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The documentation was quite inconsistent when spelling 'git cmd' if it
only refers to the program, not to some specific invocation syntax:
both 'git-cmd' and 'git cmd' spellings exist.
The current trend goes towards dashless forms, and there is precedent
in 647ac70 (git-svn.txt: stop using dash-form of commands.,
2009-07-07) to actively eliminate the dashed variants.
Replace 'git-cmd' with 'git cmd' throughout, except where git-shell,
git-cvsserver, git-upload-pack, git-receive-pack, and
git-upload-archive are concerned, because those really live in the
$PATH.
157 lines
4.8 KiB
Plaintext
157 lines
4.8 KiB
Plaintext
git-fsck(1)
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===========
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NAME
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----
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git-fsck - Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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[verse]
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'git fsck' [--tags] [--root] [--unreachable] [--cache] [--no-reflogs]
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[--[no-]full] [--strict] [--verbose] [--lost-found] [<object>*]
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database.
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OPTIONS
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-------
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<object>::
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An object to treat as the head of an unreachability trace.
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+
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If no objects are given, 'git fsck' defaults to using the
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index file, all SHA1 references in .git/refs/*, and all reflogs (unless
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--no-reflogs is given) as heads.
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--unreachable::
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Print out objects that exist but that aren't readable from any
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of the reference nodes.
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--root::
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Report root nodes.
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--tags::
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Report tags.
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--cache::
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Consider any object recorded in the index also as a head node for
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an unreachability trace.
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--no-reflogs::
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Do not consider commits that are referenced only by an
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entry in a reflog to be reachable. This option is meant
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only to search for commits that used to be in a ref, but
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now aren't, but are still in that corresponding reflog.
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--full::
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Check not just objects in GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
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($GIT_DIR/objects), but also the ones found in alternate
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object pools listed in GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES
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or $GIT_DIR/objects/info/alternates,
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and in packed git archives found in $GIT_DIR/objects/pack
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and corresponding pack subdirectories in alternate
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object pools. This is now default; you can turn it off
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with --no-full.
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--strict::
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Enable more strict checking, namely to catch a file mode
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recorded with g+w bit set, which was created by older
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versions of git. Existing repositories, including the
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Linux kernel, git itself, and sparse repository have old
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objects that triggers this check, but it is recommended
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to check new projects with this flag.
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--verbose::
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Be chatty.
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--lost-found::
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Write dangling objects into .git/lost-found/commit/ or
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.git/lost-found/other/, depending on type. If the object is
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a blob, the contents are written into the file, rather than
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its object name.
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It tests SHA1 and general object sanity, and it does full tracking of
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the resulting reachability and everything else. It prints out any
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corruption it finds (missing or bad objects), and if you use the
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'--unreachable' flag it will also print out objects that exist but
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that aren't readable from any of the specified head nodes.
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So for example
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git fsck --unreachable HEAD \
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$(git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/heads)
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will do quite a _lot_ of verification on the tree. There are a few
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extra validity tests to be added (make sure that tree objects are
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sorted properly etc), but on the whole if 'git fsck' is happy, you
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do have a valid tree.
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Any corrupt objects you will have to find in backups or other archives
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(i.e., you can just remove them and do an 'rsync' with some other site in
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the hopes that somebody else has the object you have corrupted).
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Of course, "valid tree" doesn't mean that it wasn't generated by some
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evil person, and the end result might be crap. git is a revision
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tracking system, not a quality assurance system ;)
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Extracted Diagnostics
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---------------------
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expect dangling commits - potential heads - due to lack of head information::
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You haven't specified any nodes as heads so it won't be
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possible to differentiate between un-parented commits and
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root nodes.
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missing sha1 directory '<dir>'::
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The directory holding the sha1 objects is missing.
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unreachable <type> <object>::
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The <type> object <object>, isn't actually referred to directly
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or indirectly in any of the trees or commits seen. This can
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mean that there's another root node that you're not specifying
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or that the tree is corrupt. If you haven't missed a root node
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then you might as well delete unreachable nodes since they
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can't be used.
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missing <type> <object>::
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The <type> object <object>, is referred to but isn't present in
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the database.
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dangling <type> <object>::
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The <type> object <object>, is present in the database but never
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'directly' used. A dangling commit could be a root node.
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warning: git-fsck: tree <tree> has full pathnames in it::
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And it shouldn't...
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sha1 mismatch <object>::
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The database has an object who's sha1 doesn't match the
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database value.
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This indicates a serious data integrity problem.
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Environment Variables
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---------------------
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GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY::
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used to specify the object database root (usually $GIT_DIR/objects)
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GIT_INDEX_FILE::
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used to specify the index file of the index
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GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES::
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used to specify additional object database roots (usually unset)
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Author
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------
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Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Documentation
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--------------
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Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
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GIT
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---
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Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
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