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The sections on git urls and remotes files in the git-fetch, git-pull, and git-push manpages seem long enough to be worth a manpage section of their own. Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@citi.umich.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
70 lines
3.2 KiB
Plaintext
70 lines
3.2 KiB
Plaintext
<repository>::
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The "remote" repository that is the source of a fetch
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or pull operation. See the section <<URLS,GIT URLS>> below.
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<refspec>::
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The canonical format of a <refspec> parameter is
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`+?<src>:<dst>`; that is, an optional plus `+`, followed
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by the source ref, followed by a colon `:`, followed by
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the destination ref.
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+
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The remote ref that matches <src>
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is fetched, and if <dst> is not empty string, the local
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ref that matches it is fast forwarded using <src>.
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Again, if the optional plus `+` is used, the local ref
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is updated even if it does not result in a fast forward
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update.
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+
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[NOTE]
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If the remote branch from which you want to pull is
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modified in non-linear ways such as being rewound and
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rebased frequently, then a pull will attempt a merge with
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an older version of itself, likely conflict, and fail.
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It is under these conditions that you would want to use
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the `+` sign to indicate non-fast-forward updates will
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be needed. There is currently no easy way to determine
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or declare that a branch will be made available in a
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repository with this behavior; the pulling user simply
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must know this is the expected usage pattern for a branch.
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+
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[NOTE]
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You never do your own development on branches that appear
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on the right hand side of a <refspec> colon on `Pull:` lines;
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they are to be updated by `git-fetch`. If you intend to do
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development derived from a remote branch `B`, have a `Pull:`
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line to track it (i.e. `Pull: B:remote-B`), and have a separate
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branch `my-B` to do your development on top of it. The latter
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is created by `git branch my-B remote-B` (or its equivalent `git
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checkout -b my-B remote-B`). Run `git fetch` to keep track of
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the progress of the remote side, and when you see something new
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on the remote branch, merge it into your development branch with
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`git pull . remote-B`, while you are on `my-B` branch.
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The common `Pull: master:origin` mapping of a remote `master`
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branch to a local `origin` branch, which is then merged to a
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local development branch, again typically named `master`, is made
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when you run `git clone` for you to follow this pattern.
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+
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[NOTE]
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There is a difference between listing multiple <refspec>
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directly on `git-pull` command line and having multiple
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`Pull:` <refspec> lines for a <repository> and running
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`git-pull` command without any explicit <refspec> parameters.
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<refspec> listed explicitly on the command line are always
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merged into the current branch after fetching. In other words,
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if you list more than one remote refs, you would be making
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an Octopus. While `git-pull` run without any explicit <refspec>
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parameter takes default <refspec>s from `Pull:` lines, it
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merges only the first <refspec> found into the current branch,
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after fetching all the remote refs. This is because making an
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Octopus from remote refs is rarely done, while keeping track
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of multiple remote heads in one-go by fetching more than one
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is often useful.
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+
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Some short-cut notations are also supported.
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+
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* `tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`;
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it requests fetching everything up to the given tag.
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* A parameter <ref> without a colon is equivalent to
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<ref>: when pulling/fetching, so it merges <ref> into the current
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branch without storing the remote branch anywhere locally
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