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cpython/Lib/cgi.py

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#! /usr/local/bin/python
# NOTE: the above "/usr/local/bin/python" is NOT a mistake. It is
# intentionally NOT "/usr/bin/env python". On many systems
# (e.g. Solaris), /usr/local/bin is not in $PATH as passed to CGI
# scripts, and /usr/local/bin is the default directory where Python is
# installed, so /usr/bin/env would be unable to find python. Granted,
# binary installations by Linux vendors often install Python in
# /usr/bin. So let those vendors patch cgi.py to match their choice
# of installation.
"""Support module for CGI (Common Gateway Interface) scripts.
This module defines a number of utilities for use by CGI scripts
written in Python.
"""
# XXX Perhaps there should be a slimmed version that doesn't contain
# all those backwards compatible and debugging classes and functions?
# History
# -------
#
# Michael McLay started this module. Steve Majewski changed the
# interface to SvFormContentDict and FormContentDict. The multipart
# parsing was inspired by code submitted by Andreas Paepcke. Guido van
# Rossum rewrote, reformatted and documented the module and is currently
# responsible for its maintenance.
#
__version__ = "2.6"
# Imports
# =======
import sys
import os
import urllib
import mimetools
import rfc822
import UserDict
from StringIO import StringIO
__all__ = ["MiniFieldStorage", "FieldStorage", "FormContentDict",
"SvFormContentDict", "InterpFormContentDict", "FormContent",
"parse", "parse_qs", "parse_qsl", "parse_multipart",
"parse_header", "print_exception", "print_environ",
"print_form", "print_directory", "print_arguments",
"print_environ_usage", "escape"]
# Logging support
# ===============
logfile = "" # Filename to log to, if not empty
logfp = None # File object to log to, if not None
def initlog(*allargs):
"""Write a log message, if there is a log file.
Even though this function is called initlog(), you should always
use log(); log is a variable that is set either to initlog
(initially), to dolog (once the log file has been opened), or to
nolog (when logging is disabled).
The first argument is a format string; the remaining arguments (if
any) are arguments to the % operator, so e.g.
log("%s: %s", "a", "b")
will write "a: b" to the log file, followed by a newline.
If the global logfp is not None, it should be a file object to
which log data is written.
If the global logfp is None, the global logfile may be a string
giving a filename to open, in append mode. This file should be
world writable!!! If the file can't be opened, logging is
silently disabled (since there is no safe place where we could
send an error message).
"""
global logfp, log
if logfile and not logfp:
try:
logfp = open(logfile, "a")
except IOError:
pass
if not logfp:
log = nolog
else:
log = dolog
apply(log, allargs)
def dolog(fmt, *args):
"""Write a log message to the log file. See initlog() for docs."""
logfp.write(fmt%args + "\n")
def nolog(*allargs):
"""Dummy function, assigned to log when logging is disabled."""
pass
log = initlog # The current logging function
# Parsing functions
# =================
# Maximum input we will accept when REQUEST_METHOD is POST
# 0 ==> unlimited input
maxlen = 0
def parse(fp=None, environ=os.environ, keep_blank_values=0, strict_parsing=0):
"""Parse a query in the environment or from a file (default stdin)
Arguments, all optional:
fp : file pointer; default: sys.stdin
environ : environment dictionary; default: os.environ
keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in
URL encoded forms should be treated as blank strings.
A true value indicates that blanks should be retained as
blank strings. The default false value indicates that
blank values are to be ignored and treated as if they were
not included.
strict_parsing: flag indicating what to do with parsing errors.
If false (the default), errors are silently ignored.
If true, errors raise a ValueError exception.
"""
if not fp:
fp = sys.stdin
if not environ.has_key('REQUEST_METHOD'):
environ['REQUEST_METHOD'] = 'GET' # For testing stand-alone
if environ['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST':
ctype, pdict = parse_header(environ['CONTENT_TYPE'])
if ctype == 'multipart/form-data':
return parse_multipart(fp, pdict)
elif ctype == 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded':
clength = int(environ['CONTENT_LENGTH'])
if maxlen and clength > maxlen:
raise ValueError, 'Maximum content length exceeded'
qs = fp.read(clength)
else:
qs = '' # Unknown content-type
if environ.has_key('QUERY_STRING'):
if qs: qs = qs + '&'
qs = qs + environ['QUERY_STRING']
elif sys.argv[1:]:
if qs: qs = qs + '&'
qs = qs + sys.argv[1]
environ['QUERY_STRING'] = qs # XXX Shouldn't, really
elif environ.has_key('QUERY_STRING'):
qs = environ['QUERY_STRING']
else:
if sys.argv[1:]:
qs = sys.argv[1]
else:
qs = ""
environ['QUERY_STRING'] = qs # XXX Shouldn't, really
return parse_qs(qs, keep_blank_values, strict_parsing)
def parse_qs(qs, keep_blank_values=0, strict_parsing=0):
"""Parse a query given as a string argument.
Arguments:
qs: URL-encoded query string to be parsed
keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in
URL encoded queries should be treated as blank strings.
A true value indicates that blanks should be retained as
blank strings. The default false value indicates that
blank values are to be ignored and treated as if they were
not included.
strict_parsing: flag indicating what to do with parsing errors.
If false (the default), errors are silently ignored.
If true, errors raise a ValueError exception.
"""
dict = {}
for name, value in parse_qsl(qs, keep_blank_values, strict_parsing):
if dict.has_key(name):
dict[name].append(value)
else:
dict[name] = [value]
return dict
def parse_qsl(qs, keep_blank_values=0, strict_parsing=0):
"""Parse a query given as a string argument.
Arguments:
qs: URL-encoded query string to be parsed
keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in
URL encoded queries should be treated as blank strings. A
true value indicates that blanks should be retained as blank
strings. The default false value indicates that blank values
are to be ignored and treated as if they were not included.
strict_parsing: flag indicating what to do with parsing errors. If
false (the default), errors are silently ignored. If true,
errors raise a ValueError exception.
Returns a list, as G-d intended.
"""
pairs = [s2 for s1 in qs.split('&') for s2 in s1.split(';')]
r = []
for name_value in pairs:
nv = name_value.split('=', 1)
if len(nv) != 2:
if strict_parsing:
raise ValueError, "bad query field: %s" % `name_value`
continue
if len(nv[1]) or keep_blank_values:
name = urllib.unquote(nv[0].replace('+', ' '))
value = urllib.unquote(nv[1].replace('+', ' '))
r.append((name, value))
return r
def parse_multipart(fp, pdict):
"""Parse multipart input.
Arguments:
fp : input file
pdict: dictionary containing other parameters of conten-type header
Returns a dictionary just like parse_qs(): keys are the field names, each
value is a list of values for that field. This is easy to use but not
much good if you are expecting megabytes to be uploaded -- in that case,
use the FieldStorage class instead which is much more flexible. Note
that content-type is the raw, unparsed contents of the content-type
header.
XXX This does not parse nested multipart parts -- use FieldStorage for
that.
XXX This should really be subsumed by FieldStorage altogether -- no
point in having two implementations of the same parsing algorithm.
"""
boundary = ""
if pdict.has_key('boundary'):
boundary = pdict['boundary']
if not valid_boundary(boundary):
raise ValueError, ('Invalid boundary in multipart form: %s'
% `boundary`)
nextpart = "--" + boundary
lastpart = "--" + boundary + "--"
partdict = {}
terminator = ""
while terminator != lastpart:
bytes = -1
data = None
if terminator:
# At start of next part. Read headers first.
headers = mimetools.Message(fp)
clength = headers.getheader('content-length')
if clength:
try:
bytes = int(clength)
except ValueError:
pass
if bytes > 0:
if maxlen and bytes > maxlen:
raise ValueError, 'Maximum content length exceeded'
data = fp.read(bytes)
else:
data = ""
# Read lines until end of part.
lines = []
while 1:
line = fp.readline()
if not line:
terminator = lastpart # End outer loop
break
if line[:2] == "--":
terminator = line.strip()
if terminator in (nextpart, lastpart):
break
lines.append(line)
# Done with part.
if data is None:
continue
if bytes < 0:
if lines:
# Strip final line terminator
line = lines[-1]
if line[-2:] == "\r\n":
line = line[:-2]
elif line[-1:] == "\n":
line = line[:-1]
lines[-1] = line
data = "".join(lines)
line = headers['content-disposition']
if not line:
continue
key, params = parse_header(line)
if key != 'form-data':
continue
if params.has_key('name'):
name = params['name']
else:
continue
if partdict.has_key(name):
partdict[name].append(data)
else:
partdict[name] = [data]
return partdict
def parse_header(line):
"""Parse a Content-type like header.
Return the main content-type and a dictionary of options.
"""
plist = map(lambda x: x.strip(), line.split(';'))
key = plist[0].lower()
del plist[0]
pdict = {}
for p in plist:
i = p.find('=')
if i >= 0:
name = p[:i].strip().lower()
value = p[i+1:].strip()
if len(value) >= 2 and value[0] == value[-1] == '"':
value = value[1:-1]
pdict[name] = value
return key, pdict
# Classes for field storage
# =========================
class MiniFieldStorage:
"""Like FieldStorage, for use when no file uploads are possible."""
# Dummy attributes
filename = None
list = None
type = None
file = None
type_options = {}
disposition = None
disposition_options = {}
headers = {}
def __init__(self, name, value):
"""Constructor from field name and value."""
self.name = name
self.value = value
# self.file = StringIO(value)
def __repr__(self):
"""Return printable representation."""
return "MiniFieldStorage(%s, %s)" % (`self.name`, `self.value`)
class FieldStorage:
"""Store a sequence of fields, reading multipart/form-data.
This class provides naming, typing, files stored on disk, and
more. At the top level, it is accessible like a dictionary, whose
keys are the field names. (Note: None can occur as a field name.)
The items are either a Python list (if there's multiple values) or
another FieldStorage or MiniFieldStorage object. If it's a single
object, it has the following attributes:
name: the field name, if specified; otherwise None
filename: the filename, if specified; otherwise None; this is the
client side filename, *not* the file name on which it is
stored (that's a temporary file you don't deal with)
value: the value as a *string*; for file uploads, this
transparently reads the file every time you request the value
file: the file(-like) object from which you can read the data;
None if the data is stored a simple string
type: the content-type, or None if not specified
type_options: dictionary of options specified on the content-type
line
disposition: content-disposition, or None if not specified
disposition_options: dictionary of corresponding options
headers: a dictionary(-like) object (sometimes rfc822.Message or a
subclass thereof) containing *all* headers
The class is subclassable, mostly for the purpose of overriding
the make_file() method, which is called internally to come up with
a file open for reading and writing. This makes it possible to
override the default choice of storing all files in a temporary
directory and unlinking them as soon as they have been opened.
"""
def __init__(self, fp=None, headers=None, outerboundary="",
environ=os.environ, keep_blank_values=0, strict_parsing=0):
"""Constructor. Read multipart/* until last part.
Arguments, all optional:
fp : file pointer; default: sys.stdin
(not used when the request method is GET)
headers : header dictionary-like object; default:
taken from environ as per CGI spec
outerboundary : terminating multipart boundary
(for internal use only)
environ : environment dictionary; default: os.environ
keep_blank_values: flag indicating whether blank values in
URL encoded forms should be treated as blank strings.
A true value indicates that blanks should be retained as
blank strings. The default false value indicates that
blank values are to be ignored and treated as if they were
not included.
strict_parsing: flag indicating what to do with parsing errors.
If false (the default), errors are silently ignored.
If true, errors raise a ValueError exception.
"""
method = 'GET'
self.keep_blank_values = keep_blank_values
self.strict_parsing = strict_parsing
if environ.has_key('REQUEST_METHOD'):
method = environ['REQUEST_METHOD'].upper()
if method == 'GET' or method == 'HEAD':
if environ.has_key('QUERY_STRING'):
qs = environ['QUERY_STRING']
elif sys.argv[1:]:
qs = sys.argv[1]
else:
qs = ""
fp = StringIO(qs)
if headers is None:
headers = {'content-type':
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
if headers is None:
headers = {}
if method == 'POST':
# Set default content-type for POST to what's traditional
headers['content-type'] = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
if environ.has_key('CONTENT_TYPE'):
headers['content-type'] = environ['CONTENT_TYPE']
if environ.has_key('CONTENT_LENGTH'):
headers['content-length'] = environ['CONTENT_LENGTH']
self.fp = fp or sys.stdin
self.headers = headers
self.outerboundary = outerboundary
# Process content-disposition header
cdisp, pdict = "", {}
if self.headers.has_key('content-disposition'):
cdisp, pdict = parse_header(self.headers['content-disposition'])
self.disposition = cdisp
self.disposition_options = pdict
self.name = None
if pdict.has_key('name'):
self.name = pdict['name']
self.filename = None
if pdict.has_key('filename'):
self.filename = pdict['filename']
# Process content-type header
#
# Honor any existing content-type header. But if there is no
# content-type header, use some sensible defaults. Assume
# outerboundary is "" at the outer level, but something non-false
# inside a multi-part. The default for an inner part is text/plain,
# but for an outer part it should be urlencoded. This should catch
# bogus clients which erroneously forget to include a content-type
# header.
#
# See below for what we do if there does exist a content-type header,
# but it happens to be something we don't understand.
if self.headers.has_key('content-type'):
ctype, pdict = parse_header(self.headers['content-type'])
elif self.outerboundary or method != 'POST':
ctype, pdict = "text/plain", {}
else:
ctype, pdict = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', {}
self.type = ctype
self.type_options = pdict
self.innerboundary = ""
if pdict.has_key('boundary'):
self.innerboundary = pdict['boundary']
clen = -1
if self.headers.has_key('content-length'):
try:
clen = int(self.headers['content-length'])
except ValueError:
pass
if maxlen and clen > maxlen:
raise ValueError, 'Maximum content length exceeded'
self.length = clen
self.list = self.file = None
self.done = 0
if ctype == 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded':
self.read_urlencoded()
elif ctype[:10] == 'multipart/':
self.read_multi(environ, keep_blank_values, strict_parsing)
else:
self.read_single()
def __repr__(self):
"""Return a printable representation."""
return "FieldStorage(%s, %s, %s)" % (
`self.name`, `self.filename`, `self.value`)
def __getattr__(self, name):
if name != 'value':
raise AttributeError, name
if self.file:
self.file.seek(0)
value = self.file.read()
self.file.seek(0)
elif self.list is not None:
value = self.list
else:
value = None
return value
def __getitem__(self, key):
"""Dictionary style indexing."""
if self.list is None:
raise TypeError, "not indexable"
found = []
for item in self.list:
if item.name == key: found.append(item)
if not found:
raise KeyError, key
if len(found) == 1:
return found[0]
else:
return found
def getvalue(self, key, default=None):
"""Dictionary style get() method, including 'value' lookup."""
if self.has_key(key):
value = self[key]
if type(value) is type([]):
return map(lambda v: v.value, value)
else:
return value.value
else:
return default
def getfirst(self, key, default=None):
""" Return the first value received."""
if self.has_key(key):
value = self[key]
if type(value) is type([]):
return value[0].value
else:
return value.value
else:
return default
def getlist(self, key):
""" Return list of received values."""
if self.has_key(key):
value = self[key]
if type(value) is type([]):
return map(lambda v: v.value, value)
else:
return [value.value]
else:
return []
def keys(self):
"""Dictionary style keys() method."""
if self.list is None:
raise TypeError, "not indexable"
keys = []
for item in self.list:
if item.name not in keys: keys.append(item.name)
return keys
def has_key(self, key):
"""Dictionary style has_key() method."""
if self.list is None:
raise TypeError, "not indexable"
for item in self.list:
if item.name == key: return True
return False
def __len__(self):
"""Dictionary style len(x) support."""
return len(self.keys())
def read_urlencoded(self):
"""Internal: read data in query string format."""
qs = self.fp.read(self.length)
self.list = list = []
for key, value in parse_qsl(qs, self.keep_blank_values,
self.strict_parsing):
list.append(MiniFieldStorage(key, value))
self.skip_lines()
FieldStorageClass = None
def read_multi(self, environ, keep_blank_values, strict_parsing):
"""Internal: read a part that is itself multipart."""
ib = self.innerboundary
if not valid_boundary(ib):
raise ValueError, ('Invalid boundary in multipart form: %s'
% `ib`)
self.list = []
klass = self.FieldStorageClass or self.__class__
part = klass(self.fp, {}, ib,
environ, keep_blank_values, strict_parsing)
# Throw first part away
while not part.done:
headers = rfc822.Message(self.fp)
part = klass(self.fp, headers, ib,
environ, keep_blank_values, strict_parsing)
self.list.append(part)
self.skip_lines()
def read_single(self):
"""Internal: read an atomic part."""
if self.length >= 0:
self.read_binary()
self.skip_lines()
else:
self.read_lines()
self.file.seek(0)
bufsize = 8*1024 # I/O buffering size for copy to file
def read_binary(self):
"""Internal: read binary data."""
self.file = self.make_file('b')
todo = self.length
if todo >= 0:
while todo > 0:
data = self.fp.read(min(todo, self.bufsize))
if not data:
self.done = -1
break
self.file.write(data)
todo = todo - len(data)
def read_lines(self):
"""Internal: read lines until EOF or outerboundary."""
self.file = self.__file = StringIO()
if self.outerboundary:
self.read_lines_to_outerboundary()
else:
self.read_lines_to_eof()
def __write(self, line):
if self.__file is not None:
if self.__file.tell() + len(line) > 1000:
self.file = self.make_file('')
self.file.write(self.__file.getvalue())
self.__file = None
self.file.write(line)
def read_lines_to_eof(self):
"""Internal: read lines until EOF."""
while 1:
line = self.fp.readline()
if not line:
self.done = -1
break
self.__write(line)
def read_lines_to_outerboundary(self):
"""Internal: read lines until outerboundary."""
next = "--" + self.outerboundary
last = next + "--"
delim = ""
while 1:
line = self.fp.readline()
if not line:
self.done = -1
break
if line[:2] == "--":
strippedline = line.strip()
if strippedline == next:
break
if strippedline == last:
self.done = 1
break
odelim = delim
if line[-2:] == "\r\n":
delim = "\r\n"
line = line[:-2]
elif line[-1] == "\n":
delim = "\n"
line = line[:-1]
else:
delim = ""
self.__write(odelim + line)
def skip_lines(self):
"""Internal: skip lines until outer boundary if defined."""
if not self.outerboundary or self.done:
return
next = "--" + self.outerboundary
last = next + "--"
while 1:
line = self.fp.readline()
if not line:
self.done = -1
break
if line[:2] == "--":
strippedline = line.strip()
if strippedline == next:
break
if strippedline == last:
self.done = 1
break
def make_file(self, binary=None):
"""Overridable: return a readable & writable file.
The file will be used as follows:
- data is written to it
- seek(0)
- data is read from it
The 'binary' argument is unused -- the file is always opened
in binary mode.
This version opens a temporary file for reading and writing,
and immediately deletes (unlinks) it. The trick (on Unix!) is
that the file can still be used, but it can't be opened by
another process, and it will automatically be deleted when it
is closed or when the current process terminates.
If you want a more permanent file, you derive a class which
overrides this method. If you want a visible temporary file
that is nevertheless automatically deleted when the script
terminates, try defining a __del__ method in a derived class
which unlinks the temporary files you have created.
"""
import tempfile
return tempfile.TemporaryFile("w+b")
# Backwards Compatibility Classes
# ===============================
class FormContentDict(UserDict.UserDict):
"""Form content as dictionary with a list of values per field.
form = FormContentDict()
form[key] -> [value, value, ...]
form.has_key(key) -> Boolean
form.keys() -> [key, key, ...]
form.values() -> [[val, val, ...], [val, val, ...], ...]
form.items() -> [(key, [val, val, ...]), (key, [val, val, ...]), ...]
form.dict == {key: [val, val, ...], ...}
"""
def __init__(self, environ=os.environ):
self.dict = self.data = parse(environ=environ)
self.query_string = environ['QUERY_STRING']
class SvFormContentDict(FormContentDict):
"""Form content as dictionary expecting a single value per field.
If you only expect a single value for each field, then form[key]
will return that single value. It will raise an IndexError if
that expectation is not true. If you expect a field to have
possible multiple values, than you can use form.getlist(key) to
get all of the values. values() and items() are a compromise:
they return single strings where there is a single value, and
lists of strings otherwise.
"""
def __getitem__(self, key):
if len(self.dict[key]) > 1:
raise IndexError, 'expecting a single value'
return self.dict[key][0]
def getlist(self, key):
return self.dict[key]
def values(self):
result = []
for value in self.dict.values():
if len(value) == 1:
result.append(value[0])
else: result.append(value)
return result
def items(self):
result = []
for key, value in self.dict.items():
if len(value) == 1:
result.append((key, value[0]))
else: result.append((key, value))
return result
class InterpFormContentDict(SvFormContentDict):
"""This class is present for backwards compatibility only."""
def __getitem__(self, key):
v = SvFormContentDict.__getitem__(self, key)
if v[0] in '0123456789+-.':
try: return int(v)
except ValueError:
try: return float(v)
except ValueError: pass
return v.strip()
def values(self):
result = []
for key in self.keys():
try:
result.append(self[key])
except IndexError:
result.append(self.dict[key])
return result
def items(self):
result = []
for key in self.keys():
try:
result.append((key, self[key]))
except IndexError:
result.append((key, self.dict[key]))
return result
class FormContent(FormContentDict):
"""This class is present for backwards compatibility only."""
def values(self, key):
if self.dict.has_key(key) :return self.dict[key]
else: return None
def indexed_value(self, key, location):
if self.dict.has_key(key):
if len(self.dict[key]) > location:
return self.dict[key][location]
else: return None
else: return None
def value(self, key):
if self.dict.has_key(key): return self.dict[key][0]
else: return None
def length(self, key):
return len(self.dict[key])
def stripped(self, key):
if self.dict.has_key(key): return self.dict[key][0].strip()
else: return None
def pars(self):
return self.dict
# Test/debug code
# ===============
def test(environ=os.environ):
"""Robust test CGI script, usable as main program.
Write minimal HTTP headers and dump all information provided to
the script in HTML form.
"""
print "Content-type: text/html"
print
sys.stderr = sys.stdout
try:
form = FieldStorage() # Replace with other classes to test those
print_directory()
print_arguments()
print_form(form)
print_environ(environ)
print_environ_usage()
def f():
exec "testing print_exception() -- <I>italics?</I>"
def g(f=f):
f()
print "<H3>What follows is a test, not an actual exception:</H3>"
g()
except:
print_exception()
print "<H1>Second try with a small maxlen...</H1>"
global maxlen
maxlen = 50
try:
form = FieldStorage() # Replace with other classes to test those
print_directory()
print_arguments()
print_form(form)
print_environ(environ)
except:
print_exception()
def print_exception(type=None, value=None, tb=None, limit=None):
if type is None:
type, value, tb = sys.exc_info()
import traceback
print
print "<H3>Traceback (most recent call last):</H3>"
list = traceback.format_tb(tb, limit) + \
traceback.format_exception_only(type, value)
print "<PRE>%s<B>%s</B></PRE>" % (
escape("".join(list[:-1])),
escape(list[-1]),
)
del tb
def print_environ(environ=os.environ):
"""Dump the shell environment as HTML."""
keys = environ.keys()
keys.sort()
print
print "<H3>Shell Environment:</H3>"
print "<DL>"
for key in keys:
print "<DT>", escape(key), "<DD>", escape(environ[key])
print "</DL>"
print
def print_form(form):
"""Dump the contents of a form as HTML."""
keys = form.keys()
keys.sort()
print
print "<H3>Form Contents:</H3>"
if not keys:
print "<P>No form fields."
print "<DL>"
for key in keys:
print "<DT>" + escape(key) + ":",
value = form[key]
print "<i>" + escape(`type(value)`) + "</i>"
print "<DD>" + escape(`value`)
print "</DL>"
print
def print_directory():
"""Dump the current directory as HTML."""
print
print "<H3>Current Working Directory:</H3>"
try:
pwd = os.getcwd()
except os.error, msg:
print "os.error:", escape(str(msg))
else:
print escape(pwd)
print
def print_arguments():
print
print "<H3>Command Line Arguments:</H3>"
print
print sys.argv
print
def print_environ_usage():
"""Dump a list of environment variables used by CGI as HTML."""
print """
<H3>These environment variables could have been set:</H3>
<UL>
<LI>AUTH_TYPE
<LI>CONTENT_LENGTH
<LI>CONTENT_TYPE
<LI>DATE_GMT
<LI>DATE_LOCAL
<LI>DOCUMENT_NAME
<LI>DOCUMENT_ROOT
<LI>DOCUMENT_URI
<LI>GATEWAY_INTERFACE
<LI>LAST_MODIFIED
<LI>PATH
<LI>PATH_INFO
<LI>PATH_TRANSLATED
<LI>QUERY_STRING
<LI>REMOTE_ADDR
<LI>REMOTE_HOST
<LI>REMOTE_IDENT
<LI>REMOTE_USER
<LI>REQUEST_METHOD
<LI>SCRIPT_NAME
<LI>SERVER_NAME
<LI>SERVER_PORT
<LI>SERVER_PROTOCOL
<LI>SERVER_ROOT
<LI>SERVER_SOFTWARE
</UL>
In addition, HTTP headers sent by the server may be passed in the
environment as well. Here are some common variable names:
<UL>
<LI>HTTP_ACCEPT
<LI>HTTP_CONNECTION
<LI>HTTP_HOST
<LI>HTTP_PRAGMA
<LI>HTTP_REFERER
<LI>HTTP_USER_AGENT
</UL>
"""
# Utilities
# =========
def escape(s, quote=None):
"""Replace special characters '&', '<' and '>' by SGML entities."""
s = s.replace("&", "&amp;") # Must be done first!
s = s.replace("<", "&lt;")
s = s.replace(">", "&gt;")
if quote:
s = s.replace('"', "&quot;")
return s
def valid_boundary(s, _vb_pattern="^[ -~]{0,200}[!-~]$"):
import re
return re.match(_vb_pattern, s)
# Invoke mainline
# ===============
# Call test() when this file is run as a script (not imported as a module)
if __name__ == '__main__':
test()
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