mirror of
https://github.com/python/cpython.git
synced 2024-12-13 03:45:42 +08:00
1738311dab
Documented new formatting features: %s takes any type, and '%(key)format' % dictionary. Documented posixpath.expandvars().
137 lines
4.7 KiB
TeX
137 lines
4.7 KiB
TeX
\section{Standard Module \sectcode{posixpath}}
|
|
|
|
\stmodindex{posixpath}
|
|
This module implements some useful functions on POSIX pathnames.
|
|
|
|
\renewcommand{\indexsubitem}{(in module posixpath)}
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{basename}{p}
|
|
Return the base name of pathname
|
|
\var{p}.
|
|
This is the second half of the pair returned by
|
|
\code{posixpath.split(\var{p})}.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{commonprefix}{list}
|
|
Return the longest string that is a prefix of all strings in
|
|
\var{list}.
|
|
If
|
|
\var{list}
|
|
is empty, return the empty string (\code{''}).
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{exists}{p}
|
|
Return true if
|
|
\var{p}
|
|
refers to an existing path.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{expanduser}{p}
|
|
Return the argument with an initial component of \samp{\~} or
|
|
\samp{\~\var{user}} replaced by that \var{user}'s home directory. An
|
|
initial \samp{\~{}} is replaced by the environment variable \code{\${}HOME};
|
|
an initial \samp{\~\var{user}} is looked up in the password directory through
|
|
the built-in module \code{pwd}. If the expansion fails, or if the
|
|
path does not begin with a tilde, the path is returned unchanged.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{expandvars}{p}
|
|
Return the argument with environment variables expanded. Substrings
|
|
of the form \samp{\$\var{name}} or \samp{\$\{\var{name}\}} are
|
|
replaced by the value of environment variable \var{name}. Malformed
|
|
variable names and references to non-existing variables are left
|
|
unchanged.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{isabs}{p}
|
|
Return true if \var{p} is an absolute pathname (begins with a slash).
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{isfile}{p}
|
|
Return true if \var{p} is an existing regular file. This follows
|
|
symbolic links, so both islink() and isfile() can be true for the same
|
|
path.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{isdir}{p}
|
|
Return true if \var{p} is an existing directory. This follows
|
|
symbolic links, so both islink() and isdir() can be true for the same
|
|
path.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{islink}{p}
|
|
Return true if
|
|
\var{p}
|
|
refers to a directory entry that is a symbolic link.
|
|
Always false if symbolic links are not supported.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{ismount}{p}
|
|
Return true if \var{p} is a mount point. (This currently checks whether
|
|
\code{\var{p}/..} is on a different device from \var{p} or whether
|
|
\code{\var{p}/..} and \var{p} point to the same i-node on the same
|
|
device --- is this test correct for all \UNIX{} and POSIX variants?)
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{join}{p\, q}
|
|
Join the paths
|
|
\var{p}
|
|
and
|
|
\var{q} intelligently:
|
|
If
|
|
\var{q}
|
|
is an absolute path, the return value is
|
|
\var{q}.
|
|
Otherwise, the concatenation of
|
|
\var{p}
|
|
and
|
|
\var{q}
|
|
is returned, with a slash (\code{'/'}) inserted unless
|
|
\var{p}
|
|
is empty or ends in a slash.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{normcase}{p}
|
|
Normalize the case of a pathname. This returns the path unchanged;
|
|
however, a similar function in \code{macpath} converts upper case to
|
|
lower case.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{samefile}{p\, q}
|
|
Return true if both pathname arguments refer to the same file or directory
|
|
(as indicated by device number and i-node number).
|
|
Raise an exception if a stat call on either pathname fails.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{split}{p}
|
|
Split the pathname \var{p} in a pair \code{(\var{head}, \var{tail})}, where
|
|
\var{tail} is the last pathname component and \var{head} is
|
|
everything leading up to that. If \var{p} ends in a slash (except if
|
|
it is the root), the trailing slash is removed and the operation
|
|
applied to the result; otherwise, \code{join(\var{head}, \var{tail})} equals
|
|
\var{p}. The \var{tail} part never contains a slash. Some boundary
|
|
cases: if \var{p} is the root, \var{head} equals \var{p} and
|
|
\var{tail} is empty; if \var{p} is empty, both \var{head} and
|
|
\var{tail} are empty; if \var{p} contains no slash, \var{head} is
|
|
empty and \var{tail} equals \var{p}.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{splitext}{p}
|
|
Split the pathname \var{p} in a pair \code{(\var{root}, \var{ext})}
|
|
such that \code{\var{root} + \var{ext} == \var{p}},
|
|
the last component of \var{root} contains no periods,
|
|
and \var{ext} is empty or begins with a period.
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{walk}{p\, visit\, arg}
|
|
Calls the function \var{visit} with arguments
|
|
\code{(\var{arg}, \var{dirname}, \var{names})} for each directory in the
|
|
directory tree rooted at \var{p} (including \var{p} itself, if it is a
|
|
directory). The argument \var{dirname} specifies the visited directory,
|
|
the argument \var{names} lists the files in the directory (gotten from
|
|
\code{posix.listdir(\var{dirname})}). The \var{visit} function may
|
|
modify \var{names} to influence the set of directories visited below
|
|
\var{dirname}, e.g., to avoid visiting certain parts of the tree. (The
|
|
object referred to by \var{names} must be modified in place, using
|
|
\code{del} or slice assignment.)
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|