diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/C API/2019-10-21-09-24-03.bpo-38540.314N_T.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/C API/2019-10-21-09-24-03.bpo-38540.314N_T.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1d73ad8fe96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/C API/2019-10-21-09-24-03.bpo-38540.314N_T.rst	
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Fixed possible leak in :c:func:`PyArg_Parse` and similar functions for
+format units ``"es#"`` and ``"et#"`` when the macro
+:c:macro:`PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN` is not defined.
diff --git a/Python/getargs.c b/Python/getargs.c
index 0ca0862912c..351889f8e51 100644
--- a/Python/getargs.c
+++ b/Python/getargs.c
@@ -1199,7 +1199,19 @@ convertsimple(PyObject *arg, const char **p_format, va_list *p_va, int flags,
                trailing 0-byte
 
             */
-            FETCH_SIZE;
+            int *q = NULL; Py_ssize_t *q2 = NULL;
+            if (flags & FLAG_SIZE_T) {
+                q2 = va_arg(*p_va, Py_ssize_t*);
+            }
+            else {
+                if (PyErr_WarnEx(PyExc_DeprecationWarning,
+                            "PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN will be required for '#' formats", 1))
+                {
+                    Py_DECREF(s);
+                    return NULL;
+                }
+                q = va_arg(*p_va, int*);
+            }
 
             format++;
             if (q == NULL && q2 == NULL) {
@@ -1232,7 +1244,19 @@ convertsimple(PyObject *arg, const char **p_format, va_list *p_va, int flags,
                 }
             }
             memcpy(*buffer, ptr, size+1);
-            STORE_SIZE(size);
+
+            if (flags & FLAG_SIZE_T) {
+                *q2 = size;
+            }
+            else {
+                if (INT_MAX < size) {
+                    Py_DECREF(s);
+                    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
+                                    "size does not fit in an int");
+                    return converterr("", arg, msgbuf, bufsize);
+                }
+                *q = (int)size;
+            }
         } else {
             /* Using a 0-terminated buffer: