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ntfs-3g/ntfsprogs/ntfsundelete.c
Jean-Pierre André e758709a2c Appended a number to undeleted file name to avoid overwriting an existing one 
When an undeleted file name conflicts with an existing one, it is
renamed in order to preserve the existing one.
2018-06-01 16:21:33 +02:00

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/**
* ntfsundelete - Part of the Linux-NTFS project.
*
* Copyright (c) 2002-2005 Richard Russon
* Copyright (c) 2004-2005 Holger Ohmacht
* Copyright (c) 2005 Anton Altaparmakov
* Copyright (c) 2007 Yura Pakhuchiy
* Copyright (c) 2013-2018 Jean-Pierre Andre
*
* This utility will recover deleted files from an NTFS volume.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program (in the main directory of the Linux-NTFS
* distribution in the file COPYING); if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
#include "config.h"
#ifdef HAVE_FEATURES_H
#include <features.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDIO_H
#include <stdio.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
#include <stdlib.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
#include <string.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
#include <errno.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
#include <sys/types.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
#include <sys/stat.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H
#include <fcntl.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
#include <getopt.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_TIME_H
#include <time.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
#include <limits.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_H
#include <stdarg.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_UTIME_H
#include <utime.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_REGEX_H
#include <regex.h>
#endif
#if !defined(REG_NOERROR) || (REG_NOERROR != 0)
#define REG_NOERROR 0
#endif
#ifndef REG_NOMATCH
#define REG_NOMATCH 1
#endif
#include "ntfsundelete.h"
#include "bootsect.h"
#include "mft.h"
#include "attrib.h"
#include "layout.h"
#include "inode.h"
#include "device.h"
#include "utils.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "ntfstime.h"
/* #include "version.h" */
#include "logging.h"
#include "misc.h"
#ifdef HAVE_WINDOWS_H
/*
* Replacements for functions which do not exist on Windows
*/
#define ftruncate(fd, size) ntfs_win32_ftruncate(fd, size)
#endif
static const char *EXEC_NAME = "ntfsundelete";
static const char *MFTFILE = "mft";
static const char *UNNAMED = "<unnamed>";
static const char *NONE = "<none>";
static const char *UNKNOWN = "unknown";
static struct options opts;
typedef struct
{
u32 begin;
u32 end;
} range;
static short with_regex; /* Flag Regular expression available */
static short avoid_duplicate_printing; /* Flag No duplicate printing of file infos */
static range *ranges; /* Array containing all Inode-Ranges for undelete */
static long nr_entries; /* Number of range entries */
#ifdef HAVE_WINDOWS_H
/*
* Replacement for strftime() on Windows
*
* strftime() on Windows uses format codes different from those
* defined in C99 sect. 7.23.3.5
* Use snprintf() instead.
*/
static int win32_strftime(char *buffer, int size, const char *format,
const struct tm *ptm)
{
int ret;
if (!strcmp(format, "%F %R"))
ret = snprintf(buffer, size, "%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d",
ptm->tm_year + 1900, ptm->tm_mon + 1, ptm->tm_mday,
ptm->tm_hour, ptm->tm_min);
else
ret = snprintf(buffer, size, "%4d-%02d-%02d",
ptm->tm_year + 1900, ptm->tm_mon + 1, ptm->tm_mday);
return (ret);
}
#define strftime(buf, sz, fmt, ptm) win32_strftime(buf, sz, fmt, ptm)
#endif
#ifndef HAVE_REGEX_H
/*
* Pattern matching routing for systems with no regex.
*/
typedef struct REGEX {
ntfschar *upcase;
u32 upcase_len;
int flags;
int pattern_len;
ntfschar pattern[1];
} *regex_t;
enum { REG_NOSUB = 1, REG_ICASE = 2 };
static BOOL patmatch(regex_t *re, const ntfschar *f, int flen,
const ntfschar *p, int plen, BOOL dot)
{
regex_t pre;
BOOL ok;
BOOL anyextens;
int i;
unsigned int c;
pre = *re;
if (pre->flags & REG_ICASE) {
while ((flen > 0) && (plen > 0)
&& ((*f == *p)
|| (*p == const_cpu_to_le16('?'))
|| ((c = le16_to_cpu(*f)) < pre->upcase_len
? pre->upcase[c] : *f) == *p)) {
flen--;
if (*f++ == const_cpu_to_le16('.'))
dot = TRUE;
plen--;
p++;
}
} else {
while ((flen > 0) && (plen > 0)
&& ((*f == *p) || (*p == const_cpu_to_le16('?')))) {
flen--;
if (*f++ == const_cpu_to_le16('.'))
dot = TRUE;
plen--;
p++;
}
}
if ((flen <= 0) && (plen <= 0))
ok = TRUE;
else {
ok = FALSE;
plen--;
if (*p++ == const_cpu_to_le16('*')) {
/* special case "*.*" requires the end or a dot */
anyextens = FALSE;
if ((plen == 2)
&& (p[0] == const_cpu_to_le16('.'))
&& (p[1] == const_cpu_to_le16('*'))
&& !dot) {
for (i=0; (i<flen) && !anyextens; i++)
if (f[i] == const_cpu_to_le16('.'))
anyextens = TRUE;
}
if (!plen || anyextens)
ok = TRUE;
else
while ((flen > 0) && !ok)
if (patmatch(re,f,flen,p,plen,dot))
ok = TRUE;
else {
flen--;
f++;
}
}
}
return (ok);
}
static int regcomp(regex_t *re, const char *pattern, int flags)
{
regex_t pre;
ntfschar *rp;
ntfschar *p;
unsigned int c;
int lth;
int i;
pre = (regex_t)malloc(sizeof(struct REGEX)
+ strlen(pattern)*sizeof(ntfschar));
*re = pre;
if (pre) {
pre->flags = flags;
pre->upcase_len = 0;
rp = pre->pattern;
lth = ntfs_mbstoucs(pattern, &rp);
pre->pattern_len = lth;
p = pre->pattern;
if (flags & REG_ICASE) {
for (i=0; i<lth; i++) {
c = le16_to_cpu(*p);
if (c < pre->upcase_len)
*p = pre->upcase[c];
p++;
}
}
}
return (*re && (lth > 0) ? 0 : -1);
}
static int regexec(regex_t *re, const ntfschar *uname, int len,
char *q __attribute__((unused)), int r __attribute__((unused)))
{
BOOL m;
m = patmatch(re, uname, len, (*re)->pattern, (*re)->pattern_len, FALSE);
return (m ? REG_NOERROR : REG_NOMATCH);
}
static void regfree(regex_t *re)
{
free(*re);
}
#endif
/**
* parse_inode_arg - parses the inode expression
*
* Parses the optarg after parameter -u for valid ranges
*
* Return: Number of correct inode specifications or -1 for error
*/
static int parse_inode_arg(void)
{
int p;
u32 range_begin;
u32 range_end;
u32 range_temp;
u32 inode;
char *opt_arg_ptr;
char *opt_arg_temp;
char *opt_arg_end1;
char *opt_arg_end2;
/* Check whether optarg is available or not */
nr_entries = 0;
if (optarg == NULL)
return (0); /* bailout if no optarg */
/* init variables */
p = strlen(optarg);
opt_arg_ptr = optarg;
opt_arg_end1 = optarg;
opt_arg_end2 = &(optarg[p]);
/* alloc mem for range table */
ranges = (range *) malloc((p + 1) * sizeof(range));
if (ranges == NULL) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't alloc mem for parsing inodes!\n");
return (-1);
}
/* loop */
while ((opt_arg_end1 != opt_arg_end2) && (p > 0)) {
/* Try to get inode */
inode = strtoul(opt_arg_ptr, &opt_arg_end1, 0);
p--;
/* invalid char at begin */
if ((opt_arg_ptr == opt_arg_end1) || (opt_arg_ptr == opt_arg_end2)) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Invalid Number: %s\n", opt_arg_ptr);
return (-1);
}
/* RANGE - Check for range */
if (opt_arg_end1[0] == '-') {
/* get range end */
opt_arg_temp = opt_arg_end1;
opt_arg_end1 = & (opt_arg_temp[1]);
if (opt_arg_temp >= opt_arg_end2) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Missing range end!\n");
return (-1);
}
range_begin = inode;
/* get count */
range_end = strtoul(opt_arg_end1, &opt_arg_temp, 0);
if (opt_arg_temp == opt_arg_end1) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Invalid Number: %s\n", opt_arg_temp);
return (-1);
}
/* check for correct values */
if (range_begin > range_end) {
range_temp = range_end;
range_end = range_begin;
range_begin = range_temp;
}
/* put into struct */
ranges[nr_entries].begin = range_begin;
ranges[nr_entries].end = range_end;
nr_entries++;
/* Last check */
opt_arg_ptr = & (opt_arg_temp[1]);
if (opt_arg_ptr >= opt_arg_end2)
break;
} else if (opt_arg_end1[0] == ',') {
/* SINGLE VALUE, BUT CONTINUING */
/* put inode into range list */
ranges[nr_entries].begin = inode;
ranges[nr_entries].end = inode;
nr_entries++;
/* Next inode */
opt_arg_ptr = & (opt_arg_end1[1]);
if (opt_arg_ptr >= opt_arg_end2) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Missing new value at end of input!\n");
return (-1);
}
continue;
} else { /* SINGLE VALUE, END */
ranges[nr_entries].begin = inode;
ranges[nr_entries].end = inode;
nr_entries++;
}
}
return (nr_entries);
}
/**
* version - Print version information about the program
*
* Print a copyright statement and a brief description of the program.
*
* Return: none
*/
static void version(void)
{
ntfs_log_info("\n%s v%s (libntfs-3g) - Recover deleted files from an "
"NTFS Volume.\n\n", EXEC_NAME, VERSION);
ntfs_log_info("Copyright (c) 2002-2005 Richard Russon\n"
"Copyright (c) 2004-2005 Holger Ohmacht\n"
"Copyright (c) 2005 Anton Altaparmakov\n"
"Copyright (c) 2007 Yura Pakhuchiy\n"
"Copyright (c) 2013-2018 Jean-Pierre Andre\n");
ntfs_log_info("\n%s\n%s%s\n", ntfs_gpl, ntfs_bugs, ntfs_home);
}
/**
* usage - Print a list of the parameters to the program
*
* Print a list of the parameters and options for the program.
*
* Return: none
*/
static void usage(void)
{
ntfs_log_info("\nUsage: %s [options] device\n"
" -s, --scan Scan for files (default)\n"
" -p, --percentage NUM Minimum percentage recoverable\n"
" -m, --match PATTERN Only work on files with matching names\n"
" -C, --case Case sensitive matching\n"
" -S, --size RANGE Match files of this size\n"
" -t, --time SINCE Last referenced since this time\n"
"\n"
" -u, --undelete Undelete mode\n"
" -i, --inodes RANGE Recover these inodes\n"
//" -I, --interactive Interactive mode\n"
" -o, --output FILE Save with this filename\n"
" -O, --optimistic Undelete in-use clusters as well\n"
" -d, --destination DIR Destination directory\n"
" -b, --byte NUM Fill missing parts with this byte\n"
" -T, --truncate Truncate 100%% recoverable file to exact size.\n"
" -P, --parent Show parent directory\n"
"\n"
" -c, --copy RANGE Write a range of MFT records to a file\n"
"\n"
" -f, --force Use less caution\n"
" -q, --quiet Less output\n"
" -v, --verbose More output\n"
" -V, --version Display version information\n"
" -h, --help Display this help\n\n",
EXEC_NAME);
ntfs_log_info("%s%s\n", ntfs_bugs, ntfs_home);
}
/**
* transform - Convert a shell style pattern to a regex
* @pattern: String to be converted
* @regex: Resulting regular expression is put here
*
* This will transform patterns, such as "*.doc" to true regular expressions.
* The function will also place '^' and '$' around the expression to make it
* behave as the user would expect
*
* Before After
* . \.
* * .*
* ? .
*
* Notes:
* The returned string must be freed by the caller.
* If transform fails, @regex will not be changed.
*
* Return: 1, Success, the string was transformed
* 0, An error occurred
*/
static int transform(const char *pattern, char **regex)
{
char *result;
int length, i;
#ifdef HAVE_REGEX_H
int j;
#endif
if (!pattern || !regex)
return 0;
length = strlen(pattern);
if (length < 1) {
ntfs_log_error("Pattern to transform is empty\n");
return 0;
}
for (i = 0; pattern[i]; i++) {
if ((pattern[i] == '*') || (pattern[i] == '.'))
length++;
}
result = malloc(length + 3);
if (!result) {
ntfs_log_error("Couldn't allocate memory in transform()\n");
return 0;
}
#ifdef HAVE_REGEX_H
result[0] = '^';
for (i = 0, j = 1; pattern[i]; i++, j++) {
if (pattern[i] == '*') {
result[j] = '.';
j++;
result[j] = '*';
} else if (pattern[i] == '.') {
result[j] = '\\';
j++;
result[j] = '.';
} else if (pattern[i] == '?') {
result[j] = '.';
} else {
result[j] = pattern[i];
}
}
result[j] = '$';
result[j+1] = 0;
ntfs_log_debug("Pattern '%s' replaced with regex '%s'.\n", pattern,
result);
#else
strcpy(result, pattern);
#endif
*regex = result;
return 1;
}
/**
* parse_time - Convert a time abbreviation to seconds
* @string: The string to be converted
* @since: The absolute time referred to
*
* Strings representing times will be converted into a time_t. The numbers will
* be regarded as seconds unless suffixed.
*
* Suffix Description
* [yY] Year
* [mM] Month
* [wW] Week
* [dD] Day
* [sS] Second
*
* Therefore, passing "1W" will return the time_t representing 1 week ago.
*
* Notes:
* Only the first character of the suffix is read.
* If parse_time fails, @since will not be changed
*
* Return: 1 Success
* 0 Error, the string was malformed
*/
static int parse_time(const char *value, time_t *since)
{
long long result;
time_t now;
char *suffix = NULL;
if (!value || !since)
return -1;
ntfs_log_trace("Parsing time '%s' ago.\n", value);
result = strtoll(value, &suffix, 10);
if (result < 0 || errno == ERANGE) {
ntfs_log_error("Invalid time '%s'.\n", value);
return 0;
}
if (!suffix) {
ntfs_log_error("Internal error, strtoll didn't return a suffix.\n");
return 0;
}
if (strlen(suffix) > 1) {
ntfs_log_error("Invalid time suffix '%s'. Use Y, M, W, D or H.\n", suffix);
return 0;
}
switch (suffix[0]) {
case 'y': case 'Y': result *= 12;
case 'm': case 'M': result *= 4;
case 'w': case 'W': result *= 7;
case 'd': case 'D': result *= 24;
case 'h': case 'H': result *= 3600;
case 0:
break;
default:
ntfs_log_error("Invalid time suffix '%s'. Use Y, M, W, D or H.\n", suffix);
return 0;
}
now = time(NULL);
ntfs_log_debug("Time now = %lld, Time then = %lld.\n", (long long) now,
(long long) result);
*since = now - result;
return 1;
}
/**
* parse_options - Read and validate the programs command line
*
* Read the command line, verify the syntax and parse the options.
* This function is very long, but quite simple.
*
* Return: 1 Success
* 0 Error, one or more problems
*/
static int parse_options(int argc, char *argv[])
{
static const char *sopt = "-b:Cc:d:fh?i:m:o:OPp:sS:t:TuqvV";
static const struct option lopt[] = {
{ "byte", required_argument, NULL, 'b' },
{ "case", no_argument, NULL, 'C' },
{ "copy", required_argument, NULL, 'c' },
{ "destination", required_argument, NULL, 'd' },
{ "force", no_argument, NULL, 'f' },
{ "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
{ "inodes", required_argument, NULL, 'i' },
//{ "interactive", no_argument, NULL, 'I' },
{ "match", required_argument, NULL, 'm' },
{ "optimistic", no_argument, NULL, 'O' },
{ "output", required_argument, NULL, 'o' },
{ "parent", no_argument, NULL, 'P' },
{ "percentage", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
{ "quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'q' },
{ "scan", no_argument, NULL, 's' },
{ "size", required_argument, NULL, 'S' },
{ "time", required_argument, NULL, 't' },
{ "truncate", no_argument, NULL, 'T' },
{ "undelete", no_argument, NULL, 'u' },
{ "verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v' },
{ "version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
{ NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
};
int c = -1;
char *end = NULL;
int err = 0;
int ver = 0;
int help = 0;
int levels = 0;
opterr = 0; /* We'll handle the errors, thank you. */
opts.mode = MODE_NONE;
opts.uinode = -1;
opts.percent = -1;
opts.fillbyte = -1;
while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, NULL)) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 1: /* A non-option argument */
if (!opts.device) {
opts.device = argv[optind-1];
} else {
opts.device = NULL;
err++;
}
break;
case 'b':
if (opts.fillbyte == (char)-1) {
end = NULL;
opts.fillbyte = strtol(optarg, &end, 0);
if (end && *end)
err++;
} else {
err++;
}
break;
case 'C':
opts.match_case++;
break;
case 'c':
if (opts.mode == MODE_NONE) {
if (!utils_parse_range(optarg,
&opts.mft_begin, &opts.mft_end, TRUE))
err++;
opts.mode = MODE_COPY;
} else {
opts.mode = MODE_ERROR;
}
break;
case 'd':
if (!opts.dest)
opts.dest = optarg;
else
err++;
break;
case 'f':
opts.force++;
break;
case 'h':
help++;
break;
case '?':
if (ntfs_log_parse_option (argv[optind-1]))
break;
ntfs_log_error("Unknown option '%s'.\n", argv[optind-1]);
err++;
break;
case 'i':
end = NULL;
/* parse inodes */
if (parse_inode_arg() == -1)
err++;
if (end && *end)
err++;
break;
case 'm':
if (!opts.match) {
if (!transform(optarg, &opts.match)) {
err++;
} else {
/* set regex-flag on true ;) */
with_regex= 1;
}
} else {
err++;
}
break;
case 'o':
if (!opts.output) {
opts.output = optarg;
} else {
err++;
}
break;
case 'O':
if (!opts.optimistic) {
opts.optimistic++;
} else {
err++;
}
break;
case 'P':
if (!opts.parent) {
opts.parent++;
} else {
err++;
}
break;
case 'p':
if (opts.percent == -1) {
end = NULL;
opts.percent = strtol(optarg, &end, 0);
if (end && ((*end != '%') && (*end != 0)))
err++;
} else {
err++;
}
break;
case 'q':
opts.quiet++;
ntfs_log_clear_levels(NTFS_LOG_LEVEL_QUIET);
break;
case 's':
if (opts.mode == MODE_NONE)
opts.mode = MODE_SCAN;
else
opts.mode = MODE_ERROR;
break;
case 'S':
if ((opts.size_begin > 0) || (opts.size_end > 0) ||
!utils_parse_range(optarg, &opts.size_begin,
&opts.size_end, TRUE)) {
err++;
}
break;
case 't':
if (opts.since == 0) {
if (!parse_time(optarg, &opts.since))
err++;
} else {
err++;
}
break;
case 'T':
opts.truncate++;
break;
case 'u':
if (opts.mode == MODE_NONE) {
opts.mode = MODE_UNDELETE;
} else {
opts.mode = MODE_ERROR;
}
break;
case 'v':
opts.verbose++;
ntfs_log_set_levels(NTFS_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE);
break;
case 'V':
ver++;
break;
default:
if (((optopt == 'b') || (optopt == 'c') ||
(optopt == 'd') || (optopt == 'm') ||
(optopt == 'o') || (optopt == 'p') ||
(optopt == 'S') || (optopt == 't') ||
(optopt == 'u')) && (!optarg)) {
ntfs_log_error("Option '%s' requires an argument.\n", argv[optind-1]);
} else {
ntfs_log_error("Unknown option '%s'.\n", argv[optind-1]);
}
err++;
break;
}
}
/* Make sure we're in sync with the log levels */
levels = ntfs_log_get_levels();
if (levels & NTFS_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
opts.verbose++;
if (!(levels & NTFS_LOG_LEVEL_QUIET))
opts.quiet++;
if (help || ver) {
opts.quiet = 0;
} else {
if (opts.device == NULL) {
if (argc > 1)
ntfs_log_error("You must specify exactly one device.\n");
err++;
}
if (opts.mode == MODE_NONE) {
opts.mode = MODE_SCAN;
}
switch (opts.mode) {
case MODE_SCAN:
if (opts.output || opts.dest || opts.truncate ||
(opts.fillbyte != (char)-1)) {
ntfs_log_error("Scan can only be used with --percent, "
"--match, --ignore-case, --size and --time.\n");
err++;
}
if (opts.match_case && !opts.match) {
ntfs_log_error("The --case option doesn't make sense without the --match option\n");
err++;
}
break;
case MODE_UNDELETE:
/*if ((opts.percent != -1) || (opts.size_begin > 0) || (opts.size_end > 0)) {
ntfs_log_error("Undelete can only be used with "
"--output, --destination, --byte and --truncate.\n");
err++;
}*/
break;
case MODE_COPY:
if ((opts.fillbyte != (char)-1) || opts.truncate ||
(opts.percent != -1) ||
opts.match || opts.match_case ||
(opts.size_begin > 0) ||
(opts.size_end > 0)) {
ntfs_log_error("Copy can only be used with --output and --destination.\n");
err++;
}
break;
default:
ntfs_log_error("You can only select one of Scan, Undelete or Copy.\n");
err++;
}
if ((opts.percent < -1) || (opts.percent > 100)) {
ntfs_log_error("Percentage value must be in the range 0 - 100.\n");
err++;
}
if (opts.quiet) {
if (opts.verbose) {
ntfs_log_error("You may not use --quiet and --verbose at the same time.\n");
err++;
} else if (opts.mode == MODE_SCAN) {
ntfs_log_error("You may not use --quiet when scanning a volume.\n");
err++;
}
}
if (opts.parent && !opts.verbose) {
ntfs_log_error("To use --parent, you must also use --verbose.\n");
err++;
}
}
if (opts.fillbyte == (char)-1)
opts.fillbyte = 0;
if (ver)
version();
if (help || err)
usage();
/* tri-state 0 : done, 1 : error, -1 : proceed */
return (err ? 1 : (help || ver ? 0 : -1));
}
/**
* free_file - Release the resources used by a file object
* @file: The unwanted file object
*
* This will free up the memory used by a file object and iterate through the
* object's children, freeing their resources too.
*
* Return: none
*/
static void free_file(struct ufile *file)
{
struct ntfs_list_head *item, *tmp;
if (!file)
return;
ntfs_list_for_each_safe(item, tmp, &file->name) {
/* List of filenames */
struct filename *f = ntfs_list_entry(item, struct filename, list);
ntfs_log_debug("freeing filename '%s'", f->name ? f->name :
NONE);
if (f->name)
free(f->name);
if (f->parent_name) {
ntfs_log_debug(" and parent filename '%s'",
f->parent_name);
free(f->parent_name);
}
ntfs_log_debug(".\n");
free(f);
}
ntfs_list_for_each_safe(item, tmp, &file->data) {
/* List of data streams */
struct data *d = ntfs_list_entry(item, struct data, list);
ntfs_log_debug("Freeing data stream '%s'.\n", d->name ?
d->name : UNNAMED);
if (d->name)
free(d->name);
if (d->runlist)
free(d->runlist);
free(d);
}
free(file->mft);
free(file);
}
/**
* verify_parent - confirm a record is parent of a file
* @name: a filename of the file
* @rec: the mft record of the possible parent
*
* Check that @rec is the parent of the file represented by @name.
* If @rec is a directory, but it is created after @name, then we
* can't determine whether @rec is really @name's parent.
*
* Return: @rec's filename, either same name space as @name or lowest space.
* NULL if can't determine parenthood or on error.
*/
static FILE_NAME_ATTR* verify_parent(struct filename* name, MFT_RECORD* rec)
{
ATTR_RECORD *attr30;
FILE_NAME_ATTR *filename_attr = NULL, *lowest_space_name = NULL;
ntfs_attr_search_ctx *ctx;
int found_same_space = 1;
if (!name || !rec)
return NULL;
if (!(rec->flags & MFT_RECORD_IS_DIRECTORY)) {
return NULL;
}
ctx = ntfs_attr_get_search_ctx(NULL, rec);
if (!ctx) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't create a search context.\n");
return NULL;
}
attr30 = find_attribute(AT_FILE_NAME, ctx);
if (!attr30) {
return NULL;
}
filename_attr = (FILE_NAME_ATTR*)((char*)attr30 + le16_to_cpu(attr30->value_offset));
/* if name is older than this dir -> can't determine */
if (ntfs2timespec(filename_attr->creation_time).tv_sec > name->date_c) {
return NULL;
}
if (filename_attr->file_name_type != name->name_space) {
found_same_space = 0;
lowest_space_name = filename_attr;
while (!found_same_space && (attr30 = find_attribute(AT_FILE_NAME, ctx))) {
filename_attr = (FILE_NAME_ATTR*)((char*)attr30 + le16_to_cpu(attr30->value_offset));
if (filename_attr->file_name_type == name->name_space) {
found_same_space = 1;
} else {
if (filename_attr->file_name_type < lowest_space_name->file_name_type) {
lowest_space_name = filename_attr;
}
}
}
}
ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
return (found_same_space ? filename_attr : lowest_space_name);
}
/**
* get_parent_name - Find the name of a file's parent.
* @name: the filename whose parent's name to find
*/
static void get_parent_name(struct filename* name, ntfs_volume* vol)
{
ntfs_attr* mft_data;
MFT_RECORD* rec;
FILE_NAME_ATTR* filename_attr;
long long inode_num;
if (!name || !vol)
return;
rec = calloc(1, vol->mft_record_size);
if (!rec) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't allocate memory in "
"get_parent_name()\n");
return;
}
mft_data = ntfs_attr_open(vol->mft_ni, AT_DATA, AT_UNNAMED, 0);
if (!mft_data) {
ntfs_log_perror("ERROR: Couldn't open $MFT/$DATA");
} else {
inode_num = MREF_LE(name->parent_mref);
if (ntfs_attr_pread(mft_data, vol->mft_record_size * inode_num,
vol->mft_record_size, rec) < 1) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't read MFT Record %lld"
".\n", inode_num);
} else if ((filename_attr = verify_parent(name, rec))) {
if (ntfs_ucstombs(filename_attr->file_name,
filename_attr->file_name_length,
&name->parent_name, 0) < 0) {
ntfs_log_debug("ERROR: Couldn't translate "
"filename to current "
"locale.\n");
name->parent_name = NULL;
}
}
}
if (mft_data) {
ntfs_attr_close(mft_data);
}
if (rec) {
free(rec);
}
return;
}
/*
* Rescue the last deleted name of a file
*
* Under some conditions, when a name is deleted and the MFT
* record is shifted to reclaim the space, the name is still
* present beyond the end of record.
*
* For this to be possible, the data record has to be small (less
* than 80 bytes), and there must be no other attributes.
* So only the names of plain unfragmented files can be rescued.
*
* Returns NULL when the name cannot be recovered.
*/
static struct filename *rescue_name(MFT_RECORD *mft, ntfs_attr_search_ctx *ctx)
{
ATTR_RECORD *rec;
struct filename *name;
int off_name;
int length;
int type;
name = (struct filename*)NULL;
ntfs_attr_reinit_search_ctx(ctx);
rec = find_attribute(AT_DATA, ctx);
if (rec) {
/*
* If the data attribute replaced the name attribute,
* the name itself is at offset 0x58 from the data attr.
* First be sure this location is within the unused part
* of the MFT record, then make extra checks.
*/
off_name = (long)rec - (long)mft + 0x58;
if ((off_name >= (int)le32_to_cpu(mft->bytes_in_use))
&& ((off_name + 4)
<= (int)le32_to_cpu(mft->bytes_allocated))) {
length = *((char*)mft + off_name);
type = *((char*)mft + off_name + 1);
/* check whether the name is fully allocated */
if ((type <= 3)
&& (length > 0)
&& ((off_name + 2*length + 2)
<= (int)le32_to_cpu(mft->bytes_allocated))) {
/* create a (partial) name record */
name = (struct filename*)
ntfs_calloc(sizeof(*name));
if (name) {
name->uname = (ntfschar*)
((char*)mft + off_name + 2);
name->uname_len = length;
name->name_space = type;
if (ntfs_ucstombs(name->uname, length,
&name->name, 0) < 0) {
free(name);
name = (struct filename*)NULL;
}
}
if (name && name->name)
ntfs_log_verbose("Recovered file name %s\n",
name->name);
}
}
}
return (name);
}
/**
* get_filenames - Read an MFT Record's $FILENAME attributes
* @file: The file object to work with
*
* A single file may have more than one filename. This is quite common.
* Windows creates a short DOS name for each long name, e.g. LONGFI~1.XYZ,
* LongFiLeName.xyZ.
*
* The filenames that are found are put in filename objects and added to a
* linked list of filenames in the file object. For convenience, the unicode
* filename is converted into the current locale and stored in the filename
* object.
*
* One of the filenames is picked (the one with the lowest numbered namespace)
* and its locale friendly name is put in pref_name.
*
* Return: n The number of $FILENAME attributes found
* -1 Error
*/
static int get_filenames(struct ufile *file, ntfs_volume* vol)
{
ATTR_RECORD *rec;
FILE_NAME_ATTR *attr;
ntfs_attr_search_ctx *ctx;
struct filename *name;
int count = 0;
int space = 4;
if (!file)
return -1;
ctx = ntfs_attr_get_search_ctx(NULL, file->mft);
if (!ctx)
return -1;
while ((rec = find_attribute(AT_FILE_NAME, ctx))) {
/* We know this will always be resident. */
attr = (FILE_NAME_ATTR *)((char *)rec +
le16_to_cpu(rec->value_offset));
name = calloc(1, sizeof(*name));
if (!name) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't allocate memory in "
"get_filenames().\n");
count = -1;
break;
}
name->uname = attr->file_name;
name->uname_len = attr->file_name_length;
name->name_space = attr->file_name_type;
name->size_alloc = sle64_to_cpu(attr->allocated_size);
name->size_data = sle64_to_cpu(attr->data_size);
name->flags = attr->file_attributes;
name->date_c = ntfs2timespec(attr->creation_time).tv_sec;
name->date_a = ntfs2timespec(attr->last_data_change_time).tv_sec;
name->date_m = ntfs2timespec(attr->last_mft_change_time).tv_sec;
name->date_r = ntfs2timespec(attr->last_access_time).tv_sec;
if (ntfs_ucstombs(name->uname, name->uname_len, &name->name,
0) < 0) {
ntfs_log_debug("ERROR: Couldn't translate filename to "
"current locale.\n");
}
name->parent_name = NULL;
if (opts.parent) {
name->parent_mref = attr->parent_directory;
get_parent_name(name, vol);
}
if (name->name_space < space) {
file->pref_name = name->name;
file->pref_pname = name->parent_name;
space = name->name_space;
}
file->max_size = max(file->max_size, name->size_alloc);
file->max_size = max(file->max_size, name->size_data);
ntfs_list_add_tail(&name->list, &file->name);
count++;
}
if (!count) {
name = rescue_name(file->mft,ctx);
if (name) {
/* a name was recovered, get missing attributes */
file->pref_name = name->name;
ntfs_attr_reinit_search_ctx(ctx);
rec = find_attribute(AT_STANDARD_INFORMATION, ctx);
if (rec) {
attr = (FILE_NAME_ATTR *)((char *)rec +
le16_to_cpu(rec->value_offset));
name->flags = attr->file_attributes;
name->date_c = ntfs2timespec(attr->creation_time).tv_sec;
name->date_a = ntfs2timespec(attr->last_data_change_time).tv_sec;
name->date_m = ntfs2timespec(attr->last_mft_change_time).tv_sec;
name->date_r = ntfs2timespec(attr->last_access_time).tv_sec;
}
rec = find_attribute(AT_DATA, ctx);
if (rec) {
attr = (FILE_NAME_ATTR *)((char *)rec +
le16_to_cpu(rec->value_offset));
name->size_alloc = sle64_to_cpu(attr->allocated_size);
name->size_data = sle64_to_cpu(attr->data_size);
}
ntfs_list_add_tail(&name->list, &file->name);
count++;
}
}
ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
ntfs_log_debug("File has %d names.\n", count);
return count;
}
/**
* get_data - Read an MFT Record's $DATA attributes
* @file: The file object to work with
* @vol: An ntfs volume obtained from ntfs_mount
*
* A file may have more than one data stream. All files will have an unnamed
* data stream which contains the file's data. Some Windows applications store
* extra information in a separate stream.
*
* The streams that are found are put in data objects and added to a linked
* list of data streams in the file object.
*
* Return: n The number of $FILENAME attributes found
* -1 Error
*/
static int get_data(struct ufile *file, ntfs_volume *vol)
{
ATTR_RECORD *rec;
ntfs_attr_search_ctx *ctx;
int count = 0;
struct data *data;
if (!file)
return -1;
ctx = ntfs_attr_get_search_ctx(NULL, file->mft);
if (!ctx)
return -1;
while ((rec = find_attribute(AT_DATA, ctx))) {
data = calloc(1, sizeof(*data));
if (!data) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't allocate memory in "
"get_data().\n");
count = -1;
break;
}
data->resident = !rec->non_resident;
data->compressed = (rec->flags & ATTR_IS_COMPRESSED) ? 1 : 0;
data->encrypted = (rec->flags & ATTR_IS_ENCRYPTED) ? 1 : 0;
if (rec->name_length) {
data->uname = (ntfschar *)((char *)rec +
le16_to_cpu(rec->name_offset));
data->uname_len = rec->name_length;
if (ntfs_ucstombs(data->uname, data->uname_len,
&data->name, 0) < 0) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Cannot translate name "
"into current locale.\n");
}
}
if (data->resident) {
data->size_data = le32_to_cpu(rec->value_length);
data->data = (char*)rec +
le16_to_cpu(rec->value_offset);
} else {
data->size_alloc = sle64_to_cpu(rec->allocated_size);
data->size_data = sle64_to_cpu(rec->data_size);
data->size_init = sle64_to_cpu(rec->initialized_size);
data->size_vcn = sle64_to_cpu(rec->highest_vcn) + 1;
}
data->runlist = ntfs_mapping_pairs_decompress(vol, rec, NULL);
if (!data->runlist) {
ntfs_log_debug("Couldn't decompress the data runs.\n");
}
file->max_size = max(file->max_size, data->size_data);
file->max_size = max(file->max_size, data->size_init);
ntfs_list_add_tail(&data->list, &file->data);
count++;
}
ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
ntfs_log_debug("File has %d data streams.\n", count);
return count;
}
/**
* read_record - Read an MFT record into memory
* @vol: An ntfs volume obtained from ntfs_mount
* @record: The record number to read
*
* Read the specified MFT record and gather as much information about it as
* possible.
*
* Return: Pointer A ufile object containing the results
* NULL Error
*/
static struct ufile * read_record(ntfs_volume *vol, long long record)
{
ATTR_RECORD *attr10, *attr20, *attr90;
struct ufile *file;
ntfs_attr *mft;
u32 log_levels;
if (!vol)
return NULL;
file = calloc(1, sizeof(*file));
if (!file) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't allocate memory in read_record()\n");
return NULL;
}
NTFS_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&file->name);
NTFS_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&file->data);
file->inode = record;
file->mft = malloc(vol->mft_record_size);
if (!file->mft) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't allocate memory in read_record()\n");
free_file(file);
return NULL;
}
mft = ntfs_attr_open(vol->mft_ni, AT_DATA, AT_UNNAMED, 0);
if (!mft) {
ntfs_log_perror("ERROR: Couldn't open $MFT/$DATA");
free_file(file);
return NULL;
}
if (ntfs_attr_mst_pread(mft, vol->mft_record_size * record, 1, vol->mft_record_size, file->mft) < 1) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't read MFT Record %lld.\n", record);
ntfs_attr_close(mft);
free_file(file);
return NULL;
}
ntfs_attr_close(mft);
mft = NULL;
/* disable errors logging, while examining suspicious records */
log_levels = ntfs_log_clear_levels(NTFS_LOG_LEVEL_PERROR);
attr10 = find_first_attribute(AT_STANDARD_INFORMATION, file->mft);
attr20 = find_first_attribute(AT_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, file->mft);
attr90 = find_first_attribute(AT_INDEX_ROOT, file->mft);
ntfs_log_debug("Attributes present: %s %s %s.\n", attr10?"0x10":"",
attr20?"0x20":"", attr90?"0x90":"");
if (attr10) {
STANDARD_INFORMATION *si;
si = (STANDARD_INFORMATION *) ((char *) attr10 + le16_to_cpu(attr10->value_offset));
file->date = ntfs2timespec(si->last_data_change_time).tv_sec;
}
if (attr20 || !attr10)
file->attr_list = 1;
if (attr90)
file->directory = 1;
if (get_filenames(file, vol) < 0) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't get filenames.\n");
}
if (get_data(file, vol) < 0) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't get data streams.\n");
}
/* restore errors logging */
ntfs_log_set_levels(log_levels);
return file;
}
/**
* calc_percentage - Calculate how much of the file is recoverable
* @file: The file object to work with
* @vol: An ntfs volume obtained from ntfs_mount
*
* Read through all the $DATA streams and determine if each cluster in each
* stream is still free disk space. This is just measuring the potential for
* recovery. The data may have still been overwritten by a another file which
* was then deleted.
*
* Files with a resident $DATA stream will have a 100% potential.
*
* N.B. If $DATA attribute spans more than one MFT record (i.e. badly
* fragmented) then only the data in this segment will be used for the
* calculation.
*
* N.B. Currently, compressed and encrypted files cannot be recovered, so they
* will return 0%.
*
* Return: n The percentage of the file that _could_ be recovered
* -1 Error
*/
static int calc_percentage(struct ufile *file, ntfs_volume *vol)
{
runlist_element *rl = NULL;
struct ntfs_list_head *pos;
struct data *data;
long long i, j;
long long start, end;
int clusters_inuse, clusters_free;
int percent = 0;
if (!file || !vol)
return -1;
if (file->directory) {
ntfs_log_debug("Found a directory: not recoverable.\n");
return 0;
}
if (ntfs_list_empty(&file->data)) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File has no data streams.\n");
return 0;
}
ntfs_list_for_each(pos, &file->data) {
data = ntfs_list_entry(pos, struct data, list);
clusters_inuse = 0;
clusters_free = 0;
if (data->encrypted) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File is encrypted, recovery is "
"impossible.\n");
continue;
}
if (data->compressed) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File is compressed, recovery not yet "
"implemented.\n");
continue;
}
if (data->resident) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File is resident, therefore "
"recoverable.\n");
percent = 100;
data->percent = 100;
continue;
}
rl = data->runlist;
if (!rl) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File has no runlist, hence no data."
"\n");
continue;
}
if (rl[0].length <= 0) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File has an empty runlist, hence no "
"data.\n");
continue;
}
if (rl[0].lcn == LCN_RL_NOT_MAPPED) { /* extended mft record */
ntfs_log_verbose("Missing segment at beginning, %lld "
"clusters\n", (long long)rl[0].length);
clusters_inuse += rl[0].length;
rl++;
}
for (i = 0; rl[i].length > 0; i++) {
if (rl[i].lcn == LCN_RL_NOT_MAPPED) {
ntfs_log_verbose("Missing segment at end, %lld "
"clusters\n",
(long long)rl[i].length);
clusters_inuse += rl[i].length;
continue;
}
if (rl[i].lcn == LCN_HOLE) {
clusters_free += rl[i].length;
continue;
}
start = rl[i].lcn;
end = rl[i].lcn + rl[i].length;
for (j = start; j < end; j++) {
if (utils_cluster_in_use(vol, j))
clusters_inuse++;
else
clusters_free++;
}
}
if ((clusters_inuse + clusters_free) == 0) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Unexpected error whilst "
"calculating percentage for inode %lld\n",
file->inode);
continue;
}
data->percent = (clusters_free * 100) /
(clusters_inuse + clusters_free);
percent = max(percent, data->percent);
}
ntfs_log_verbose("File is %d%% recoverable\n", percent);
return percent;
}
/**
* dump_record - Print everything we know about an MFT record
* @file: The file to work with
*
* Output the contents of the file object. This will print everything that has
* been read from the MFT record, or implied by various means.
*
* Because of the redundant nature of NTFS, there will be some duplication of
* information, though it will have been read from different sources.
*
* N.B. If the filename is missing, or couldn't be converted to the current
* locale, "<none>" will be displayed.
*
* Return: none
*/
static void dump_record(struct ufile *file)
{
char buffer[20];
struct ntfs_list_head *item;
int i;
if (!file)
return;
ntfs_log_quiet("MFT Record %lld\n", file->inode);
ntfs_log_quiet("Type: %s\n", (file->directory) ? "Directory" : "File");
strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%F %R", localtime(&file->date));
ntfs_log_quiet("Date: %s\n", buffer);
if (file->attr_list)
ntfs_log_quiet("Metadata may span more than one MFT record\n");
ntfs_list_for_each(item, &file->name) {
struct filename *f =
ntfs_list_entry(item, struct filename, list);
ntfs_log_quiet("Filename: (%d) %s\n", f->name_space, f->name);
ntfs_log_quiet("File Flags: ");
if (f->flags & FILE_ATTR_SYSTEM)
ntfs_log_quiet("System ");
if (f->flags & FILE_ATTR_DIRECTORY)
ntfs_log_quiet("Directory ");
if (f->flags & FILE_ATTR_SPARSE_FILE)
ntfs_log_quiet("Sparse ");
if (f->flags & FILE_ATTR_REPARSE_POINT)
ntfs_log_quiet("Reparse ");
if (f->flags & FILE_ATTR_COMPRESSED)
ntfs_log_quiet("Compressed ");
if (f->flags & FILE_ATTR_ENCRYPTED)
ntfs_log_quiet("Encrypted ");
if (!(f->flags & (FILE_ATTR_SYSTEM | FILE_ATTR_DIRECTORY |
FILE_ATTR_SPARSE_FILE | FILE_ATTR_REPARSE_POINT |
FILE_ATTR_COMPRESSED | FILE_ATTR_ENCRYPTED))) {
ntfs_log_quiet("%s", NONE);
}
ntfs_log_quiet("\n");
if (opts.parent) {
ntfs_log_quiet("Parent: %s\n", f->parent_name ?
f->parent_name : "<non-determined>");
}
ntfs_log_quiet("Size alloc: %lld\n", f->size_alloc);
ntfs_log_quiet("Size data: %lld\n", f->size_data);
strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%F %R",
localtime(&f->date_c));
ntfs_log_quiet("Date C: %s\n", buffer);
strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%F %R",
localtime(&f->date_a));
ntfs_log_quiet("Date A: %s\n", buffer);
strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%F %R",
localtime(&f->date_m));
ntfs_log_quiet("Date M: %s\n", buffer);
strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%F %R",
localtime(&f->date_r));
ntfs_log_quiet("Date R: %s\n", buffer);
}
ntfs_log_quiet("Data Streams:\n");
ntfs_list_for_each(item, &file->data) {
struct data *d = ntfs_list_entry(item, struct data, list);
ntfs_log_quiet("Name: %s\n", (d->name) ? d->name : UNNAMED);
ntfs_log_quiet("Flags: ");
if (d->resident) ntfs_log_quiet("Resident\n");
if (d->compressed) ntfs_log_quiet("Compressed\n");
if (d->encrypted) ntfs_log_quiet("Encrypted\n");
if (!d->resident && !d->compressed && !d->encrypted)
ntfs_log_quiet("None\n");
else
ntfs_log_quiet("\n");
ntfs_log_quiet("Size alloc: %lld\n", d->size_alloc);
ntfs_log_quiet("Size data: %lld\n", d->size_data);
ntfs_log_quiet("Size init: %lld\n", d->size_init);
ntfs_log_quiet("Size vcn: %lld\n", d->size_vcn);
ntfs_log_quiet("Data runs:\n");
if ((!d->runlist) || (d->runlist[0].length <= 0)) {
ntfs_log_quiet(" None\n");
} else {
for (i = 0; d->runlist[i].length > 0; i++) {
ntfs_log_quiet(" %lld @ %lld\n",
(long long)d->runlist[i].length,
(long long)d->runlist[i].lcn);
}
}
ntfs_log_quiet("Amount potentially recoverable %d%%\n",
d->percent);
}
ntfs_log_quiet("________________________________________\n\n");
}
/**
* list_record - Print a one line summary of the file
* @file: The file to work with
*
* Print a one line description of a file.
*
* Inode Flags %age Date Time Size Filename
*
* The output will contain the file's inode number (MFT Record), some flags,
* the percentage of the file that is recoverable, the last modification date,
* the size and the filename.
*
* The flags are F/D = File/Directory, N/R = Data is (Non-)Resident,
* C = Compressed, E = Encrypted, ! = Metadata may span multiple records.
*
* N.B. The file size is stored in many forms in several attributes. This
* display the largest it finds.
*
* N.B. If the filename is missing, or couldn't be converted to the current
* locale, "<none>" will be displayed.
*
* Return: none
*/
static void list_record(struct ufile *file)
{
char buffer[20];
struct ntfs_list_head *item;
const char *name = NULL;
long long size = 0;
int percent = 0;
char flagd = '.', flagr = '.', flagc = '.', flagx = '.';
strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%F %R", localtime(&file->date));
if (file->attr_list)
flagx = '!';
if (file->directory)
flagd = 'D';
else
flagd = 'F';
ntfs_list_for_each(item, &file->data) {
struct data *d = ntfs_list_entry(item, struct data, list);
if (!d->name) {
if (d->resident)
flagr = 'R';
else
flagr = 'N';
if (d->compressed)
flagc = 'C';
if (d->encrypted)
flagc = 'E';
percent = max(percent, d->percent);
}
size = max(size, d->size_data);
size = max(size, d->size_init);
}
if (file->pref_name)
name = file->pref_name;
else
name = NONE;
ntfs_log_quiet("%-8lld %c%c%c%c %3d%% %s %9lld %s\n",
file->inode, flagd, flagr, flagc, flagx,
percent, buffer, size, name);
}
/**
* name_match - Does a file have a name matching a regex
* @re: The regular expression object
* @file: The file to be tested
*
* Iterate through the file's $FILENAME attributes and compare them against the
* regular expression, created with regcomp.
*
* Return: 1 There is a matching filename.
* 0 There is no match.
*/
static int name_match(regex_t *re, struct ufile *file)
{
struct ntfs_list_head *item;
int result;
if (!re || !file)
return 0;
ntfs_list_for_each(item, &file->name) {
struct filename *f =
ntfs_list_entry(item, struct filename, list);
if (!f->name)
continue;
#ifdef HAVE_REGEX_H
result = regexec(re, f->name, 0, NULL, 0);
#else
result = regexec(re, f->uname, f->uname_len, NULL, 0);
#endif
if (result < 0) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't compare filename with regex");
return 0;
} else if (result == REG_NOERROR) {
ntfs_log_debug("Found a matching filename.\n");
return 1;
}
}
ntfs_log_debug("Filename '%s' doesn't match regex.\n", file->pref_name);
return 0;
}
/**
* write_data - Write out a block of data
* @fd: File descriptor to write to
* @buffer: Data to write
* @bufsize: Amount of data to write
*
* Write a block of data to a file descriptor.
*
* Return: -1 Error, something went wrong
* 0 Success, all the data was written
*/
static unsigned int write_data(int fd, const char *buffer,
unsigned int bufsize)
{
ssize_t result1, result2;
if (!buffer) {
errno = EINVAL;
return -1;
}
result1 = write(fd, buffer, bufsize);
if ((result1 == (ssize_t) bufsize) || (result1 < 0))
return result1;
/* Try again with the rest of the buffer */
buffer += result1;
bufsize -= result1;
result2 = write(fd, buffer, bufsize);
if (result2 < 0)
return result1;
return result1 + result2;
}
/**
* create_pathname - Create a path/file from some components
* @dir: Directory in which to create the file (optional)
* @name: Filename to give the file (optional)
* @stream: Name of the stream (optional)
* @buffer: Store the result here
* @bufsize: Size of buffer
*
* Create a filename from various pieces. The output will be of the form:
* dir/file
* dir/file:stream
* file
* file:stream
*
* All the components are optional. If the name is missing, "unknown" will be
* used. If the directory is missing the file will be created in the current
* directory. If the stream name is present it will be appended to the
* filename, delimited by a colon.
*
* N.B. If the buffer isn't large enough the name will be truncated.
*
* Return: n Length of the allocated name
*/
static int create_pathname(const char *dir, const char *name,
const char *stream, char *buffer, int bufsize)
{
struct stat st;
int s;
int len;
int suffix;
if (!name)
name = UNKNOWN;
if (dir) {
#ifdef HAVE_WINDOWS_H
if (stream)
snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "%s\\%s:%s", dir, name,
stream);
else
snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "%s\\%s", dir, name);
#else
if (stream)
snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "%s/%s:%s", dir, name,
stream);
else
snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "%s/%s", dir, name);
#endif
} else
if (stream)
snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "%s:%s", name, stream);
else
snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "%s", name);
len = strlen(buffer);
suffix = 0;
#ifdef HAVE_WINDOWS_H
s = stat(buffer, &st);
#else
s = lstat(buffer, &st);
#endif
while (!s && (suffix < 999)) {
suffix++;
snprintf(&buffer[len], bufsize - len, ".%d", suffix);
#ifdef HAVE_WINDOWS_H
s = stat(buffer, &st);
#else
s = lstat(buffer, &st);
#endif
}
return strlen(buffer);
}
/**
* open_file - Open a file to write to
* @pathname: Path, name and stream of the file to open
*
* Create a file and return the file descriptor.
*
* N.B. If option force is given and existing file will be overwritten.
*
* Return: -1 Error, failed to create the file
* n Success, this is the file descriptor
*/
static int open_file(const char *pathname)
{
int flags;
ntfs_log_verbose("Creating file: %s\n", pathname);
if (opts.force)
flags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC;
else
flags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL;
#ifdef HAVE_WINDOWS_H
flags ^= O_BINARY | O_RDWR | O_WRONLY;
#endif
return open(pathname, flags, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
}
/**
* set_date - Set the file's date and time
* @pathname: Path and name of the file to alter
* @date: Date and time to set
*
* Give a file a particular date and time.
*
* Return: 1 Success, set the file's date and time
* 0 Error, failed to change the file's date and time
*/
static int set_date(const char *pathname, time_t date)
{
struct utimbuf ut;
if (!pathname)
return 0;
ut.actime = date;
ut.modtime = date;
if (utime(pathname, &ut)) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't set the file's date and time\n");
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
/**
* undelete_file - Recover a deleted file from an NTFS volume
* @vol: An ntfs volume obtained from ntfs_mount
* @inode: MFT Record number to be recovered
*
* Read an MFT Record and try an recover any data associated with it. Some of
* the clusters may be in use; these will be filled with zeros or the fill byte
* supplied in the options.
*
* Each data stream will be recovered and saved to a file. The file's name will
* be the original filename and it will be written to the current directory.
* Any named data stream will be saved as filename:streamname.
*
* The output file's name and location can be altered by using the command line
* options.
*
* N.B. We cannot tell if someone has overwritten some of the data since the
* file was deleted.
*
* Return: 0 Error, something went wrong
* 1 Success, the data was recovered
*/
static int undelete_file(ntfs_volume *vol, long long inode)
{
char pathname[256];
char *buffer = NULL;
unsigned int bufsize;
struct ufile *file;
int i, j;
long long start, end;
runlist_element *rl;
struct ntfs_list_head *item;
int fd = -1;
long long k;
int result = 0;
char *name;
long long cluster_count; /* I'll need this variable (see below). +mabs */
if (!vol)
return 0;
/* try to get record */
file = read_record(vol, inode);
if (!file || !file->mft) {
ntfs_log_error("Can't read info from mft record %lld.\n", inode);
return 0;
}
/* if flag was not set, print file informations */
if (avoid_duplicate_printing == 0) {
if (opts.verbose) {
dump_record(file);
} else {
list_record(file);
//ntfs_log_quiet("\n");
}
}
bufsize = vol->cluster_size;
buffer = malloc(bufsize);
if (!buffer)
goto free;
/* calc_percentage() must be called before dump_record() or
* list_record(). Otherwise, when undeleting, a file will always be
* listed as 0% recoverable even if successfully undeleted. +mabs
*/
if (file->mft->flags & MFT_RECORD_IN_USE) {
ntfs_log_error("Record is in use by the mft\n");
if (!opts.force) {
free(buffer);
free_file(file);
return 0;
}
ntfs_log_verbose("Forced to continue.\n");
}
if (calc_percentage(file, vol) == 0) {
ntfs_log_quiet("File has no recoverable data.\n");
goto free;
}
if (ntfs_list_empty(&file->data)) {
ntfs_log_quiet("File has no data. There is nothing to recover.\n");
goto free;
}
ntfs_list_for_each(item, &file->data) {
struct data *d = ntfs_list_entry(item, struct data, list);
char defname[sizeof(UNKNOWN) + 25];
if (opts.output)
name = opts.output;
else
if (file->pref_name)
name = file->pref_name;
else {
sprintf(defname,"%s%lld",UNKNOWN,
(long long)file->inode);
name = defname;
}
create_pathname(opts.dest, name, d->name, pathname, sizeof(pathname));
if (d->resident) {
fd = open_file(pathname);
if (fd < 0) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't create file %s",
pathname);
goto free;
}
ntfs_log_verbose("File has resident data.\n");
if (write_data(fd, d->data, d->size_data) < d->size_data) {
ntfs_log_perror("Write failed");
close(fd);
goto free;
}
if (close(fd) < 0) {
ntfs_log_perror("Close failed");
}
fd = -1;
} else {
rl = d->runlist;
if (!rl) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File has no runlist, hence no data.\n");
continue;
}
if (rl[0].length <= 0) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File has an empty runlist, hence no data.\n");
continue;
}
fd = open_file(pathname);
if (fd < 0) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't create file %s",
pathname);
goto free;
}
if (rl[0].lcn == LCN_RL_NOT_MAPPED) { /* extended mft record */
ntfs_log_verbose("Missing segment at beginning, %lld "
"clusters.\n",
(long long)rl[0].length);
memset(buffer, opts.fillbyte, bufsize);
for (k = 0; k < rl[0].length * vol->cluster_size; k += bufsize) {
if (write_data(fd, buffer, bufsize) < bufsize) {
ntfs_log_perror("Write failed");
close(fd);
goto free;
}
}
}
cluster_count = 0LL;
for (i = 0; rl[i].length > 0; i++) {
if (rl[i].lcn == LCN_RL_NOT_MAPPED) {
ntfs_log_verbose("Missing segment at end, "
"%lld clusters.\n",
(long long)rl[i].length);
memset(buffer, opts.fillbyte, bufsize);
for (k = 0; k < rl[i].length * vol->cluster_size; k += bufsize) {
if (write_data(fd, buffer, bufsize) < bufsize) {
ntfs_log_perror("Write failed");
close(fd);
goto free;
}
cluster_count++;
}
continue;
}
if (rl[i].lcn == LCN_HOLE) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File has a sparse section.\n");
memset(buffer, 0, bufsize);
for (k = 0; k < rl[i].length * vol->cluster_size; k += bufsize) {
if (write_data(fd, buffer, bufsize) < bufsize) {
ntfs_log_perror("Write failed");
close(fd);
goto free;
}
}
continue;
}
start = rl[i].lcn;
end = rl[i].lcn + rl[i].length;
for (j = start; j < end; j++) {
if (utils_cluster_in_use(vol, j) && !opts.optimistic) {
memset(buffer, opts.fillbyte, bufsize);
if (write_data(fd, buffer, bufsize) < bufsize) {
ntfs_log_perror("Write failed");
close(fd);
goto free;
}
} else {
if (ntfs_cluster_read(vol, j, 1, buffer) < 1) {
ntfs_log_perror("Read failed");
close(fd);
goto free;
}
if (write_data(fd, buffer, bufsize) < bufsize) {
ntfs_log_perror("Write failed");
close(fd);
goto free;
}
cluster_count++;
}
}
}
ntfs_log_quiet("\n");
/*
* The following block of code implements the --truncate option.
* Its semantics are as follows:
* IF opts.truncate is set AND data stream currently being recovered is
* non-resident AND data stream has no holes (100% recoverability) AND
* 0 <= (data->size_alloc - data->size_data) <= vol->cluster_size AND
* cluster_count * vol->cluster_size == data->size_alloc THEN file
* currently being written is truncated to data->size_data bytes before
* it's closed.
* This multiple checks try to ensure that only files with consistent
* values of size/occupied clusters are eligible for truncation. Note
* that resident streams need not be truncated, since the original code
* already recovers their exact length. +mabs
*/
if (opts.truncate) {
if (d->percent == 100 && d->size_alloc >= d->size_data &&
(d->size_alloc - d->size_data) <= (long long)vol->cluster_size &&
cluster_count * (long long)vol->cluster_size == d->size_alloc) {
if (ftruncate(fd, (off_t)d->size_data))
ntfs_log_perror("Truncation failed");
} else ntfs_log_quiet("Truncation not performed because file has an "
"inconsistent $MFT record.\n");
}
if (close(fd) < 0) {
ntfs_log_perror("Close failed");
}
fd = -1;
}
set_date(pathname, file->date);
if (d->name)
ntfs_log_quiet("Undeleted '%s:%s' successfully to %s.\n",
file->pref_name, d->name, pathname);
else
ntfs_log_quiet("Undeleted '%s' successfully to %s.\n",
file->pref_name, pathname);
}
result = 1;
free:
if (buffer)
free(buffer);
free_file(file);
return result;
}
/**
* scan_disk - Search an NTFS volume for files that could be undeleted
* @vol: An ntfs volume obtained from ntfs_mount
*
* Read through all the MFT entries looking for deleted files. For each one
* determine how much of the data lies in unused disk space.
*
* The list can be filtered by name, size and date, using command line options.
*
* Return: -1 Error, something went wrong
* n Success, the number of recoverable files
*/
static int scan_disk(ntfs_volume *vol)
{
s64 nr_mft_records;
const int BUFSIZE = 8192;
char *buffer = NULL;
int results = 0;
ntfs_attr *attr;
long long size;
long long bmpsize;
long long i;
int j, k, b;
int percent;
struct ufile *file;
regex_t re;
if (!vol)
return -1;
attr = ntfs_attr_open(vol->mft_ni, AT_BITMAP, AT_UNNAMED, 0);
if (!attr) {
ntfs_log_perror("ERROR: Couldn't open $MFT/$BITMAP");
return -1;
}
NVolSetNoFixupWarn(vol);
bmpsize = attr->initialized_size;
buffer = malloc(BUFSIZE);
if (!buffer) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't allocate memory in scan_disk()\n");
results = -1;
goto out;
}
if (opts.match) {
int flags = REG_NOSUB;
if (!opts.match_case)
flags |= REG_ICASE;
if (regcomp(&re, opts.match, flags)) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't create a regex.\n");
goto out;
}
#ifndef HAVE_REGEX_H
re->upcase = vol->upcase;
re->upcase_len = vol->upcase_len;
#endif
}
nr_mft_records = vol->mft_na->initialized_size >>
vol->mft_record_size_bits;
ntfs_log_quiet("Inode Flags %%age Date Time Size Filename\n");
ntfs_log_quiet("-----------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
for (i = 0; i < bmpsize; i += BUFSIZE) {
long long read_count = min((bmpsize - i), BUFSIZE);
size = ntfs_attr_pread(attr, i, read_count, buffer);
if (size < 0)
break;
for (j = 0; j < size; j++) {
b = buffer[j];
for (k = 0; k < 8; k++, b>>=1) {
if (((i+j)*8+k) >= nr_mft_records)
goto done;
if (b & 1)
continue;
file = read_record(vol, (i+j)*8+k);
if (!file) {
ntfs_log_error("Couldn't read MFT Record %lld.\n",
(long long)(i+j)*8+k);
continue;
}
if ((opts.since > 0) && (file->date <= opts.since))
goto skip;
if (opts.match && !name_match(&re, file))
goto skip;
if (opts.size_begin && (opts.size_begin > file->max_size))
goto skip;
if (opts.size_end && (opts.size_end < file->max_size))
goto skip;
percent = calc_percentage(file, vol);
if ((opts.percent == -1) || (percent >= opts.percent)) {
if (opts.verbose)
dump_record(file);
else
list_record(file);
/* Was -u specified with no inode
so undelete file by regex */
if (opts.mode == MODE_UNDELETE) {
if (!undelete_file(vol, file->inode))
ntfs_log_verbose("ERROR: Failed to undelete "
"inode %lli\n!",
file->inode);
ntfs_log_info("\n");
}
}
if (((opts.percent == -1) && (percent > 0)) ||
((opts.percent > 0) && (percent >= opts.percent))) {
results++;
}
skip:
free_file(file);
}
}
}
done:
ntfs_log_quiet("\nFiles with potentially recoverable content: %d\n",
results);
out:
if (opts.match)
regfree(&re);
free(buffer);
NVolClearNoFixupWarn(vol);
if (attr)
ntfs_attr_close(attr);
return results;
}
/**
* copy_mft - Write a range of MFT Records to a file
* @vol: An ntfs volume obtained from ntfs_mount
* @mft_begin: First MFT Record to save
* @mft_end: Last MFT Record to save
*
* Read a number of MFT Records and write them to a file.
*
* Return: 0 Success, all the records were written
* 1 Error, something went wrong
*/
static int copy_mft(ntfs_volume *vol, long long mft_begin, long long mft_end)
{
s64 nr_mft_records;
char pathname[256];
ntfs_attr *mft;
char *buffer;
const char *name;
long long i;
int result = 1;
int fd;
if (!vol)
return 1;
if (mft_end < mft_begin) {
ntfs_log_error("Range to copy is backwards.\n");
return 1;
}
buffer = malloc(vol->mft_record_size);
if (!buffer) {
ntfs_log_error("Couldn't allocate memory in copy_mft()\n");
return 1;
}
mft = ntfs_attr_open(vol->mft_ni, AT_DATA, AT_UNNAMED, 0);
if (!mft) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't open $MFT/$DATA");
goto free;
}
name = opts.output;
if (!name) {
name = MFTFILE;
ntfs_log_debug("No output filename, defaulting to '%s'.\n",
name);
}
create_pathname(opts.dest, name, NULL, pathname, sizeof(pathname));
fd = open_file(pathname);
if (fd < 0) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't create output file '%s'", name);
goto attr;
}
nr_mft_records = vol->mft_na->initialized_size >>
vol->mft_record_size_bits;
mft_end = min(mft_end, nr_mft_records - 1);
ntfs_log_debug("MFT records:\n");
ntfs_log_debug("\tTotal: %8lld\n", (long long)nr_mft_records);
ntfs_log_debug("\tBegin: %8lld\n", mft_begin);
ntfs_log_debug("\tEnd: %8lld\n", mft_end);
for (i = mft_begin; i <= mft_end; i++) {
if (ntfs_attr_pread(mft, vol->mft_record_size * i,
vol->mft_record_size, buffer) < vol->mft_record_size) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't read MFT Record %lld", i);
goto close;
}
if (write_data(fd, buffer, vol->mft_record_size) < vol->mft_record_size) {
ntfs_log_perror("Write failed");
goto close;
}
}
ntfs_log_verbose("Read %lld MFT Records\n", mft_end - mft_begin + 1);
ntfs_log_quiet("MFT extracted to file %s\n", pathname);
result = 0;
close:
close(fd);
attr:
ntfs_attr_close(mft);
free:
free(buffer);
return result;
}
/**
* handle_undelete
*
* Handles the undelete
*/
static int handle_undelete(ntfs_volume *vol)
{
int result = 1;
int i;
unsigned long long inode;
/* Check whether (an) inode(s) was specified or at least a regex! */
if (nr_entries == 0) {
if (with_regex == 0) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: NO inode(s) AND NO match-regex "
"specified!\n");
} else {
avoid_duplicate_printing= 1;
result = !scan_disk(vol);
if (result)
ntfs_log_verbose("ERROR: Failed to scan device "
"'%s'.\n", opts.device);
}
} else {
/* Normal undelete by specifying inode(s) */
ntfs_log_quiet("Inode Flags %%age Date Size Filename\n");
ntfs_log_quiet("---------------------------------------------------------------\n");
/* loop all given inodes */
for (i = 0; i < nr_entries; i++) {
for (inode = ranges[i].begin; inode <= ranges[i].end; inode ++) {
/* Now undelete file */
result = !undelete_file(vol, inode);
if (result)
ntfs_log_verbose("ERROR: Failed to "
"undelete inode %lli\n!", inode);
}
}
}
return (result);
}
/**
* main - Begin here
*
* Start from here.
*
* Return: 0 Success, the program worked
* 1 Error, something went wrong
*/
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
ntfs_volume *vol;
int result = 1;
ntfs_log_set_handler(ntfs_log_handler_outerr);
with_regex = 0;
avoid_duplicate_printing = 0;
result = parse_options(argc, argv);
if (result >= 0)
goto free;
utils_set_locale();
vol = utils_mount_volume(opts.device, NTFS_MNT_RDONLY |
(opts.force ? NTFS_MNT_RECOVER : 0));
if (!vol)
return 1;
/* handling of the different modes */
switch (opts.mode) {
/* Scanning */
case MODE_SCAN:
result = !scan_disk(vol);
if (result)
ntfs_log_verbose("ERROR: Failed to scan device '%s'.\n",
opts.device);
break;
/* Undelete-handling */
case MODE_UNDELETE:
result= handle_undelete(vol);
break;
/* Handling of copy mft */
case MODE_COPY:
result = !copy_mft(vol, opts.mft_begin, opts.mft_end);
if (result)
ntfs_log_verbose("ERROR: Failed to read MFT blocks "
"%lld-%lld.\n", (long long)opts.mft_begin,
(long long)min((vol->mft_na->initialized_size >>
vol->mft_record_size_bits) , opts.mft_end));
break;
default:
; /* Cannot happen */
}
ntfs_umount(vol, FALSE);
free:
if (opts.match)
free(opts.match);
return result;
}
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