diff --git a/include/ntfs-3g/layout.h b/include/ntfs-3g/layout.h
index e23fa104..ddd29c11 100644
--- a/include/ntfs-3g/layout.h
+++ b/include/ntfs-3g/layout.h
@@ -515,16 +515,15 @@ typedef enum {
  * enum COLLATION_RULES - The collation rules for sorting views/indexes/etc
  * (32-bit).
  *
- * COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING - Collate Unicode strings by comparing their binary
- *	Unicode values, except that when a character can be uppercased, the
- *	upper case value collates before the lower case one.
- * COLLATION_FILE_NAME - Collate file names as Unicode strings. The collation
- *	is done very much like COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING. In fact I have no idea
- *	what the difference is. Perhaps the difference is that file names
- *	would treat some special characters in an odd way (see
- *	unistr.c::ntfs_collate_names() and unistr.c::legal_ansi_char_array[]
- *	for what I mean but COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING would not give any special
- *	treatment to any characters at all, but this is speculation.
+ * COLLATION_BINARY - Collate by binary compare where the first byte is most
+ *	significant.
+ * COLLATION_FILE_NAME - Collate Unicode strings by comparing their 16-bit
+ *	coding units, primarily ignoring case using the volume's $UpCase table,
+ *	but falling back to a case-sensitive comparison if the names are equal
+ *	ignoring case.
+ * COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING - TODO: this is not yet implemented and still needs
+ *	to be properly documented --- is it really the same as
+ *	COLLATION_FILE_NAME?
  * COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONG - Sorting is done according to ascending le32 key
  *	values. E.g. used for $SII index in FILE_Secure, which sorts by
  *	security_id (le32).
@@ -549,17 +548,9 @@ typedef enum {
  *	equal then the second le32 values would be compared, etc.
  */
 typedef enum {
-	COLLATION_BINARY	 = const_cpu_to_le32(0), /* Collate by binary
-					compare where the first byte is most
-					significant. */
-	COLLATION_FILE_NAME	 = const_cpu_to_le32(1), /* Collate file names
-					as Unicode strings. */
-	COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING = const_cpu_to_le32(2), /* Collate Unicode
-					strings by comparing their binary
-					Unicode values, except that when a
-					character can be uppercased, the upper
-					case value collates before the lower
-					case one. */
+	COLLATION_BINARY		= const_cpu_to_le32(0),
+	COLLATION_FILE_NAME		= const_cpu_to_le32(1),
+	COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING	= const_cpu_to_le32(2),
 	COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONG		= const_cpu_to_le32(16),
 	COLLATION_NTOFS_SID		= const_cpu_to_le32(17),
 	COLLATION_NTOFS_SECURITY_HASH	= const_cpu_to_le32(18),
diff --git a/libntfs-3g/unistr.c b/libntfs-3g/unistr.c
index 54cfd469..4d33bb44 100644
--- a/libntfs-3g/unistr.c
+++ b/libntfs-3g/unistr.c
@@ -143,14 +143,24 @@ BOOL ntfs_names_are_equal(const ntfschar *s1, size_t s1_len,
  * @name1_len:	length of first Unicode name to compare
  * @name2:	second Unicode name to compare
  * @name2_len:	length of second Unicode name to compare
- * @ic:		either CASE_SENSITIVE or IGNORE_CASE
- * @upcase:	upcase table (ignored if @ic is CASE_SENSITIVE)
- * @upcase_len:	upcase table size (ignored if @ic is CASE_SENSITIVE)
+ * @ic:		either CASE_SENSITIVE or IGNORE_CASE (see below)
+ * @upcase:	upcase table
+ * @upcase_len:	upcase table size
  *
+ * If @ic is CASE_SENSITIVE, then the names are compared primarily ignoring
+ * case, but if the names are equal ignoring case, then they are compared
+ * case-sensitively.  As an example, "abc" would collate before "BCD" (since
+ * "abc" and "BCD" differ ignoring case and 'A' < 'B') but after "ABC" (since
+ * "ABC" and "abc" are equal ignoring case and 'A' < 'a').  This matches the
+ * collation order of filenames as indexed in NTFS directories.
+ *
+ * If @ic is IGNORE_CASE, then the names are only compared case-insensitively
+ * and are considered to match if and only if they are equal ignoring case.
+ *
+ * Returns:
  *  -1 if the first name collates before the second one,
- *   0 if the names match,
- *   1 if the second name collates before the first one, or
- *
+ *   0 if the names match, or
+ *   1 if the second name collates before the first one
  */
 int ntfs_names_full_collate(const ntfschar *name1, const u32 name1_len,
 		const ntfschar *name2, const u32 name2_len,
@@ -162,7 +172,7 @@ int ntfs_names_full_collate(const ntfschar *name1, const u32 name1_len,
 	u16 u1, u2;
 
 #ifdef DEBUG
-	if (!name1 || !name2 || (ic && (!upcase || !upcase_len))) {
+	if (!name1 || !name2 || !upcase || !upcase_len) {
 		ntfs_log_debug("ntfs_names_collate received NULL pointer!\n");
 		exit(1);
 	}
@@ -205,9 +215,9 @@ int ntfs_names_full_collate(const ntfschar *name1, const u32 name1_len,
 				return 1;
 		} else {
 			do {
-				u1 = c1 = le16_to_cpu(*name1);
+				u1 = le16_to_cpu(*name1);
 				name1++;
-				u2 = c2 = le16_to_cpu(*name2);
+				u2 = le16_to_cpu(*name2);
 				name2++;
 				if (u1 < upcase_len)
 					u1 = le16_to_cpu(upcase[u1]);