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From Windows 10 Creators edition, the cluster size limit has been extended to 2MB. This has implied redefining the boot sector field "sectors_per_cluster" so that values greater than 128 can be recorded.
293 lines
7.3 KiB
Groff
293 lines
7.3 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright (c) 2001\-2006 Anton Altaparmakov.
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.\" Copyright (c) 2005 Richard Russon.
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.\" Copyright (c) 2005\-2006 Szabolcs Szakacsits.
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.\" This file may be copied under the terms of the GNU Public License.
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.\"
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.TH MKNTFS 8 "January 2006" "ntfs-3g @VERSION@"
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.SH NAME
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mkntfs \- create an NTFS file system
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B mkntfs
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[\fIoptions\fR] \fIdevice \fR[\fInumber\-of\-sectors\fR]
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.PP
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.B mkntfs
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[
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.B \-C
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]
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[
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.B \-c
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.I cluster\-size
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]
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[
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.B \-F
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]
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[
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.B \-f
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]
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[
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.B \-H
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.I heads
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]
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[
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.B \-h
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]
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[
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.B \-I
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]
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[
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.B \-L
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.I volume\-label
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]
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[
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.B \-l
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]
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[
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.B \-n
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]
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[
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.B \-p
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.I part\-start\-sect
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]
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[
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.B \-Q
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]
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[
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.B \-q
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]
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[
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.B \-S
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.I sectors\-per\-track
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]
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[
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.B \-s
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.I sector\-size
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]
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[
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.B \-T
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]
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[
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.B \-U
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]
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[
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.B \-V
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]
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[
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.B \-v
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]
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[
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.B \-z
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.I mft\-zone\-multiplier
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]
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[
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.B \-\-debug
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]
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.I device
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[
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.I number\-of\-sectors
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]
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.B mkntfs
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is used to create an NTFS file system on a device (usually a disk partition)
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or file.
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.I device
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is the special file corresponding to the device (e.g
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.IR /dev/hdXX ).
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.I number\-of\-sectors
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is the number of sectors on the device. If omitted,
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.B mkntfs
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automagically figures the file system size.
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.SH OPTIONS
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Below is a summary of all the options that
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.B mkntfs
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accepts. Nearly all options have two equivalent names. The short name is
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preceded by
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.B \-
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and the long name is preceded by
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.BR \-\- .
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Any single letter options, that don't take an argument, can be combined into a
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single command, e.g.
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.B \-fv
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is equivalent to
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.BR "\-f \-v" .
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Long named options can be abbreviated to any unique prefix of their name.
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.SS Basic options
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.TP
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\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-fast\fR, \fB\-Q\fR, \fB\-\-quick\fR
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Perform quick (fast) format. This will skip both zeroing of the volume and bad
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sector checking.
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.TP
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\fB\-L\fR, \fB\-\-label\fR STRING
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Set the volume label for the filesystem.
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.TP
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\fB\-C\fR, \fB\-\-enable\-compression\fR
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Enable compression on the volume.
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.TP
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\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-no\-action\fR
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Causes
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.B mkntfs
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to not actually create a filesystem, but display what it would do if it were
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to create a filesystem. All steps of the format are carried out except the
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actual writing to the device.
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.SS Advanced options
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.TP
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\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-cluster\-size\fR BYTES
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Specify the size of clusters in bytes. Valid cluster size values are powers of
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two, with at least 256, and at most 2097152 bytes (2MB) per cluster. If omitted,
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.B mkntfs
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uses 4096 bytes as the default cluster size.
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.sp
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Note that the default cluster size is set to be at least equal to the sector
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size as a cluster cannot be smaller than a sector. Also, note that values
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greater than 4096 have the side effect that compression is disabled on the
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volume (due to limitations in the NTFS compression algorithm currently in use
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by Windows).
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.TP
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\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sector\-size\fR BYTES
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Specify the size of sectors in bytes. Valid sector size values are 256, 512,
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1024, 2048 and 4096 bytes per sector. If omitted,
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.B mkntfs
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attempts to determine the
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.I sector\-size
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automatically and if that fails a default of 512 bytes per sector is used.
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.TP
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\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-partition\-start\fR SECTOR
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Specify the partition start sector. The maximum is 4294967295 (2^32\-1). If
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omitted,
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.B mkntfs
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attempts to determine
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.I part\-start\-sect
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automatically and if that fails or the value is oversized, a
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default of 0 is used. The partition is usable despite a wrong value,
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however note that a correct
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.I part\-start\-sect
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is required for Windows to be able to boot from the created volume.
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.TP
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\fB\-H\fR, \fB\-\-heads\fR NUM
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Specify the number of heads. The maximum is 65535 (0xffff). If omitted,
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.B mkntfs
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attempts to determine the number of
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.I heads
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automatically and if that fails a default of 0 is used. Note that
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.I heads
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is required for Windows to be able to boot from the created volume.
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.TP
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\fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-sectors\-per\-track\fR NUM
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Specify the number of sectors per track. The maximum is 65535 (0xffff). If
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omitted,
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.B mkntfs
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attempts to determine the number of
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.I sectors\-per\-track
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automatically and if that fails a default of 0 is used. Note that
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.I sectors\-per\-track
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is required for Windows to be able to boot from the created volume.
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.TP
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\fB\-z\fR, \fB\-\-mft\-zone\-multiplier\fR NUM
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Set the MFT zone multiplier, which determines the size of the MFT zone to use
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on the volume. The MFT zone is the area at the beginning of the volume reserved
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for the master file table (MFT), which stores the on disk inodes (MFT records).
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It is noteworthy that small files are stored entirely within the inode;
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thus, if you expect to use the volume for storing large numbers of very small
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files, it is useful to set the zone multiplier to a higher value. Note, that
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the MFT zone is resized on the fly as required during operation of the NTFS
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driver but choosing a good value will reduce fragmentation. Valid values
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are 1, 2, 3 and 4. The values have the following meaning:
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.TS
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box;
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lB lB
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lB lB
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c l.
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MFT zone MFT zone size
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multiplier (% of volume size)
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1 12.5% (default)
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2 25.0%
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3 37.5%
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4 50.0%
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.TE
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.sp
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.TP
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\fB\-T\fR, \fB\-\-zero\-time\fR
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Fake the time to be 00:00:00 UTC, Jan 1, 1970 instead of the current system
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time. This is only really useful for debugging purposes.
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.TP
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\fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-with\-uuid\fR
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Generate a random volume UUID.
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.TP
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\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-no\-indexing\fR
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Disable content indexing on the volume. (This is only meaningful on
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Windows 2000 and later. Windows NT 4.0 and earlier ignore this as they do
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not implement content indexing at all.)
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.TP
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\fB\-F\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR
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Force
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.B mkntfs
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to run, even if the specified
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.I device
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is not a block special device, or appears to be mounted.
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.SS Output options
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.TP
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\fB\-q\fR, \fB\-\-quiet\fR
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Quiet execution; only errors are written to stderr, no output to stdout
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occurs at all. Useful if
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.B mkntfs
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is run in a script.
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.TP
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\fB\-v\fR, \fB\-\-verbose\fR
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Verbose execution.
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.TP
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\fB\-\-debug\fR
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Really verbose execution; includes the verbose output from the
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.B \-v
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option as well as additional output useful for debugging
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.B mkntfs.
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.SS Help options
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.TP
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\fB\-V\fR, \fB\-\-version\fR
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Print the version number of
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.B mkntfs
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and exit.
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.TP
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\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-license\fR
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Print the licensing information of
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.B mkntfs
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and exit.
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.TP
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\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
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Show a list of options with a brief description of each one.
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.SH KNOWN ISSUES
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When applying chkdsk to a file system, it sometimes throws a warning
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"Correcting errors in the uppercase file." The uppercase file is created
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while formatting and it defines the mapping of lower case characters to
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upper case ones, as needed to sort file names in directories. The warning
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means that the uppercase file defined on the file system is not the same as
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the one used by the Windows OS on which chkdsk is running, and this may
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happen because newer versions of Windows take into account new characters
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defined by the Unicode consortium.
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.P
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Currently, mkntfs creates the uppercase table so that no warning is thrown
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by Windows Vista, Windows 7 or Windows 8. A warning may be thrown by
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other Windows versions, or if chkdsk is applied in succession on different
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Windows versions.
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.SH BUGS
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If you find a bug please send an email describing the problem to the
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development team:
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.br
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.nh
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ntfs\-3g\-devel@lists.sf.net
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.hy
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.SH AUTHORS
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.B mkntfs
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was written by Anton Altaparmakov, Richard Russon, Erik Sornes and Szabolcs Szakacsits.
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It was ported to ntfs-3g by Erik Larsson and Jean-Pierre Andre.
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.SH AVAILABILITY
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.B mkntfs
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is part of the
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.B ntfs-3g
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package and is available from:
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.br
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.nh
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http://www.tuxera.com/community/
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.hy
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.BR badblocks (8),
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.BR ntfsprogs (8)
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