cp: work around linux kernel bug: short-read != EOF on /proc

Remove the optimization that avoided up to 50% of cp's read syscalls.
Do not assume that a short read on a regular file indicates EOF.
When reading from a file in /proc on linux [at least 2.6.9 - 2.6.29]
into a 4k-byte buffer or larger, a short read does not
always indicate EOF.  For example, "cp /proc/slabinfo /tmp"
copies only 4068 of the total 7493 bytes.  This optimization
(25719a3315, Improve performance a bit
by optimizing away; 2005-11-24) appears to have been worth less than
a 2% speed-up (and usually much less), so the impact of removing it
is negligible.

* src/copy.c (copy_reg): Don't exit the loop early.
* tests/cp/proc-short-read: New test, lightly based on a suggestion
from Mike Frysinger, to exercise this fix.
* tests/Makefile.am (TESTS): Add cp/proc-short-read.
* NEWS (Improve robustness): Mention this change.

NEWS

@@ -16,6 +16,18 @@ GNU coreutils NEWS                                    -*- outline -*-
   default should proceed at the speed of the disk.  Previously /dev/urandom
   was used if available, which is relatively slow on GNU/Linux systems.
 
+** Improved robustness
+
+  cp would exit successfully after copying less than the full contents
+  of a file larger than ~4000 bytes from a linux-/proc file system to a
+  destination file system with a fundamental block size of 4KiB or greater.
+  Reading into a 4KiB-or-larger buffer, cp's "read" syscall would return
+  a value smaller than 4096, and cp would interpret that as EOF (POSIX
+  allows this).  This optimization, now removed, saved 50% of cp's read
+  syscalls when copying small files.  Affected linux kernels: at least
+  2.6.9 through 2.6.29.
+  [the optimization was introduced in coreutils-6.0]
+
 ** Portability
 
   `id -G $USER` now works correctly even on Darwin and NetBSD. Previously it

src/copy.c

@@ -700,9 +700,10 @@ copy_reg (char const *src_name, char const *dst_name,
 	      }
 	    last_write_made_hole = false;
 
-	    /* A short read on a regular file means EOF.  */
-	    if (n_read != buf_size && S_ISREG (src_open_sb.st_mode))
-	      break;
+            /* It is tempting to return early here upon a short read from a
+               regular file.  That would save the final read syscall for each
+               file.  Unfortunately that doesn't work for certain files in
+               /proc with linux kernels from at least 2.6.9 .. 2.6.29.  */
 	  }
       }
 

tests/Makefile.am

@@ -281,6 +281,7 @@ TESTS =						\
   cp/parent-perm-race				\
   cp/perm					\
   cp/preserve-2					\
+  cp/proc-short-read				\
   cp/proc-zero-len				\
   cp/r-vs-symlink				\
   cp/same-file					\

tests/cp/proc-short-read

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# exercise cp's short-read failure when operating on >4KB files in /proc
+
+# Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+if test "$VERBOSE" = yes; then
+  set -x
+  cp --version
+fi
+
+. $srcdir/test-lib.sh
+
+fail=0
+kall=/proc/kallsyms
+
+test -r $kall || skip_test_ "your system lacks $kall"
+
+# Before coreutils-7.3, cp would copy less than 4KiB of this 1MB+ file.
+cp $kall 1    || fail=1
+cat $kall > 2 || fail=1
+compare 1 2   || fail=1
+
+# Also check md5sum, just for good measure.
+md5sum $kall > 3 || fail=1
+md5sum 2     > 4 || fail=1
+
+# Remove each file name before comparing checksums.
+sed 's/ .*//' 3 > sum.proc || fail=1
+sed 's/ .*//' 4 > sum.2    || fail=1
+compare sum.proc sum.2 || fail=1
+
+Exit $fail