial repository is maintained by
|
|
Guillaume Plessis and contains Debian packages of the most recent
|
|
versions of PHP 4 and PHP 5. To use it, just add the to following two
|
|
lines to your /etc/apt/sources.lists and run apt-get update :
|
|
|
|
Example 2-7. The two Dotdeb related lines
|
|
deb http://packages.dotdeb.org stable all
|
|
deb-src http://packages.dotdeb.org stable all
|
|
|
|
The last thing to consider is whether your list of packages is up to
|
|
date. If you have not updated it recently, you need to run apt-get
|
|
update before anything else. This way, you will be using the most
|
|
recent stable version of the Apache and PHP packages.
|
|
|
|
Now that everything is in place, you can use the following example to
|
|
install Apache and PHP:
|
|
|
|
Example 2-8. Debian Install Example with Apache 1.3
|
|
# apt-get install libapache-mod-php4
|
|
|
|
APT will automatically install the PHP 4 module for Apache 1.3, and all
|
|
its dependencies and then activate it. If you're not asked to restart
|
|
Apache during the install process, you'll have to do it manually :
|
|
|
|
Example 2-9. Stopping and starting Apache once PHP 4 is installed
|
|
# /etc/init.d/apache stop
|
|
# /etc/init.d/apache start
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Better control on configuration
|
|
|
|
In the last section, PHP was installed with only core modules. This may
|
|
not be what you want and you will soon discover that you need more
|
|
activated modules, like MySQL, cURL, GD, etc.
|
|
|
|
When you compile PHP from source yourself, you need to activate modules
|
|
via the configure command. With APT, you just have to install
|
|
additional packages. They're all named 'php4-*' (or 'php5-*' if you
|
|
installed PHP 5 from a third party repository).
|
|
|
|
Example 2-10. Getting the list of PHP additional packages
|
|
# dpkg -l 'php4-*'
|
|
|
|
As you can see from the last output, there's a lot of PHP modules that
|
|
you can install (excluding the php4-cgi, php4-cli or php4-pear special
|
|
packages). Look at them closely and choose what you need. If you choose
|
|
a module and you do not have the proper libraries, APT will
|
|
automatically install all the dependencies for you.
|
|
|
|
If you choose to add the MySQL, cURL and GD support to PHP the command
|
|
will look something like this:
|
|
|
|
Example 2-11. Install PHP with MySQL, cURL and GD
|
|
# apt-get install php4-mysql php4-curl php4-gd
|
|
|
|
APT will automatically add the appropriate lines to your different
|
|
php.ini (/etc/php4/apache/php.ini, /etc/php4/cgi/php.ini, etc).
|
|
|
|
Example 2-12. These lines activate MySQL, cURL and GD into PHP
|
|
extension=mysql.so
|
|
extension=curl.so
|
|
extension=gd.so
|
|
|
|
You'll only have to stop/start Apache as previously to activate the
|
|
modules.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Common Problems
|
|
|
|
* If you see the PHP source instead of the result the script should
|
|
produce, APT has probably not included /etc/apache/conf.d/php4 in
|
|
your Apache 1.3 configuration. Please ensure that the following
|
|
line is present in your /etc/apache/httpd.conf file then stop/start
|
|
Apache:
|
|
|
|
Example 2-13. This line activates PHP 4 into Apache
|
|
# Include /etc/apache/conf.d/
|
|
|
|
* If you installed an additional module and if its functions are not
|
|
available in your scripts, please ensure that the appropriate line
|
|
is present in your php.ini, as seen before. APT may fail during the
|
|
installation of the additional module, due to a confusing debconf
|
|
configuration.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Chapter 3. Installation on Mac OS X
|
|
|
|
This section contains notes and hints specific to installing PHP on Mac
|
|
OS X. There are two slightly different versions of Mac OS X, Client and
|
|
Server, our manual deals with installing PHP on both systems. Note that
|
|
PHP is not available for MacOS 9 and earlier versions.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Using Packages
|
|
|
|
There are a few pre-packaged and pre-compiled versions of PHP for Mac
|
|
OS X. This can help in setting up a standard configuration, but if you
|
|
need to have a different set of features (such as a secure server, or a
|
|
different database driver), you may need to build PHP and/or your web
|
|
server yourself. If you are unfamiliar with building and compiling your
|
|
own software, it's worth checking whether somebody has already built a
|
|
packaged version of PHP with the features you need.
|
|
|
|
The following resources offer easy to install packages and precompiled
|
|
binaries for PHP on Mac OS:
|
|
|
|
* Darwin: http://darwinports.opendarwin.org/
|
|
* Entropy: http://www.entropy.ch/software/macosx/php/
|
|
* Fink: http://fink.sourceforge.net/
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Using the bundled PHP
|
|
|
|
PHP has come standard with Macs since OS X version 10.0.0. Enabling PHP
|
|
with the default web server requires uncommenting a few lines in the
|
|
Apache configuration file httpd.conf whereas the CGI and/or CLI are
|
|
enabled by default (easily accessible via the Terminal program).
|
|
|
|
Enabling PHP using the instructions below is meant for quickly setting
|
|
up a local development environment. It's highly recommended to always
|
|
upgrade PHP to the newest version. Like most live software, newer
|
|
versions are created to fix bugs and add features and PHP being is no
|
|
different. See the appropriate MAC OS X installation documentation for
|
|
further details. The following instructions are geared towards a
|
|
beginner with details provided for getting a default setup to work. All
|
|
users are encouraged to compile, or install a new packaged version.
|
|
|
|
The standard installation type is using mod_php, and enabling the
|
|
bundled mod_php on Mac OS X for the Apache web server (the default web
|
|
server, that is accessible via System Preferences) involves the
|
|
following steps:
|
|
|
|
1. Locate and open the Apache configuration file. By default, the
|
|
location is as follows: /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
|
|
Using Finder or Spotlight to find this file may prove difficult as
|
|
by default it's private and owned by the root user.
|
|
|
|
Note: One way to open this is by using a Unix based text editor in
|
|
the Terminal, for example nano, and because the file is owned by
|
|
root we'll use the sudo command to open it (as root) so for example
|
|
type the following into the Terminal Application (after, it will
|
|
prompt for a password): sudo nano /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
|
|
Noteworthy nano commands: ^w (search), ^o (save), and ^x (exit)
|
|
where ^ represents the Ctrl key.
|
|
2. With a text editor, uncomment the lines (by removing the #) that
|
|
look similar to the following (these two lines are often not
|
|
together, locate them both in the file):
|
|
|
|
# LoadModule php4_module libexec/httpd/libphp4.so
|
|
|
|
# AddModule mod_php4.c
|
|
|
|
Notice the location/path. When building PHP in the future, the
|
|
above files should be replaced or commented out.
|
|
3. Be sure the desired extensions will parse as PHP (examples: .php
|
|
.html and .inc)
|
|
Due to the following statement already existing in httpd.conf (as
|
|
of Mac Panther), once PHP is enabled the .php files will
|
|
automatically parse as PHP.
|
|
|
|
<IfModule mod_php4.c>
|
|
# If php is turned on, we respect .php and .phps files.
|
|
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
|
|
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
|
|
|
|
# Since most users will want index.php to work we
|
|
# also automatically enable index.php
|
|
<IfModule mod_dir.c>
|
|
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
|
|
</IfModule>
|
|
</IfModule>
|
|
|
|
4. Be sure the DirectoryIndex loads the desired default index file
|
|
This is also set in httpd.conf. Typically index.php and index.html
|
|
are used. By default index.php is enabled because it's also in the
|
|
PHP check shown above. Adjust accordingly.
|
|
5. Set the php.ini location or use the default
|
|
A typical default location on Mac OS X is /usr/local/php/php.ini
|
|
and a call to phpinfo() will reveal this information. If a php.ini
|
|
is not used, PHP will use all default values. See also the related
|
|
FAQ on finding php.ini.
|
|
6. Locate or set the DocumentRoot
|
|
This is the root directory for all the web files. Files in this
|
|
directory are served from the web server so the PHP files will
|
|
parse as PHP before outputting them to the browser. A typical
|
|
default path is /Library/WebServer/Documents but this can be set to
|
|
anything in httpd.conf. Alternatively, the default DocumentRoot for
|
|
individual users is /Users/yourusername/Sites
|
|
7. Create a phpinfo() file
|
|
The phpinfo() function will display information about PHP. Consider
|
|
creating a file in the DocumentRoot with the following PHP code:
|
|
|
|
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
|
|
|
|
8. Restart Apache, and load the PHP file created above
|
|
To restart, either execute sudo apachectl graceful in the shell or
|
|
stop/start the "Personal Web Server" option in the OS X System
|
|
Preferences. By default, loading local files in the browser will
|
|
have an URL like so: http://localhost/info.php Or using the
|
|
DocumentRoot in the user directory is another option and would end
|
|
up looking like: http://localhost/~yourusername/info.php
|
|
|
|
The CLI (or CGI in older versions) is appropriately named php and
|
|
likely exists as /usr/bin/php. Open up the terminal, read the command
|
|
line section of the PHP manual, and execute php -v to check the PHP
|
|
version of this PHP binary. A call to phpinfo() will also reveal this
|
|
information.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Compiling for OS X Server
|
|
|
|
Mac OS X Server install.
|
|
|
|
1. Get the latest distributions of Apache and PHP.
|
|
2. Untar them, and run the configure program on Apache like so.
|
|
|
|
./configure --exec-prefix=/usr \
|
|
--localstatedir=/var \
|
|
--mandir=/usr/share/man \
|
|
--libexecdir=/System/Library/Apache/Modules \
|
|
--iconsdir=/System/Library/Apache/Icons \
|
|
--includedir=/System/Library/Frameworks/Apache.framework/Versions/1.3/Headers \
|
|
--enable-shared=max \
|
|
--enable-module=most \
|
|
--target=apache
|
|
|
|
3. If you want the compiler to do some optimization, you may also want
|
|
to add this line:
|
|
|
|
setenv OPTIM=-O2
|
|
|
|
4. Next, go to the PHP 4 source directory and configure it.
|
|
|
|
./configure --prefix=/usr \
|
|
--sysconfdir=/etc \
|
|
--localstatedir=/var \
|
|
--mandir=/usr/share/man \
|
|
--with-xml \
|
|
--with-apache=/src/apache_1.3.12
|
|
|
|
If you have any other additions (MySQL, GD, etc.), be sure to add
|
|
them here. For the --with-apache string, put in the path to your
|
|
apache source directory, for example /src/apache_1.3.12.
|
|
5. Type make and make install. This will add a directory to your
|
|
Apache source directory under src/modules/php4.
|
|
6. Now, reconfigure Apache to build in PHP 4.
|
|
|
|
./configure --exec-prefix=/usr \
|
|
--localstatedir=/var \
|
|
--mandir=/usr/share/man \
|
|
--libexecdir=/System/Library/Apache/Modules \
|
|
--iconsdir=/System/Library/Apache/Icons \
|
|
--includedir=/System/Library/Frameworks/Apache.framework/Versions/1.3/Headers \
|
|
--enable-shared=max \
|
|
--enable-module=most \
|
|
--target=apache \
|
|
--activate-module=src/modules/php4/libphp4.a
|
|
|
|
You may get a message telling you that libmodphp4.a is out of date.
|
|
If so, go to the src/modules/php4 directory inside your Apache
|
|
source directory and run this command: ranlib libmodphp4.a. Then go
|
|
back to the root of the Apache source directory and run the above
|
|
configure command again. That'll bring the link table up to date.
|
|
Run make and make install again.
|
|
7. Copy and rename the php.ini-dist file to your bin directory from
|
|
your PHP 4 source directory: cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/bin/php.ini
|
|
or (if your don't have a local directory) cp php.ini-dist
|
|
/usr/bin/php.ini.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Compiling for MacOS X Client
|
|
|
|
The following instructions will help you install a PHP module for the
|
|
Apache web server included in MacOS X. This version includes support
|
|
for the MySQL and PostgreSQL databases. These instructions are
|
|
graciously provided by Marc Liyanage.
|
|
|
|
Warning
|
|
|
|
Be careful when you do this, you could screw up your Apache web server!
|
|
|
|
Do this to install:
|
|
|
|
1. Open a terminal window.
|
|
2. Type wget
|
|
http://www.diax.ch/users/liyanage/software/macosx/libphp4.so.gz,
|
|
wait for the download to finish.
|
|
3. Type gunzip libphp4.so.gz.
|
|
4. Type sudo apxs -i -a -n php4 libphp4.so
|
|
5. Now type sudo open -a TextEdit /etc/httpd/httpd.conf. TextEdit will
|
|
open with the web server configuration file. Locate these two lines
|
|
towards the end of the file: (Use the Find command)
|
|
|
|
#AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
|
|
#AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
|
|
|
|
Remove the two hash marks (#), then save the file and quit
|
|
TextEdit.
|
|
6. Finally, type sudo apachectl graceful to restart the web server.
|
|
|
|
PHP should now be up and running. You can test it by dropping a file
|
|
into your Sites folder which is called test.php. Into that file, write
|
|
this line: <?php phpinfo() ?>.
|
|
|
|
Now open up 127.0.0.1/~your_username/test.php in your web browser. You
|
|
should see a status table with information about the PHP module.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Chapter 4. Installation of PECL extensions
|
|
|
|
Introduction to PECL Installations
|
|
|
|
PECL is a repository of PHP extensions that are made available to you
|
|
via the PEAR packaging system. This section of the manual is intended
|
|
to demonstrate how to obtain and install PECL extensions.
|
|
|
|
These instructions assume /your/phpsrcdir/ is the path to the PHP
|
|
source distribution, and that extname is the name of the PECL
|
|
extension. Adjust accordingly. These instructions also assume a
|
|
familiarity with the pear command. The information in the PEAR manual
|
|
for the pear command also applies to the pecl command.
|
|
|
|
To be useful, a shared extension must be built, installed, and loaded.
|
|
The methods described below provide you with various instructions on
|
|
how to build and install the extensions, but they do not automatically
|
|
load them. Extensions can be loaded by adding an extension directive.
|
|
To this php.ini file, or through the use of the dl() function.
|
|
|
|
When building PHP modules, it's important to have known-good versions
|
|
of the required tools (autoconf, automake, libtool, etc.) See the
|
|
SVN Instructions for details on the required tools, and required
|
|
versions.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Downloading PECL extensions
|
|
|
|
There are several options for downloading PECL extensions, such as:
|
|
|
|
* http://pecl.php.net
|
|
The PECL web site contains information about the different
|
|
extensions that are offered by the PHP Development Team. The
|
|
information available here includes: ChangeLog, release notes,
|
|
requirements and other similar details.
|
|
* pecl download extname
|
|
PECL extensions that have releases listed on the PECL web site are
|
|
available for download and installation using the pecl command.
|
|
Specific revisions may also be specified.
|
|
* SVN
|
|
All PECL files reside in SVN. A web-based view may be seen at
|
|
http://svn.php.net/pecl/. To download straight from SVN, use:
|
|
|
|
$ svn co http://svn.php.net/repository/pecl/<extname>/trunk <extname>
|
|
|
|
* Windows downloads
|
|
Windows users may find compiled PECL binaries by downloading the
|
|
Collection of PECL modules from the PHP Downloads page, or by
|
|
retrieving a PECL Snapshot or an extension DLL on PECL4WIN. To
|
|
compile PHP under Windows, read the appropriate chapter.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
PECL for Windows users
|
|
|
|
As with any other PHP extension DLL, installation is as simple as
|
|
copying the PECL extension DLLs into the extension_dir folder and
|
|
loading them from php.ini. For example, add the following line to your
|
|
php.ini:
|
|
|
|
extension=php_extname.dll
|
|
|
|
After doing this, restart the web server.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Compiling shared PECL extensions with the pecl command
|
|
|
|
PECL makes it easy to create shared PHP extensions. Using the pecl
|
|
command, do the following:
|
|
|
|
$ pecl install extname
|
|
|
|
This will download the source for extname, compile, and install
|
|
extname.so into your extension_dir. extname.so may then be loaded via
|
|
php.ini
|
|
|
|
By default, the pecl command will not install packages that are marked
|
|
with the alpha or beta state. If no stable packages are available, you
|
|
may install a beta package using the following command:
|
|
|
|
$ pecl install extname-beta
|
|
|
|
You may also install a specific version using this variant:
|
|
|
|
$ pecl install extname-0.1
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Compiling shared PECL extensions with phpize
|
|
|
|
Sometimes, using the pecl installer is not an option. This could be
|
|
because you're behind a firewall, or it could be because the extension
|
|
you want to install is not available as a PECL compatible package, such
|
|
as unreleased extensions from SVN. If you need to build such an
|
|
extension, you can use the lower-level build tools to perform the build
|
|
manually.
|
|
|
|
The phpize command is used to prepare the build environment for a PHP
|
|
extension. In the following sample, the sources for an extension are in
|
|
a directory named extname:
|
|
|
|
$ cd extname
|
|
$ phpize
|
|
$ ./configure
|
|
$ make
|
|
# make install
|
|
|
|
A successful install will have created extname.so and put it into the
|
|
PHP extensions directory. You'll need to and adjust php.ini and add an
|
|
extension=extname.so line before you can use the extension.
|
|
|
|
If the system is missing the phpize command, and precompiled packages
|
|
(like RPM's) are used, be sure to also install the appropriate devel
|
|
version of the PHP package as they often include the phpize command
|
|
along with the appropriate header files to build PHP and its
|
|
extensions.
|
|
|
|
Execute phpize --help to display additional usage information.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Compiling PECL extensions statically into PHP
|
|
|
|
You might find that you need to build a PECL extension statically into
|
|
your PHP binary. To do this, you'll need to place the extension source
|
|
under the php-src/ext/ directory and tell the PHP build system to
|
|
regenerate its configure script.
|
|
|
|
$ cd /your/phpsrcdir/ext
|
|
$ pecl download extname
|
|
$ gzip -d < extname.tgz | tar -xvf -
|
|
$ mv extname-x.x.x extname
|
|
|
|
This will result in the following directory:
|
|
|
|
/your/phpsrcdir/ext/extname
|
|
|
|
From here, force PHP to rebuild the configure script, and then build
|
|
PHP as normal:
|
|
|
|
$ cd /your/phpsrcdir
|
|
$ rm configure
|
|
$ ./buildconf --force
|
|
$ ./configure --help
|
|
$ ./configure --with-extname --enable-someotherext --with-foobar
|
|
$ make
|
|
$ make install
|
|
|
|
Note: To run the 'buildconf' script you need autoconf 2.13 and
|
|
automake 1.4+ (newer versions of autoconf may work, but are not
|
|
supported).
|
|
|
|
Whether --enable-extname or --with-extname is used depends on the
|
|
extension. Typically an extension that does not require external
|
|
libraries uses --enable. To be sure, run the following after buildconf:
|
|
|
|
$ ./configure --help | grep extname
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Chapter 5. Problems?
|
|
|
|
Read the FAQ
|
|
|
|
Some problems are more common than others. The most common ones are
|
|
listed in the PHP FAQ, part of this manual.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Other problems
|
|
|
|
If you are still stuck, someone on the PHP installation mailing list
|
|
may be able to help you. You should check out the archive first, in
|
|
case someone already answered someone else who had the same problem as
|
|
you. The archives are available from the support page on
|
|
http://www.php.net/support.php. To subscribe to the PHP installation
|
|
mailing list, send an empty mail to
|
|
php-install-subscribe@lists.php.net. The mailing list address is
|
|
php-install@lists.php.net.
|
|
|
|
If you want to get help on the mailing list, please try to be precise
|
|
and give the necessary details about your environment (which operating
|
|
system, what PHP version, what web server, if you are running PHP as
|
|
CGI or a server module, safe mode, etc...), and preferably enough code
|
|
to make others able to reproduce and test your problem.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Bug reports
|
|
|
|
If you think you have found a bug in PHP, please report it. The PHP
|
|
developers probably don't know about it, and unless you report it,
|
|
chances are it won't be fixed. You can report bugs using the
|
|
bug-tracking system at http://bugs.php.net/. Please do not send bug
|
|
reports in mailing list or personal letters. The bug system is also
|
|
suitable to submit feature requests.
|
|
|
|
Read the How to report a bug document before submitting any bug
|
|
reports!
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Chapter 6. Runtime Configuration
|
|
|
|
The configuration file
|
|
|
|
The configuration file (called php3.ini in PHP 3, and simply php.ini as
|
|
of PHP 4) is read when PHP starts up. For the server module versions of
|
|
PHP, this happens only once when the web server is started. For the CGI
|
|
and CLI version, it happens on every invocation.
|
|
|
|
php.ini is searched in these locations (in order):
|
|
|
|
* SAPI module specific location (PHPIniDir directive in Apache 2, -c
|
|
command line option in CGI and CLI, php_ini parameter in NSAPI,
|
|
PHP_INI_PATH environment variable in THTTPD)
|
|
* The PHPRC environment variable. Before PHP 5.2.0 this was checked
|
|
after the registry key mentioned below.
|
|
* As of PHP 5.2.0, the following registry locations are searched in
|
|
order: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\PHP\x.y.z\IniFilePath,
|
|
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\PHP\x.y\IniFilePath and
|
|
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\PHP\x\IniFilePath, where x, y and z
|
|
mean the PHP major, minor and release versions.
|
|
* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\PHP\IniFilePath (Windows Registry
|
|
location)
|
|
* Current working directory (except CLI)
|
|
* The web server's directory (for SAPI modules), or directory of PHP
|
|
(otherwise in Windows)
|
|
* Windows directory (C:\windows or C:\winnt) (for Windows), or
|
|
--with-config-file-path compile time option
|
|
|
|
If php-SAPI.ini exists (where SAPI is used SAPI, so the filename is
|
|
e.g. php-cli.ini or php-apache.ini), it's used instead of php.ini. SAPI
|
|
name can be determined by php_sapi_name().
|
|
|
|
Note: The Apache web server changes the directory to root at startup
|
|
causing PHP to attempt to read php.ini from the root filesystem if
|
|
it exists.
|
|
|
|
The php.ini directives handled by extensions are documented
|
|
respectively on the pages of the extensions themselves. The list of the
|
|
core directives is available in the appendix. Probably not all PHP
|
|
directives are documented in the manual though. For a complete list of
|
|
directives available in your PHP version, please read your well
|
|
commented php.ini file. Alternatively, you may find the the latest
|
|
php.ini from SVN helpful too.
|
|
|
|
Example 6-1. php.ini example
|
|
; any text on a line after an unquoted semicolon (;) is ignored
|
|
[php] ; section markers (text within square brackets) are also ignored
|
|
; Boolean values can be set to either:
|
|
; true, on, yes
|
|
; or false, off, no, none
|
|
html_errors = off
|
|
track_errors = yes
|
|
|
|
; you can enclose strings in double-quotes
|
|
include_path = ".:/usr/local/lib/php"
|
|
|
|
; backslashes are treated the same as any other character
|
|
include_path = ".;c:\php\lib"
|
|
|
|
Since PHP 5.1.0, it is possible to refer to existing .ini variables
|
|
from within .ini files. Example: open_basedir = ${open_basedir}
|
|
":/new/dir".
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
How to change configuration settings
|
|
|
|
Running PHP as an Apache module
|
|
|
|
When using PHP as an Apache module, you can also change the
|
|
configuration settings using directives in Apache configuration files
|
|
(e.g. httpd.conf) and .htaccess files. You will need "AllowOverride
|
|
Options" or "AllowOverride All" privileges to do so.
|
|
|
|
With PHP 4 and PHP 5, there are several Apache directives that allow
|
|
you to change the PHP configuration from within the Apache
|
|
configuration files. For a listing of which directives are PHP_INI_ALL,
|
|
PHP_INI_PERDIR, or PHP_INI_SYSTEM, have a look at the List of php.ini
|
|
directives appendix.
|
|
|
|
Note: With PHP 3, there are Apache directives that correspond to
|
|
each configuration setting in the php3.ini name, except the name is
|
|
prefixed by "php3_".
|
|
|
|
php_value name value
|
|
Sets the value of the specified directive. Can be used only with
|
|
PHP_INI_ALL and PHP_INI_PERDIR type directives. To clear a
|
|
previously set value use none as the value.
|
|
|
|
Note: Don't use php_value to set boolean values. php_flag (see
|
|
below) should be used instead.
|
|
|
|
php_flag name on|off
|
|
Used to set a boolean configuration directive. Can be used only
|
|
with PHP_INI_ALL and PHP_INI_PERDIR type directives.
|
|
|
|
php_admin_value name value
|
|
Sets the value of the specified directive. This can not be used
|
|
in .htaccess files. Any directive type set with php_admin_value
|
|
can not be overridden by .htaccess or virtualhost directives. To
|
|
clear a previously set value use none as the value.
|
|
|
|
php_admin_flag name on|off
|
|
Used to set a boolean configuration directive. This can not be
|
|
used in .htaccess files. Any directive type set with
|
|
php_admin_flag can not be overridden by .htaccess or virtualhost
|
|
directives.
|
|
|
|
Example 6-2. Apache configuration example
|
|
<IfModule mod_php5.c>
|
|
php_value include_path ".:/usr/local/lib/php"
|
|
php_admin_flag safe_mode on
|
|
</IfModule>
|
|
<IfModule mod_php4.c>
|
|
php_value include_path ".:/usr/local/lib/php"
|
|
php_admin_flag safe_mode on
|
|
</IfModule>
|
|
<IfModule mod_php3.c>
|
|
php3_include_path ".:/usr/local/lib/php"
|
|
php3_safe_mode on
|
|
</IfModule>
|
|
|
|
Caution
|
|
|
|
PHP constants do not exist outside of PHP. For example, in httpd.conf
|
|
you can not use PHP constants such as E_ALL or E_NOTICE to set the
|
|
error_reporting directive as they will have no meaning and will
|
|
evaluate to 0. Use the associated bitmask values instead. These
|
|
constants can be used in php.ini
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Changing PHP configuration via the Windows registry
|
|
|
|
When running PHP on Windows, the configuration values can be modified
|
|
on a per-directory basis using the Windows registry. The configuration
|
|
values are stored in the registry key HKLM\SOFTWARE\PHP\Per Directory
|
|
Values, in the sub-keys corresponding to the path names. For example,
|
|
configuration values for the directory c:\inetpub\wwwroot would be
|
|
stored in the key HKLM\SOFTWARE\PHP\Per Directory
|
|
Values\c\inetpub\wwwroot. The settings for the directory would be
|
|
active for any script running from this directory or any subdirectory
|
|
of it. The values under the key should have the name of the PHP
|
|
configuration directive and the string value. PHP constants in the
|
|
values are not parsed. However, only configuration values changeable in
|
|
PHP_INI_USER can be set this way, PHP_INI_PERDIR values can not.
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Other interfaces to PHP
|
|
|
|
Regardless of how you run PHP, you can change certain values at runtime
|
|
of your scripts through ini_set(). See the documentation on the
|
|
ini_set() page for more information.
|
|
|
|
If you are interested in a complete list of configuration settings on
|
|
your system with their current values, you can execute the phpinfo()
|
|
function, and review the resulting page. You can also access the values
|
|
of individual configuration directives at runtime using ini_get() or
|
|
get_cfg_var().
|
|
__________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
Chapter 7. Installation FAQ
|
|
|
|
This section holds common questions about the way to install PHP. PHP
|
|
is available for almost any OS (except maybe for MacOS before OSX), and
|
|
almost any web server.
|
|
|
|
To install PHP, follow the instructions in Installing PHP.
|
|
|
|
1. Why shouldn't I use Apache2 with a threaded MPM in a production
|
|
environment?
|
|
|
|
2. Unix/Windows: Where should my php.ini file be located?
|
|
3. Unix: I installed PHP, but every time I load a document, I get the
|
|
message 'Document Contains No Data'! What's going on here?
|
|
|
|
4. Unix: I installed PHP using RPMS, but Apache isn't processing the
|
|
PHP pages! What's going on here?
|
|
|
|
5. Unix: I installed PHP 3 using RPMS, but it doesn't compile with the
|
|
database support I need! What's going on here?
|
|
|
|
6. Unix: I patched Apache with the FrontPage extensions patch, and
|
|
suddenly PHP stopped working. Is PHP incompatible with the
|
|
Apache FrontPage extensions?
|
|
|
|
7. Unix/Windows: I have installed PHP, but when I try to access a PHP
|
|
script file via my browser, I get a blank screen.
|
|
|
|
8. Unix/Windows: I have installed PHP, but when try to access a PHP
|
|
script file via my browser, I get a server 500 error.
|
|
|
|
9. Some operating systems: I have installed PHP without errors, but
|
|
when I try to start apache I get undefined symbol errors:
|
|
|
|
[mybox:user /src/php4] root# apachectl configtest
|
|
apachectl: /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd Undefined symbols:
|
|
_compress
|
|
_uncompress
|
|
|
|
10. Windows: I have installed PHP, but when I to access a PHP script
|
|
file via my browser, I get the error:
|
|
|
|
cgi error:
|
|
The specified CGI application misbehaved by not
|
|
returning a complete set of HTTP headers.
|
|
The headers it did return are:
|
|
|
|
11. Windows: I've followed all the instructions, but still can't get
|
|
PHP and IIS to work together!
|
|
|
|
12. When running PHP as CGI with IIS, PWS, OmniHTTPD or Xitami, I get
|
|
the following error: Security Alert! PHP CGI cannot be accessed
|
|
directly..
|
|
|
|
13. How do I know if my php.ini is being found and read? It seems like
|
|
it isn't as my changes aren't being implemented.
|
|
|
|
14. How do I add my PHP directory to the PATH on Windows?
|
|
15. How do I make the php.ini file available to PHP on windows?
|
|
16. Is it possible to use Apache content negotiation (MultiViews
|
|
option) with PHP?
|
|
|
|
17. Is PHP limited to process GET and POST request methods only?
|
|
|
|
1. Why shouldn't I use Apache2 with a threaded MPM in a production
|
|
environment?
|
|
|
|
PHP is glue. It is the glue used to build cool web applications by
|
|
sticking dozens of 3rd-party libraries together and making it all
|
|
appear as one coherent entity through an intuitive and easy to learn
|
|
language interface. The flexibility and power of PHP relies on the
|
|
stability and robustness of the underlying platform. It needs a working
|
|
OS, a working web server and working 3rd-party libraries to glue
|
|
together. When any of these stop working PHP needs ways to identify the
|
|
problems and fix them quickly. When you make the underlying framework
|
|
more complex by not having completely separate execution threads,
|
|
completely separate memory segments and a strong sandbox for each
|
|
request to play in, feet of clay are introduced into PHP's system.
|
|
|
|
If you feel you have to use a threaded MPM, look at a FastCGI
|
|
configuration where PHP is running in its own memory space.
|
|
|
|
And finally, this warning against using a threaded MPM is not as strong
|
|
for Windows systems because most libraries on that platform tend to be
|
|
threadsafe.
|
|
|
|
2. Unix/Windows: Where should my php.ini file be located?
|
|
|
|
By default on Unix it should be in /usr/local/lib which is
|
|
<install-path>/lib. Most people will want to change this at
|
|
compile-time with the --with-config-file-path flag. You would, for
|
|
example, set it with something like:
|
|
--with-config-file-path=/etc
|
|
|
|
And then you would copy php.ini-dist from the distribution to
|
|
/etc/php.ini and edit it to make any local changes you want.
|
|
--with-config-file-scan-dir=PATH
|
|
|
|
On Windows the default path for the php.ini file is the Windows
|
|
directory. If you're using the Apache webserver, php.ini is first
|
|
searched in the Apaches install directory, e.g. c:\program files\apache
|
|
group\apache. This way you can have different php.ini files for
|
|
different versions of Apache on the same machine.
|
|
|
|
See also the chapter about the configuration file.
|
|
|
|
3. Unix: I installed PHP, but every time I load a document, I get the
|
|
message 'Document Contains No Data'! What's going on here?
|
|
|
|
This probably means that PHP is having some sort of problem and is
|
|
core-dumping. Look in your server error log to see if this is the case,
|
|
and then try to reproduce the problem with a small test case. If you
|
|
know how to use 'gdb', it is very helpful when you can provide a
|
|
backtrace with your bug report to help the developers pinpoint the
|
|
problem. If you are using PHP as an Apache module try something like:
|
|
|
|
* Stop your httpd processes
|
|
* gdb httpd
|
|
* Stop your httpd processes
|
|
* > run -X -f /path/to/httpd.conf
|
|
* Then fetch the URL causing the problem with your browser
|
|
* > run -X -f /path/to/httpd.conf
|
|
* If you are getting a core dump, gdb should inform you of this now
|
|
* type: bt
|
|
* You should include your backtrace in your bug report. This should
|
|
be submitted to http://bugs.php.net/
|
|
|
|
If your script uses the regular expression functions (ereg() and
|
|
friends), you should make sure that you compiled PHP and Apache with
|
|
the same regular expression package. This should happen automatically
|
|
with PHP and Apache 1.3.x
|
|
|
|
4. Unix: I installed PHP using RPMS, but Apache isn't processing the
|
|
PHP pages! What's going on here?
|
|
|
|
Assuming you installed both Apache and PHP from RPM packages, you need
|
|
to uncomment or add some or all of the following lines in your
|
|
httpd.conf file:
|
|
# Extra Modules
|
|
AddModule mod_php.c
|
|
AddModule mod_php3.c
|
|
AddModule mod_perl.c
|
|
|
|
# Extra Modules
|
|
LoadModule php_module modules/mod_php.so
|
|
LoadModule php3_module modules/libphp3.so # for PHP 3
|
|
LoadModule php4_module modules/libphp4.so # for PHP 4
|
|
LoadModule perl_module modules/libperl.so
|
|
|
|
And add:
|
|
AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .php3 # for PHP 3
|
|
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php # for PHP 4
|
|
|
|
... to the global properties, or to the properties of the VirtualDomain
|
|
you want to have PHP support added to.
|
|
|
|
5. Unix: I installed PHP 3 using RPMS, but it doesn't compile with the
|
|
database support I need! What's going on here?
|
|
|
|
Due to the way PHP 3 built, it is not easy to build a complete flexible
|
|
PHP RPM. This issue is addressed in PHP 4. For PHP 3, we currently
|
|
suggest you use the mechanism described in the INSTALL.REDHAT file in
|
|
the PHP distribution. If you insist on using an RPM version of PHP 3,
|
|
read on...
|
|
|
|
The RPM packagers are setting up the RPMS to install without database
|
|
support to simplify installations and because RPMS use /usr/ instead of
|
|
the standard /usr/local/ directory for files. You need to tell the RPM
|
|
spec file which databases to support and the location of the top-level
|
|
of your database server.
|
|
|
|
This example will explain the process of adding support for the popular
|
|
MySQL database server, using the mod installation for Apache.
|
|
|
|
Of course all of this information can be adjusted for any database
|
|
server that PHP supports. We will assume you installed MySQL and Apache
|
|
completely with RPMS for this example as well.
|
|
|
|
* First remove mod_php3 :
|
|
|
|
rpm -e mod_php3
|
|
|
|
* Then get the source rpm and INSTALL it, NOT --rebuild
|
|
|
|
rpm -Uvh mod_php3-3.0.5-2.src.rpm
|
|
|
|
* Then edit the /usr/src/redhat/SPECS/mod_php3.spec file
|
|
In the %build section add the database support you want, and the
|
|
path.
|
|
For MySQL you would add --with-mysql=/usr The %build section will
|
|
look something like this:
|
|
|
|
./configure --prefix=/usr \
|
|
--with-apxs=/usr/sbin/apxs \
|
|
--with-config-file-path=/usr/lib \
|
|
--enable-debug=no \
|
|
--enable-safe-mode \
|
|
--with-exec-dir=/usr/bin \
|
|
--with-mysql=/usr \
|
|
--with-system-regex
|
|
|
|
* Once this modification is made then build the binary rpm as
|
|
follows:
|
|
|
|
rpm -bb /usr/src/redhat/SPECS/mod_php3.spec
|
|
|
|
* Then install the rpm
|
|
|
|
rpm -ivh /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/mod_php3-3.0.5-2.i386.rpm
|
|
|
|
Make sure you restart Apache, and you now have PHP 3 with MySQL support
|
|
using RPM's. Note that it is probably much easier to just build from
|
|
the distribution tarball of PHP 3 and follow the instructions in
|
|
INSTALL.REDHAT found in that distribution.
|
|
|
|
6. Unix: I patched Apache with the FrontPage extensions patch, and
|
|
suddenly PHP stopped working. Is PHP incompatible with the Apache
|
|
FrontPage extensions?
|
|
|
|
No, PHP works fine with the FrontPage extensions. The problem is that
|
|
the FrontPage patch modifies several Apache structures, that PHP relies
|
|
on. Recompiling PHP (using 'make clean ; make') after the FP patch is
|
|
applied would solve the problem.
|
|
|
|
7. Unix/Windows: I have installed PHP, but when I try to access a PHP
|
|
script file via my browser, I get a blank screen.
|
|
|
|
Do a 'view source' in the web browser and you will probably find that
|
|
you can see the source code of your PHP script. This means that the web
|
|
server did not send the script to PHP for interpretation. Something is
|
|
wrong with the server configuration - double check the server
|
|
configuration against the PHP installation instructions.
|
|
|
|
8. Unix/Windows: I have installed PHP, but when try to access a PHP
|
|
script file via my browser, I get a server 500 error.
|
|
|
|
Something went wrong when the server tried to run PHP. To get to see a
|
|
sensible error message, from the command line, change to the directory
|
|
containing the PHP executable (php.exe on Windows) and run php -i. If
|
|
PHP has any problems running, then a suitable error message will be
|
|
displayed which will give you a clue as to what needs to be done next.
|
|
If you get a screen full of HTML codes (the output of the phpinfo()
|
|
function) then PHP is working, and your problem may be related to your
|
|
server configuration which you should double check.
|
|
|
|
9. Some operating systems: I have installed PHP without errors, but
|
|
when I try to start apache I get undefined symbol errors:
|
|
[mybox:user /src/php4] root# apachectl configtest
|
|
apachectl: /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd Undefined symbols:
|
|
_compress
|
|
_uncompress
|
|
|
|
This has actually nothing to do with PHP, but with the MySQL client
|
|
libraries. Some need --with-zlib, others do not. This is also covered
|
|
in the MySQL FAQ.
|
|
|
|
10. Windows: I have installed PHP, but when I to access a PHP script
|
|
file via my browser, I get the error:
|
|
cgi error:
|
|
The specified CGI application misbehaved by not
|
|
returning a complete set of HTTP headers.
|
|
The headers it did return are:
|
|
|
|
This error message means that PHP failed to output anything at all. To
|
|
get to see a sensible error message, from the command line, change to
|
|
the directory containing the PHP executable (php.exe on Windows) and
|
|
run php -i. If PHP has any problems running, then a suitable error
|
|
message will be displayed which will give you a clue as to what needs
|
|
to be done next. If you get a screen full of HTML codes (the output of
|
|
the phpinfo() function) then PHP is working.
|
|
|
|
Once PHP is working at the command line, try accessing the script via
|
|
the browser again. If it still fails then it could be one of the
|
|
following:
|
|
|
|
* File permissions on your PHP script, php.exe, php4ts.dll, php.ini
|
|
or any PHP extensions you are trying to load are such that the
|
|
anonymous internet user ISUR_<machinename> cannot access them.
|
|
* The script file does not exist (or possibly isn't where you think
|
|
it is relative to your web root directory). Note that for IIS you
|
|
can trap this error by ticking the 'check file exists' box when
|
|
setting up the script mappings in the Internet Services Manager. If
|
|
a script file does not exist then the server will return a 404
|
|
error instead. There is also the additional benefit that IIS will
|
|
do any authentication required for you based on the NTLanMan
|
|
permissions on your script file.
|
|
|
|
11. Windows: I've followed all the instructions, but still can't get
|
|
PHP and IIS to work together!
|
|
|
|
Make sure any user who needs to run a PHP script has the rights to run
|
|
php.exe! IIS uses an anonymous user which is added at the time IIS is
|
|
installed. This user needs rights to php.exe. Also, any authenticated
|
|
user will also need rights to execute php.exe. And for IIS4 you need to
|
|
tell it that PHP is a script engine. Also, you will want to read this
|
|
faq.
|
|
|
|
12. When running PHP as CGI with IIS, PWS, OmniHTTPD or Xitami, I get
|
|
the following error: Security Alert! PHP CGI cannot be accessed
|
|
directly..
|
|
|
|
You must set the cgi.force_redirect directive to 0. It defaults to 1 so
|
|
be sure the directive isn't commented out (with a ;). Like all
|
|
directives, this is set in php.ini
|
|
|
|
Because the default is 1, it's critical that you're 100% sure that the
|
|
correct php.ini file is being read. Read this faq for details.
|
|
|
|
13. How do I know if my php.ini is being found and read? It seems like
|
|
it isn't as my changes aren't being implemented.
|
|
|
|
To be sure your php.ini is being read by PHP, make a call to phpinfo()
|
|
and near the top will be a listing called Configuration File (php.ini).
|
|
This will tell you where PHP is looking for php.ini and whether or not
|
|
it's being read. If just a directory PATH exists than it's not being
|
|
read and you should put your php.ini in that directory. If php.ini is
|
|
included within the PATH than it is being read.
|
|
|
|
If php.ini is being read and you're running PHP as a module, then be
|
|
sure to restart your web server after making changes to php.ini
|
|
|
|
14. How do I add my PHP directory to the PATH on Windows?
|
|
|
|
On Windows NT, 2000, XP and 2003:
|
|
|
|
* Go to Control Panel and open the System icon (Start -> Settings ->
|
|
Control Panel -> System, or just Start -> Control Panel -> System
|
|
for Windows XP/2003)
|
|
* Go to the Advanced tab
|
|
* Click on the 'Environment Variables' button
|
|
* Look into the 'System Variables' pane
|
|
* Find the Path entry (you may need to scroll to find it)
|
|
* Double click on the Path entry
|
|
* Enter your PHP directory at the end, including ';' before (e.g.
|
|
;C:\php)
|
|
* Press OK and restart your computer
|
|
|
|
On Windows 98/Me you need to edit the autoexec.bat file:
|
|
|
|
* Open the Notepad (Start -> Run and enter notepad)
|
|
* Open the C:\autoexec.bat file
|
|
* Locate the line with PATH=C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND;..... and
|
|
add: ;C:\php to the end of the line
|
|
* Save the file and restart your computer
|
|
|
|
Note: Be sure to reboot after following the steps above to ensure
|
|
that the PATH changes are applied.
|
|
|
|
The PHP manual used to promote the copying of files into the Windows
|
|
system directory, this is because this directory (C:\Windows, C:\WINNT,
|
|
etc.) is by default in the systems PATH. Copying files into the Windows
|
|
system directory has long since been deprecated and may cause problems.
|
|
|
|
15. How do I make the php.ini file available to PHP on windows?
|
|
|
|
There are several ways of doing this. If you are using Apache, read
|
|
their installation specific instructions (Apache 1, Apache 2),
|
|
otherwise you must set the PHPRC environment variable:
|
|
|
|
On Windows NT, 2000, XP and 2003:
|
|
|
|
* Go to Control Panel and open the System icon (Start -> Settings ->
|
|
Control Panel -> System, or just Start -> Control Panel -> System
|
|
for Windows XP/2003)
|
|
* Go to the Advanced tab
|
|
* Click on the 'Environment Variables' button
|
|
* Look into the 'System variables' pane
|
|
* Click on 'New' and enter 'PHPRC' as the variable name and the
|
|
directory where php.ini is located as the variable value (e.g.
|
|
C:\php)
|
|
* Press OK and restart your computer
|
|
|
|
On Windows 98/Me you need to edit the autoexec.bat file:
|
|
|
|
* Open the Notepad (Start -> Run and enter notepad)
|
|
* Open the C:\autoexec.bat file
|
|
* Add a new line to the end of the file: set PHPRC=C:\php (replace
|
|
C:\php with the directory where php.ini is located). Please note
|
|
that the path cannot contain spaces. For instance, if you have
|
|
installed PHP in C:\Program Files\PHP, you would enter
|
|
C:\PROGRA~1\PHP instead.
|
|
* Save the file and restart your computer
|
|
|
|
16. Is it possible to use Apache content negotiation (MultiViews
|
|
option) with PHP?
|
|
|
|
If links to PHP files include extension, everything works perfect. This
|
|
FAQ is only for the case when links to PHP files don't include
|
|
extension and you want to use content negotiation to choose PHP files
|
|
from URL with no extension. In this case, replace the line AddType
|
|
application/x-httpd-php .php with:
|
|
# PHP 4
|
|
AddHandler php-script php
|
|
AddType text/html php
|
|
|
|
# PHP 5
|
|
AddHandler php5-script php
|
|
AddType text/html php
|
|
|
|
This solution doesn't work for Apache 1 as PHP module doesn't catch
|
|
php-script.
|
|
|
|
17. Is PHP limited to process GET and POST request methods only?
|
|
|
|
No, it is possible to handle any request method, e.g. CONNECT. Proper
|
|
response status can be sent with header(). If only GET and POST methods
|
|
should be handled, it can be achieved with this Apache configuration:
|
|
<LimitExcept GET POST>
|
|
Deny from all
|
|
</LimitExcept>
|