mirror of
https://sourceware.org/git/binutils-gdb.git
synced 2024-11-24 02:24:46 +08:00
332 lines
9.4 KiB
Plaintext
332 lines
9.4 KiB
Plaintext
@c Copyright (C) 2011-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
|
@c This is part of the GAS manual.
|
|
@c For copying conditions, see the file as.texinfo.
|
|
@ifset GENERIC
|
|
@page
|
|
@node TILEPro-Dependent
|
|
@chapter TILEPro Dependent Features
|
|
@end ifset
|
|
@ifclear GENERIC
|
|
@node Machine Dependencies
|
|
@chapter TILEPro Dependent Features
|
|
@end ifclear
|
|
|
|
@cindex TILEPro support
|
|
@menu
|
|
* TILEPro Options:: TILEPro Options
|
|
* TILEPro Syntax:: TILEPro Syntax
|
|
* TILEPro Directives:: TILEPro Directives
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node TILEPro Options
|
|
@section Options
|
|
|
|
@code{@value{AS}} has no machine-dependent command-line options for
|
|
TILEPro.
|
|
|
|
@node TILEPro Syntax
|
|
@section Syntax
|
|
@cindex TILEPro syntax
|
|
@cindex syntax, TILEPro
|
|
|
|
Block comments are delimited by @samp{/*} and @samp{*/}. End of line
|
|
comments may be introduced by @samp{#}.
|
|
|
|
Instructions consist of a leading opcode or macro name followed by
|
|
whitespace and an optional comma-separated list of operands:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
@var{opcode} [@var{operand}, @dots{}]
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
Instructions must be separated by a newline or semicolon.
|
|
|
|
There are two ways to write code: either write naked instructions,
|
|
which the assembler is free to combine into VLIW bundles, or specify
|
|
the VLIW bundles explicitly.
|
|
|
|
Bundles are specified using curly braces:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
@{ @var{add} r3,r4,r5 ; @var{add} r7,r8,r9 ; @var{lw} r10,r11 @}
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
A bundle can span multiple lines. If you want to put multiple
|
|
instructions on a line, whether in a bundle or not, you need to
|
|
separate them with semicolons as in this example.
|
|
|
|
A bundle may contain one or more instructions, up to the limit
|
|
specified by the ISA (currently three). If fewer instructions are
|
|
specified than the hardware supports in a bundle, the assembler
|
|
inserts @code{fnop} instructions automatically.
|
|
|
|
The assembler will prefer to preserve the ordering of instructions
|
|
within the bundle, putting the first instruction in a lower-numbered
|
|
pipeline than the next one, etc. This fact, combined with the
|
|
optional use of explicit @code{fnop} or @code{nop} instructions,
|
|
allows precise control over which pipeline executes each instruction.
|
|
|
|
If the instructions cannot be bundled in the listed order, the
|
|
assembler will automatically try to find a valid pipeline
|
|
assignment. If there is no way to bundle the instructions together,
|
|
the assembler reports an error.
|
|
|
|
The assembler does not yet auto-bundle (automatically combine multiple
|
|
instructions into one bundle), but it reserves the right to do so in
|
|
the future. If you want to force an instruction to run by itself, put
|
|
it in a bundle explicitly with curly braces and use @code{nop}
|
|
instructions (not @code{fnop}) to fill the remaining pipeline slots in
|
|
that bundle.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* TILEPro Opcodes:: Opcode Naming Conventions.
|
|
* TILEPro Registers:: Register Naming.
|
|
* TILEPro Modifiers:: Symbolic Operand Modifiers.
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@node TILEPro Opcodes
|
|
@subsection Opcode Names
|
|
@cindex TILEPro opcode names
|
|
@cindex opcode names, TILEPro
|
|
|
|
For a complete list of opcodes and descriptions of their semantics,
|
|
see @cite{TILE Processor User Architecture Manual}, available upon
|
|
request at www.tilera.com.
|
|
|
|
@node TILEPro Registers
|
|
@subsection Register Names
|
|
@cindex TILEPro register names
|
|
@cindex register names, TILEPro
|
|
|
|
General-purpose registers are represented by predefined symbols of the
|
|
form @samp{r@var{N}}, where @var{N} represents a number between
|
|
@code{0} and @code{63}. However, the following registers have
|
|
canonical names that must be used instead:
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
@item r54
|
|
sp
|
|
|
|
@item r55
|
|
lr
|
|
|
|
@item r56
|
|
sn
|
|
|
|
@item r57
|
|
idn0
|
|
|
|
@item r58
|
|
idn1
|
|
|
|
@item r59
|
|
udn0
|
|
|
|
@item r60
|
|
udn1
|
|
|
|
@item r61
|
|
udn2
|
|
|
|
@item r62
|
|
udn3
|
|
|
|
@item r63
|
|
zero
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
The assembler will emit a warning if a numeric name is used instead of
|
|
the canonical name. The @code{.no_require_canonical_reg_names}
|
|
assembler pseudo-op turns off this
|
|
warning. @code{.require_canonical_reg_names} turns it back on.
|
|
|
|
@node TILEPro Modifiers
|
|
@subsection Symbolic Operand Modifiers
|
|
@cindex TILEPro modifiers
|
|
@cindex symbol modifiers, TILEPro
|
|
|
|
The assembler supports several modifiers when using symbol addresses
|
|
in TILEPro instruction operands. The general syntax is the following:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
modifier(symbol)
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
The following modifiers are supported:
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
|
|
@item lo16
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to load the low 16 bits of the symbol's address,
|
|
sign-extended to a 32-bit value (sign-extension allows it to be
|
|
range-checked against signed 16 bit immediate operands without
|
|
complaint).
|
|
|
|
@item hi16
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to load the high 16 bits of the symbol's
|
|
address, also sign-extended to a 32-bit value.
|
|
|
|
@item ha16
|
|
|
|
@code{ha16(N)} is identical to @code{hi16(N)}, except if
|
|
@code{lo16(N)} is negative it adds one to the @code{hi16(N)}
|
|
value. This way @code{lo16} and @code{ha16} can be added to create any
|
|
32-bit value using @code{auli}. For example, here is how you move an
|
|
arbitrary 32-bit address into r3:
|
|
|
|
@smallexample
|
|
moveli r3, lo16(sym)
|
|
auli r3, r3, ha16(sym)
|
|
@end smallexample
|
|
|
|
@item got
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to load the offset of the GOT entry
|
|
corresponding to the symbol.
|
|
|
|
@item got_lo16
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to load the sign-extended low 16 bits of the
|
|
offset of the GOT entry corresponding to the symbol.
|
|
|
|
@item got_hi16
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to load the sign-extended high 16 bits of the
|
|
offset of the GOT entry corresponding to the symbol.
|
|
|
|
@item got_ha16
|
|
|
|
This modifier is like @code{got_hi16}, but it adds one if
|
|
@code{got_lo16} of the input value is negative.
|
|
|
|
@item plt
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used for function symbols. It causes a
|
|
@emph{procedure linkage table}, an array of code stubs, to be created
|
|
at the time the shared object is created or linked against, together
|
|
with a global offset table entry. The value is a pc-relative offset
|
|
to the corresponding stub code in the procedure linkage table. This
|
|
arrangement causes the run-time symbol resolver to be called to look
|
|
up and set the value of the symbol the first time the function is
|
|
called (at latest; depending environment variables). It is only safe
|
|
to leave the symbol unresolved this way if all references are function
|
|
calls.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_gd
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to load the offset of the GOT entry of the
|
|
symbol's TLS descriptor, to be used for general-dynamic TLS accesses.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_gd_lo16
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to load the sign-extended low 16 bits of the
|
|
offset of the GOT entry of the symbol's TLS descriptor, to be used for
|
|
general dynamic TLS accesses.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_gd_hi16
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to load the sign-extended high 16 bits of the
|
|
offset of the GOT entry of the symbol's TLS descriptor, to be used for
|
|
general dynamic TLS accesses.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_gd_ha16
|
|
|
|
This modifier is like @code{tls_gd_hi16}, but it adds one to the value
|
|
if @code{tls_gd_lo16} of the input value is negative.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_ie
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to load the offset of the GOT entry containing
|
|
the offset of the symbol's address from the TCB, to be used for
|
|
initial-exec TLS accesses.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_ie_lo16
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to load the low 16 bits of the offset of the GOT
|
|
entry containing the offset of the symbol's address from the TCB, to
|
|
be used for initial-exec TLS accesses.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_ie_hi16
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to load the high 16 bits of the offset of the
|
|
GOT entry containing the offset of the symbol's address from the TCB,
|
|
to be used for initial-exec TLS accesses.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_ie_ha16
|
|
|
|
This modifier is like @code{tls_ie_hi16}, but it adds one to the value
|
|
if @code{tls_ie_lo16} of the input value is negative.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_le
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to load the offset of the symbol's address from
|
|
the TCB, to be used for local-exec TLS accesses.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_le_lo16
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to load the low 16 bits of the offset of the
|
|
symbol's address from the TCB, to be used for local-exec TLS accesses.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_le_hi16
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to load the high 16 bits of the offset of the
|
|
symbol's address from the TCB, to be used for local-exec TLS accesses.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_le_ha16
|
|
|
|
This modifier is like @code{tls_le_hi16}, but it adds one to the value
|
|
if @code{tls_le_lo16} of the input value is negative.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_gd_call
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to tag an instruction as the ``call'' part of a
|
|
calling sequence for a TLS GD reference of its operand.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_gd_add
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to tag an instruction as the ``add'' part of a
|
|
calling sequence for a TLS GD reference of its operand.
|
|
|
|
@item tls_ie_load
|
|
|
|
This modifier is used to tag an instruction as the ``load'' part of a
|
|
calling sequence for a TLS IE reference of its operand.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@node TILEPro Directives
|
|
@section TILEPro Directives
|
|
@cindex machine directives, TILEPro
|
|
@cindex TILEPro machine directives
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{.align} directive, TILEPro
|
|
@item .align @var{expression} [, @var{expression}]
|
|
This is the generic @var{.align} directive. The first argument is the
|
|
requested alignment in bytes.
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{.allow_suspicious_bundles} directive, TILEPro
|
|
@item .allow_suspicious_bundles
|
|
Turns on error checking for combinations of instructions in a bundle
|
|
that probably indicate a programming error. This is on by default.
|
|
|
|
@item .no_allow_suspicious_bundles
|
|
Turns off error checking for combinations of instructions in a bundle
|
|
that probably indicate a programming error.
|
|
|
|
@cindex @code{.require_canonical_reg_names} directive, TILEPro
|
|
@item .require_canonical_reg_names
|
|
Require that canonical register names be used, and emit a warning if
|
|
the numeric names are used. This is on by default.
|
|
|
|
@item .no_require_canonical_reg_names
|
|
Permit the use of numeric names for registers that have canonical
|
|
names.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|