2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
:mod:`urllib.parse` --- Parse URLs into components
|
|
|
|
==================================================
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
.. module:: urllib.parse
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
:synopsis: Parse URLs into or assemble them from components.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. index::
|
|
|
|
single: WWW
|
|
|
|
single: World Wide Web
|
|
|
|
single: URL
|
|
|
|
pair: URL; parsing
|
|
|
|
pair: relative; URL
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This module defines a standard interface to break Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
|
|
|
|
strings up in components (addressing scheme, network location, path etc.), to
|
|
|
|
combine the components back into a URL string, and to convert a "relative URL"
|
|
|
|
to an absolute URL given a "base URL."
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The module has been designed to match the Internet RFC on Relative Uniform
|
|
|
|
Resource Locators (and discovered a bug in an earlier draft!). It supports the
|
|
|
|
following URL schemes: ``file``, ``ftp``, ``gopher``, ``hdl``, ``http``,
|
2008-06-23 19:23:31 +08:00
|
|
|
``https``, ``imap``, ``mailto``, ``mms``, ``news``, ``nntp``, ``prospero``,
|
|
|
|
``rsync``, ``rtsp``, ``rtspu``, ``sftp``, ``shttp``, ``sip``, ``sips``,
|
|
|
|
``snews``, ``svn``, ``svn+ssh``, ``telnet``, ``wais``.
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
The :mod:`urllib.parse` module defines the following functions:
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2010-05-25 23:36:46 +08:00
|
|
|
.. function:: urlparse(urlstring, scheme='', allow_fragments=True)
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parse a URL into six components, returning a 6-tuple. This corresponds to the
|
|
|
|
general structure of a URL: ``scheme://netloc/path;parameters?query#fragment``.
|
|
|
|
Each tuple item is a string, possibly empty. The components are not broken up in
|
|
|
|
smaller parts (for example, the network location is a single string), and %
|
|
|
|
escapes are not expanded. The delimiters as shown above are not part of the
|
|
|
|
result, except for a leading slash in the *path* component, which is retained if
|
Merged revisions 61724-61725,61731-61735,61737,61739,61741,61743-61744,61753,61761,61765-61767,61769,61773,61776-61778,61780-61783,61788,61793,61796,61807,61813 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk
................
r61724 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 01:01:12 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 49 lines
Merged revisions 61602-61723 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/sandbox/trunk/2to3/lib2to3
........
r61626 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 17:19:16 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added fixer for implicit local imports. See #2414.
........
r61628 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 17:57:43 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added a class for tests which should not run if a particular import is found.
........
r61629 | collin.winter | 2008-03-19 17:58:19 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Two more relative import fixes in pgen2.
........
r61635 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 20:16:03 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Fixed print fixer so it will do the Right Thing when it encounters __future__.print_function. 2to3 gets upset, though, so the tests have been commented out.
........
r61637 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 21:37:17 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 3 lines
Added a fixer for itertools imports (from itertools import imap, ifilterfalse --> from itertools import filterfalse)
........
r61645 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 23:22:35 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
SVN is happier when you add the files you create... -_-'
........
r61654 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 01:09:56 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added an explicit sort order to fixers -- fixes problems like #2427
........
r61664 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 04:32:40 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 3 lines
Fixes #2428 -- comments are no longer eatten by __future__ fixer.
........
r61673 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 17:22:40 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added 2to3 node pretty-printer
........
r61679 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 20:50:42 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Made node printing a little bit prettier
........
r61723 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 00:59:27 +0100 (Sa, 22 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 2 lines
Fix whitespace.
........
................
r61725 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 01:02:41 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Install lib2to3.
................
r61731 | facundo.batista | 2008-03-22 03:45:37 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Small fix that complicated the test actually when that
test failed.
................
r61732 | alexandre.vassalotti | 2008-03-22 05:08:44 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Added warning for the removal of 'hotshot' in Py3k.
................
r61733 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:07:29 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
#1918: document that weak references *to* an object are
cleared before the object's __del__ is called, to ensure that the weak
reference callback (if any) finds the object healthy.
................
r61734 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:56:23 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Activate the Sphinx doctest extension and convert howto/functional to use it.
................
r61735 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:58:38 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Allow giving source names on the cmdline.
................
r61737 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 12:00:48 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Fixup this HOWTO's doctest blocks so that they can be run with sphinx' doctest builder.
................
r61739 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 12:47:10 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Test decimal.rst doctests as far as possible with sphinx doctest.
................
r61741 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 13:04:26 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Make doctests in re docs usable with sphinx' doctest.
................
r61743 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 13:59:37 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Make more doctests in pprint docs testable.
................
r61744 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 14:07:06 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
No need to specify explicit "doctest_block" anymore.
................
r61753 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 21:08:43 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Fix-up syntax problems.
................
r61761 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:06:20 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Make collections' doctests executable.
(The <BLANKLINE>s will be stripped from presentation output.)
................
r61765 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:21:57 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Test doctests in datetime docs.
................
r61766 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:26:44 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Test doctests in operator docs.
................
r61767 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:38:33 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Enable doctests in functions.rst. Already found two errors :)
................
r61769 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 23:04:10 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 3 lines
Enable doctest running for several other documents.
We have now over 640 doctests that are run with "make doctest".
................
r61773 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 01:55:46 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Simplify demo code.
................
r61776 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 04:43:33 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 7 lines
Try to make this test a little more robust and not fail with:
timeout (10.0025) is more than 2 seconds more than expected (0.001)
I'm assuming this problem is caused by DNS lookup. This change
does a DNS lookup of the hostname before trying to connect, so the time
is not included.
................
r61777 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 05:08:30 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Speed up the test by avoiding socket timeouts.
................
r61778 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 05:43:09 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Skip the epoll test if epoll() does not work
................
r61780 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 06:47:20 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Suppress failure (to avoid a flaky test) if we cannot connect to svn.python.org
................
r61781 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:13:25 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Move itertools before future_builtins since the latter depends on the former.
From a clean build importing future_builtins would fail since itertools
wasn't built yet.
................
r61782 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:16:04 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Try to prevent the alarm going off early in tearDown
................
r61783 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:19:57 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Remove compiler warnings (on Alpha at least) about using chars as
array subscripts. Using chars are dangerous b/c they are signed
on some platforms and unsigned on others.
................
r61788 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-23 09:05:30 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Make the doctests presentation-friendlier.
................
r61793 | amaury.forgeotdarc | 2008-03-23 10:55:29 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
#1477: ur'\U0010FFFF' raised in narrow unicode builds.
Corrected the raw-unicode-escape codec to use UTF-16 surrogates in
this case, just like the unicode-escape codec.
................
r61796 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 14:32:32 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Issue 1681432: Add triangular distribution the random module.
................
r61807 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 20:37:53 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Adopt Nick's suggestion for useful default arguments.
Clean-up floating point issues by adding true division and float constants.
................
r61813 | gregory.p.smith | 2008-03-23 22:04:43 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 6 lines
Fix gzip to deal with CRC's being signed values in Python 2.x properly and to
read 32bit values as unsigned to start with rather than applying signedness
fixups allover the place afterwards.
This hopefully fixes the test_tarfile failure on the alpha/tru64 buildbot.
................
2008-03-24 05:54:12 +08:00
|
|
|
present. For example:
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
>>> from urllib.parse import urlparse
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
>>> o = urlparse('http://www.cwi.nl:80/%7Eguido/Python.html')
|
Merged revisions 61724-61725,61731-61735,61737,61739,61741,61743-61744,61753,61761,61765-61767,61769,61773,61776-61778,61780-61783,61788,61793,61796,61807,61813 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk
................
r61724 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 01:01:12 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 49 lines
Merged revisions 61602-61723 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/sandbox/trunk/2to3/lib2to3
........
r61626 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 17:19:16 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added fixer for implicit local imports. See #2414.
........
r61628 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 17:57:43 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added a class for tests which should not run if a particular import is found.
........
r61629 | collin.winter | 2008-03-19 17:58:19 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Two more relative import fixes in pgen2.
........
r61635 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 20:16:03 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Fixed print fixer so it will do the Right Thing when it encounters __future__.print_function. 2to3 gets upset, though, so the tests have been commented out.
........
r61637 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 21:37:17 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 3 lines
Added a fixer for itertools imports (from itertools import imap, ifilterfalse --> from itertools import filterfalse)
........
r61645 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 23:22:35 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
SVN is happier when you add the files you create... -_-'
........
r61654 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 01:09:56 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added an explicit sort order to fixers -- fixes problems like #2427
........
r61664 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 04:32:40 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 3 lines
Fixes #2428 -- comments are no longer eatten by __future__ fixer.
........
r61673 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 17:22:40 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added 2to3 node pretty-printer
........
r61679 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 20:50:42 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Made node printing a little bit prettier
........
r61723 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 00:59:27 +0100 (Sa, 22 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 2 lines
Fix whitespace.
........
................
r61725 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 01:02:41 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Install lib2to3.
................
r61731 | facundo.batista | 2008-03-22 03:45:37 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Small fix that complicated the test actually when that
test failed.
................
r61732 | alexandre.vassalotti | 2008-03-22 05:08:44 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Added warning for the removal of 'hotshot' in Py3k.
................
r61733 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:07:29 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
#1918: document that weak references *to* an object are
cleared before the object's __del__ is called, to ensure that the weak
reference callback (if any) finds the object healthy.
................
r61734 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:56:23 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Activate the Sphinx doctest extension and convert howto/functional to use it.
................
r61735 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:58:38 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Allow giving source names on the cmdline.
................
r61737 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 12:00:48 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Fixup this HOWTO's doctest blocks so that they can be run with sphinx' doctest builder.
................
r61739 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 12:47:10 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Test decimal.rst doctests as far as possible with sphinx doctest.
................
r61741 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 13:04:26 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Make doctests in re docs usable with sphinx' doctest.
................
r61743 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 13:59:37 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Make more doctests in pprint docs testable.
................
r61744 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 14:07:06 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
No need to specify explicit "doctest_block" anymore.
................
r61753 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 21:08:43 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Fix-up syntax problems.
................
r61761 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:06:20 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Make collections' doctests executable.
(The <BLANKLINE>s will be stripped from presentation output.)
................
r61765 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:21:57 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Test doctests in datetime docs.
................
r61766 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:26:44 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Test doctests in operator docs.
................
r61767 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:38:33 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Enable doctests in functions.rst. Already found two errors :)
................
r61769 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 23:04:10 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 3 lines
Enable doctest running for several other documents.
We have now over 640 doctests that are run with "make doctest".
................
r61773 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 01:55:46 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Simplify demo code.
................
r61776 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 04:43:33 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 7 lines
Try to make this test a little more robust and not fail with:
timeout (10.0025) is more than 2 seconds more than expected (0.001)
I'm assuming this problem is caused by DNS lookup. This change
does a DNS lookup of the hostname before trying to connect, so the time
is not included.
................
r61777 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 05:08:30 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Speed up the test by avoiding socket timeouts.
................
r61778 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 05:43:09 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Skip the epoll test if epoll() does not work
................
r61780 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 06:47:20 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Suppress failure (to avoid a flaky test) if we cannot connect to svn.python.org
................
r61781 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:13:25 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Move itertools before future_builtins since the latter depends on the former.
From a clean build importing future_builtins would fail since itertools
wasn't built yet.
................
r61782 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:16:04 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Try to prevent the alarm going off early in tearDown
................
r61783 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:19:57 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Remove compiler warnings (on Alpha at least) about using chars as
array subscripts. Using chars are dangerous b/c they are signed
on some platforms and unsigned on others.
................
r61788 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-23 09:05:30 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Make the doctests presentation-friendlier.
................
r61793 | amaury.forgeotdarc | 2008-03-23 10:55:29 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
#1477: ur'\U0010FFFF' raised in narrow unicode builds.
Corrected the raw-unicode-escape codec to use UTF-16 surrogates in
this case, just like the unicode-escape codec.
................
r61796 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 14:32:32 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Issue 1681432: Add triangular distribution the random module.
................
r61807 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 20:37:53 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Adopt Nick's suggestion for useful default arguments.
Clean-up floating point issues by adding true division and float constants.
................
r61813 | gregory.p.smith | 2008-03-23 22:04:43 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 6 lines
Fix gzip to deal with CRC's being signed values in Python 2.x properly and to
read 32bit values as unsigned to start with rather than applying signedness
fixups allover the place afterwards.
This hopefully fixes the test_tarfile failure on the alpha/tru64 buildbot.
................
2008-03-24 05:54:12 +08:00
|
|
|
>>> o # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
|
|
|
|
ParseResult(scheme='http', netloc='www.cwi.nl:80', path='/%7Eguido/Python.html',
|
|
|
|
params='', query='', fragment='')
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
>>> o.scheme
|
|
|
|
'http'
|
|
|
|
>>> o.port
|
|
|
|
80
|
|
|
|
>>> o.geturl()
|
|
|
|
'http://www.cwi.nl:80/%7Eguido/Python.html'
|
|
|
|
|
2010-05-25 23:36:46 +08:00
|
|
|
If the *scheme* argument is specified, it gives the default addressing
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
scheme, to be used only if the URL does not specify one. The default value for
|
|
|
|
this argument is the empty string.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If the *allow_fragments* argument is false, fragment identifiers are not
|
|
|
|
allowed, even if the URL's addressing scheme normally does support them. The
|
|
|
|
default value for this argument is :const:`True`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The return value is actually an instance of a subclass of :class:`tuple`. This
|
|
|
|
class has the following additional read-only convenience attributes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+--------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| Attribute | Index | Value | Value if not present |
|
|
|
|
+==================+=======+==========================+======================+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`scheme` | 0 | URL scheme specifier | empty string |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+--------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`netloc` | 1 | Network location part | empty string |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+--------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`path` | 2 | Hierarchical path | empty string |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+--------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`params` | 3 | Parameters for last path | empty string |
|
|
|
|
| | | element | |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+--------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`query` | 4 | Query component | empty string |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+--------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`fragment` | 5 | Fragment identifier | empty string |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+--------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`username` | | User name | :const:`None` |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+--------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`password` | | Password | :const:`None` |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+--------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`hostname` | | Host name (lower case) | :const:`None` |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+--------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`port` | | Port number as integer, | :const:`None` |
|
|
|
|
| | | if present | |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+--------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See section :ref:`urlparse-result-object` for more information on the result
|
|
|
|
object.
|
|
|
|
|
2010-04-22 20:19:46 +08:00
|
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 3.2
|
|
|
|
Added IPv6 URL parsing capabilities.
|
|
|
|
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2009-09-16 23:58:14 +08:00
|
|
|
.. function:: parse_qs(qs, keep_blank_values=False, strict_parsing=False)
|
2008-09-04 06:49:01 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parse a query string given as a string argument (data of type
|
|
|
|
:mimetype:`application/x-www-form-urlencoded`). Data are returned as a
|
|
|
|
dictionary. The dictionary keys are the unique query variable names and the
|
|
|
|
values are lists of values for each name.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The optional argument *keep_blank_values* is a flag indicating whether blank
|
|
|
|
values in URL encoded queries should be treated as blank strings. A true value
|
|
|
|
indicates that blanks should be retained as blank strings. The default false
|
|
|
|
value indicates that blank values are to be ignored and treated as if they were
|
|
|
|
not included.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The optional argument *strict_parsing* is a flag indicating what to do with
|
|
|
|
parsing errors. If false (the default), errors are silently ignored. If true,
|
|
|
|
errors raise a :exc:`ValueError` exception.
|
|
|
|
|
2008-12-05 15:32:56 +08:00
|
|
|
Use the :func:`urllib.parse.urlencode` function to convert such
|
|
|
|
dictionaries into query strings.
|
2008-09-04 06:49:01 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-09-16 23:58:14 +08:00
|
|
|
.. function:: parse_qsl(qs, keep_blank_values=False, strict_parsing=False)
|
2008-09-04 06:49:01 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parse a query string given as a string argument (data of type
|
|
|
|
:mimetype:`application/x-www-form-urlencoded`). Data are returned as a list of
|
|
|
|
name, value pairs.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The optional argument *keep_blank_values* is a flag indicating whether blank
|
|
|
|
values in URL encoded queries should be treated as blank strings. A true value
|
|
|
|
indicates that blanks should be retained as blank strings. The default false
|
|
|
|
value indicates that blank values are to be ignored and treated as if they were
|
|
|
|
not included.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The optional argument *strict_parsing* is a flag indicating what to do with
|
|
|
|
parsing errors. If false (the default), errors are silently ignored. If true,
|
|
|
|
errors raise a :exc:`ValueError` exception.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Use the :func:`urllib.parse.urlencode` function to convert such lists of pairs into
|
|
|
|
query strings.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
.. function:: urlunparse(parts)
|
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 19:23:31 +08:00
|
|
|
Construct a URL from a tuple as returned by ``urlparse()``. The *parts*
|
|
|
|
argument can be any six-item iterable. This may result in a slightly
|
|
|
|
different, but equivalent URL, if the URL that was parsed originally had
|
|
|
|
unnecessary delimiters (for example, a ``?`` with an empty query; the RFC
|
|
|
|
states that these are equivalent).
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010-05-25 23:36:46 +08:00
|
|
|
.. function:: urlsplit(urlstring, scheme='', allow_fragments=True)
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This is similar to :func:`urlparse`, but does not split the params from the URL.
|
|
|
|
This should generally be used instead of :func:`urlparse` if the more recent URL
|
|
|
|
syntax allowing parameters to be applied to each segment of the *path* portion
|
|
|
|
of the URL (see :rfc:`2396`) is wanted. A separate function is needed to
|
|
|
|
separate the path segments and parameters. This function returns a 5-tuple:
|
|
|
|
(addressing scheme, network location, path, query, fragment identifier).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The return value is actually an instance of a subclass of :class:`tuple`. This
|
|
|
|
class has the following additional read-only convenience attributes:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+-------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| Attribute | Index | Value | Value if not present |
|
|
|
|
+==================+=======+=========================+======================+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`scheme` | 0 | URL scheme specifier | empty string |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+-------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`netloc` | 1 | Network location part | empty string |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+-------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`path` | 2 | Hierarchical path | empty string |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+-------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`query` | 3 | Query component | empty string |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+-------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`fragment` | 4 | Fragment identifier | empty string |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+-------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`username` | | User name | :const:`None` |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+-------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`password` | | Password | :const:`None` |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+-------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`hostname` | | Host name (lower case) | :const:`None` |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+-------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
| :attr:`port` | | Port number as integer, | :const:`None` |
|
|
|
|
| | | if present | |
|
|
|
|
+------------------+-------+-------------------------+----------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See section :ref:`urlparse-result-object` for more information on the result
|
|
|
|
object.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. function:: urlunsplit(parts)
|
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 19:23:31 +08:00
|
|
|
Combine the elements of a tuple as returned by :func:`urlsplit` into a
|
|
|
|
complete URL as a string. The *parts* argument can be any five-item
|
|
|
|
iterable. This may result in a slightly different, but equivalent URL, if the
|
|
|
|
URL that was parsed originally had unnecessary delimiters (for example, a ?
|
|
|
|
with an empty query; the RFC states that these are equivalent).
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-09-16 23:58:14 +08:00
|
|
|
.. function:: urljoin(base, url, allow_fragments=True)
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Construct a full ("absolute") URL by combining a "base URL" (*base*) with
|
|
|
|
another URL (*url*). Informally, this uses components of the base URL, in
|
2008-06-23 19:23:31 +08:00
|
|
|
particular the addressing scheme, the network location and (part of) the
|
|
|
|
path, to provide missing components in the relative URL. For example:
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
>>> from urllib.parse import urljoin
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
>>> urljoin('http://www.cwi.nl/%7Eguido/Python.html', 'FAQ.html')
|
|
|
|
'http://www.cwi.nl/%7Eguido/FAQ.html'
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The *allow_fragments* argument has the same meaning and default as for
|
|
|
|
:func:`urlparse`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. note::
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If *url* is an absolute URL (that is, starting with ``//`` or ``scheme://``),
|
|
|
|
the *url*'s host name and/or scheme will be present in the result. For example:
|
|
|
|
|
Merged revisions 61724-61725,61731-61735,61737,61739,61741,61743-61744,61753,61761,61765-61767,61769,61773,61776-61778,61780-61783,61788,61793,61796,61807,61813 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk
................
r61724 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 01:01:12 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 49 lines
Merged revisions 61602-61723 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/sandbox/trunk/2to3/lib2to3
........
r61626 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 17:19:16 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added fixer for implicit local imports. See #2414.
........
r61628 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 17:57:43 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added a class for tests which should not run if a particular import is found.
........
r61629 | collin.winter | 2008-03-19 17:58:19 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Two more relative import fixes in pgen2.
........
r61635 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 20:16:03 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Fixed print fixer so it will do the Right Thing when it encounters __future__.print_function. 2to3 gets upset, though, so the tests have been commented out.
........
r61637 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 21:37:17 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 3 lines
Added a fixer for itertools imports (from itertools import imap, ifilterfalse --> from itertools import filterfalse)
........
r61645 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 23:22:35 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
SVN is happier when you add the files you create... -_-'
........
r61654 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 01:09:56 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added an explicit sort order to fixers -- fixes problems like #2427
........
r61664 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 04:32:40 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 3 lines
Fixes #2428 -- comments are no longer eatten by __future__ fixer.
........
r61673 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 17:22:40 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added 2to3 node pretty-printer
........
r61679 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 20:50:42 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Made node printing a little bit prettier
........
r61723 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 00:59:27 +0100 (Sa, 22 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 2 lines
Fix whitespace.
........
................
r61725 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 01:02:41 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Install lib2to3.
................
r61731 | facundo.batista | 2008-03-22 03:45:37 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Small fix that complicated the test actually when that
test failed.
................
r61732 | alexandre.vassalotti | 2008-03-22 05:08:44 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Added warning for the removal of 'hotshot' in Py3k.
................
r61733 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:07:29 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
#1918: document that weak references *to* an object are
cleared before the object's __del__ is called, to ensure that the weak
reference callback (if any) finds the object healthy.
................
r61734 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:56:23 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Activate the Sphinx doctest extension and convert howto/functional to use it.
................
r61735 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:58:38 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Allow giving source names on the cmdline.
................
r61737 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 12:00:48 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Fixup this HOWTO's doctest blocks so that they can be run with sphinx' doctest builder.
................
r61739 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 12:47:10 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Test decimal.rst doctests as far as possible with sphinx doctest.
................
r61741 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 13:04:26 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Make doctests in re docs usable with sphinx' doctest.
................
r61743 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 13:59:37 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Make more doctests in pprint docs testable.
................
r61744 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 14:07:06 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
No need to specify explicit "doctest_block" anymore.
................
r61753 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 21:08:43 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Fix-up syntax problems.
................
r61761 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:06:20 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Make collections' doctests executable.
(The <BLANKLINE>s will be stripped from presentation output.)
................
r61765 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:21:57 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Test doctests in datetime docs.
................
r61766 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:26:44 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Test doctests in operator docs.
................
r61767 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:38:33 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Enable doctests in functions.rst. Already found two errors :)
................
r61769 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 23:04:10 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 3 lines
Enable doctest running for several other documents.
We have now over 640 doctests that are run with "make doctest".
................
r61773 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 01:55:46 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Simplify demo code.
................
r61776 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 04:43:33 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 7 lines
Try to make this test a little more robust and not fail with:
timeout (10.0025) is more than 2 seconds more than expected (0.001)
I'm assuming this problem is caused by DNS lookup. This change
does a DNS lookup of the hostname before trying to connect, so the time
is not included.
................
r61777 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 05:08:30 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Speed up the test by avoiding socket timeouts.
................
r61778 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 05:43:09 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Skip the epoll test if epoll() does not work
................
r61780 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 06:47:20 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Suppress failure (to avoid a flaky test) if we cannot connect to svn.python.org
................
r61781 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:13:25 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Move itertools before future_builtins since the latter depends on the former.
From a clean build importing future_builtins would fail since itertools
wasn't built yet.
................
r61782 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:16:04 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Try to prevent the alarm going off early in tearDown
................
r61783 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:19:57 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Remove compiler warnings (on Alpha at least) about using chars as
array subscripts. Using chars are dangerous b/c they are signed
on some platforms and unsigned on others.
................
r61788 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-23 09:05:30 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Make the doctests presentation-friendlier.
................
r61793 | amaury.forgeotdarc | 2008-03-23 10:55:29 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
#1477: ur'\U0010FFFF' raised in narrow unicode builds.
Corrected the raw-unicode-escape codec to use UTF-16 surrogates in
this case, just like the unicode-escape codec.
................
r61796 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 14:32:32 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Issue 1681432: Add triangular distribution the random module.
................
r61807 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 20:37:53 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Adopt Nick's suggestion for useful default arguments.
Clean-up floating point issues by adding true division and float constants.
................
r61813 | gregory.p.smith | 2008-03-23 22:04:43 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 6 lines
Fix gzip to deal with CRC's being signed values in Python 2.x properly and to
read 32bit values as unsigned to start with rather than applying signedness
fixups allover the place afterwards.
This hopefully fixes the test_tarfile failure on the alpha/tru64 buildbot.
................
2008-03-24 05:54:12 +08:00
|
|
|
.. doctest::
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>>> urljoin('http://www.cwi.nl/%7Eguido/Python.html',
|
|
|
|
... '//www.python.org/%7Eguido')
|
|
|
|
'http://www.python.org/%7Eguido'
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you do not want that behavior, preprocess the *url* with :func:`urlsplit` and
|
|
|
|
:func:`urlunsplit`, removing possible *scheme* and *netloc* parts.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. function:: urldefrag(url)
|
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 19:23:31 +08:00
|
|
|
If *url* contains a fragment identifier, return a modified version of *url*
|
|
|
|
with no fragment identifier, and the fragment identifier as a separate
|
|
|
|
string. If there is no fragment identifier in *url*, return *url* unmodified
|
|
|
|
and an empty string.
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2009-09-16 23:58:14 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. function:: quote(string, safe='/', encoding=None, errors=None)
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replace special characters in *string* using the ``%xx`` escape. Letters,
|
2009-09-01 00:43:45 +08:00
|
|
|
digits, and the characters ``'_.-'`` are never quoted. By default, this
|
|
|
|
function is intended for quoting the path section of URL. The optional *safe*
|
2008-08-19 05:44:30 +08:00
|
|
|
parameter specifies additional ASCII characters that should not be quoted
|
|
|
|
--- its default value is ``'/'``.
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2008-08-19 05:44:30 +08:00
|
|
|
*string* may be either a :class:`str` or a :class:`bytes`.
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2008-08-19 05:44:30 +08:00
|
|
|
The optional *encoding* and *errors* parameters specify how to deal with
|
|
|
|
non-ASCII characters, as accepted by the :meth:`str.encode` method.
|
|
|
|
*encoding* defaults to ``'utf-8'``.
|
|
|
|
*errors* defaults to ``'strict'``, meaning unsupported characters raise a
|
|
|
|
:class:`UnicodeEncodeError`.
|
|
|
|
*encoding* and *errors* must not be supplied if *string* is a
|
|
|
|
:class:`bytes`, or a :class:`TypeError` is raised.
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2008-08-19 05:44:30 +08:00
|
|
|
Note that ``quote(string, safe, encoding, errors)`` is equivalent to
|
|
|
|
``quote_from_bytes(string.encode(encoding, errors), safe)``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Example: ``quote('/El Niño/')`` yields ``'/El%20Ni%C3%B1o/'``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-09-16 23:58:14 +08:00
|
|
|
.. function:: quote_plus(string, safe='', encoding=None, errors=None)
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 19:23:31 +08:00
|
|
|
Like :func:`quote`, but also replace spaces by plus signs, as required for
|
2009-07-29 15:27:08 +08:00
|
|
|
quoting HTML form values when building up a query string to go into a URL.
|
|
|
|
Plus signs in the original string are escaped unless they are included in
|
|
|
|
*safe*. It also does not have *safe* default to ``'/'``.
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2008-08-19 05:44:30 +08:00
|
|
|
Example: ``quote_plus('/El Niño/')`` yields ``'%2FEl+Ni%C3%B1o%2F'``.
|
|
|
|
|
2009-09-16 23:58:14 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. function:: quote_from_bytes(bytes, safe='/')
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2008-08-19 05:44:30 +08:00
|
|
|
Like :func:`quote`, but accepts a :class:`bytes` object rather than a
|
|
|
|
:class:`str`, and does not perform string-to-bytes encoding.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Example: ``quote_from_bytes(b'a&\xef')`` yields
|
|
|
|
``'a%26%EF'``.
|
|
|
|
|
2009-09-16 23:58:14 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. function:: unquote(string, encoding='utf-8', errors='replace')
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replace ``%xx`` escapes by their single-character equivalent.
|
2008-08-19 05:44:30 +08:00
|
|
|
The optional *encoding* and *errors* parameters specify how to decode
|
|
|
|
percent-encoded sequences into Unicode characters, as accepted by the
|
|
|
|
:meth:`bytes.decode` method.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*string* must be a :class:`str`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*encoding* defaults to ``'utf-8'``.
|
|
|
|
*errors* defaults to ``'replace'``, meaning invalid sequences are replaced
|
|
|
|
by a placeholder character.
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2008-08-19 05:44:30 +08:00
|
|
|
Example: ``unquote('/El%20Ni%C3%B1o/')`` yields ``'/El Niño/'``.
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-09-16 23:58:14 +08:00
|
|
|
.. function:: unquote_plus(string, encoding='utf-8', errors='replace')
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 19:23:31 +08:00
|
|
|
Like :func:`unquote`, but also replace plus signs by spaces, as required for
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
unquoting HTML form values.
|
|
|
|
|
2008-08-19 05:44:30 +08:00
|
|
|
*string* must be a :class:`str`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Example: ``unquote_plus('/El+Ni%C3%B1o/')`` yields ``'/El Niño/'``.
|
|
|
|
|
2009-09-16 23:58:14 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2008-08-19 05:44:30 +08:00
|
|
|
.. function:: unquote_to_bytes(string)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Replace ``%xx`` escapes by their single-octet equivalent, and return a
|
|
|
|
:class:`bytes` object.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*string* may be either a :class:`str` or a :class:`bytes`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If it is a :class:`str`, unescaped non-ASCII characters in *string*
|
|
|
|
are encoded into UTF-8 bytes.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Example: ``unquote_to_bytes('a%26%EF')`` yields
|
|
|
|
``b'a&\xef'``.
|
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2009-09-16 23:58:14 +08:00
|
|
|
.. function:: urlencode(query, doseq=False)
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2010-06-06 10:32:09 +08:00
|
|
|
Convert a mapping object or a sequence of two-element tuples to a
|
2010-06-02 10:29:00 +08:00
|
|
|
"url-encoded" string, suitable to pass to :func:`urlopen` above as the
|
|
|
|
optional *data* argument. This is useful to pass a dictionary of form
|
|
|
|
fields to a ``POST`` request. The resulting string is a series of
|
|
|
|
``key=value`` pairs separated by ``'&'`` characters, where both *key* and
|
|
|
|
*value* are quoted using :func:`quote_plus` above. When a sequence of
|
|
|
|
two-element tuples is used as the *query* argument, the first element of
|
|
|
|
each tuple is a key and the second is a value. The value element in itself
|
|
|
|
can be a sequence and in that case, if the optional parameter *doseq* is
|
2010-06-06 10:32:09 +08:00
|
|
|
evaluates to *True*, individual ``key=value`` pairs separated by ``'&'`` are
|
2010-06-02 10:29:00 +08:00
|
|
|
generated for each element of the value sequence for the key. The order of
|
|
|
|
parameters in the encoded string will match the order of parameter tuples in
|
|
|
|
the sequence. This module provides the functions :func:`parse_qs` and
|
|
|
|
:func:`parse_qsl` which are used to parse query strings into Python data
|
|
|
|
structures.
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. seealso::
|
|
|
|
|
2010-04-22 13:53:18 +08:00
|
|
|
:rfc:`3986` - Uniform Resource Identifiers
|
|
|
|
This is the current standard (STD66). Any changes to urlparse module
|
|
|
|
should conform to this. Certain deviations could be observed, which are
|
2010-04-22 20:19:46 +08:00
|
|
|
mostly due backward compatiblity purposes and for certain de-facto
|
2010-04-22 13:53:18 +08:00
|
|
|
parsing requirements as commonly observed in major browsers.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:rfc:`2732` - Format for Literal IPv6 Addresses in URL's.
|
|
|
|
This specifies the parsing requirements of IPv6 URLs.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:rfc:`2396` - Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax
|
|
|
|
Document describing the generic syntactic requirements for both Uniform Resource
|
|
|
|
Names (URNs) and Uniform Resource Locators (URLs).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:rfc:`2368` - The mailto URL scheme.
|
|
|
|
Parsing requirements for mailto url schemes.
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:rfc:`1808` - Relative Uniform Resource Locators
|
|
|
|
This Request For Comments includes the rules for joining an absolute and a
|
|
|
|
relative URL, including a fair number of "Abnormal Examples" which govern the
|
|
|
|
treatment of border cases.
|
|
|
|
|
2010-04-22 13:53:18 +08:00
|
|
|
:rfc:`1738` - Uniform Resource Locators (URL)
|
|
|
|
This specifies the formal syntax and semantics of absolute URLs.
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _urlparse-result-object:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Results of :func:`urlparse` and :func:`urlsplit`
|
|
|
|
------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The result objects from the :func:`urlparse` and :func:`urlsplit` functions are
|
|
|
|
subclasses of the :class:`tuple` type. These subclasses add the attributes
|
|
|
|
described in those functions, as well as provide an additional method:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. method:: ParseResult.geturl()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Return the re-combined version of the original URL as a string. This may differ
|
|
|
|
from the original URL in that the scheme will always be normalized to lower case
|
|
|
|
and empty components may be dropped. Specifically, empty parameters, queries,
|
|
|
|
and fragment identifiers will be removed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The result of this method is a fixpoint if passed back through the original
|
Merged revisions 61724-61725,61731-61735,61737,61739,61741,61743-61744,61753,61761,61765-61767,61769,61773,61776-61778,61780-61783,61788,61793,61796,61807,61813 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk
................
r61724 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 01:01:12 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 49 lines
Merged revisions 61602-61723 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/sandbox/trunk/2to3/lib2to3
........
r61626 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 17:19:16 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added fixer for implicit local imports. See #2414.
........
r61628 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 17:57:43 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added a class for tests which should not run if a particular import is found.
........
r61629 | collin.winter | 2008-03-19 17:58:19 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Two more relative import fixes in pgen2.
........
r61635 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 20:16:03 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Fixed print fixer so it will do the Right Thing when it encounters __future__.print_function. 2to3 gets upset, though, so the tests have been commented out.
........
r61637 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 21:37:17 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 3 lines
Added a fixer for itertools imports (from itertools import imap, ifilterfalse --> from itertools import filterfalse)
........
r61645 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 23:22:35 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
SVN is happier when you add the files you create... -_-'
........
r61654 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 01:09:56 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added an explicit sort order to fixers -- fixes problems like #2427
........
r61664 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 04:32:40 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 3 lines
Fixes #2428 -- comments are no longer eatten by __future__ fixer.
........
r61673 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 17:22:40 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Added 2to3 node pretty-printer
........
r61679 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 20:50:42 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line
Made node printing a little bit prettier
........
r61723 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 00:59:27 +0100 (Sa, 22 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 2 lines
Fix whitespace.
........
................
r61725 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 01:02:41 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Install lib2to3.
................
r61731 | facundo.batista | 2008-03-22 03:45:37 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Small fix that complicated the test actually when that
test failed.
................
r61732 | alexandre.vassalotti | 2008-03-22 05:08:44 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Added warning for the removal of 'hotshot' in Py3k.
................
r61733 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:07:29 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
#1918: document that weak references *to* an object are
cleared before the object's __del__ is called, to ensure that the weak
reference callback (if any) finds the object healthy.
................
r61734 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:56:23 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Activate the Sphinx doctest extension and convert howto/functional to use it.
................
r61735 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:58:38 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Allow giving source names on the cmdline.
................
r61737 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 12:00:48 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Fixup this HOWTO's doctest blocks so that they can be run with sphinx' doctest builder.
................
r61739 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 12:47:10 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Test decimal.rst doctests as far as possible with sphinx doctest.
................
r61741 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 13:04:26 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Make doctests in re docs usable with sphinx' doctest.
................
r61743 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 13:59:37 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Make more doctests in pprint docs testable.
................
r61744 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 14:07:06 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
No need to specify explicit "doctest_block" anymore.
................
r61753 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 21:08:43 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Fix-up syntax problems.
................
r61761 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:06:20 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Make collections' doctests executable.
(The <BLANKLINE>s will be stripped from presentation output.)
................
r61765 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:21:57 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Test doctests in datetime docs.
................
r61766 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:26:44 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Test doctests in operator docs.
................
r61767 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:38:33 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Enable doctests in functions.rst. Already found two errors :)
................
r61769 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 23:04:10 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 3 lines
Enable doctest running for several other documents.
We have now over 640 doctests that are run with "make doctest".
................
r61773 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 01:55:46 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Simplify demo code.
................
r61776 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 04:43:33 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 7 lines
Try to make this test a little more robust and not fail with:
timeout (10.0025) is more than 2 seconds more than expected (0.001)
I'm assuming this problem is caused by DNS lookup. This change
does a DNS lookup of the hostname before trying to connect, so the time
is not included.
................
r61777 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 05:08:30 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Speed up the test by avoiding socket timeouts.
................
r61778 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 05:43:09 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Skip the epoll test if epoll() does not work
................
r61780 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 06:47:20 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Suppress failure (to avoid a flaky test) if we cannot connect to svn.python.org
................
r61781 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:13:25 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Move itertools before future_builtins since the latter depends on the former.
From a clean build importing future_builtins would fail since itertools
wasn't built yet.
................
r61782 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:16:04 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Try to prevent the alarm going off early in tearDown
................
r61783 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:19:57 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Remove compiler warnings (on Alpha at least) about using chars as
array subscripts. Using chars are dangerous b/c they are signed
on some platforms and unsigned on others.
................
r61788 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-23 09:05:30 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 2 lines
Make the doctests presentation-friendlier.
................
r61793 | amaury.forgeotdarc | 2008-03-23 10:55:29 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
#1477: ur'\U0010FFFF' raised in narrow unicode builds.
Corrected the raw-unicode-escape codec to use UTF-16 surrogates in
this case, just like the unicode-escape codec.
................
r61796 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 14:32:32 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line
Issue 1681432: Add triangular distribution the random module.
................
r61807 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 20:37:53 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines
Adopt Nick's suggestion for useful default arguments.
Clean-up floating point issues by adding true division and float constants.
................
r61813 | gregory.p.smith | 2008-03-23 22:04:43 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 6 lines
Fix gzip to deal with CRC's being signed values in Python 2.x properly and to
read 32bit values as unsigned to start with rather than applying signedness
fixups allover the place afterwards.
This hopefully fixes the test_tarfile failure on the alpha/tru64 buildbot.
................
2008-03-24 05:54:12 +08:00
|
|
|
parsing function:
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
>>> import urllib.parse
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
>>> url = 'HTTP://www.Python.org/doc/#'
|
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
>>> r1 = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
>>> r1.geturl()
|
|
|
|
'http://www.Python.org/doc/'
|
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 12:41:59 +08:00
|
|
|
>>> r2 = urllib.parse.urlsplit(r1.geturl())
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
>>> r2.geturl()
|
|
|
|
'http://www.Python.org/doc/'
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Merged revisions 68162,68166,68171,68176,68195-68196,68210,68232 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk
........
r68162 | ronald.oussoren | 2009-01-02 16:06:00 +0100 (Fri, 02 Jan 2009) | 3 lines
Fix for issue 4472 is incompatible with Cygwin, this patch
should fix that.
........
r68166 | benjamin.peterson | 2009-01-02 19:26:23 +0100 (Fri, 02 Jan 2009) | 1 line
document PyMemberDef
........
r68171 | georg.brandl | 2009-01-02 21:25:14 +0100 (Fri, 02 Jan 2009) | 3 lines
#4811: fix markup glitches (mostly remains of the conversion),
found by Gabriel Genellina.
........
r68176 | andrew.kuchling | 2009-01-02 22:00:35 +0100 (Fri, 02 Jan 2009) | 1 line
Add various items
........
r68195 | georg.brandl | 2009-01-03 14:45:15 +0100 (Sat, 03 Jan 2009) | 2 lines
Remove useless string literal.
........
r68196 | georg.brandl | 2009-01-03 15:29:53 +0100 (Sat, 03 Jan 2009) | 2 lines
Fix indentation.
........
r68210 | georg.brandl | 2009-01-03 20:10:12 +0100 (Sat, 03 Jan 2009) | 2 lines
Set eol-style correctly for mp_distributing.py.
........
r68232 | georg.brandl | 2009-01-03 22:52:16 +0100 (Sat, 03 Jan 2009) | 2 lines
Grammar fix.
........
2009-01-04 06:47:39 +08:00
|
|
|
The following classes provide the implementations of the parse results:
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. class:: BaseResult
|
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 19:23:31 +08:00
|
|
|
Base class for the concrete result classes. This provides most of the
|
|
|
|
attribute definitions. It does not provide a :meth:`geturl` method. It is
|
|
|
|
derived from :class:`tuple`, but does not override the :meth:`__init__` or
|
|
|
|
:meth:`__new__` methods.
|
2007-08-15 22:28:22 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. class:: ParseResult(scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Concrete class for :func:`urlparse` results. The :meth:`__new__` method is
|
|
|
|
overridden to support checking that the right number of arguments are passed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. class:: SplitResult(scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Concrete class for :func:`urlsplit` results. The :meth:`__new__` method is
|
|
|
|
overridden to support checking that the right number of arguments are passed.
|
|
|
|
|