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ntfs-3g/ntfsprogs/ntfsundelete.c
Erik Larsson 62b5c91420 Fix compiler warnings about mismatching printf format / argument type. 
For 64-bit (e.g. x86_64) Linux the 64-bit wide types resolve to long,
not long long as is the case in 32-bit (e.g. i386) Linux. So we need an
explicit cast to long long for 64-bit types since the format string must
specify the 'll' modifier in order to print 64-bit values.
2016-02-16 09:30:49 +01:00

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/**
* ntfsundelete - Part of the Linux-NTFS project.
*
* Copyright (c) 2002-2005 Richard Russon
* Copyright (c) 2004-2005 Holger Ohmacht
* Copyright (c) 2005 Anton Altaparmakov
* Copyright (c) 2007 Yura Pakhuchiy
* Copyright (c) 2013-2014 Jean-Pierre Andre
*
* This utility will recover deleted files from an NTFS volume.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program (in the main directory of the Linux-NTFS
* distribution in the file COPYING); if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
#include "config.h"
#ifdef HAVE_FEATURES_H
#include <features.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDIO_H
#include <stdio.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
#include <stdlib.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
#include <string.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
#include <errno.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
#include <sys/types.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
#include <sys/stat.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H
#include <fcntl.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_H
#include <getopt.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_TIME_H
#include <time.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
#include <limits.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDARG_H
#include <stdarg.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_UTIME_H
#include <utime.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_REGEX_H
#include <regex.h>
#endif
#if !defined(REG_NOERROR) || (REG_NOERROR != 0)
#define REG_NOERROR 0
#endif
#ifndef REG_NOMATCH
#define REG_NOMATCH 1
#endif
#include "ntfsundelete.h"
#include "bootsect.h"
#include "mft.h"
#include "attrib.h"
#include "layout.h"
#include "inode.h"
#include "device.h"
#include "utils.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "ntfstime.h"
/* #include "version.h" */
#include "logging.h"
#include "misc.h"
#ifdef HAVE_WINDOWS_H
/*
* Replacements for functions which do not exist on Windows
*/
#define ftruncate(fd, size) ntfs_win32_ftruncate(fd, size)
#endif
static const char *EXEC_NAME = "ntfsundelete";
static const char *MFTFILE = "mft";
static const char *UNNAMED = "<unnamed>";
static const char *NONE = "<none>";
static const char *UNKNOWN = "unknown";
static struct options opts;
typedef struct
{
u32 begin;
u32 end;
} range;
static short with_regex; /* Flag Regular expression available */
static short avoid_duplicate_printing; /* Flag No duplicate printing of file infos */
static range *ranges; /* Array containing all Inode-Ranges for undelete */
static long nr_entries; /* Number of range entries */
#ifdef HAVE_WINDOWS_H
/*
* Replacement for strftime() on Windows
*
* strftime() on Windows uses format codes different from those
* defined in C99 sect. 7.23.3.5
* Use snprintf() instead.
*/
static int win32_strftime(char *buffer, int size, const char *format,
const struct tm *ptm)
{
int ret;
if (!strcmp(format, "%F %R"))
ret = snprintf(buffer, size, "%4d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d",
ptm->tm_year + 1900, ptm->tm_mon + 1, ptm->tm_mday,
ptm->tm_hour, ptm->tm_min);
else
ret = snprintf(buffer, size, "%4d-%02d-%02d",
ptm->tm_year + 1900, ptm->tm_mon + 1, ptm->tm_mday);
return (ret);
}
#define strftime(buf, sz, fmt, ptm) win32_strftime(buf, sz, fmt, ptm)
#endif
#ifndef HAVE_REGEX_H
/*
* Pattern matching routing for systems with no regex.
*/
typedef struct REGEX {
ntfschar *upcase;
u32 upcase_len;
int flags;
int pattern_len;
ntfschar pattern[1];
} *regex_t;
enum { REG_NOSUB = 1, REG_ICASE = 2 };
static BOOL patmatch(regex_t *re, const ntfschar *f, int flen,
const ntfschar *p, int plen, BOOL dot)
{
regex_t pre;
BOOL ok;
BOOL anyextens;
int i;
unsigned int c;
pre = *re;
if (pre->flags & REG_ICASE) {
while ((flen > 0) && (plen > 0)
&& ((*f == *p)
|| (*p == const_cpu_to_le16('?'))
|| ((c = le16_to_cpu(*f)) < pre->upcase_len
? pre->upcase[c] : *f) == *p)) {
flen--;
if (*f++ == const_cpu_to_le16('.'))
dot = TRUE;
plen--;
p++;
}
} else {
while ((flen > 0) && (plen > 0)
&& ((*f == *p) || (*p == const_cpu_to_le16('?')))) {
flen--;
if (*f++ == const_cpu_to_le16('.'))
dot = TRUE;
plen--;
p++;
}
}
if ((flen <= 0) && (plen <= 0))
ok = TRUE;
else {
ok = FALSE;
plen--;
if (*p++ == const_cpu_to_le16('*')) {
/* special case "*.*" requires the end or a dot */
anyextens = FALSE;
if ((plen == 2)
&& (p[0] == const_cpu_to_le16('.'))
&& (p[1] == const_cpu_to_le16('*'))
&& !dot) {
for (i=0; (i<flen) && !anyextens; i++)
if (f[i] == const_cpu_to_le16('.'))
anyextens = TRUE;
}
if (!plen || anyextens)
ok = TRUE;
else
while ((flen > 0) && !ok)
if (patmatch(re,f,flen,p,plen,dot))
ok = TRUE;
else {
flen--;
f++;
}
}
}
return (ok);
}
static int regcomp(regex_t *re, const char *pattern, int flags)
{
regex_t pre;
ntfschar *rp;
ntfschar *p;
unsigned int c;
int lth;
int i;
pre = (regex_t)malloc(sizeof(struct REGEX)
+ strlen(pattern)*sizeof(ntfschar));
*re = pre;
if (pre) {
pre->flags = flags;
pre->upcase_len = 0;
rp = pre->pattern;
lth = ntfs_mbstoucs(pattern, &rp);
pre->pattern_len = lth;
p = pre->pattern;
if (flags & REG_ICASE) {
for (i=0; i<lth; i++) {
c = le16_to_cpu(*p);
if (c < pre->upcase_len)
*p = pre->upcase[c];
p++;
}
}
}
return (*re && (lth > 0) ? 0 : -1);
}
static int regexec(regex_t *re, const ntfschar *uname, int len,
char *q __attribute__((unused)), int r __attribute__((unused)))
{
BOOL m;
m = patmatch(re, uname, len, (*re)->pattern, (*re)->pattern_len, FALSE);
return (m ? REG_NOERROR : REG_NOMATCH);
}
static void regfree(regex_t *re)
{
free(*re);
}
#endif
/**
* parse_inode_arg - parses the inode expression
*
* Parses the optarg after parameter -u for valid ranges
*
* Return: Number of correct inode specifications or -1 for error
*/
static int parse_inode_arg(void)
{
int p;
u32 range_begin;
u32 range_end;
u32 range_temp;
u32 inode;
char *opt_arg_ptr;
char *opt_arg_temp;
char *opt_arg_end1;
char *opt_arg_end2;
/* Check whether optarg is available or not */
nr_entries = 0;
if (optarg == NULL)
return (0); /* bailout if no optarg */
/* init variables */
p = strlen(optarg);
opt_arg_ptr = optarg;
opt_arg_end1 = optarg;
opt_arg_end2 = &(optarg[p]);
/* alloc mem for range table */
ranges = (range *) malloc((p + 1) * sizeof(range));
if (ranges == NULL) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't alloc mem for parsing inodes!\n");
return (-1);
}
/* loop */
while ((opt_arg_end1 != opt_arg_end2) && (p > 0)) {
/* Try to get inode */
inode = strtoul(opt_arg_ptr, &opt_arg_end1, 0);
p--;
/* invalid char at begin */
if ((opt_arg_ptr == opt_arg_end1) || (opt_arg_ptr == opt_arg_end2)) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Invalid Number: %s\n", opt_arg_ptr);
return (-1);
}
/* RANGE - Check for range */
if (opt_arg_end1[0] == '-') {
/* get range end */
opt_arg_temp = opt_arg_end1;
opt_arg_end1 = & (opt_arg_temp[1]);
if (opt_arg_temp >= opt_arg_end2) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Missing range end!\n");
return (-1);
}
range_begin = inode;
/* get count */
range_end = strtoul(opt_arg_end1, &opt_arg_temp, 0);
if (opt_arg_temp == opt_arg_end1) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Invalid Number: %s\n", opt_arg_temp);
return (-1);
}
/* check for correct values */
if (range_begin > range_end) {
range_temp = range_end;
range_end = range_begin;
range_begin = range_temp;
}
/* put into struct */
ranges[nr_entries].begin = range_begin;
ranges[nr_entries].end = range_end;
nr_entries++;
/* Last check */
opt_arg_ptr = & (opt_arg_temp[1]);
if (opt_arg_ptr >= opt_arg_end2)
break;
} else if (opt_arg_end1[0] == ',') {
/* SINGLE VALUE, BUT CONTINUING */
/* put inode into range list */
ranges[nr_entries].begin = inode;
ranges[nr_entries].end = inode;
nr_entries++;
/* Next inode */
opt_arg_ptr = & (opt_arg_end1[1]);
if (opt_arg_ptr >= opt_arg_end2) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Missing new value at end of input!\n");
return (-1);
}
continue;
} else { /* SINGLE VALUE, END */
ranges[nr_entries].begin = inode;
ranges[nr_entries].end = inode;
nr_entries++;
}
}
return (nr_entries);
}
/**
* version - Print version information about the program
*
* Print a copyright statement and a brief description of the program.
*
* Return: none
*/
static void version(void)
{
ntfs_log_info("\n%s v%s (libntfs-3g) - Recover deleted files from an "
"NTFS Volume.\n\n", EXEC_NAME, VERSION);
ntfs_log_info("Copyright (c) 2002-2005 Richard Russon\n"
"Copyright (c) 2004-2005 Holger Ohmacht\n"
"Copyright (c) 2005 Anton Altaparmakov\n"
"Copyright (c) 2007 Yura Pakhuchiy\n"
"Copyright (c) 2013-2014 Jean-Pierre Andre\n");
ntfs_log_info("\n%s\n%s%s\n", ntfs_gpl, ntfs_bugs, ntfs_home);
}
/**
* usage - Print a list of the parameters to the program
*
* Print a list of the parameters and options for the program.
*
* Return: none
*/
static void usage(void)
{
ntfs_log_info("\nUsage: %s [options] device\n"
" -s, --scan Scan for files (default)\n"
" -p, --percentage NUM Minimum percentage recoverable\n"
" -m, --match PATTERN Only work on files with matching names\n"
" -C, --case Case sensitive matching\n"
" -S, --size RANGE Match files of this size\n"
" -t, --time SINCE Last referenced since this time\n"
"\n"
" -u, --undelete Undelete mode\n"
" -i, --inodes RANGE Recover these inodes\n"
//" -I, --interactive Interactive mode\n"
" -o, --output FILE Save with this filename\n"
" -O, --optimistic Undelete in-use clusters as well\n"
" -d, --destination DIR Destination directory\n"
" -b, --byte NUM Fill missing parts with this byte\n"
" -T, --truncate Truncate 100%% recoverable file to exact size.\n"
" -P, --parent Show parent directory\n"
"\n"
" -c, --copy RANGE Write a range of MFT records to a file\n"
"\n"
" -f, --force Use less caution\n"
" -q, --quiet Less output\n"
" -v, --verbose More output\n"
" -V, --version Display version information\n"
" -h, --help Display this help\n\n",
EXEC_NAME);
ntfs_log_info("%s%s\n", ntfs_bugs, ntfs_home);
}
/**
* transform - Convert a shell style pattern to a regex
* @pattern: String to be converted
* @regex: Resulting regular expression is put here
*
* This will transform patterns, such as "*.doc" to true regular expressions.
* The function will also place '^' and '$' around the expression to make it
* behave as the user would expect
*
* Before After
* . \.
* * .*
* ? .
*
* Notes:
* The returned string must be freed by the caller.
* If transform fails, @regex will not be changed.
*
* Return: 1, Success, the string was transformed
* 0, An error occurred
*/
static int transform(const char *pattern, char **regex)
{
char *result;
int length, i;
#ifdef HAVE_REGEX_H
int j;
#endif
if (!pattern || !regex)
return 0;
length = strlen(pattern);
if (length < 1) {
ntfs_log_error("Pattern to transform is empty\n");
return 0;
}
for (i = 0; pattern[i]; i++) {
if ((pattern[i] == '*') || (pattern[i] == '.'))
length++;
}
result = malloc(length + 3);
if (!result) {
ntfs_log_error("Couldn't allocate memory in transform()\n");
return 0;
}
#ifdef HAVE_REGEX_H
result[0] = '^';
for (i = 0, j = 1; pattern[i]; i++, j++) {
if (pattern[i] == '*') {
result[j] = '.';
j++;
result[j] = '*';
} else if (pattern[i] == '.') {
result[j] = '\\';
j++;
result[j] = '.';
} else if (pattern[i] == '?') {
result[j] = '.';
} else {
result[j] = pattern[i];
}
}
result[j] = '$';
result[j+1] = 0;
ntfs_log_debug("Pattern '%s' replaced with regex '%s'.\n", pattern,
result);
#else
strcpy(result, pattern);
#endif
*regex = result;
return 1;
}
/**
* parse_time - Convert a time abbreviation to seconds
* @string: The string to be converted
* @since: The absolute time referred to
*
* Strings representing times will be converted into a time_t. The numbers will
* be regarded as seconds unless suffixed.
*
* Suffix Description
* [yY] Year
* [mM] Month
* [wW] Week
* [dD] Day
* [sS] Second
*
* Therefore, passing "1W" will return the time_t representing 1 week ago.
*
* Notes:
* Only the first character of the suffix is read.
* If parse_time fails, @since will not be changed
*
* Return: 1 Success
* 0 Error, the string was malformed
*/
static int parse_time(const char *value, time_t *since)
{
long long result;
time_t now;
char *suffix = NULL;
if (!value || !since)
return -1;
ntfs_log_trace("Parsing time '%s' ago.\n", value);
result = strtoll(value, &suffix, 10);
if (result < 0 || errno == ERANGE) {
ntfs_log_error("Invalid time '%s'.\n", value);
return 0;
}
if (!suffix) {
ntfs_log_error("Internal error, strtoll didn't return a suffix.\n");
return 0;
}
if (strlen(suffix) > 1) {
ntfs_log_error("Invalid time suffix '%s'. Use Y, M, W, D or H.\n", suffix);
return 0;
}
switch (suffix[0]) {
case 'y': case 'Y': result *= 12;
case 'm': case 'M': result *= 4;
case 'w': case 'W': result *= 7;
case 'd': case 'D': result *= 24;
case 'h': case 'H': result *= 3600;
case 0:
break;
default:
ntfs_log_error("Invalid time suffix '%s'. Use Y, M, W, D or H.\n", suffix);
return 0;
}
now = time(NULL);
ntfs_log_debug("Time now = %lld, Time then = %lld.\n", (long long) now,
(long long) result);
*since = now - result;
return 1;
}
/**
* parse_options - Read and validate the programs command line
*
* Read the command line, verify the syntax and parse the options.
* This function is very long, but quite simple.
*
* Return: 1 Success
* 0 Error, one or more problems
*/
static int parse_options(int argc, char *argv[])
{
static const char *sopt = "-b:Cc:d:fh?i:m:o:OPp:sS:t:TuqvV";
static const struct option lopt[] = {
{ "byte", required_argument, NULL, 'b' },
{ "case", no_argument, NULL, 'C' },
{ "copy", required_argument, NULL, 'c' },
{ "destination", required_argument, NULL, 'd' },
{ "force", no_argument, NULL, 'f' },
{ "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
{ "inodes", required_argument, NULL, 'i' },
//{ "interactive", no_argument, NULL, 'I' },
{ "match", required_argument, NULL, 'm' },
{ "optimistic", no_argument, NULL, 'O' },
{ "output", required_argument, NULL, 'o' },
{ "parent", no_argument, NULL, 'P' },
{ "percentage", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
{ "quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'q' },
{ "scan", no_argument, NULL, 's' },
{ "size", required_argument, NULL, 'S' },
{ "time", required_argument, NULL, 't' },
{ "truncate", no_argument, NULL, 'T' },
{ "undelete", no_argument, NULL, 'u' },
{ "verbose", no_argument, NULL, 'v' },
{ "version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
{ NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
};
int c = -1;
char *end = NULL;
int err = 0;
int ver = 0;
int help = 0;
int levels = 0;
opterr = 0; /* We'll handle the errors, thank you. */
opts.mode = MODE_NONE;
opts.uinode = -1;
opts.percent = -1;
opts.fillbyte = -1;
while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, NULL)) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 1: /* A non-option argument */
if (!opts.device) {
opts.device = argv[optind-1];
} else {
opts.device = NULL;
err++;
}
break;
case 'b':
if (opts.fillbyte == (char)-1) {
end = NULL;
opts.fillbyte = strtol(optarg, &end, 0);
if (end && *end)
err++;
} else {
err++;
}
break;
case 'C':
opts.match_case++;
break;
case 'c':
if (opts.mode == MODE_NONE) {
if (!utils_parse_range(optarg,
&opts.mft_begin, &opts.mft_end, TRUE))
err++;
opts.mode = MODE_COPY;
} else {
opts.mode = MODE_ERROR;
}
break;
case 'd':
if (!opts.dest)
opts.dest = optarg;
else
err++;
break;
case 'f':
opts.force++;
break;
case 'h':
help++;
break;
case '?':
if (ntfs_log_parse_option (argv[optind-1]))
break;
ntfs_log_error("Unknown option '%s'.\n", argv[optind-1]);
err++;
break;
case 'i':
end = NULL;
/* parse inodes */
if (parse_inode_arg() == -1)
err++;
if (end && *end)
err++;
break;
case 'm':
if (!opts.match) {
if (!transform(optarg, &opts.match)) {
err++;
} else {
/* set regex-flag on true ;) */
with_regex= 1;
}
} else {
err++;
}
break;
case 'o':
if (!opts.output) {
opts.output = optarg;
} else {
err++;
}
break;
case 'O':
if (!opts.optimistic) {
opts.optimistic++;
} else {
err++;
}
break;
case 'P':
if (!opts.parent) {
opts.parent++;
} else {
err++;
}
break;
case 'p':
if (opts.percent == -1) {
end = NULL;
opts.percent = strtol(optarg, &end, 0);
if (end && ((*end != '%') && (*end != 0)))
err++;
} else {
err++;
}
break;
case 'q':
opts.quiet++;
ntfs_log_clear_levels(NTFS_LOG_LEVEL_QUIET);
break;
case 's':
if (opts.mode == MODE_NONE)
opts.mode = MODE_SCAN;
else
opts.mode = MODE_ERROR;
break;
case 'S':
if ((opts.size_begin > 0) || (opts.size_end > 0) ||
!utils_parse_range(optarg, &opts.size_begin,
&opts.size_end, TRUE)) {
err++;
}
break;
case 't':
if (opts.since == 0) {
if (!parse_time(optarg, &opts.since))
err++;
} else {
err++;
}
break;
case 'T':
opts.truncate++;
break;
case 'u':
if (opts.mode == MODE_NONE) {
opts.mode = MODE_UNDELETE;
} else {
opts.mode = MODE_ERROR;
}
break;
case 'v':
opts.verbose++;
ntfs_log_set_levels(NTFS_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE);
break;
case 'V':
ver++;
break;
default:
if (((optopt == 'b') || (optopt == 'c') ||
(optopt == 'd') || (optopt == 'm') ||
(optopt == 'o') || (optopt == 'p') ||
(optopt == 'S') || (optopt == 't') ||
(optopt == 'u')) && (!optarg)) {
ntfs_log_error("Option '%s' requires an argument.\n", argv[optind-1]);
} else {
ntfs_log_error("Unknown option '%s'.\n", argv[optind-1]);
}
err++;
break;
}
}
/* Make sure we're in sync with the log levels */
levels = ntfs_log_get_levels();
if (levels & NTFS_LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
opts.verbose++;
if (!(levels & NTFS_LOG_LEVEL_QUIET))
opts.quiet++;
if (help || ver) {
opts.quiet = 0;
} else {
if (opts.device == NULL) {
if (argc > 1)
ntfs_log_error("You must specify exactly one device.\n");
err++;
}
if (opts.mode == MODE_NONE) {
opts.mode = MODE_SCAN;
}
switch (opts.mode) {
case MODE_SCAN:
if (opts.output || opts.dest || opts.truncate ||
(opts.fillbyte != (char)-1)) {
ntfs_log_error("Scan can only be used with --percent, "
"--match, --ignore-case, --size and --time.\n");
err++;
}
if (opts.match_case && !opts.match) {
ntfs_log_error("The --case option doesn't make sense without the --match option\n");
err++;
}
break;
case MODE_UNDELETE:
/*if ((opts.percent != -1) || (opts.size_begin > 0) || (opts.size_end > 0)) {
ntfs_log_error("Undelete can only be used with "
"--output, --destination, --byte and --truncate.\n");
err++;
}*/
break;
case MODE_COPY:
if ((opts.fillbyte != (char)-1) || opts.truncate ||
(opts.percent != -1) ||
opts.match || opts.match_case ||
(opts.size_begin > 0) ||
(opts.size_end > 0)) {
ntfs_log_error("Copy can only be used with --output and --destination.\n");
err++;
}
break;
default:
ntfs_log_error("You can only select one of Scan, Undelete or Copy.\n");
err++;
}
if ((opts.percent < -1) || (opts.percent > 100)) {
ntfs_log_error("Percentage value must be in the range 0 - 100.\n");
err++;
}
if (opts.quiet) {
if (opts.verbose) {
ntfs_log_error("You may not use --quiet and --verbose at the same time.\n");
err++;
} else if (opts.mode == MODE_SCAN) {
ntfs_log_error("You may not use --quiet when scanning a volume.\n");
err++;
}
}
if (opts.parent && !opts.verbose) {
ntfs_log_error("To use --parent, you must also use --verbose.\n");
err++;
}
}
if (opts.fillbyte == (char)-1)
opts.fillbyte = 0;
if (ver)
version();
if (help || err)
usage();
/* tri-state 0 : done, 1 : error, -1 : proceed */
return (err ? 1 : (help || ver ? 0 : -1));
}
/**
* free_file - Release the resources used by a file object
* @file: The unwanted file object
*
* This will free up the memory used by a file object and iterate through the
* object's children, freeing their resources too.
*
* Return: none
*/
static void free_file(struct ufile *file)
{
struct ntfs_list_head *item, *tmp;
if (!file)
return;
ntfs_list_for_each_safe(item, tmp, &file->name) {
/* List of filenames */
struct filename *f = ntfs_list_entry(item, struct filename, list);
ntfs_log_debug("freeing filename '%s'", f->name ? f->name :
NONE);
if (f->name)
free(f->name);
if (f->parent_name) {
ntfs_log_debug(" and parent filename '%s'",
f->parent_name);
free(f->parent_name);
}
ntfs_log_debug(".\n");
free(f);
}
ntfs_list_for_each_safe(item, tmp, &file->data) {
/* List of data streams */
struct data *d = ntfs_list_entry(item, struct data, list);
ntfs_log_debug("Freeing data stream '%s'.\n", d->name ?
d->name : UNNAMED);
if (d->name)
free(d->name);
if (d->runlist)
free(d->runlist);
free(d);
}
free(file->mft);
free(file);
}
/**
* verify_parent - confirm a record is parent of a file
* @name: a filename of the file
* @rec: the mft record of the possible parent
*
* Check that @rec is the parent of the file represented by @name.
* If @rec is a directory, but it is created after @name, then we
* can't determine whether @rec is really @name's parent.
*
* Return: @rec's filename, either same name space as @name or lowest space.
* NULL if can't determine parenthood or on error.
*/
static FILE_NAME_ATTR* verify_parent(struct filename* name, MFT_RECORD* rec)
{
ATTR_RECORD *attr30;
FILE_NAME_ATTR *filename_attr = NULL, *lowest_space_name = NULL;
ntfs_attr_search_ctx *ctx;
int found_same_space = 1;
if (!name || !rec)
return NULL;
if (!(rec->flags & MFT_RECORD_IS_DIRECTORY)) {
return NULL;
}
ctx = ntfs_attr_get_search_ctx(NULL, rec);
if (!ctx) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't create a search context.\n");
return NULL;
}
attr30 = find_attribute(AT_FILE_NAME, ctx);
if (!attr30) {
return NULL;
}
filename_attr = (FILE_NAME_ATTR*)((char*)attr30 + le16_to_cpu(attr30->value_offset));
/* if name is older than this dir -> can't determine */
if (ntfs2timespec(filename_attr->creation_time).tv_sec > name->date_c) {
return NULL;
}
if (filename_attr->file_name_type != name->name_space) {
found_same_space = 0;
lowest_space_name = filename_attr;
while (!found_same_space && (attr30 = find_attribute(AT_FILE_NAME, ctx))) {
filename_attr = (FILE_NAME_ATTR*)((char*)attr30 + le16_to_cpu(attr30->value_offset));
if (filename_attr->file_name_type == name->name_space) {
found_same_space = 1;
} else {
if (filename_attr->file_name_type < lowest_space_name->file_name_type) {
lowest_space_name = filename_attr;
}
}
}
}
ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
return (found_same_space ? filename_attr : lowest_space_name);
}
/**
* get_parent_name - Find the name of a file's parent.
* @name: the filename whose parent's name to find
*/
static void get_parent_name(struct filename* name, ntfs_volume* vol)
{
ntfs_attr* mft_data;
MFT_RECORD* rec;
FILE_NAME_ATTR* filename_attr;
long long inode_num;
if (!name || !vol)
return;
rec = calloc(1, vol->mft_record_size);
if (!rec) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't allocate memory in "
"get_parent_name()\n");
return;
}
mft_data = ntfs_attr_open(vol->mft_ni, AT_DATA, AT_UNNAMED, 0);
if (!mft_data) {
ntfs_log_perror("ERROR: Couldn't open $MFT/$DATA");
} else {
inode_num = MREF_LE(name->parent_mref);
if (ntfs_attr_pread(mft_data, vol->mft_record_size * inode_num,
vol->mft_record_size, rec) < 1) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't read MFT Record %lld"
".\n", inode_num);
} else if ((filename_attr = verify_parent(name, rec))) {
if (ntfs_ucstombs(filename_attr->file_name,
filename_attr->file_name_length,
&name->parent_name, 0) < 0) {
ntfs_log_debug("ERROR: Couldn't translate "
"filename to current "
"locale.\n");
name->parent_name = NULL;
}
}
}
if (mft_data) {
ntfs_attr_close(mft_data);
}
if (rec) {
free(rec);
}
return;
}
/*
* Rescue the last deleted name of a file
*
* Under some conditions, when a name is deleted and the MFT
* record is shifted to reclaim the space, the name is still
* present beyond the end of record.
*
* For this to be possible, the data record has to be small (less
* than 80 bytes), and there must be no other attributes.
* So only the names of plain unfragmented files can be rescued.
*
* Returns NULL when the name cannot be recovered.
*/
static struct filename *rescue_name(MFT_RECORD *mft, ntfs_attr_search_ctx *ctx)
{
ATTR_RECORD *rec;
struct filename *name;
int off_name;
int length;
int type;
name = (struct filename*)NULL;
ntfs_attr_reinit_search_ctx(ctx);
rec = find_attribute(AT_DATA, ctx);
if (rec) {
/*
* If the data attribute replaced the name attribute,
* the name itself is at offset 0x58 from the data attr.
* First be sure this location is within the unused part
* of the MFT record, then make extra checks.
*/
off_name = (long)rec - (long)mft + 0x58;
if ((off_name >= (int)le32_to_cpu(mft->bytes_in_use))
&& ((off_name + 4)
<= (int)le32_to_cpu(mft->bytes_allocated))) {
length = *((char*)mft + off_name);
type = *((char*)mft + off_name + 1);
/* check whether the name is fully allocated */
if ((type <= 3)
&& (length > 0)
&& ((off_name + 2*length + 2)
<= (int)le32_to_cpu(mft->bytes_allocated))) {
/* create a (partial) name record */
name = (struct filename*)
ntfs_calloc(sizeof(*name));
if (name) {
name->uname = (ntfschar*)
((char*)mft + off_name + 2);
name->uname_len = length;
name->name_space = type;
if (ntfs_ucstombs(name->uname, length,
&name->name, 0) < 0) {
free(name);
name = (struct filename*)NULL;
}
}
if (name && name->name)
ntfs_log_verbose("Recovered file name %s\n",
name->name);
}
}
}
return (name);
}
/**
* get_filenames - Read an MFT Record's $FILENAME attributes
* @file: The file object to work with
*
* A single file may have more than one filename. This is quite common.
* Windows creates a short DOS name for each long name, e.g. LONGFI~1.XYZ,
* LongFiLeName.xyZ.
*
* The filenames that are found are put in filename objects and added to a
* linked list of filenames in the file object. For convenience, the unicode
* filename is converted into the current locale and stored in the filename
* object.
*
* One of the filenames is picked (the one with the lowest numbered namespace)
* and its locale friendly name is put in pref_name.
*
* Return: n The number of $FILENAME attributes found
* -1 Error
*/
static int get_filenames(struct ufile *file, ntfs_volume* vol)
{
ATTR_RECORD *rec;
FILE_NAME_ATTR *attr;
ntfs_attr_search_ctx *ctx;
struct filename *name;
int count = 0;
int space = 4;
if (!file)
return -1;
ctx = ntfs_attr_get_search_ctx(NULL, file->mft);
if (!ctx)
return -1;
while ((rec = find_attribute(AT_FILE_NAME, ctx))) {
/* We know this will always be resident. */
attr = (FILE_NAME_ATTR *)((char *)rec +
le16_to_cpu(rec->value_offset));
name = calloc(1, sizeof(*name));
if (!name) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't allocate memory in "
"get_filenames().\n");
count = -1;
break;
}
name->uname = attr->file_name;
name->uname_len = attr->file_name_length;
name->name_space = attr->file_name_type;
name->size_alloc = sle64_to_cpu(attr->allocated_size);
name->size_data = sle64_to_cpu(attr->data_size);
name->flags = attr->file_attributes;
name->date_c = ntfs2timespec(attr->creation_time).tv_sec;
name->date_a = ntfs2timespec(attr->last_data_change_time).tv_sec;
name->date_m = ntfs2timespec(attr->last_mft_change_time).tv_sec;
name->date_r = ntfs2timespec(attr->last_access_time).tv_sec;
if (ntfs_ucstombs(name->uname, name->uname_len, &name->name,
0) < 0) {
ntfs_log_debug("ERROR: Couldn't translate filename to "
"current locale.\n");
}
name->parent_name = NULL;
if (opts.parent) {
name->parent_mref = attr->parent_directory;
get_parent_name(name, vol);
}
if (name->name_space < space) {
file->pref_name = name->name;
file->pref_pname = name->parent_name;
space = name->name_space;
}
file->max_size = max(file->max_size, name->size_alloc);
file->max_size = max(file->max_size, name->size_data);
ntfs_list_add_tail(&name->list, &file->name);
count++;
}
if (!count) {
name = rescue_name(file->mft,ctx);
if (name) {
/* a name was recovered, get missing attributes */
file->pref_name = name->name;
ntfs_attr_reinit_search_ctx(ctx);
rec = find_attribute(AT_STANDARD_INFORMATION, ctx);
if (rec) {
attr = (FILE_NAME_ATTR *)((char *)rec +
le16_to_cpu(rec->value_offset));
name->flags = attr->file_attributes;
name->date_c = ntfs2timespec(attr->creation_time).tv_sec;
name->date_a = ntfs2timespec(attr->last_data_change_time).tv_sec;
name->date_m = ntfs2timespec(attr->last_mft_change_time).tv_sec;
name->date_r = ntfs2timespec(attr->last_access_time).tv_sec;
}
rec = find_attribute(AT_DATA, ctx);
if (rec) {
attr = (FILE_NAME_ATTR *)((char *)rec +
le16_to_cpu(rec->value_offset));
name->size_alloc = sle64_to_cpu(attr->allocated_size);
name->size_data = sle64_to_cpu(attr->data_size);
}
ntfs_list_add_tail(&name->list, &file->name);
count++;
}
}
ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
ntfs_log_debug("File has %d names.\n", count);
return count;
}
/**
* get_data - Read an MFT Record's $DATA attributes
* @file: The file object to work with
* @vol: An ntfs volume obtained from ntfs_mount
*
* A file may have more than one data stream. All files will have an unnamed
* data stream which contains the file's data. Some Windows applications store
* extra information in a separate stream.
*
* The streams that are found are put in data objects and added to a linked
* list of data streams in the file object.
*
* Return: n The number of $FILENAME attributes found
* -1 Error
*/
static int get_data(struct ufile *file, ntfs_volume *vol)
{
ATTR_RECORD *rec;
ntfs_attr_search_ctx *ctx;
int count = 0;
struct data *data;
if (!file)
return -1;
ctx = ntfs_attr_get_search_ctx(NULL, file->mft);
if (!ctx)
return -1;
while ((rec = find_attribute(AT_DATA, ctx))) {
data = calloc(1, sizeof(*data));
if (!data) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't allocate memory in "
"get_data().\n");
count = -1;
break;
}
data->resident = !rec->non_resident;
data->compressed = (rec->flags & ATTR_IS_COMPRESSED) ? 1 : 0;
data->encrypted = (rec->flags & ATTR_IS_ENCRYPTED) ? 1 : 0;
if (rec->name_length) {
data->uname = (ntfschar *)((char *)rec +
le16_to_cpu(rec->name_offset));
data->uname_len = rec->name_length;
if (ntfs_ucstombs(data->uname, data->uname_len,
&data->name, 0) < 0) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Cannot translate name "
"into current locale.\n");
}
}
if (data->resident) {
data->size_data = le32_to_cpu(rec->value_length);
data->data = (char*)rec +
le16_to_cpu(rec->value_offset);
} else {
data->size_alloc = sle64_to_cpu(rec->allocated_size);
data->size_data = sle64_to_cpu(rec->data_size);
data->size_init = sle64_to_cpu(rec->initialized_size);
data->size_vcn = sle64_to_cpu(rec->highest_vcn) + 1;
}
data->runlist = ntfs_mapping_pairs_decompress(vol, rec, NULL);
if (!data->runlist) {
ntfs_log_debug("Couldn't decompress the data runs.\n");
}
file->max_size = max(file->max_size, data->size_data);
file->max_size = max(file->max_size, data->size_init);
ntfs_list_add_tail(&data->list, &file->data);
count++;
}
ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
ntfs_log_debug("File has %d data streams.\n", count);
return count;
}
/**
* read_record - Read an MFT record into memory
* @vol: An ntfs volume obtained from ntfs_mount
* @record: The record number to read
*
* Read the specified MFT record and gather as much information about it as
* possible.
*
* Return: Pointer A ufile object containing the results
* NULL Error
*/
static struct ufile * read_record(ntfs_volume *vol, long long record)
{
ATTR_RECORD *attr10, *attr20, *attr90;
struct ufile *file;
ntfs_attr *mft;
u32 log_levels;
if (!vol)
return NULL;
file = calloc(1, sizeof(*file));
if (!file) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't allocate memory in read_record()\n");
return NULL;
}
NTFS_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&file->name);
NTFS_INIT_LIST_HEAD(&file->data);
file->inode = record;
file->mft = malloc(vol->mft_record_size);
if (!file->mft) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't allocate memory in read_record()\n");
free_file(file);
return NULL;
}
mft = ntfs_attr_open(vol->mft_ni, AT_DATA, AT_UNNAMED, 0);
if (!mft) {
ntfs_log_perror("ERROR: Couldn't open $MFT/$DATA");
free_file(file);
return NULL;
}
if (ntfs_attr_mst_pread(mft, vol->mft_record_size * record, 1, vol->mft_record_size, file->mft) < 1) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't read MFT Record %lld.\n", record);
ntfs_attr_close(mft);
free_file(file);
return NULL;
}
ntfs_attr_close(mft);
mft = NULL;
/* disable errors logging, while examining suspicious records */
log_levels = ntfs_log_clear_levels(NTFS_LOG_LEVEL_PERROR);
attr10 = find_first_attribute(AT_STANDARD_INFORMATION, file->mft);
attr20 = find_first_attribute(AT_ATTRIBUTE_LIST, file->mft);
attr90 = find_first_attribute(AT_INDEX_ROOT, file->mft);
ntfs_log_debug("Attributes present: %s %s %s.\n", attr10?"0x10":"",
attr20?"0x20":"", attr90?"0x90":"");
if (attr10) {
STANDARD_INFORMATION *si;
si = (STANDARD_INFORMATION *) ((char *) attr10 + le16_to_cpu(attr10->value_offset));
file->date = ntfs2timespec(si->last_data_change_time).tv_sec;
}
if (attr20 || !attr10)
file->attr_list = 1;
if (attr90)
file->directory = 1;
if (get_filenames(file, vol) < 0) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't get filenames.\n");
}
if (get_data(file, vol) < 0) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't get data streams.\n");
}
/* restore errors logging */
ntfs_log_set_levels(log_levels);
return file;
}
/**
* calc_percentage - Calculate how much of the file is recoverable
* @file: The file object to work with
* @vol: An ntfs volume obtained from ntfs_mount
*
* Read through all the $DATA streams and determine if each cluster in each
* stream is still free disk space. This is just measuring the potential for
* recovery. The data may have still been overwritten by a another file which
* was then deleted.
*
* Files with a resident $DATA stream will have a 100% potential.
*
* N.B. If $DATA attribute spans more than one MFT record (i.e. badly
* fragmented) then only the data in this segment will be used for the
* calculation.
*
* N.B. Currently, compressed and encrypted files cannot be recovered, so they
* will return 0%.
*
* Return: n The percentage of the file that _could_ be recovered
* -1 Error
*/
static int calc_percentage(struct ufile *file, ntfs_volume *vol)
{
runlist_element *rl = NULL;
struct ntfs_list_head *pos;
struct data *data;
long long i, j;
long long start, end;
int clusters_inuse, clusters_free;
int percent = 0;
if (!file || !vol)
return -1;
if (file->directory) {
ntfs_log_debug("Found a directory: not recoverable.\n");
return 0;
}
if (ntfs_list_empty(&file->data)) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File has no data streams.\n");
return 0;
}
ntfs_list_for_each(pos, &file->data) {
data = ntfs_list_entry(pos, struct data, list);
clusters_inuse = 0;
clusters_free = 0;
if (data->encrypted) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File is encrypted, recovery is "
"impossible.\n");
continue;
}
if (data->compressed) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File is compressed, recovery not yet "
"implemented.\n");
continue;
}
if (data->resident) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File is resident, therefore "
"recoverable.\n");
percent = 100;
data->percent = 100;
continue;
}
rl = data->runlist;
if (!rl) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File has no runlist, hence no data."
"\n");
continue;
}
if (rl[0].length <= 0) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File has an empty runlist, hence no "
"data.\n");
continue;
}
if (rl[0].lcn == LCN_RL_NOT_MAPPED) { /* extended mft record */
ntfs_log_verbose("Missing segment at beginning, %lld "
"clusters\n", (long long)rl[0].length);
clusters_inuse += rl[0].length;
rl++;
}
for (i = 0; rl[i].length > 0; i++) {
if (rl[i].lcn == LCN_RL_NOT_MAPPED) {
ntfs_log_verbose("Missing segment at end, %lld "
"clusters\n",
(long long)rl[i].length);
clusters_inuse += rl[i].length;
continue;
}
if (rl[i].lcn == LCN_HOLE) {
clusters_free += rl[i].length;
continue;
}
start = rl[i].lcn;
end = rl[i].lcn + rl[i].length;
for (j = start; j < end; j++) {
if (utils_cluster_in_use(vol, j))
clusters_inuse++;
else
clusters_free++;
}
}
if ((clusters_inuse + clusters_free) == 0) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Unexpected error whilst "
"calculating percentage for inode %lld\n",
file->inode);
continue;
}
data->percent = (clusters_free * 100) /
(clusters_inuse + clusters_free);
percent = max(percent, data->percent);
}
ntfs_log_verbose("File is %d%% recoverable\n", percent);
return percent;
}
/**
* dump_record - Print everything we know about an MFT record
* @file: The file to work with
*
* Output the contents of the file object. This will print everything that has
* been read from the MFT record, or implied by various means.
*
* Because of the redundant nature of NTFS, there will be some duplication of
* information, though it will have been read from different sources.
*
* N.B. If the filename is missing, or couldn't be converted to the current
* locale, "<none>" will be displayed.
*
* Return: none
*/
static void dump_record(struct ufile *file)
{
char buffer[20];
struct ntfs_list_head *item;
int i;
if (!file)
return;
ntfs_log_quiet("MFT Record %lld\n", file->inode);
ntfs_log_quiet("Type: %s\n", (file->directory) ? "Directory" : "File");
strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%F %R", localtime(&file->date));
ntfs_log_quiet("Date: %s\n", buffer);
if (file->attr_list)
ntfs_log_quiet("Metadata may span more than one MFT record\n");
ntfs_list_for_each(item, &file->name) {
struct filename *f =
ntfs_list_entry(item, struct filename, list);
ntfs_log_quiet("Filename: (%d) %s\n", f->name_space, f->name);
ntfs_log_quiet("File Flags: ");
if (f->flags & FILE_ATTR_SYSTEM)
ntfs_log_quiet("System ");
if (f->flags & FILE_ATTR_DIRECTORY)
ntfs_log_quiet("Directory ");
if (f->flags & FILE_ATTR_SPARSE_FILE)
ntfs_log_quiet("Sparse ");
if (f->flags & FILE_ATTR_REPARSE_POINT)
ntfs_log_quiet("Reparse ");
if (f->flags & FILE_ATTR_COMPRESSED)
ntfs_log_quiet("Compressed ");
if (f->flags & FILE_ATTR_ENCRYPTED)
ntfs_log_quiet("Encrypted ");
if (!(f->flags & (FILE_ATTR_SYSTEM | FILE_ATTR_DIRECTORY |
FILE_ATTR_SPARSE_FILE | FILE_ATTR_REPARSE_POINT |
FILE_ATTR_COMPRESSED | FILE_ATTR_ENCRYPTED))) {
ntfs_log_quiet("%s", NONE);
}
ntfs_log_quiet("\n");
if (opts.parent) {
ntfs_log_quiet("Parent: %s\n", f->parent_name ?
f->parent_name : "<non-determined>");
}
ntfs_log_quiet("Size alloc: %lld\n", f->size_alloc);
ntfs_log_quiet("Size data: %lld\n", f->size_data);
strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%F %R",
localtime(&f->date_c));
ntfs_log_quiet("Date C: %s\n", buffer);
strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%F %R",
localtime(&f->date_a));
ntfs_log_quiet("Date A: %s\n", buffer);
strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%F %R",
localtime(&f->date_m));
ntfs_log_quiet("Date M: %s\n", buffer);
strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%F %R",
localtime(&f->date_r));
ntfs_log_quiet("Date R: %s\n", buffer);
}
ntfs_log_quiet("Data Streams:\n");
ntfs_list_for_each(item, &file->data) {
struct data *d = ntfs_list_entry(item, struct data, list);
ntfs_log_quiet("Name: %s\n", (d->name) ? d->name : UNNAMED);
ntfs_log_quiet("Flags: ");
if (d->resident) ntfs_log_quiet("Resident\n");
if (d->compressed) ntfs_log_quiet("Compressed\n");
if (d->encrypted) ntfs_log_quiet("Encrypted\n");
if (!d->resident && !d->compressed && !d->encrypted)
ntfs_log_quiet("None\n");
else
ntfs_log_quiet("\n");
ntfs_log_quiet("Size alloc: %lld\n", d->size_alloc);
ntfs_log_quiet("Size data: %lld\n", d->size_data);
ntfs_log_quiet("Size init: %lld\n", d->size_init);
ntfs_log_quiet("Size vcn: %lld\n", d->size_vcn);
ntfs_log_quiet("Data runs:\n");
if ((!d->runlist) || (d->runlist[0].length <= 0)) {
ntfs_log_quiet(" None\n");
} else {
for (i = 0; d->runlist[i].length > 0; i++) {
ntfs_log_quiet(" %lld @ %lld\n",
(long long)d->runlist[i].length,
(long long)d->runlist[i].lcn);
}
}
ntfs_log_quiet("Amount potentially recoverable %d%%\n",
d->percent);
}
ntfs_log_quiet("________________________________________\n\n");
}
/**
* list_record - Print a one line summary of the file
* @file: The file to work with
*
* Print a one line description of a file.
*
* Inode Flags %age Date Time Size Filename
*
* The output will contain the file's inode number (MFT Record), some flags,
* the percentage of the file that is recoverable, the last modification date,
* the size and the filename.
*
* The flags are F/D = File/Directory, N/R = Data is (Non-)Resident,
* C = Compressed, E = Encrypted, ! = Metadata may span multiple records.
*
* N.B. The file size is stored in many forms in several attributes. This
* display the largest it finds.
*
* N.B. If the filename is missing, or couldn't be converted to the current
* locale, "<none>" will be displayed.
*
* Return: none
*/
static void list_record(struct ufile *file)
{
char buffer[20];
struct ntfs_list_head *item;
const char *name = NULL;
long long size = 0;
int percent = 0;
char flagd = '.', flagr = '.', flagc = '.', flagx = '.';
strftime(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%F %R", localtime(&file->date));
if (file->attr_list)
flagx = '!';
if (file->directory)
flagd = 'D';
else
flagd = 'F';
ntfs_list_for_each(item, &file->data) {
struct data *d = ntfs_list_entry(item, struct data, list);
if (!d->name) {
if (d->resident)
flagr = 'R';
else
flagr = 'N';
if (d->compressed)
flagc = 'C';
if (d->encrypted)
flagc = 'E';
percent = max(percent, d->percent);
}
size = max(size, d->size_data);
size = max(size, d->size_init);
}
if (file->pref_name)
name = file->pref_name;
else
name = NONE;
ntfs_log_quiet("%-8lld %c%c%c%c %3d%% %s %9lld %s\n",
file->inode, flagd, flagr, flagc, flagx,
percent, buffer, size, name);
}
/**
* name_match - Does a file have a name matching a regex
* @re: The regular expression object
* @file: The file to be tested
*
* Iterate through the file's $FILENAME attributes and compare them against the
* regular expression, created with regcomp.
*
* Return: 1 There is a matching filename.
* 0 There is no match.
*/
static int name_match(regex_t *re, struct ufile *file)
{
struct ntfs_list_head *item;
int result;
if (!re || !file)
return 0;
ntfs_list_for_each(item, &file->name) {
struct filename *f =
ntfs_list_entry(item, struct filename, list);
if (!f->name)
continue;
#ifdef HAVE_REGEX_H
result = regexec(re, f->name, 0, NULL, 0);
#else
result = regexec(re, f->uname, f->uname_len, NULL, 0);
#endif
if (result < 0) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't compare filename with regex");
return 0;
} else if (result == REG_NOERROR) {
ntfs_log_debug("Found a matching filename.\n");
return 1;
}
}
ntfs_log_debug("Filename '%s' doesn't match regex.\n", file->pref_name);
return 0;
}
/**
* write_data - Write out a block of data
* @fd: File descriptor to write to
* @buffer: Data to write
* @bufsize: Amount of data to write
*
* Write a block of data to a file descriptor.
*
* Return: -1 Error, something went wrong
* 0 Success, all the data was written
*/
static unsigned int write_data(int fd, const char *buffer,
unsigned int bufsize)
{
ssize_t result1, result2;
if (!buffer) {
errno = EINVAL;
return -1;
}
result1 = write(fd, buffer, bufsize);
if ((result1 == (ssize_t) bufsize) || (result1 < 0))
return result1;
/* Try again with the rest of the buffer */
buffer += result1;
bufsize -= result1;
result2 = write(fd, buffer, bufsize);
if (result2 < 0)
return result1;
return result1 + result2;
}
/**
* create_pathname - Create a path/file from some components
* @dir: Directory in which to create the file (optional)
* @name: Filename to give the file (optional)
* @stream: Name of the stream (optional)
* @buffer: Store the result here
* @bufsize: Size of buffer
*
* Create a filename from various pieces. The output will be of the form:
* dir/file
* dir/file:stream
* file
* file:stream
*
* All the components are optional. If the name is missing, "unknown" will be
* used. If the directory is missing the file will be created in the current
* directory. If the stream name is present it will be appended to the
* filename, delimited by a colon.
*
* N.B. If the buffer isn't large enough the name will be truncated.
*
* Return: n Length of the allocated name
*/
static int create_pathname(const char *dir, const char *name,
const char *stream, char *buffer, int bufsize)
{
if (!name)
name = UNKNOWN;
if (dir)
if (stream)
snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "%s/%s:%s", dir, name, stream);
else
snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "%s/%s", dir, name);
else
if (stream)
snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "%s:%s", name, stream);
else
snprintf(buffer, bufsize, "%s", name);
return strlen(buffer);
}
/**
* open_file - Open a file to write to
* @pathname: Path, name and stream of the file to open
*
* Create a file and return the file descriptor.
*
* N.B. If option force is given and existing file will be overwritten.
*
* Return: -1 Error, failed to create the file
* n Success, this is the file descriptor
*/
static int open_file(const char *pathname)
{
int flags;
ntfs_log_verbose("Creating file: %s\n", pathname);
if (opts.force)
flags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC;
else
flags = O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL;
#ifdef HAVE_WINDOWS_H
flags ^= O_BINARY | O_RDWR | O_WRONLY;
#endif
return open(pathname, flags, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
}
/**
* set_date - Set the file's date and time
* @pathname: Path and name of the file to alter
* @date: Date and time to set
*
* Give a file a particular date and time.
*
* Return: 1 Success, set the file's date and time
* 0 Error, failed to change the file's date and time
*/
static int set_date(const char *pathname, time_t date)
{
struct utimbuf ut;
if (!pathname)
return 0;
ut.actime = date;
ut.modtime = date;
if (utime(pathname, &ut)) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't set the file's date and time\n");
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
/**
* undelete_file - Recover a deleted file from an NTFS volume
* @vol: An ntfs volume obtained from ntfs_mount
* @inode: MFT Record number to be recovered
*
* Read an MFT Record and try an recover any data associated with it. Some of
* the clusters may be in use; these will be filled with zeros or the fill byte
* supplied in the options.
*
* Each data stream will be recovered and saved to a file. The file's name will
* be the original filename and it will be written to the current directory.
* Any named data stream will be saved as filename:streamname.
*
* The output file's name and location can be altered by using the command line
* options.
*
* N.B. We cannot tell if someone has overwritten some of the data since the
* file was deleted.
*
* Return: 0 Error, something went wrong
* 1 Success, the data was recovered
*/
static int undelete_file(ntfs_volume *vol, long long inode)
{
char pathname[256];
char *buffer = NULL;
unsigned int bufsize;
struct ufile *file;
int i, j;
long long start, end;
runlist_element *rl;
struct ntfs_list_head *item;
int fd = -1;
long long k;
int result = 0;
char *name;
long long cluster_count; /* I'll need this variable (see below). +mabs */
if (!vol)
return 0;
/* try to get record */
file = read_record(vol, inode);
if (!file || !file->mft) {
ntfs_log_error("Can't read info from mft record %lld.\n", inode);
return 0;
}
/* if flag was not set, print file informations */
if (avoid_duplicate_printing == 0) {
if (opts.verbose) {
dump_record(file);
} else {
list_record(file);
//ntfs_log_quiet("\n");
}
}
bufsize = vol->cluster_size;
buffer = malloc(bufsize);
if (!buffer)
goto free;
/* calc_percentage() must be called before dump_record() or
* list_record(). Otherwise, when undeleting, a file will always be
* listed as 0% recoverable even if successfully undeleted. +mabs
*/
if (file->mft->flags & MFT_RECORD_IN_USE) {
ntfs_log_error("Record is in use by the mft\n");
if (!opts.force) {
free(buffer);
free_file(file);
return 0;
}
ntfs_log_verbose("Forced to continue.\n");
}
if (calc_percentage(file, vol) == 0) {
ntfs_log_quiet("File has no recoverable data.\n");
goto free;
}
if (ntfs_list_empty(&file->data)) {
ntfs_log_quiet("File has no data. There is nothing to recover.\n");
goto free;
}
ntfs_list_for_each(item, &file->data) {
struct data *d = ntfs_list_entry(item, struct data, list);
char defname[sizeof(UNKNOWN) + 25];
if (opts.output)
name = opts.output;
else
if (file->pref_name)
name = file->pref_name;
else {
sprintf(defname,"%s%lld",UNKNOWN,
(long long)file->inode);
name = defname;
}
create_pathname(opts.dest, name, d->name, pathname, sizeof(pathname));
if (d->resident) {
fd = open_file(pathname);
if (fd < 0) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't create file");
goto free;
}
ntfs_log_verbose("File has resident data.\n");
if (write_data(fd, d->data, d->size_data) < d->size_data) {
ntfs_log_perror("Write failed");
close(fd);
goto free;
}
if (close(fd) < 0) {
ntfs_log_perror("Close failed");
}
fd = -1;
} else {
rl = d->runlist;
if (!rl) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File has no runlist, hence no data.\n");
continue;
}
if (rl[0].length <= 0) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File has an empty runlist, hence no data.\n");
continue;
}
fd = open_file(pathname);
if (fd < 0) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't create output file");
goto free;
}
if (rl[0].lcn == LCN_RL_NOT_MAPPED) { /* extended mft record */
ntfs_log_verbose("Missing segment at beginning, %lld "
"clusters.\n",
(long long)rl[0].length);
memset(buffer, opts.fillbyte, bufsize);
for (k = 0; k < rl[0].length * vol->cluster_size; k += bufsize) {
if (write_data(fd, buffer, bufsize) < bufsize) {
ntfs_log_perror("Write failed");
close(fd);
goto free;
}
}
}
cluster_count = 0LL;
for (i = 0; rl[i].length > 0; i++) {
if (rl[i].lcn == LCN_RL_NOT_MAPPED) {
ntfs_log_verbose("Missing segment at end, "
"%lld clusters.\n",
(long long)rl[i].length);
memset(buffer, opts.fillbyte, bufsize);
for (k = 0; k < rl[i].length * vol->cluster_size; k += bufsize) {
if (write_data(fd, buffer, bufsize) < bufsize) {
ntfs_log_perror("Write failed");
close(fd);
goto free;
}
cluster_count++;
}
continue;
}
if (rl[i].lcn == LCN_HOLE) {
ntfs_log_verbose("File has a sparse section.\n");
memset(buffer, 0, bufsize);
for (k = 0; k < rl[i].length * vol->cluster_size; k += bufsize) {
if (write_data(fd, buffer, bufsize) < bufsize) {
ntfs_log_perror("Write failed");
close(fd);
goto free;
}
}
continue;
}
start = rl[i].lcn;
end = rl[i].lcn + rl[i].length;
for (j = start; j < end; j++) {
if (utils_cluster_in_use(vol, j) && !opts.optimistic) {
memset(buffer, opts.fillbyte, bufsize);
if (write_data(fd, buffer, bufsize) < bufsize) {
ntfs_log_perror("Write failed");
close(fd);
goto free;
}
} else {
if (ntfs_cluster_read(vol, j, 1, buffer) < 1) {
ntfs_log_perror("Read failed");
close(fd);
goto free;
}
if (write_data(fd, buffer, bufsize) < bufsize) {
ntfs_log_perror("Write failed");
close(fd);
goto free;
}
cluster_count++;
}
}
}
ntfs_log_quiet("\n");
/*
* The following block of code implements the --truncate option.
* Its semantics are as follows:
* IF opts.truncate is set AND data stream currently being recovered is
* non-resident AND data stream has no holes (100% recoverability) AND
* 0 <= (data->size_alloc - data->size_data) <= vol->cluster_size AND
* cluster_count * vol->cluster_size == data->size_alloc THEN file
* currently being written is truncated to data->size_data bytes before
* it's closed.
* This multiple checks try to ensure that only files with consistent
* values of size/occupied clusters are eligible for truncation. Note
* that resident streams need not be truncated, since the original code
* already recovers their exact length. +mabs
*/
if (opts.truncate) {
if (d->percent == 100 && d->size_alloc >= d->size_data &&
(d->size_alloc - d->size_data) <= (long long)vol->cluster_size &&
cluster_count * (long long)vol->cluster_size == d->size_alloc) {
if (ftruncate(fd, (off_t)d->size_data))
ntfs_log_perror("Truncation failed");
} else ntfs_log_quiet("Truncation not performed because file has an "
"inconsistent $MFT record.\n");
}
if (close(fd) < 0) {
ntfs_log_perror("Close failed");
}
fd = -1;
}
set_date(pathname, file->date);
if (d->name)
ntfs_log_quiet("Undeleted '%s:%s' successfully.\n", file->pref_name, d->name);
else
ntfs_log_quiet("Undeleted '%s' successfully.\n", file->pref_name);
}
result = 1;
free:
if (buffer)
free(buffer);
free_file(file);
return result;
}
/**
* scan_disk - Search an NTFS volume for files that could be undeleted
* @vol: An ntfs volume obtained from ntfs_mount
*
* Read through all the MFT entries looking for deleted files. For each one
* determine how much of the data lies in unused disk space.
*
* The list can be filtered by name, size and date, using command line options.
*
* Return: -1 Error, something went wrong
* n Success, the number of recoverable files
*/
static int scan_disk(ntfs_volume *vol)
{
s64 nr_mft_records;
const int BUFSIZE = 8192;
char *buffer = NULL;
int results = 0;
ntfs_attr *attr;
long long size;
long long bmpsize;
long long i;
int j, k, b;
int percent;
struct ufile *file;
regex_t re;
if (!vol)
return -1;
attr = ntfs_attr_open(vol->mft_ni, AT_BITMAP, AT_UNNAMED, 0);
if (!attr) {
ntfs_log_perror("ERROR: Couldn't open $MFT/$BITMAP");
return -1;
}
NVolSetNoFixupWarn(vol);
bmpsize = attr->initialized_size;
buffer = malloc(BUFSIZE);
if (!buffer) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't allocate memory in scan_disk()\n");
results = -1;
goto out;
}
if (opts.match) {
int flags = REG_NOSUB;
if (!opts.match_case)
flags |= REG_ICASE;
if (regcomp(&re, opts.match, flags)) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: Couldn't create a regex.\n");
goto out;
}
#ifndef HAVE_REGEX_H
re->upcase = vol->upcase;
re->upcase_len = vol->upcase_len;
#endif
}
nr_mft_records = vol->mft_na->initialized_size >>
vol->mft_record_size_bits;
ntfs_log_quiet("Inode Flags %%age Date Time Size Filename\n");
ntfs_log_quiet("-----------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
for (i = 0; i < bmpsize; i += BUFSIZE) {
long long read_count = min((bmpsize - i), BUFSIZE);
size = ntfs_attr_pread(attr, i, read_count, buffer);
if (size < 0)
break;
for (j = 0; j < size; j++) {
b = buffer[j];
for (k = 0; k < 8; k++, b>>=1) {
if (((i+j)*8+k) >= nr_mft_records)
goto done;
if (b & 1)
continue;
file = read_record(vol, (i+j)*8+k);
if (!file) {
ntfs_log_error("Couldn't read MFT Record %lld.\n",
(long long)(i+j)*8+k);
continue;
}
if ((opts.since > 0) && (file->date <= opts.since))
goto skip;
if (opts.match && !name_match(&re, file))
goto skip;
if (opts.size_begin && (opts.size_begin > file->max_size))
goto skip;
if (opts.size_end && (opts.size_end < file->max_size))
goto skip;
percent = calc_percentage(file, vol);
if ((opts.percent == -1) || (percent >= opts.percent)) {
if (opts.verbose)
dump_record(file);
else
list_record(file);
/* Was -u specified with no inode
so undelete file by regex */
if (opts.mode == MODE_UNDELETE) {
if (!undelete_file(vol, file->inode))
ntfs_log_verbose("ERROR: Failed to undelete "
"inode %lli\n!",
file->inode);
ntfs_log_info("\n");
}
}
if (((opts.percent == -1) && (percent > 0)) ||
((opts.percent > 0) && (percent >= opts.percent))) {
results++;
}
skip:
free_file(file);
}
}
}
done:
ntfs_log_quiet("\nFiles with potentially recoverable content: %d\n",
results);
out:
if (opts.match)
regfree(&re);
free(buffer);
NVolClearNoFixupWarn(vol);
if (attr)
ntfs_attr_close(attr);
return results;
}
/**
* copy_mft - Write a range of MFT Records to a file
* @vol: An ntfs volume obtained from ntfs_mount
* @mft_begin: First MFT Record to save
* @mft_end: Last MFT Record to save
*
* Read a number of MFT Records and write them to a file.
*
* Return: 0 Success, all the records were written
* 1 Error, something went wrong
*/
static int copy_mft(ntfs_volume *vol, long long mft_begin, long long mft_end)
{
s64 nr_mft_records;
char pathname[256];
ntfs_attr *mft;
char *buffer;
const char *name;
long long i;
int result = 1;
int fd;
if (!vol)
return 1;
if (mft_end < mft_begin) {
ntfs_log_error("Range to copy is backwards.\n");
return 1;
}
buffer = malloc(vol->mft_record_size);
if (!buffer) {
ntfs_log_error("Couldn't allocate memory in copy_mft()\n");
return 1;
}
mft = ntfs_attr_open(vol->mft_ni, AT_DATA, AT_UNNAMED, 0);
if (!mft) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't open $MFT/$DATA");
goto free;
}
name = opts.output;
if (!name) {
name = MFTFILE;
ntfs_log_debug("No output filename, defaulting to '%s'.\n",
name);
}
create_pathname(opts.dest, name, NULL, pathname, sizeof(pathname));
fd = open_file(pathname);
if (fd < 0) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't open output file '%s'", name);
goto attr;
}
nr_mft_records = vol->mft_na->initialized_size >>
vol->mft_record_size_bits;
mft_end = min(mft_end, nr_mft_records - 1);
ntfs_log_debug("MFT records:\n");
ntfs_log_debug("\tTotal: %8lld\n", (long long)nr_mft_records);
ntfs_log_debug("\tBegin: %8lld\n", mft_begin);
ntfs_log_debug("\tEnd: %8lld\n", mft_end);
for (i = mft_begin; i <= mft_end; i++) {
if (ntfs_attr_pread(mft, vol->mft_record_size * i,
vol->mft_record_size, buffer) < vol->mft_record_size) {
ntfs_log_perror("Couldn't read MFT Record %lld", i);
goto close;
}
if (write_data(fd, buffer, vol->mft_record_size) < vol->mft_record_size) {
ntfs_log_perror("Write failed");
goto close;
}
}
ntfs_log_verbose("Read %lld MFT Records\n", mft_end - mft_begin + 1);
result = 0;
close:
close(fd);
attr:
ntfs_attr_close(mft);
free:
free(buffer);
return result;
}
/**
* handle_undelete
*
* Handles the undelete
*/
static int handle_undelete(ntfs_volume *vol)
{
int result = 1;
int i;
unsigned long long inode;
/* Check whether (an) inode(s) was specified or at least a regex! */
if (nr_entries == 0) {
if (with_regex == 0) {
ntfs_log_error("ERROR: NO inode(s) AND NO match-regex "
"specified!\n");
} else {
avoid_duplicate_printing= 1;
result = !scan_disk(vol);
if (result)
ntfs_log_verbose("ERROR: Failed to scan device "
"'%s'.\n", opts.device);
}
} else {
/* Normal undelete by specifying inode(s) */
ntfs_log_quiet("Inode Flags %%age Date Size Filename\n");
ntfs_log_quiet("---------------------------------------------------------------\n");
/* loop all given inodes */
for (i = 0; i < nr_entries; i++) {
for (inode = ranges[i].begin; inode <= ranges[i].end; inode ++) {
/* Now undelete file */
result = !undelete_file(vol, inode);
if (result)
ntfs_log_verbose("ERROR: Failed to "
"undelete inode %lli\n!", inode);
}
}
}
return (result);
}
/**
* main - Begin here
*
* Start from here.
*
* Return: 0 Success, the program worked
* 1 Error, something went wrong
*/
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
ntfs_volume *vol;
int result = 1;
ntfs_log_set_handler(ntfs_log_handler_outerr);
with_regex = 0;
avoid_duplicate_printing = 0;
result = parse_options(argc, argv);
if (result >= 0)
goto free;
utils_set_locale();
vol = utils_mount_volume(opts.device, NTFS_MNT_RDONLY |
(opts.force ? NTFS_MNT_RECOVER : 0));
if (!vol)
return 1;
/* handling of the different modes */
switch (opts.mode) {
/* Scanning */
case MODE_SCAN:
result = !scan_disk(vol);
if (result)
ntfs_log_verbose("ERROR: Failed to scan device '%s'.\n",
opts.device);
break;
/* Undelete-handling */
case MODE_UNDELETE:
result= handle_undelete(vol);
break;
/* Handling of copy mft */
case MODE_COPY:
result = !copy_mft(vol, opts.mft_begin, opts.mft_end);
if (result)
ntfs_log_verbose("ERROR: Failed to read MFT blocks "
"%lld-%lld.\n", (long long)opts.mft_begin,
(long long)min((vol->mft_na->initialized_size >>
vol->mft_record_size_bits) , opts.mft_end));
break;
default:
; /* Cannot happen */
}
ntfs_umount(vol, FALSE);
free:
if (opts.match)
free(opts.match);
return result;
}
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