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doc: ucrt-vs-msvcrt.txt: Update information about CRT options and links how to obtain UCRT

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Signed-off-by: Martin Storsjö <martin@martin.st>
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Pali Rohár 2024-08-27 21:14:29 +02:00 committed by Martin Storsjö
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mingw-w64-doc/howto-build/ucrt-vs-msvcrt.txt
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
== Summary == == Summary ==
Starting from mingw-w64 version 12 and onwards, UCRT (Universal C Runtime) will Starting from mingw-w64 version 12 and onwards, UCRT (Universal C Runtime) will
be the default CRT runtime, unless specified otherwise during the minwgw-64 be the default CRT runtime, unless specified otherwise during the mingw-w64
build process. We believe that this configuration is the best choice for the build process. We believe that this configuration is the best choice for the
majority of users. While we encourage users to consider switching to UCRT, we majority of users. While we encourage users to consider switching to UCRT, we
understand that it may not always be desirable, especially for compatibility understand that it may not always be desirable, especially for compatibility
@ -19,7 +19,14 @@ versions of these DLLs, some of which were designed for specific MSVC versions
while others aimed for backward compatibility. When building the mingw-w64 while others aimed for backward compatibility. When building the mingw-w64
toolchain, users can specify a version of the runtime DLL using the toolchain, users can specify a version of the runtime DLL using the
--with-default-msvcrt= configure option. The most commonly used versions are --with-default-msvcrt= configure option. The most commonly used versions are
ucrt (utilizing ucrtbase.dll) and msvcrt (utilizing msvcrt.dll). ucrt (utilizing UCRT, via api-ms-win-crt-*.dll API set libraries) and
msvcrt (utilizing msvcrt.dll).
Users can also choose crtdll (utilizing system crtdll.dll library which
is a predecessor of msvcrt.dll and is available on all 32-bit Windows versions
starting from NT 3.1, Win32s and Win9x), version-specific msvcr* libraries,
ucrtbase (linking directly against ucrtbase.dll instead of
api-ms-win-crt-*.dll wrappers) and debug mode libraries.
The implementation of msvcrt.dll was introduced with Visual C++ 4.2 in 1996. The implementation of msvcrt.dll was introduced with Visual C++ 4.2 in 1996.
As a system library it is included since Windows 98 and NT 4. While it has As a system library it is included since Windows 98 and NT 4. While it has
@ -31,14 +38,30 @@ aspects. mingw-w64 includes compatibility wrappers and extensions to improve
standard compatibility, but there are limitations to what can be practically standard compatibility, but there are limitations to what can be practically
achieved. achieved.
On the other hand, ucrtbase.dll was introduced with MSVC 14 and is currently On the other hand, the UCRT was introduced with MSVC 14 and is currently
included with all Windows versions supported by Microsoft. It is also available included with all Windows versions supported by Microsoft. It is also available
as a redistributable package for older versions of Windows. ucrtbase.dll aims to as a redistributable package for older versions of Windows. UCRT aims to
replace MSVC version-specific DLLs and has been used by all MSVC versions since replace MSVC version-specific DLLs and has been used by all MSVC versions since
its introduction. It offers a more modern approach compared to msvcrt.dll and its introduction. It offers a more modern approach compared to msvcrt.dll and
provides better standard compatibility out of the box, reducing overhead on the provides better standard compatibility out of the box, reducing overhead on the
mingw-w64 side. mingw-w64 side.
Windows 10 and newer systems have UCRT automatically preinstalled.
Windows Vista / Server 2008, Windows 7 / Server 2008 R2, Widows 8 / Server 2012
and Windows 8.1 / Server 2012 R2 systems include UCRT libraries in KB2999226
system update, which is available at website:
https://support.microsoft.com/help/2999226
For Windows XP and Windows Server 2003, the UCRT libraries are provided via
a Visual Studio redistributable package. The latest compatible
version for these systems is the Visual Studio 2019 16.7 redistributable
package, it contains UCRT version 14.27.29114.0 and is available at:
32-bit: https://download.visualstudio.microsoft.com/download/pr/56f631e5-4252-4f28-8ecc-257c7bf412b8/D305BAA965C9CD1B44EBCD53635EE9ECC6D85B54210E2764C8836F4E9DEFA345/VC_redist.x86.exe
64-bit: https://download.visualstudio.microsoft.com/download/pr/722d59e4-0671-477e-b9b1-b8da7d4bd60b/591CBE3A269AFBCC025681B968A29CD191DF3C6204712CBDC9BA1CB632BA6068/VC_redist.x64.exe
Windows 2000 and older systems do not have support for UCRT at all.
== Compatibility == == Compatibility ==