mirror of
https://github.com/git/git.git
synced 2024-11-28 20:44:04 +08:00
c5aecfc866
Currently we detect the hash algorithm in use by the length of the object ID. This is inelegant and prevents us from using a different hash algorithm that is also 256 bits in length. Since we cannot extend the v2 format in a backward-compatible way, let's add a v3 format, which is identical, except for the addition of capabilities, which are prefixed by an at sign. We add "object-format" as the only capability and reject unknown capabilities, since we do not have a network connection and therefore cannot negotiate with the other side. For compatibility, default to the v2 format for SHA-1 and require v3 for SHA-256. In t5510, always use format v3 so we can be sure we produce consistent results across hash algorithms. Since head -n N lists the top N lines instead of the Nth line, let's run our output through sed to normalize it and compare it against a fixed value, which will make sure we get exactly what we're expecting. Signed-off-by: brian m. carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.net> Reviewed-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
253 lines
8.7 KiB
Plaintext
253 lines
8.7 KiB
Plaintext
git-bundle(1)
|
|
=============
|
|
|
|
NAME
|
|
----
|
|
git-bundle - Move objects and refs by archive
|
|
|
|
|
|
SYNOPSIS
|
|
--------
|
|
[verse]
|
|
'git bundle' create [-q | --quiet | --progress | --all-progress] [--all-progress-implied]
|
|
[--version=<version>] <file> <git-rev-list-args>
|
|
'git bundle' verify [-q | --quiet] <file>
|
|
'git bundle' list-heads <file> [<refname>...]
|
|
'git bundle' unbundle <file> [<refname>...]
|
|
|
|
DESCRIPTION
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
Some workflows require that one or more branches of development on one
|
|
machine be replicated on another machine, but the two machines cannot
|
|
be directly connected, and therefore the interactive Git protocols (git,
|
|
ssh, http) cannot be used.
|
|
|
|
The 'git bundle' command packages objects and references in an archive
|
|
at the originating machine, which can then be imported into another
|
|
repository using 'git fetch', 'git pull', or 'git clone',
|
|
after moving the archive by some means (e.g., by sneakernet).
|
|
|
|
As no
|
|
direct connection between the repositories exists, the user must specify a
|
|
basis for the bundle that is held by the destination repository: the
|
|
bundle assumes that all objects in the basis are already in the
|
|
destination repository.
|
|
|
|
OPTIONS
|
|
-------
|
|
|
|
create [options] <file> <git-rev-list-args>::
|
|
Used to create a bundle named 'file'. This requires the
|
|
'<git-rev-list-args>' arguments to define the bundle contents.
|
|
'options' contains the options specific to the 'git bundle create'
|
|
subcommand.
|
|
|
|
verify <file>::
|
|
Used to check that a bundle file is valid and will apply
|
|
cleanly to the current repository. This includes checks on the
|
|
bundle format itself as well as checking that the prerequisite
|
|
commits exist and are fully linked in the current repository.
|
|
'git bundle' prints a list of missing commits, if any, and exits
|
|
with a non-zero status.
|
|
|
|
list-heads <file>::
|
|
Lists the references defined in the bundle. If followed by a
|
|
list of references, only references matching those given are
|
|
printed out.
|
|
|
|
unbundle <file>::
|
|
Passes the objects in the bundle to 'git index-pack'
|
|
for storage in the repository, then prints the names of all
|
|
defined references. If a list of references is given, only
|
|
references matching those in the list are printed. This command is
|
|
really plumbing, intended to be called only by 'git fetch'.
|
|
|
|
<git-rev-list-args>::
|
|
A list of arguments, acceptable to 'git rev-parse' and
|
|
'git rev-list' (and containing a named ref, see SPECIFYING REFERENCES
|
|
below), that specifies the specific objects and references
|
|
to transport. For example, `master~10..master` causes the
|
|
current master reference to be packaged along with all objects
|
|
added since its 10th ancestor commit. There is no explicit
|
|
limit to the number of references and objects that may be
|
|
packaged.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[<refname>...]::
|
|
A list of references used to limit the references reported as
|
|
available. This is principally of use to 'git fetch', which
|
|
expects to receive only those references asked for and not
|
|
necessarily everything in the pack (in this case, 'git bundle' acts
|
|
like 'git fetch-pack').
|
|
|
|
--progress::
|
|
Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
|
|
by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q
|
|
is specified. This flag forces progress status even if
|
|
the standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
|
|
|
|
--all-progress::
|
|
When --stdout is specified then progress report is
|
|
displayed during the object count and compression phases
|
|
but inhibited during the write-out phase. The reason is
|
|
that in some cases the output stream is directly linked
|
|
to another command which may wish to display progress
|
|
status of its own as it processes incoming pack data.
|
|
This flag is like --progress except that it forces progress
|
|
report for the write-out phase as well even if --stdout is
|
|
used.
|
|
|
|
--all-progress-implied::
|
|
This is used to imply --all-progress whenever progress display
|
|
is activated. Unlike --all-progress this flag doesn't actually
|
|
force any progress display by itself.
|
|
|
|
--version=<version>::
|
|
Specify the bundle version. Version 2 is the older format and can only be
|
|
used with SHA-1 repositories; the newer version 3 contains capabilities that
|
|
permit extensions. The default is the oldest supported format, based on the
|
|
hash algorithm in use.
|
|
|
|
-q::
|
|
--quiet::
|
|
This flag makes the command not to report its progress
|
|
on the standard error stream.
|
|
|
|
SPECIFYING REFERENCES
|
|
---------------------
|
|
|
|
'git bundle' will only package references that are shown by
|
|
'git show-ref': this includes heads, tags, and remote heads. References
|
|
such as `master~1` cannot be packaged, but are perfectly suitable for
|
|
defining the basis. More than one reference may be packaged, and more
|
|
than one basis can be specified. The objects packaged are those not
|
|
contained in the union of the given bases. Each basis can be
|
|
specified explicitly (e.g. `^master~10`), or implicitly (e.g.
|
|
`master~10..master`, `--since=10.days.ago master`).
|
|
|
|
It is very important that the basis used be held by the destination.
|
|
It is okay to err on the side of caution, causing the bundle file
|
|
to contain objects already in the destination, as these are ignored
|
|
when unpacking at the destination.
|
|
|
|
`git clone` can use any bundle created without negative refspecs
|
|
(e.g., `new`, but not `old..new`).
|
|
If you want to match `git clone --mirror`, which would include your
|
|
refs such as `refs/remotes/*`, use `--all`.
|
|
If you want to provide the same set of refs that a clone directly
|
|
from the source repository would get, use `--branches --tags` for
|
|
the `<git-rev-list-args>`.
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLES
|
|
--------
|
|
|
|
Assume you want to transfer the history from a repository R1 on machine A
|
|
to another repository R2 on machine B.
|
|
For whatever reason, direct connection between A and B is not allowed,
|
|
but we can move data from A to B via some mechanism (CD, email, etc.).
|
|
We want to update R2 with development made on the branch master in R1.
|
|
|
|
To bootstrap the process, you can first create a bundle that does not have
|
|
any basis. You can use a tag to remember up to what commit you last
|
|
processed, in order to make it easy to later update the other repository
|
|
with an incremental bundle:
|
|
|
|
----------------
|
|
machineA$ cd R1
|
|
machineA$ git bundle create file.bundle master
|
|
machineA$ git tag -f lastR2bundle master
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
Then you transfer file.bundle to the target machine B. Because this
|
|
bundle does not require any existing object to be extracted, you can
|
|
create a new repository on machine B by cloning from it:
|
|
|
|
----------------
|
|
machineB$ git clone -b master /home/me/tmp/file.bundle R2
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
This will define a remote called "origin" in the resulting repository that
|
|
lets you fetch and pull from the bundle. The $GIT_DIR/config file in R2 will
|
|
have an entry like this:
|
|
|
|
------------------------
|
|
[remote "origin"]
|
|
url = /home/me/tmp/file.bundle
|
|
fetch = refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
|
|
------------------------
|
|
|
|
To update the resulting mine.git repository, you can fetch or pull after
|
|
replacing the bundle stored at /home/me/tmp/file.bundle with incremental
|
|
updates.
|
|
|
|
After working some more in the original repository, you can create an
|
|
incremental bundle to update the other repository:
|
|
|
|
----------------
|
|
machineA$ cd R1
|
|
machineA$ git bundle create file.bundle lastR2bundle..master
|
|
machineA$ git tag -f lastR2bundle master
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
You then transfer the bundle to the other machine to replace
|
|
/home/me/tmp/file.bundle, and pull from it.
|
|
|
|
----------------
|
|
machineB$ cd R2
|
|
machineB$ git pull
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
If you know up to what commit the intended recipient repository should
|
|
have the necessary objects, you can use that knowledge to specify the
|
|
basis, giving a cut-off point to limit the revisions and objects that go
|
|
in the resulting bundle. The previous example used the lastR2bundle tag
|
|
for this purpose, but you can use any other options that you would give to
|
|
the linkgit:git-log[1] command. Here are more examples:
|
|
|
|
You can use a tag that is present in both:
|
|
|
|
----------------
|
|
$ git bundle create mybundle v1.0.0..master
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
You can use a basis based on time:
|
|
|
|
----------------
|
|
$ git bundle create mybundle --since=10.days master
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
You can use the number of commits:
|
|
|
|
----------------
|
|
$ git bundle create mybundle -10 master
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
You can run `git-bundle verify` to see if you can extract from a bundle
|
|
that was created with a basis:
|
|
|
|
----------------
|
|
$ git bundle verify mybundle
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
This will list what commits you must have in order to extract from the
|
|
bundle and will error out if you do not have them.
|
|
|
|
A bundle from a recipient repository's point of view is just like a
|
|
regular repository which it fetches or pulls from. You can, for example, map
|
|
references when fetching:
|
|
|
|
----------------
|
|
$ git fetch mybundle master:localRef
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
You can also see what references it offers:
|
|
|
|
----------------
|
|
$ git ls-remote mybundle
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
GIT
|
|
---
|
|
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
|