buildroot/docs/manual/adding-packages-golang.adoc
Yann E. MORIN 6016dad5cf package/go: expose host CGO linking support
Even when configured for cross-compilation, the go compiler is always
able to build natively as well, and this is was we use in Buildroot to
build host go packages. This implies that when the target has
limitations, those limitations thus also apply to the host builds.

This means that, when there is no CGO linking support for the target,
the compiler is built without CGO linking support, and thus CGO linking
is also not available for the host builds.

Of course, when there is no go support for the target, the CGO linking
support only depends on the host architecture.

Add a new Kconfig symbol that repesent whether CGO linking is available
for the host; host packages can then depend on that symbol, like the
target variants do on the corresponding target symbol.

The dependencies of this symbol are a bit complicated. Fortunately,
because it is a blind symbol, we can write it with a combination of
"default y" and "depends on" statements. As mentioned, CGO for the host
is available if CGO is available for the target, but also if Go is not
available for the target at all. In addition, Go must of course be
available for the host. There are also the toolchain constraints of CGO.
We exclude MIPS64 explicitly based on BR2_HOSTARCH. For the host, we
always assume that dynamic library and threads are available so we don't
have conditions for that.

Signed-off-by: Yann E. MORIN <yann.morin@orange.com>
Cc: Thomas Perale <thomas.perale@mind.be>
Cc: Christian Stewart <christian@aperture.us>
Cc: Anisse Astier <anisse@astier.eu>
Signed-off-by: Arnout Vandecappelle <arnout@mind.be>
2024-09-03 23:14:06 +02:00

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// -*- mode:doc; -*-
// vim: set syntax=asciidoc:
=== Infrastructure for Go packages
This infrastructure applies to Go packages that use the standard
build system and use bundled dependencies.
[[golang-package-tutorial]]
==== +golang-package+ tutorial
First, let's see how to write a +.mk+ file for a go package,
with an example :
----
01: ################################################################################
02: #
03: # foo
04: #
05: ################################################################################
06:
07: FOO_VERSION = 1.0
08: FOO_SITE = $(call github,bar,foo,$(FOO_VERSION))
09: FOO_LICENSE = BSD-3-Clause
10: FOO_LICENSE_FILES = LICENSE
11:
12: $(eval $(golang-package))
----
On line 7, we declare the version of the package.
On line 8, we declare the upstream location of the package, here
fetched from Github, since a large number of Go packages are hosted on
Github.
On line 9 and 10, we give licensing details about the package.
Finally, on line 12, we invoke the +golang-package+ macro that
generates all the Makefile rules that actually allow the package to be
built.
[[golang-package-reference]]
==== +golang-package+ reference
In their +Config.in+ file, packages using the +golang-package+
infrastructure should depend on +BR2_PACKAGE_HOST_GO_TARGET_ARCH_SUPPORTS+
because Buildroot will automatically add a dependency on +host-go+
to such packages.
If you need CGO support in your package, you must add a dependency on
+BR2_PACKAGE_HOST_GO_TARGET_CGO_LINKING_SUPPORTS+; for host packages,
add a dependency on +BR2_PACKAGE_HOST_GO_HOST_CGO_LINKING_SUPPORTS+.
The main macro of the Go package infrastructure is
+golang-package+. It is similar to the +generic-package+ macro. The
ability to build host packages is also available, with the
+host-golang-package+ macro.
Host packages built by +host-golang-package+ macro should depend on
+BR2_PACKAGE_HOST_GO_HOST_ARCH_SUPPORTS+.
Just like the generic infrastructure, the Go infrastructure works
by defining a number of variables before calling the +golang-package+
macro.
All the package metadata information variables that exist in the
xref:generic-package-reference[generic package infrastructure] also
exist in the Go infrastructure.
Note that it is not necessary to add +host-go+ in the
+FOO_DEPENDENCIES+ variable of a package, since this basic dependency
is automatically added as needed by the Go package infrastructure.
A few additional variables, specific to the Go infrastructure, can
optionally be defined, depending on the package's needs. Many of them
are only useful in very specific cases, typical packages will
therefore only use a few of them, or none.
* The package must specify its Go module name in the +FOO_GOMOD+
variable. If not specified, it defaults to
+URL-domain/1st-part-of-URL/2nd-part-of-URL+, e.g +FOO_GOMOD+ will
take the value +github.com/bar/foo+ for a package that specifies
+FOO_SITE = $(call github,bar,foo,$(FOO_VERSION))+. The Go package
infrastructure will automatically generate a minimal +go.mod+ file
in the package source tree if it doesn't exist.
* +FOO_LDFLAGS+ and +FOO_TAGS+ can be used to pass respectively the
+LDFLAGS+ or the +TAGS+ to the +go+ build command.
* +FOO_BUILD_TARGETS+ can be used to pass the list of targets that
should be built. If +FOO_BUILD_TARGETS+ is not specified, it
defaults to +.+. We then have two cases:
** +FOO_BUILD_TARGETS+ is +.+. In this case, we assume only one binary
will be produced, and that by default we name it after the package
name. If that is not appropriate, the name of the produced binary
can be overridden using +FOO_BIN_NAME+.
** +FOO_BUILD_TARGETS+ is not +.+. In this case, we iterate over the
values to build each target, and for each produced a binary that is
the non-directory component of the target. For example if
+FOO_BUILD_TARGETS = cmd/docker cmd/dockerd+ the binaries produced
are +docker+ and +dockerd+.
* +FOO_INSTALL_BINS+ can be used to pass the list of binaries that
should be installed in +/usr/bin+ on the target. If
+FOO_INSTALL_BINS+ is not specified, it defaults to the lower-case
name of package.
With the Go infrastructure, all the steps required to build and
install the packages are already defined, and they generally work well
for most Go-based packages. However, when required, it is still
possible to customize what is done in any particular step:
* By adding a post-operation hook (after extract, patch, configure,
build or install). See xref:hooks[] for details.
* By overriding one of the steps. For example, even if the Go
infrastructure is used, if the package +.mk+ file defines its own
+FOO_BUILD_CMDS+ variable, it will be used instead of the default Go
one. However, using this method should be restricted to very
specific cases. Do not use it in the general case.
A Go package can depend on other Go modules, listed in its +go.mod+
file. Buildroot automatically takes care of downloading such
dependencies as part of the download step of packages that use the
+golang-package+ infrastructure. Such dependencies are then kept
together with the package source code in the tarball cached in
Buildroot's +DL_DIR+, and therefore the hash of the package's tarball
includes such dependencies.
This mechanism ensures that any change in the dependencies will be
detected, and allows the build to be performed completely offline.