cpython/Lib/configparser.py

"""Configuration file parser.

A setup file consists of sections, lead by a "[section]" header,
and followed by "name: value" entries, with continuations and such in
the style of RFC 822.

The option values can contain format strings which refer to other values in
the same section, or values in a special [DEFAULT] section.

For example:

    something: %(dir)s/whatever

would resolve the "%(dir)s" to the value of dir.  All reference
expansions are done late, on demand.

Intrinsic defaults can be specified by passing them into the
ConfigParser constructor as a dictionary.

class:

ConfigParser -- responsible for parsing a list of
                configuration files, and managing the parsed database.

    methods:

    __init__(defaults=None)
        create the parser and specify a dictionary of intrinsic defaults.  The
        keys must be strings, the values must be appropriate for %()s string
        interpolation.  Note that `__name__' is always an intrinsic default;
        its value is the section's name.

    sections()
        return all the configuration section names, sans DEFAULT

    has_section(section)
        return whether the given section exists

    has_option(section, option)
        return whether the given option exists in the given section

    options(section)
        return list of configuration options for the named section

    read(filenames)
        read and parse the list of named configuration files, given by
        name.  A single filename is also allowed.  Non-existing files
        are ignored.  Return list of successfully read files.

    readfp(fp, filename=None)
        read and parse one configuration file, given as a file object.
        The filename defaults to fp.name; it is only used in error
        messages (if fp has no `name' attribute, the string `<???>' is used).

    get(section, option, raw=False, vars=None)
        return a string value for the named option.  All % interpolations are
        expanded in the return values, based on the defaults passed into the
        constructor and the DEFAULT section.  Additional substitutions may be
        provided using the `vars' argument, which must be a dictionary whose
        contents override any pre-existing defaults.

    getint(section, options)
        like get(), but convert value to an integer

    getfloat(section, options)
        like get(), but convert value to a float

    getboolean(section, options)
        like get(), but convert value to a boolean (currently case
        insensitively defined as 0, false, no, off for False, and 1, true,
        yes, on for True).  Returns False or True.

    items(section, raw=False, vars=None)
        return a list of tuples with (name, value) for each option
        in the section.

    remove_section(section)
        remove the given file section and all its options

    remove_option(section, option)
        remove the given option from the given section

    set(section, option, value)
        set the given option

    write(fp)
        write the configuration state in .ini format
"""

try:
    from collections import OrderedDict as _default_dict
except ImportError:
    # fallback for setup.py which hasn't yet built _collections
    _default_dict = dict

import re

__all__ = ["NoSectionError", "DuplicateSectionError", "NoOptionError",
           "InterpolationError", "InterpolationDepthError",
           "InterpolationSyntaxError", "ParsingError",
           "MissingSectionHeaderError",
           "ConfigParser", "SafeConfigParser", "RawConfigParser",
           "DEFAULTSECT", "MAX_INTERPOLATION_DEPTH"]

DEFAULTSECT = "DEFAULT"

MAX_INTERPOLATION_DEPTH = 10



# exception classes
class Error(Exception):
    """Base class for ConfigParser exceptions."""

    def _get_message(self):
        """Getter for 'message'; needed only to override deprecation in
        BaseException."""
        return self.__message

    def _set_message(self, value):
        """Setter for 'message'; needed only to override deprecation in
        BaseException."""
        self.__message = value

    # BaseException.message has been deprecated since Python 2.6.  To prevent
    # DeprecationWarning from popping up over this pre-existing attribute, use
    # a new property that takes lookup precedence.
    message = property(_get_message, _set_message)

    def __init__(self, msg=''):
        self.message = msg
        Exception.__init__(self, msg)

    def __repr__(self):
        return self.message

    __str__ = __repr__

class NoSectionError(Error):
    """Raised when no section matches a requested option."""

    def __init__(self, section):
        Error.__init__(self, 'No section: %r' % (section,))
        self.section = section

class DuplicateSectionError(Error):
    """Raised when a section is multiply-created."""

    def __init__(self, section):
        Error.__init__(self, "Section %r already exists" % section)
        self.section = section

class NoOptionError(Error):
    """A requested option was not found."""

    def __init__(self, option, section):
        Error.__init__(self, "No option %r in section: %r" %
                       (option, section))
        self.option = option
        self.section = section

class InterpolationError(Error):
    """Base class for interpolation-related exceptions."""

    def __init__(self, option, section, msg):
        Error.__init__(self, msg)
        self.option = option
        self.section = section

class InterpolationMissingOptionError(InterpolationError):
    """A string substitution required a setting which was not available."""

    def __init__(self, option, section, rawval, reference):
        msg = ("Bad value substitution:\n"
               "\tsection: [%s]\n"
               "\toption : %s\n"
               "\tkey    : %s\n"
               "\trawval : %s\n"
               % (section, option, reference, rawval))
        InterpolationError.__init__(self, option, section, msg)
        self.reference = reference

class InterpolationSyntaxError(InterpolationError):
    """Raised when the source text into which substitutions are made
    does not conform to the required syntax."""

class InterpolationDepthError(InterpolationError):
    """Raised when substitutions are nested too deeply."""

    def __init__(self, option, section, rawval):
        msg = ("Value interpolation too deeply recursive:\n"
               "\tsection: [%s]\n"
               "\toption : %s\n"
               "\trawval : %s\n"
               % (section, option, rawval))
        InterpolationError.__init__(self, option, section, msg)

class ParsingError(Error):
    """Raised when a configuration file does not follow legal syntax."""

    def __init__(self, filename):
        Error.__init__(self, 'File contains parsing errors: %s' % filename)
        self.filename = filename
        self.errors = []

    def append(self, lineno, line):
        self.errors.append((lineno, line))
        self.message += '\n\t[line %2d]: %s' % (lineno, line)

class MissingSectionHeaderError(ParsingError):
    """Raised when a key-value pair is found before any section header."""

    def __init__(self, filename, lineno, line):
        Error.__init__(
            self,
            'File contains no section headers.\nfile: %s, line: %d\n%r' %
            (filename, lineno, line))
        self.filename = filename
        self.lineno = lineno
        self.line = line


class RawConfigParser:
    def __init__(self, defaults=None, dict_type=_default_dict):
        self._dict = dict_type
        self._sections = self._dict()
        self._defaults = self._dict()
        if defaults:
            for key, value in defaults.items():
                self._defaults[self.optionxform(key)] = value

    def defaults(self):
        return self._defaults

    def sections(self):
        """Return a list of section names, excluding [DEFAULT]"""
        # self._sections will never have [DEFAULT] in it
        return list(self._sections.keys())

    def add_section(self, section):
        """Create a new section in the configuration.

        Raise DuplicateSectionError if a section by the specified name
        already exists. Raise ValueError if name is DEFAULT or any of it's
        case-insensitive variants.
        """
        if section.lower() == "default":
            raise ValueError('Invalid section name: %s' % section)

        if section in self._sections:
            raise DuplicateSectionError(section)
        self._sections[section] = self._dict()

    def has_section(self, section):
        """Indicate whether the named section is present in the configuration.

        The DEFAULT section is not acknowledged.
        """
        return section in self._sections

    def options(self, section):
        """Return a list of option names for the given section name."""
        try:
            opts = self._sections[section].copy()
        except KeyError:
            raise NoSectionError(section)
        opts.update(self._defaults)
        if '__name__' in opts:
            del opts['__name__']
        return list(opts.keys())

    def read(self, filenames):
        """Read and parse a filename or a list of filenames.

        Files that cannot be opened are silently ignored; this is
        designed so that you can specify a list of potential
        configuration file locations (e.g. current directory, user's
        home directory, systemwide directory), and all existing
        configuration files in the list will be read.  A single
        filename may also be given.

        Return list of successfully read files.
        """
        if isinstance(filenames, str):
            filenames = [filenames]
        read_ok = []
        for filename in filenames:
            try:
                fp = open(filename)
            except IOError:
                continue
            self._read(fp, filename)
            fp.close()
            read_ok.append(filename)
        return read_ok

    def readfp(self, fp, filename=None):
        """Like read() but the argument must be a file-like object.

        The `fp' argument must have a `readline' method.  Optional
        second argument is the `filename', which if not given, is
        taken from fp.name.  If fp has no `name' attribute, `<???>' is
        used.

        """
        if filename is None:
            try:
                filename = fp.name
            except AttributeError:
                filename = '<???>'
        self._read(fp, filename)

    def get(self, section, option):
        opt = self.optionxform(option)
        if section not in self._sections:
            if section != DEFAULTSECT:
                raise NoSectionError(section)
            if opt in self._defaults:
                return self._defaults[opt]
            else:
                raise NoOptionError(option, section)
        elif opt in self._sections[section]:
            return self._sections[section][opt]
        elif opt in self._defaults:
            return self._defaults[opt]
        else:
            raise NoOptionError(option, section)

    def items(self, section):
        try:
            d2 = self._sections[section]
        except KeyError:
            if section != DEFAULTSECT:
                raise NoSectionError(section)
            d2 = self._dict()
        d = self._defaults.copy()
        d.update(d2)
        if "__name__" in d:
            del d["__name__"]
        return d.items()

    def _get(self, section, conv, option):
        return conv(self.get(section, option))

    def getint(self, section, option):
        return self._get(section, int, option)

    def getfloat(self, section, option):
        return self._get(section, float, option)

    _boolean_states = {'1': True, 'yes': True, 'true': True, 'on': True,
                       '0': False, 'no': False, 'false': False, 'off': False}

    def getboolean(self, section, option):
        v = self.get(section, option)
        if v.lower() not in self._boolean_states:
            raise ValueError('Not a boolean: %s' % v)
        return self._boolean_states[v.lower()]

    def optionxform(self, optionstr):
        return optionstr.lower()

    def has_option(self, section, option):
        """Check for the existence of a given option in a given section."""
        if not section or section == DEFAULTSECT:
            option = self.optionxform(option)
            return option in self._defaults
        elif section not in self._sections:
            return False
        else:
            option = self.optionxform(option)
            return (option in self._sections[section]
                    or option in self._defaults)

    def set(self, section, option, value):
        """Set an option."""
        if not section or section == DEFAULTSECT:
            sectdict = self._defaults
        else:
            try:
                sectdict = self._sections[section]
            except KeyError:
                raise NoSectionError(section)
        sectdict[self.optionxform(option)] = value

    def write(self, fp):
        """Write an .ini-format representation of the configuration state."""
        if self._defaults:
            fp.write("[%s]\n" % DEFAULTSECT)
            for (key, value) in self._defaults.items():
                fp.write("%s = %s\n" % (key, str(value).replace('\n', '\n\t')))
            fp.write("\n")
        for section in self._sections:
            fp.write("[%s]\n" % section)
            for (key, value) in self._sections[section].items():
                if key != "__name__":
                    fp.write("%s = %s\n" %
                             (key, str(value).replace('\n', '\n\t')))
            fp.write("\n")

    def remove_option(self, section, option):
        """Remove an option."""
        if not section or section == DEFAULTSECT:
            sectdict = self._defaults
        else:
            try:
                sectdict = self._sections[section]
            except KeyError:
                raise NoSectionError(section)
        option = self.optionxform(option)
        existed = option in sectdict
        if existed:
            del sectdict[option]
        return existed

    def remove_section(self, section):
        """Remove a file section."""
        existed = section in self._sections
        if existed:
            del self._sections[section]
        return existed

    #
    # Regular expressions for parsing section headers and options.
    #
    SECTCRE = re.compile(
        r'\['                                 # [
        r'(?P<header>[^]]+)'                  # very permissive!
        r'\]'                                 # ]
        )
    OPTCRE = re.compile(
        r'(?P<option>[^:=\s][^:=]*)'          # very permissive!
        r'\s*(?P<vi>[:=])\s*'                 # any number of space/tab,
                                              # followed by separator
                                              # (either : or =), followed
                                              # by any # space/tab
        r'(?P<value>.*)$'                     # everything up to eol
        )

    def _read(self, fp, fpname):
        """Parse a sectioned setup file.

        The sections in setup file contains a title line at the top,
        indicated by a name in square brackets (`[]'), plus key/value
        options lines, indicated by `name: value' format lines.
        Continuations are represented by an embedded newline then
        leading whitespace.  Blank lines, lines beginning with a '#',
        and just about everything else are ignored.
        """
        cursect = None                            # None, or a dictionary
        optname = None
        lineno = 0
        e = None                                  # None, or an exception
        while True:
            line = fp.readline()
            if not line:
                break
            lineno = lineno + 1
            # comment or blank line?
            if line.strip() == '' or line[0] in '#;':
                continue
            if line.split(None, 1)[0].lower() == 'rem' and line[0] in "rR":
                # no leading whitespace
                continue
            # continuation line?
            if line[0].isspace() and cursect is not None and optname:
                value = line.strip()
                if value:
                    cursect[optname] = "%s\n%s" % (cursect[optname], value)
            # a section header or option header?
            else:
                # is it a section header?
                mo = self.SECTCRE.match(line)
                if mo:
                    sectname = mo.group('header')
                    if sectname in self._sections:
                        cursect = self._sections[sectname]
                    elif sectname == DEFAULTSECT:
                        cursect = self._defaults
                    else:
                        cursect = self._dict()
                        cursect['__name__'] = sectname
                        self._sections[sectname] = cursect
                    # So sections can't start with a continuation line
                    optname = None
                # no section header in the file?
                elif cursect is None:
                    raise MissingSectionHeaderError(fpname, lineno, line)
                # an option line?
                else:
                    mo = self.OPTCRE.match(line)
                    if mo:
                        optname, vi, optval = mo.group('option', 'vi', 'value')
                        if vi in ('=', ':') and ';' in optval:
                            # ';' is a comment delimiter only if it follows
                            # a spacing character
                            pos = optval.find(';')
                            if pos != -1 and optval[pos-1].isspace():
                                optval = optval[:pos]
                        optval = optval.strip()
                        # allow empty values
                        if optval == '""':
                            optval = ''
                        optname = self.optionxform(optname.rstrip())
                        cursect[optname] = optval
                    else:
                        # a non-fatal parsing error occurred.  set up the
                        # exception but keep going. the exception will be
                        # raised at the end of the file and will contain a
                        # list of all bogus lines
                        if not e:
                            e = ParsingError(fpname)
                        e.append(lineno, repr(line))
        # if any parsing errors occurred, raise an exception
        if e:
            raise e

class _Chainmap:
    """Combine multiple mappings for successive lookups.

    For example, to emulate Python's normal lookup sequence:

        import __builtin__
        pylookup = _Chainmap(locals(), globals(), vars(__builtin__))
    """

    def __init__(self, *maps):
        self.maps = maps

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        for mapping in self.maps:
            try:
                return mapping[key]
            except KeyError:
                pass
        raise KeyError(key)

    def __iter__(self):
        seen = set()
        for mapping in self.maps:
            s = set(mapping) - seen
            for elem in s:
                yield elem
            seen.update(s)

    def __len__(self):
        s = set()
        s.update(*self.maps)
        return len(s)

    def get(self, key, default=None):
        try:
            return self[key]
        except KeyError:
            return default

    def __contains__(self, key):
        try:
            self[key]
        except KeyError:
            return False
        else:
            return True

    def keys(self):
        return list(self)

    def items(self):
        return [(k, self[k]) for k in self]

    def values(self):
        return [self[k] for k in self]

    def __eq__(self, other):
        return dict(self.items()) == dict(other.items())

    def __ne__(self, other):
        return not (self == other)


class ConfigParser(RawConfigParser):

    def get(self, section, option, raw=False, vars=None):
        """Get an option value for a given section.

        If `vars' is provided, it must be a dictionary. The option is looked up
        in `vars' (if provided), `section', and in `defaults' in that order.

        All % interpolations are expanded in the return values, unless the
        optional argument `raw' is true.  Values for interpolation keys are
        looked up in the same manner as the option.

        The section DEFAULT is special.
        """
        sectiondict = {}
        try:
            sectiondict = self._sections[section]
        except KeyError:
            if section != DEFAULTSECT:
                raise NoSectionError(section)
        # Update with the entry specific variables
        vardict = {}
        if vars:
            for key, value in vars.items():
                vardict[self.optionxform(key)] = value
        d = _Chainmap(vardict, sectiondict, self._defaults)
        option = self.optionxform(option)
        try:
            value = d[option]
        except KeyError:
            raise NoOptionError(option, section)

        if raw:
            return value
        else:
            return self._interpolate(section, option, value, d)

    def items(self, section, raw=False, vars=None):
        """Return a list of tuples with (name, value) for each option
        in the section.

        All % interpolations are expanded in the return values, based on the
        defaults passed into the constructor, unless the optional argument
        `raw' is true.  Additional substitutions may be provided using the
        `vars' argument, which must be a dictionary whose contents overrides
        any pre-existing defaults.

        The section DEFAULT is special.
        """
        d = self._defaults.copy()
        try:
            d.update(self._sections[section])
        except KeyError:
            if section != DEFAULTSECT:
                raise NoSectionError(section)
        # Update with the entry specific variables
        if vars:
            for key, value in vars.items():
                d[self.optionxform(key)] = value
        options = list(d.keys())
        if "__name__" in options:
            options.remove("__name__")
        if raw:
            return [(option, d[option])
                    for option in options]
        else:
            return [(option, self._interpolate(section, option, d[option], d))
                    for option in options]

    def _interpolate(self, section, option, rawval, vars):
        # do the string interpolation
        value = rawval
        depth = MAX_INTERPOLATION_DEPTH
        while depth:                    # Loop through this until it's done
            depth -= 1
            if "%(" in value:
                value = self._KEYCRE.sub(self._interpolation_replace, value)
                try:
                    value = value % vars
                except KeyError as e:
                    raise InterpolationMissingOptionError(
                        option, section, rawval, e.args[0])
            else:
                break
        if "%(" in value:
            raise InterpolationDepthError(option, section, rawval)
        return value

    _KEYCRE = re.compile(r"%\(([^)]*)\)s|.")

    def _interpolation_replace(self, match):
        s = match.group(1)
        if s is None:
            return match.group()
        else:
            return "%%(%s)s" % self.optionxform(s)


class SafeConfigParser(ConfigParser):

    def _interpolate(self, section, option, rawval, vars):
        # do the string interpolation
        L = []
        self._interpolate_some(option, L, rawval, section, vars, 1)
        return ''.join(L)

    _interpvar_re = re.compile(r"%\(([^)]+)\)s")

    def _interpolate_some(self, option, accum, rest, section, map, depth):
        if depth > MAX_INTERPOLATION_DEPTH:
            raise InterpolationDepthError(option, section, rest)
        while rest:
            p = rest.find("%")
            if p < 0:
                accum.append(rest)
                return
            if p > 0:
                accum.append(rest[:p])
                rest = rest[p:]
            # p is no longer used
            c = rest[1:2]
            if c == "%":
                accum.append("%")
                rest = rest[2:]
            elif c == "(":
                m = self._interpvar_re.match(rest)
                if m is None:
                    raise InterpolationSyntaxError(option, section,
                        "bad interpolation variable reference %r" % rest)
                var = self.optionxform(m.group(1))
                rest = rest[m.end():]
                try:
                    v = map[var]
                except KeyError:
                    raise InterpolationMissingOptionError(
                        option, section, rest, var)
                if "%" in v:
                    self._interpolate_some(option, accum, v,
                                           section, map, depth + 1)
                else:
                    accum.append(v)
            else:
                raise InterpolationSyntaxError(
                    option, section,
                    "'%%' must be followed by '%%' or '(', found: %r" % (rest,))

    def set(self, section, option, value):
        """Set an option.  Extend ConfigParser.set: check for string values."""
        if not isinstance(value, str):
            raise TypeError("option values must be strings")
        # check for bad percent signs:
        # first, replace all "good" interpolations
        tmp_value = value.replace('%%', '')
        tmp_value = self._interpvar_re.sub('', tmp_value)
        # then, check if there's a lone percent sign left
        percent_index = tmp_value.find('%')
        if percent_index != -1:
            raise ValueError("invalid interpolation syntax in %r at "
                             "position %d" % (value, percent_index))
        ConfigParser.set(self, section, option, value)