mirror of
https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa.git
synced 2024-11-23 10:14:13 +08:00
66243e6999
Fixes: 93511c1c5c ("gbm: link directly with libgallium")
Closes: https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/-/issues/11556
Part-of: <https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/-/merge_requests/30456>
543 lines
17 KiB
ReStructuredText
543 lines
17 KiB
ReStructuredText
Compilation and Installation Using Meson
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========================================
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1. Introduction
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---------------
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For general information about Meson see the `Meson
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website <https://mesonbuild.com/>`__.
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.. note::
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Mesa requires Meson >= 0.60.0 to build.
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If your distribution doesn't have something recent enough in its
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repositories, you can `try the methods suggested here
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<https://mesonbuild.com/Getting-meson.html>`__ to install the
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current version of Meson.
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The Meson build of Mesa is tested on Linux, macOS, Windows, Cygwin,
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Haiku, FreeBSD, DragonflyBSD, NetBSD, and should work on OpenBSD.
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Unix-like OSes
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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If Meson is not already installed on your system, you can typically
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install it with your package installer. For example:
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.. code-block:: sh
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sudo apt-get install meson # Ubuntu
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or
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.. code-block:: sh
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sudo dnf install meson # Fedora
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Some older versions of Meson do not check that they are too old and will
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error out in odd ways.
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You'll also need `Ninja <https://ninja-build.org/>`__. If it's not
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already installed, use apt-get or dnf to install the *ninja-build*
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package.
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Dependencies
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++++++++++++
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Following are the dependencies you would need to install on linux to build and install mesa main. You can install these packages using your linux distibutions' package manager.
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.. note::
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All these dependencies are for latest linux distros and is tested on ubuntu-24 only for now.
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Also note, some packages below might not be available in your OS with the exact name, in such case you can search for it and install the distribution specific one.
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For some packages (eg: libclc etc), you will need the full content of the packages, so make sure to also install ``-dev``/``-devel``/``-headers``/etc. packages (if available) on distributions that split the files into multiple packages.
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1. glslang-tools
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2. python3-pyyaml
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3. python3-mako
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4. libdrm (This will get libdrm for intel, amd, qualcomm, nvidia, etc. If you are building a specific driver out of these, you can install only that specific libdrm)
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5. libclc-<version>
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6. llvm-<version>
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7. libllvmspirvlib-<version>
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8. libclang-<version>
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9. byacc (or) bison
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10. flex
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.. note::
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You should make sure that all the llvm related packages (libclc, libclc-dev, llvm, libllvmspirvlib, libclang) are of the same version. You can go with the latest version available on your OS if you are not aware of which version to select.
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wayland specific:
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1. libwayland
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2. libwayland-egl-backend
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x11 specific:
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1. libx11
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2. libxext
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3. libxfixes
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4. libxcb-glx
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5. libxcb-shm
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6. libx11-xcb
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7. libxcb-dri2
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8. libxcb-dri3
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9. libxcb-present
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10. libxshmfence
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11. libxxf86vm
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12. libxrandr
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for intel vulkan ray-tracing:
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1. python3-ply
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radeon specific:
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1. libelf
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nouveau/rusticl specific:
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1. rustc
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2. rustfmt
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3. bindgen
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4. cbindgen
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Windows
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^^^^^^^
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You will need to install Python 3 and Meson as a module using pip. This
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is because we use Python for generating code, and rely on external
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modules (Mako). You also need pkg-config (a hard dependency of Meson),
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Flex, and Bison. The easiest way to install everything you need is with
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`Chocolatey <https://chocolatey.org/>`__.
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.. code-block:: sh
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choco install python3 winflexbison pkgconfiglite
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You can even use Chocolatey to install MinGW and Ninja (Ninja can be
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used with MSVC as well)
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.. code-block:: sh
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choco install ninja mingw
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Then install Meson using pip
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.. code-block:: sh
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py -3 -m pip install meson packaging mako
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You may need to add the Python 3 scripts directory to your path for
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Meson.
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2. Basic Usage
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--------------
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The Meson program is used to configure the source directory and
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generates either a Ninja build file or Visual Studio® build files. The
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latter must be enabled via the ``--backend`` switch, as Ninja is the
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default backend on all operating systems.
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Meson only supports out-of-tree builds, and must be passed a directory
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to put built and generated sources into. We'll call that directory
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"build" here. It's recommended to create a `separate build
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directory <https://mesonbuild.com/Using-multiple-build-directories.html>`__
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for each configuration you might want to use.
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Basic configuration is done with:
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.. code-block:: sh
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meson setup build/
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This will create the build directory. If any dependencies are missing,
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you can install them, or try to remove the dependency with a Meson
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configuration option (see below). Meson will print a summary of the
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build options at the end.
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To review the options which Meson chose, run:
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.. code-block:: sh
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meson configure build/
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Recent version of Meson can print the available options and their
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default values by running ``meson configure`` in the source directory.
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If your Meson version is too old, you can always look in the
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`meson_options.txt <https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/-/blob/main/meson_options.txt>`__
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file at the root of the project.
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With additional arguments ``meson configure`` can be used to change
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options for a previously configured build directory. All options passed
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to this command are in the form ``-D "option"="value"``. For example:
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.. code-block:: sh
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meson configure build/ -Dprefix=/tmp/install -Dglx=true
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Note that options taking lists (such as ``platforms``) are `a bit more
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complicated <https://mesonbuild.com/Build-options.html#using-build-options>`__,
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but the simplest form compatible with Mesa options is to use a comma to
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separate values (``-D platforms=drm,wayland``) and brackets to represent
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an empty list (``-D platforms=[]``).
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Once you've run the initial ``meson`` command successfully you can use
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your configured backend to build the project in your build directory:
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.. code-block:: sh
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ninja -C build/
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The next step is to install the Mesa libraries, drivers, etc. This also
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finishes up some final steps of the build process (such as creating
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symbolic links for drivers). To install:
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.. code-block:: sh
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ninja -C build/ install
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After installation, you can check if the installation happened properly or not by running the command:
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.. code-block:: sh
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glxinfo | grep OpenGL
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If the installation succeeded, you should see the Mesa devel version and also the commit hash of the latest commit.
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In case you don't see the devel version, you can run
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.. code-block:: sh
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sudo ldconfig
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Windows specific instructions
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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On Windows you have a couple of choices for compilers. If you installed
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MinGW with Chocolatey and want to use Ninja you should be able to open
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any shell and follow the instructions above. If you want to you MSVC,
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clang-cl, or ICL (the Intel Compiler), read on.
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Both ICL and MSVC come with shell environments, the easiest way to use
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Meson with these it to open a shell. For clang-cl you will need to open
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an MSVC shell, and then override the compilers, either using a `native
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file <https://mesonbuild.com/Native-environments.html>`__, or with the
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CC and CXX environment variables.
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All of these compilers are tested and work with Ninja, but if you want
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Visual Studio integration or you just like msbuild, passing
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``--backend=vs`` to Meson will generate a Visual Studio solution.
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3. Advanced Usage
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-----------------
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Installation Location
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Meson default to installing :file:`libGL.so` in your system's main
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:file:`lib/` directory and DRI drivers to a :file:`dri/` subdirectory.
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Developers will often want to install Mesa to a testing directory rather
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than the system library directory. This can be done with the --prefix
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option. For example:
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.. code-block:: sh
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meson --prefix="${PWD}/build/install" build/
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will put the final libraries and drivers into the build/install/
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directory. Then you can set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to that location to run/test
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the driver.
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Meson also honors ``DESTDIR`` for installs.
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Compiler Options
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Meson supports the common CFLAGS, CXXFLAGS, etc. environment variables
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but their use is discouraged because of the many caveats in using them.
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Instead, it is recommended to use ``-D${lang}_args`` and
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``-D${lang}_link_args``. Among the benefits of these options is that
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they are guaranteed to persist across rebuilds and reconfigurations.
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This example sets -fmax-errors for compiling C sources and -DMAGIC=123
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for C++ sources:
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.. code-block:: sh
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meson setup builddir/ -Dc_args=-fmax-errors=10 -Dcpp_args=-DMAGIC=123
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Compiler Specification
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Meson supports the standard CC and CXX environment variables for
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changing the default compiler. Note that Meson does not allow changing
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the compilers in a configured build directory so you will need to create
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a new build dir for a different compiler.
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This is an example of specifying the Clang compilers and cleaning the
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build directory before reconfiguring with an extra C option:
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.. code-block:: sh
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CC=clang CXX=clang++ meson setup build-clang
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ninja -C build-clang
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ninja -C build-clang clean
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meson configure build -Dc_args="-Wno-typedef-redefinition"
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ninja -C build-clang
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The default compilers depends on your operating system. Meson supports
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most of the popular compilers, a complete list is available
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`here <https://mesonbuild.com/Reference-tables.html#compiler-ids>`__.
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LLVM
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^^^^
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Meson includes upstream logic to wrap llvm-config using its standard
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dependency interface.
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Meson can use CMake to find LLVM. But due to the way LLVM implements its
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CMake finder it will only find static libraries, it will never find
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:file:`libllvm.so`. There is also a ``-Dcmake_module_path`` option,
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which points to the root of an alternative installation (the prefix).
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For example:
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.. code-block:: sh
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meson setup builddir -Dcmake_module_path=/home/user/mycmake/prefix
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As of Meson 0.49.0 Meson also has the concept of a `"native
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file" <https://mesonbuild.com/Native-environments.html>`__, these files
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provide information about the native build environment (as opposed to a
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cross build environment). They are INI formatted and can override where
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to find llvm-config:
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.. code-block:: ini
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:caption: custom-llvm.ini
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[binaries]
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llvm-config = '/usr/local/bin/llvm/llvm-config'
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Then configure Meson:
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.. code-block:: sh
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meson setup builddir/ --native-file custom-llvm.ini
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For selecting llvm-config for cross compiling a `"cross
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file" <https://mesonbuild.com/Cross-compilation.html#defining-the-environment>`__
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should be used. It uses the same format as the native file above:
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.. code-block:: ini
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:caption: cross-llvm.ini
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[binaries]
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...
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llvm-config = '/usr/lib/llvm-config-32'
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cmake = '/usr/bin/cmake-for-my-arch'
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Obviously, only CMake or llvm-config is required.
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Then configure Meson:
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.. code-block:: sh
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meson setup builddir/ --cross-file cross-llvm.ini
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See the :ref:`Cross Compilation <cross-compilation>` section for more
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information.
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On Windows (and in other cases), using llvm-config or CMake may be
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either undesirable or impossible. Meson's solution for this is a
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`wrap <https://mesonbuild.com/Wrap-dependency-system-manual.html>`__, in
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this case a "binary wrap". Follow the steps below:
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- Install the binaries and headers into the
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``$mesa_src/subprojects/llvm``
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- Add a :file:`meson.build` file to that directory (more on that later)
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The wrap file must define the following:
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- ``dep_llvm``: a ``declare_dependency()`` object with
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include_directories, dependencies, and version set)
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It may also define:
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- ``irbuilder_h``: a ``files()`` object pointing to llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h
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- ``has_rtti``: a ``bool`` that declares whether LLVM was built with
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RTTI. Defaults to true
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such a :file:`meson.build` file might look like:
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::
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project('llvm', ['cpp'])
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cpp = meson.get_compiler('cpp')
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_deps = []
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_search = join_paths(meson.current_source_dir(), 'lib')
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foreach d : ['libLLVMCodeGen', 'libLLVMScalarOpts', 'libLLVMAnalysis',
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'libLLVMTransformUtils', 'libLLVMCore', 'libLLVMX86CodeGen',
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'libLLVMSelectionDAG', 'libLLVMipo', 'libLLVMAsmPrinter',
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'libLLVMInstCombine', 'libLLVMInstrumentation', 'libLLVMMC',
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'libLLVMGlobalISel', 'libLLVMObjectYAML', 'libLLVMDebugInfoPDB',
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'libLLVMVectorize', 'libLLVMPasses', 'libLLVMSupport',
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'libLLVMLTO', 'libLLVMObject', 'libLLVMDebugInfoCodeView',
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'libLLVMDebugInfoDWARF', 'libLLVMOrcJIT', 'libLLVMProfileData',
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'libLLVMObjCARCOpts', 'libLLVMBitReader', 'libLLVMCoroutines',
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'libLLVMBitWriter', 'libLLVMRuntimeDyld', 'libLLVMMIRParser',
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'libLLVMX86Desc', 'libLLVMAsmParser', 'libLLVMTableGen',
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'libLLVMFuzzMutate', 'libLLVMLinker', 'libLLVMMCParser',
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'libLLVMExecutionEngine', 'libLLVMCoverage', 'libLLVMInterpreter',
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'libLLVMTarget', 'libLLVMX86AsmParser', 'libLLVMSymbolize',
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'libLLVMDebugInfoMSF', 'libLLVMMCJIT', 'libLLVMXRay',
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'libLLVMX86AsmPrinter', 'libLLVMX86Disassembler',
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'libLLVMMCDisassembler', 'libLLVMOption', 'libLLVMIRReader',
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'libLLVMLibDriver', 'libLLVMDlltoolDriver', 'libLLVMDemangle',
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'libLLVMBinaryFormat', 'libLLVMLineEditor',
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'libLLVMWindowsManifest', 'libLLVMX86Info', 'libLLVMX86Utils']
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_deps += cpp.find_library(d, dirs : _search)
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endforeach
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dep_llvm = declare_dependency(
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include_directories : include_directories('include'),
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dependencies : _deps,
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version : '6.0.0',
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)
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has_rtti = false
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irbuilder_h = files('include/llvm/IR/IRBuilder.h')
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It is very important that version is defined and is accurate, if it is
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not, workarounds for the wrong version of LLVM might be used resulting
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in build failures.
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``PKG_CONFIG_PATH``
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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The ``pkg-config`` utility is a hard requirement for configuring and
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building Mesa on Unix-like systems. It is used to search for external
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libraries on the system. This environment variable is used to control
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the search path for ``pkg-config``. For instance, setting
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``PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/X11R6/lib/pkgconfig`` will search for package
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metadata in ``/usr/X11R6`` before the standard directories.
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Options
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^^^^^^^
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One of the oddities of Meson is that some options are different when
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passed to :program:`meson` than to ``meson configure``. These options are
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passed as --option=foo to :program:`meson`, but -Doption=foo to
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``meson configure``. Mesa defined options are always passed as
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-Doption=foo.
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For those coming from Autotools be aware of the following:
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``--buildtype/-Dbuildtype``
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This option will set the compiler debug/optimization levels to aid
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debugging the Mesa libraries.
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Note that in Meson this defaults to ``debugoptimized``, and not
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setting it to ``release`` will yield non-optimal performance and
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binary size. Not using ``debug`` may interfere with debugging as some
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code and validation will be optimized away.
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For those wishing to pass their own optimization flags, use the
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``plain`` buildtype, which causes Meson to inject no additional
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compiler arguments, only those in the C/CXXFLAGS and those that mesa
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itself defines.
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``-Db_ndebug``
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This option controls assertions in Meson projects. When set to
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``false`` (the default) assertions are enabled, when set to true they
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are disabled. This is unrelated to the ``buildtype``; setting the
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latter to ``release`` will not turn off assertions.
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.. _cross-compilation:
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4. Cross-compilation and 32-bit builds
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--------------------------------------
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`Meson supports
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cross-compilation <https://mesonbuild.com/Cross-compilation.html>`__ by
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specifying a number of binary paths and settings in a file and passing
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this file to ``meson`` or ``meson configure`` with the ``--cross-file``
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parameter.
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This file can live at any location, but you can use the bare filename
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(without the folder path) if you put it in
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:file:`$XDG_DATA_HOME/meson/cross` or :file:`~/.local/share/meson/cross`
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Below are a few example of cross files, but keep in mind that you will
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likely have to alter them for your system.
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Those running on Arch Linux can use the AUR-maintained packages for some
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of those, as they'll have the right values for your system:
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- `meson-cross-x86-linux-gnu <https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/meson-cross-x86-linux-gnu>`__
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- `meson-cross-aarch64-linux-gnu <https://github.com/dcbaker/archlinux-meson-cross-aarch64-linux-gnu>`__
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32-bit build on x86 linux:
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.. code-block:: ini
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[binaries]
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c = '/usr/bin/gcc'
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cpp = '/usr/bin/g++'
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ar = '/usr/bin/gcc-ar'
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strip = '/usr/bin/strip'
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pkg-config = '/usr/bin/pkg-config-32'
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llvm-config = '/usr/bin/llvm-config32'
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[properties]
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c_args = ['-m32']
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c_link_args = ['-m32']
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cpp_args = ['-m32']
|
|
cpp_link_args = ['-m32']
|
|
|
|
[host_machine]
|
|
system = 'linux'
|
|
cpu_family = 'x86'
|
|
cpu = 'i686'
|
|
endian = 'little'
|
|
|
|
64-bit build on ARM linux:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: ini
|
|
|
|
[binaries]
|
|
c = '/usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc'
|
|
cpp = '/usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-g++'
|
|
ar = '/usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc-ar'
|
|
strip = '/usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-strip'
|
|
pkg-config = '/usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-pkg-config'
|
|
exe_wrapper = '/usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static'
|
|
|
|
[host_machine]
|
|
system = 'linux'
|
|
cpu_family = 'aarch64'
|
|
cpu = 'aarch64'
|
|
endian = 'little'
|
|
|
|
64-bit build on x86 Windows:
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: ini
|
|
|
|
[binaries]
|
|
c = '/usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc'
|
|
cpp = '/usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++'
|
|
ar = '/usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-ar'
|
|
strip = '/usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-strip'
|
|
pkg-config = '/usr/bin/x86_64-w64-mingw32-pkg-config'
|
|
exe_wrapper = 'wine'
|
|
|
|
[host_machine]
|
|
system = 'windows'
|
|
cpu_family = 'x86_64'
|
|
cpu = 'i686'
|
|
endian = 'little'
|