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svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk ........ r76306 | antoine.pitrou | 2009-11-15 15:10:48 +0100 (dim., 15 nov. 2009) | 4 lines Issue #4969: The mimetypes module now reads the MIME database from the registry under Windows. Patch by Gabriel Genellina. ........
585 lines
20 KiB
Python
585 lines
20 KiB
Python
"""Guess the MIME type of a file.
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This module defines two useful functions:
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guess_type(url, strict=True) -- guess the MIME type and encoding of a URL.
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guess_extension(type, strict=True) -- guess the extension for a given MIME type.
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It also contains the following, for tuning the behavior:
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Data:
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knownfiles -- list of files to parse
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inited -- flag set when init() has been called
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suffix_map -- dictionary mapping suffixes to suffixes
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encodings_map -- dictionary mapping suffixes to encodings
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types_map -- dictionary mapping suffixes to types
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Functions:
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init([files]) -- parse a list of files, default knownfiles (on Windows, the
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default values are taken from the registry)
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read_mime_types(file) -- parse one file, return a dictionary or None
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"""
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import os
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import sys
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import posixpath
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import urllib.parse
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try:
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import winreg as _winreg
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except ImportError:
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_winreg = None
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__all__ = [
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"guess_type","guess_extension","guess_all_extensions",
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"add_type","read_mime_types","init"
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]
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knownfiles = [
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"/etc/mime.types",
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"/etc/httpd/mime.types", # Mac OS X
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"/etc/httpd/conf/mime.types", # Apache
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"/etc/apache/mime.types", # Apache 1
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"/etc/apache2/mime.types", # Apache 2
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"/usr/local/etc/httpd/conf/mime.types",
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"/usr/local/lib/netscape/mime.types",
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"/usr/local/etc/httpd/conf/mime.types", # Apache 1.2
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"/usr/local/etc/mime.types", # Apache 1.3
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]
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inited = False
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_db = None
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class MimeTypes:
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"""MIME-types datastore.
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This datastore can handle information from mime.types-style files
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and supports basic determination of MIME type from a filename or
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URL, and can guess a reasonable extension given a MIME type.
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"""
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def __init__(self, filenames=(), strict=True):
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if not inited:
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init()
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self.encodings_map = encodings_map.copy()
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self.suffix_map = suffix_map.copy()
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self.types_map = ({}, {}) # dict for (non-strict, strict)
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self.types_map_inv = ({}, {})
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for (ext, type) in types_map.items():
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self.add_type(type, ext, True)
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for (ext, type) in common_types.items():
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self.add_type(type, ext, False)
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for name in filenames:
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self.read(name, strict)
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def add_type(self, type, ext, strict=True):
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"""Add a mapping between a type and an extension.
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When the extension is already known, the new
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type will replace the old one. When the type
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is already known the extension will be added
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to the list of known extensions.
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If strict is true, information will be added to
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list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard
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types.
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"""
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self.types_map[strict][ext] = type
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exts = self.types_map_inv[strict].setdefault(type, [])
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if ext not in exts:
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exts.append(ext)
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def guess_type(self, url, strict=True):
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"""Guess the type of a file based on its URL.
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Return value is a tuple (type, encoding) where type is None if
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the type can't be guessed (no or unknown suffix) or a string
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of the form type/subtype, usable for a MIME Content-type
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header; and encoding is None for no encoding or the name of
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the program used to encode (e.g. compress or gzip). The
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mappings are table driven. Encoding suffixes are case
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sensitive; type suffixes are first tried case sensitive, then
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case insensitive.
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The suffixes .tgz, .taz and .tz (case sensitive!) are all
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mapped to '.tar.gz'. (This is table-driven too, using the
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dictionary suffix_map.)
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Optional `strict' argument when False adds a bunch of commonly found,
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but non-standard types.
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"""
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scheme, url = urllib.parse.splittype(url)
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if scheme == 'data':
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# syntax of data URLs:
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# dataurl := "data:" [ mediatype ] [ ";base64" ] "," data
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# mediatype := [ type "/" subtype ] *( ";" parameter )
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# data := *urlchar
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# parameter := attribute "=" value
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# type/subtype defaults to "text/plain"
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comma = url.find(',')
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if comma < 0:
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# bad data URL
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return None, None
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semi = url.find(';', 0, comma)
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if semi >= 0:
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type = url[:semi]
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else:
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type = url[:comma]
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if '=' in type or '/' not in type:
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type = 'text/plain'
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return type, None # never compressed, so encoding is None
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base, ext = posixpath.splitext(url)
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while ext in self.suffix_map:
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base, ext = posixpath.splitext(base + self.suffix_map[ext])
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if ext in self.encodings_map:
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encoding = self.encodings_map[ext]
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base, ext = posixpath.splitext(base)
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else:
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encoding = None
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types_map = self.types_map[True]
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if ext in types_map:
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return types_map[ext], encoding
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elif ext.lower() in types_map:
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return types_map[ext.lower()], encoding
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elif strict:
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return None, encoding
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types_map = self.types_map[False]
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if ext in types_map:
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return types_map[ext], encoding
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elif ext.lower() in types_map:
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return types_map[ext.lower()], encoding
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else:
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return None, encoding
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def guess_all_extensions(self, type, strict=True):
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"""Guess the extensions for a file based on its MIME type.
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Return value is a list of strings giving the possible filename
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extensions, including the leading dot ('.'). The extension is not
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guaranteed to have been associated with any particular data stream,
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but would be mapped to the MIME type `type' by guess_type().
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Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found,
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but non-standard types.
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"""
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type = type.lower()
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extensions = self.types_map_inv[True].get(type, [])
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if not strict:
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for ext in self.types_map_inv[False].get(type, []):
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if ext not in extensions:
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extensions.append(ext)
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return extensions
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def guess_extension(self, type, strict=True):
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"""Guess the extension for a file based on its MIME type.
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Return value is a string giving a filename extension,
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including the leading dot ('.'). The extension is not
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guaranteed to have been associated with any particular data
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stream, but would be mapped to the MIME type `type' by
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guess_type(). If no extension can be guessed for `type', None
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is returned.
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Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found,
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but non-standard types.
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"""
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extensions = self.guess_all_extensions(type, strict)
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if not extensions:
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return None
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return extensions[0]
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def read(self, filename, strict=True):
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"""
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Read a single mime.types-format file, specified by pathname.
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If strict is true, information will be added to
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list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard
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types.
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"""
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fp = open(filename)
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self.readfp(fp, strict)
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fp.close()
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def readfp(self, fp, strict=True):
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"""
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Read a single mime.types-format file.
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If strict is true, information will be added to
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list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard
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types.
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"""
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while 1:
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line = fp.readline()
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if not line:
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break
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words = line.split()
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for i in range(len(words)):
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if words[i][0] == '#':
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del words[i:]
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break
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if not words:
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continue
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type, suffixes = words[0], words[1:]
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for suff in suffixes:
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self.add_type(type, '.' + suff, strict)
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def read_windows_registry(self, strict=True):
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"""
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Load the MIME types database from Windows registry.
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If strict is true, information will be added to
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list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard
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types.
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"""
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# Windows only
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if not _winreg:
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return
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def enum_types(mimedb):
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i = 0
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while True:
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try:
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ctype = _winreg.EnumKey(mimedb, i)
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except EnvironmentError:
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break
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else:
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yield ctype
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i += 1
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default_encoding = sys.getdefaultencoding()
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with _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,
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r'MIME\Database\Content Type') as mimedb:
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for ctype in enum_types(mimedb):
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with _winreg.OpenKey(mimedb, ctype) as key:
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try:
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suffix, datatype = _winreg.QueryValueEx(key, 'Extension')
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except EnvironmentError:
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continue
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if datatype != _winreg.REG_SZ:
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continue
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self.add_type(ctype, suffix, strict)
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def guess_type(url, strict=True):
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"""Guess the type of a file based on its URL.
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Return value is a tuple (type, encoding) where type is None if the
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type can't be guessed (no or unknown suffix) or a string of the
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form type/subtype, usable for a MIME Content-type header; and
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encoding is None for no encoding or the name of the program used
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to encode (e.g. compress or gzip). The mappings are table
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driven. Encoding suffixes are case sensitive; type suffixes are
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first tried case sensitive, then case insensitive.
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The suffixes .tgz, .taz and .tz (case sensitive!) are all mapped
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to ".tar.gz". (This is table-driven too, using the dictionary
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suffix_map).
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Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found, but
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non-standard types.
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"""
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if _db is None:
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init()
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return _db.guess_type(url, strict)
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def guess_all_extensions(type, strict=True):
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"""Guess the extensions for a file based on its MIME type.
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Return value is a list of strings giving the possible filename
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extensions, including the leading dot ('.'). The extension is not
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guaranteed to have been associated with any particular data
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stream, but would be mapped to the MIME type `type' by
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guess_type(). If no extension can be guessed for `type', None
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is returned.
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Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found,
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but non-standard types.
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"""
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if _db is None:
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init()
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return _db.guess_all_extensions(type, strict)
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def guess_extension(type, strict=True):
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"""Guess the extension for a file based on its MIME type.
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Return value is a string giving a filename extension, including the
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leading dot ('.'). The extension is not guaranteed to have been
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associated with any particular data stream, but would be mapped to the
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MIME type `type' by guess_type(). If no extension can be guessed for
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`type', None is returned.
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Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found,
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but non-standard types.
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"""
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if _db is None:
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init()
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return _db.guess_extension(type, strict)
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def add_type(type, ext, strict=True):
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"""Add a mapping between a type and an extension.
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When the extension is already known, the new
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type will replace the old one. When the type
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is already known the extension will be added
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to the list of known extensions.
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If strict is true, information will be added to
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list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard
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types.
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"""
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if _db is None:
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init()
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return _db.add_type(type, ext, strict)
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def init(files=None):
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global suffix_map, types_map, encodings_map, common_types
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global inited, _db
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inited = True # so that MimeTypes.__init__() doesn't call us again
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db = MimeTypes()
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if files is None:
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if _winreg:
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db.read_windows_registry()
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files = knownfiles
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for file in files:
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if os.path.isfile(file):
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db.readfp(open(file))
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encodings_map = db.encodings_map
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suffix_map = db.suffix_map
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types_map = db.types_map[True]
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common_types = db.types_map[False]
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# Make the DB a global variable now that it is fully initialized
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_db = db
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def read_mime_types(file):
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try:
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f = open(file)
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except IOError:
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return None
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db = MimeTypes()
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db.readfp(f, True)
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return db.types_map[True]
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def _default_mime_types():
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global suffix_map
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global encodings_map
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global types_map
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global common_types
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suffix_map = {
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'.tgz': '.tar.gz',
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'.taz': '.tar.gz',
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'.tz': '.tar.gz',
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'.tbz2': '.tar.bz2',
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}
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encodings_map = {
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'.gz': 'gzip',
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'.Z': 'compress',
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'.bz2': 'bzip2',
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}
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# Before adding new types, make sure they are either registered with IANA,
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# at http://www.isi.edu/in-notes/iana/assignments/media-types
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# or extensions, i.e. using the x- prefix
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# If you add to these, please keep them sorted!
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types_map = {
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'.a' : 'application/octet-stream',
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'.ai' : 'application/postscript',
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'.aif' : 'audio/x-aiff',
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'.aifc' : 'audio/x-aiff',
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'.aiff' : 'audio/x-aiff',
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'.au' : 'audio/basic',
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'.avi' : 'video/x-msvideo',
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'.bat' : 'text/plain',
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'.bcpio' : 'application/x-bcpio',
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'.bin' : 'application/octet-stream',
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'.bmp' : 'image/x-ms-bmp',
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'.c' : 'text/plain',
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# Duplicates :(
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'.cdf' : 'application/x-cdf',
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'.cdf' : 'application/x-netcdf',
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'.cpio' : 'application/x-cpio',
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'.csh' : 'application/x-csh',
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'.css' : 'text/css',
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'.dll' : 'application/octet-stream',
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'.doc' : 'application/msword',
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'.dot' : 'application/msword',
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'.dvi' : 'application/x-dvi',
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'.eml' : 'message/rfc822',
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'.eps' : 'application/postscript',
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'.etx' : 'text/x-setext',
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'.exe' : 'application/octet-stream',
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'.gif' : 'image/gif',
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'.gtar' : 'application/x-gtar',
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'.h' : 'text/plain',
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'.hdf' : 'application/x-hdf',
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'.htm' : 'text/html',
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'.html' : 'text/html',
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'.ief' : 'image/ief',
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'.jpe' : 'image/jpeg',
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'.jpeg' : 'image/jpeg',
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'.jpg' : 'image/jpeg',
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'.js' : 'application/x-javascript',
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'.ksh' : 'text/plain',
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'.latex' : 'application/x-latex',
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'.m1v' : 'video/mpeg',
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'.man' : 'application/x-troff-man',
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'.me' : 'application/x-troff-me',
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'.mht' : 'message/rfc822',
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'.mhtml' : 'message/rfc822',
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'.mif' : 'application/x-mif',
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'.mov' : 'video/quicktime',
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'.movie' : 'video/x-sgi-movie',
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'.mp2' : 'audio/mpeg',
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'.mp3' : 'audio/mpeg',
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'.mp4' : 'video/mp4',
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'.mpa' : 'video/mpeg',
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'.mpe' : 'video/mpeg',
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'.mpeg' : 'video/mpeg',
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'.mpg' : 'video/mpeg',
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'.ms' : 'application/x-troff-ms',
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'.nc' : 'application/x-netcdf',
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'.nws' : 'message/rfc822',
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'.o' : 'application/octet-stream',
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'.obj' : 'application/octet-stream',
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'.oda' : 'application/oda',
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'.p12' : 'application/x-pkcs12',
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'.p7c' : 'application/pkcs7-mime',
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'.pbm' : 'image/x-portable-bitmap',
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'.pdf' : 'application/pdf',
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'.pfx' : 'application/x-pkcs12',
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'.pgm' : 'image/x-portable-graymap',
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'.pl' : 'text/plain',
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'.png' : 'image/png',
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'.pnm' : 'image/x-portable-anymap',
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'.pot' : 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
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'.ppa' : 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
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'.ppm' : 'image/x-portable-pixmap',
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'.pps' : 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
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'.ppt' : 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
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'.ps' : 'application/postscript',
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'.pwz' : 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
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'.py' : 'text/x-python',
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'.pyc' : 'application/x-python-code',
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'.pyo' : 'application/x-python-code',
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'.qt' : 'video/quicktime',
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'.ra' : 'audio/x-pn-realaudio',
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'.ram' : 'application/x-pn-realaudio',
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'.ras' : 'image/x-cmu-raster',
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'.rdf' : 'application/xml',
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'.rgb' : 'image/x-rgb',
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'.roff' : 'application/x-troff',
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'.rtx' : 'text/richtext',
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'.sgm' : 'text/x-sgml',
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'.sgml' : 'text/x-sgml',
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'.sh' : 'application/x-sh',
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'.shar' : 'application/x-shar',
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'.snd' : 'audio/basic',
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'.so' : 'application/octet-stream',
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'.src' : 'application/x-wais-source',
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'.sv4cpio': 'application/x-sv4cpio',
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'.sv4crc' : 'application/x-sv4crc',
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'.swf' : 'application/x-shockwave-flash',
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'.t' : 'application/x-troff',
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'.tar' : 'application/x-tar',
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'.tcl' : 'application/x-tcl',
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'.tex' : 'application/x-tex',
|
|
'.texi' : 'application/x-texinfo',
|
|
'.texinfo': 'application/x-texinfo',
|
|
'.tif' : 'image/tiff',
|
|
'.tiff' : 'image/tiff',
|
|
'.tr' : 'application/x-troff',
|
|
'.tsv' : 'text/tab-separated-values',
|
|
'.txt' : 'text/plain',
|
|
'.ustar' : 'application/x-ustar',
|
|
'.vcf' : 'text/x-vcard',
|
|
'.wav' : 'audio/x-wav',
|
|
'.wiz' : 'application/msword',
|
|
'.wsdl' : 'application/xml',
|
|
'.xbm' : 'image/x-xbitmap',
|
|
'.xlb' : 'application/vnd.ms-excel',
|
|
# Duplicates :(
|
|
'.xls' : 'application/excel',
|
|
'.xls' : 'application/vnd.ms-excel',
|
|
'.xml' : 'text/xml',
|
|
'.xpdl' : 'application/xml',
|
|
'.xpm' : 'image/x-xpixmap',
|
|
'.xsl' : 'application/xml',
|
|
'.xwd' : 'image/x-xwindowdump',
|
|
'.zip' : 'application/zip',
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# These are non-standard types, commonly found in the wild. They will
|
|
# only match if strict=0 flag is given to the API methods.
|
|
|
|
# Please sort these too
|
|
common_types = {
|
|
'.jpg' : 'image/jpg',
|
|
'.mid' : 'audio/midi',
|
|
'.midi': 'audio/midi',
|
|
'.pct' : 'image/pict',
|
|
'.pic' : 'image/pict',
|
|
'.pict': 'image/pict',
|
|
'.rtf' : 'application/rtf',
|
|
'.xul' : 'text/xul'
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
_default_mime_types()
|
|
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
|
import sys
|
|
import getopt
|
|
|
|
USAGE = """\
|
|
Usage: mimetypes.py [options] type
|
|
|
|
Options:
|
|
--help / -h -- print this message and exit
|
|
--lenient / -l -- additionally search of some common, but non-standard
|
|
types.
|
|
--extension / -e -- guess extension instead of type
|
|
|
|
More than one type argument may be given.
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
def usage(code, msg=''):
|
|
print(USAGE)
|
|
if msg: print(msg)
|
|
sys.exit(code)
|
|
|
|
try:
|
|
opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 'hle',
|
|
['help', 'lenient', 'extension'])
|
|
except getopt.error as msg:
|
|
usage(1, msg)
|
|
|
|
strict = 1
|
|
extension = 0
|
|
for opt, arg in opts:
|
|
if opt in ('-h', '--help'):
|
|
usage(0)
|
|
elif opt in ('-l', '--lenient'):
|
|
strict = 0
|
|
elif opt in ('-e', '--extension'):
|
|
extension = 1
|
|
for gtype in args:
|
|
if extension:
|
|
guess = guess_extension(gtype, strict)
|
|
if not guess: print("I don't know anything about type", gtype)
|
|
else: print(guess)
|
|
else:
|
|
guess, encoding = guess_type(gtype, strict)
|
|
if not guess: print("I don't know anything about type", gtype)
|
|
else: print('type:', guess, 'encoding:', encoding)
|