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When `git diff --merge-base` was introduced at around Git 2.30, the documentation included a few errors. In the example given for `git diff --cached --merge-base`, the `--cached` flag was omitted for the `--merge-base` example. Add the missing flag. In the `git diff <commit>` case, we failed to mention that `--merge-base` is an available option. Give the usage of `--merge-base` as an option there. Finally, there are two errors in the usage of `git diff`. Firstly, we do not mention `--merge-base` in the `git diff --cached` case. Mention it so that it's consistent with the documentation. Secondly, we put the `[--merge-base]` in between `<commit>` and `[<commit>...]`. Move the `[--merge-base]` so that it's beside `[<options>]` which is a more logical grouping. Signed-off-by: Denton Liu <liu.denton@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
229 lines
7.3 KiB
Plaintext
229 lines
7.3 KiB
Plaintext
git-diff(1)
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===========
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NAME
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----
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git-diff - Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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[verse]
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'git diff' [<options>] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
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'git diff' [<options>] --cached [--merge-base] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
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'git diff' [<options>] [--merge-base] <commit> [<commit>...] <commit> [--] [<path>...]
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'git diff' [<options>] <commit>...<commit> [--] [<path>...]
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'git diff' [<options>] <blob> <blob>
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'git diff' [<options>] --no-index [--] <path> <path>
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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Show changes between the working tree and the index or a tree, changes
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between the index and a tree, changes between two trees, changes resulting
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from a merge, changes between two blob objects, or changes between two
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files on disk.
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'git diff' [<options>] [--] [<path>...]::
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This form is to view the changes you made relative to
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the index (staging area for the next commit). In other
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words, the differences are what you _could_ tell Git to
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further add to the index but you still haven't. You can
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stage these changes by using linkgit:git-add[1].
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'git diff' [<options>] --no-index [--] <path> <path>::
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This form is to compare the given two paths on the
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filesystem. You can omit the `--no-index` option when
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running the command in a working tree controlled by Git and
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at least one of the paths points outside the working tree,
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or when running the command outside a working tree
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controlled by Git. This form implies `--exit-code`.
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'git diff' [<options>] --cached [--merge-base] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]::
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This form is to view the changes you staged for the next
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commit relative to the named <commit>. Typically you
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would want comparison with the latest commit, so if you
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do not give <commit>, it defaults to HEAD.
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If HEAD does not exist (e.g. unborn branches) and
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<commit> is not given, it shows all staged changes.
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--staged is a synonym of --cached.
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+
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If --merge-base is given, instead of using <commit>, use the merge base
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of <commit> and HEAD. `git diff --cached --merge-base A` is equivalent to
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`git diff --cached $(git merge-base A HEAD)`.
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'git diff' [<options>] [--merge-base] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
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This form is to view the changes you have in your
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working tree relative to the named <commit>. You can
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use HEAD to compare it with the latest commit, or a
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branch name to compare with the tip of a different
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branch.
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+
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If --merge-base is given, instead of using <commit>, use the merge base
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of <commit> and HEAD. `git diff --merge-base A` is equivalent to
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`git diff $(git merge-base A HEAD)`.
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'git diff' [<options>] [--merge-base] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
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This is to view the changes between two arbitrary
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<commit>.
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If --merge-base is given, use the merge base of the two commits for the
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"before" side. `git diff --merge-base A B` is equivalent to
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`git diff $(git merge-base A B) B`.
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'git diff' [<options>] <commit> <commit>... <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
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This form is to view the results of a merge commit. The first
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listed <commit> must be the merge itself; the remaining two or
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more commits should be its parents. A convenient way to produce
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the desired set of revisions is to use the `^@` suffix.
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For instance, if `master` names a merge commit, `git diff master
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master^@` gives the same combined diff as `git show master`.
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'git diff' [<options>] <commit>..<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
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This is synonymous to the earlier form (without the `..`) for
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viewing the changes between two arbitrary <commit>. If <commit> on
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one side is omitted, it will have the same effect as
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using HEAD instead.
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'git diff' [<options>] <commit>\...<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
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This form is to view the changes on the branch containing
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and up to the second <commit>, starting at a common ancestor
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of both <commit>. `git diff A...B` is equivalent to
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`git diff $(git merge-base A B) B`. You can omit any one
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of <commit>, which has the same effect as using HEAD instead.
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Just in case you are doing something exotic, it should be
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noted that all of the <commit> in the above description, except
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in the `--merge-base` case and in the last two forms that use `..`
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notations, can be any <tree>.
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For a more complete list of ways to spell <commit>, see
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"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
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However, "diff" is about comparing two _endpoints_, not ranges,
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and the range notations (`<commit>..<commit>` and
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`<commit>...<commit>`) do not mean a range as defined in the
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"SPECIFYING RANGES" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
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'git diff' [<options>] <blob> <blob>::
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This form is to view the differences between the raw
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contents of two blob objects.
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OPTIONS
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-------
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:git-diff: 1
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include::diff-options.txt[]
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-1 --base::
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-2 --ours::
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-3 --theirs::
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Compare the working tree with the "base" version (stage #1),
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"our branch" (stage #2) or "their branch" (stage #3). The
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index contains these stages only for unmerged entries i.e.
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while resolving conflicts. See linkgit:git-read-tree[1]
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section "3-Way Merge" for detailed information.
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-0::
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Omit diff output for unmerged entries and just show
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"Unmerged". Can be used only when comparing the working tree
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with the index.
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<path>...::
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The <paths> parameters, when given, are used to limit
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the diff to the named paths (you can give directory
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names and get diff for all files under them).
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include::diff-format.txt[]
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EXAMPLES
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--------
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Various ways to check your working tree::
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+
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------------
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$ git diff <1>
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$ git diff --cached <2>
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$ git diff HEAD <3>
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------------
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<1> Changes in the working tree not yet staged for the next commit.
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<2> Changes between the index and your last commit; what you
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would be committing if you run `git commit` without `-a` option.
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<3> Changes in the working tree since your last commit; what you
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would be committing if you run `git commit -a`
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Comparing with arbitrary commits::
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+
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------------
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$ git diff test <1>
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$ git diff HEAD -- ./test <2>
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$ git diff HEAD^ HEAD <3>
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------------
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+
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<1> Instead of using the tip of the current branch, compare with the
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tip of "test" branch.
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<2> Instead of comparing with the tip of "test" branch, compare with
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the tip of the current branch, but limit the comparison to the
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file "test".
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<3> Compare the version before the last commit and the last commit.
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Comparing branches::
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+
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------------
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$ git diff topic master <1>
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$ git diff topic..master <2>
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$ git diff topic...master <3>
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------------
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<1> Changes between the tips of the topic and the master branches.
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<2> Same as above.
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<3> Changes that occurred on the master branch since when the topic
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branch was started off it.
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Limiting the diff output::
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+
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------------
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$ git diff --diff-filter=MRC <1>
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$ git diff --name-status <2>
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$ git diff arch/i386 include/asm-i386 <3>
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------------
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<1> Show only modification, rename, and copy, but not addition
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or deletion.
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<2> Show only names and the nature of change, but not actual
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diff output.
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<3> Limit diff output to named subtrees.
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Munging the diff output::
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------------
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$ git diff --find-copies-harder -B -C <1>
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$ git diff -R <2>
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------------
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<1> Spend extra cycles to find renames, copies and complete
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rewrites (very expensive).
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<2> Output diff in reverse.
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SEE ALSO
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--------
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diff(1),
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linkgit:git-difftool[1],
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linkgit:git-log[1],
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linkgit:gitdiffcore[7],
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linkgit:git-format-patch[1],
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linkgit:git-apply[1],
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linkgit:git-show[1]
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GIT
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---
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Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
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