Add basic Python API for convenience variables

This adds a basic Python API for accessing convenience variables.
With this, convenience variables can be read and set from Python.
Although gdb supports convenience variables whose value changes at
each call, this is not exposed to Python; it could be, but I think
it's just as good to write a convenience function in this situation.

This is PR python/23080.

Tested on x86-64 Fedora 26.

2018-04-22  Tom Tromey  <tom@tromey.com>

	PR python/23080:
	* NEWS: Update for new functions.
	* python/py-value.c (gdbpy_set_convenience_variable)
	(gdbpy_convenience_variable): New functions.
	* python/python-internal.h (gdbpy_convenience_variable)
	(gdbpy_set_convenience_variable): Declare.
	* python/python.c (python_GdbMethods): Add convenience_variable,
	set_convenience_variable.

doc/ChangeLog
2018-04-22  Tom Tromey  <tom@tromey.com>

	PR python/23080:
	* python.texi (Basic Python): Document gdb.convenience_variable,
	gdb.set_convenience_variable.

testsuite/ChangeLog
2018-04-22  Tom Tromey  <tom@tromey.com>

	PR python/23080:
	* gdb.python/python.exp: Add convenience variable tests.

gdb/NEWS

@@ -42,6 +42,10 @@ set|show record btrace cpu
 
   ** gdb.execute can now execute multi-line gdb commands.
 
+  ** The new functions gdb.convenience_variable and
+     gdb.set_convenience_variable can be used to get and set the value
+     of convenience variables.
+
 * New targets
 
 RiscV ELF			riscv*-*-elf

gdb/doc/python.texi

@@ -288,6 +288,26 @@ If no exception is raised, the return value is always an instance of
 @code{gdb.Value} (@pxref{Values From Inferior}).
 @end defun
 
+@findex gdb.convenience_variable
+@defun gdb.convenience_variable (name)
+Return the value of the convenience variable (@pxref{Convenience
+Vars}) named @var{name}.  @var{name} must be a string.  The name
+should not include the @samp{$} that is used to mark a convenience
+variable in an expression.  If the convenience variable does not
+exist, then @code{None} is returned.
+@end defun
+
+@findex gdb.set_convenience_variable
+@defun gdb.set_convenience_variable (name, value)
+Set the value of the convenience variable (@pxref{Convenience Vars})
+named @var{name}.  @var{name} must be a string.  The name should not
+include the @samp{$} that is used to mark a convenience variable in an
+expression.  If @var{value} is @code{None}, then the convenience
+variable is removed.  Otherwise, if @var{value} is not a
+@code{gdb.Value} (@pxref{Values From Inferior}), it is is converted
+using the @code{gdb.Value} constructor.
+@end defun
+
 @findex gdb.parse_and_eval
 @defun gdb.parse_and_eval (expression)
 Parse @var{expression}, which must be a string, as an expression in
@@ -297,8 +317,7 @@ the current language, evaluate it, and return the result as a
 This function can be useful when implementing a new command
 (@pxref{Commands In Python}), as it provides a way to parse the
 command's argument as an expression.  It is also useful simply to
-compute values, for example, it is the only way to get the value of a
-convenience variable (@pxref{Convenience Vars}) as a @code{gdb.Value}.
+compute values.
 @end defun
 
 @findex gdb.find_pc_line

gdb/python/py-value.c

@@ -1746,6 +1746,83 @@ gdbpy_history (PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
   return value_to_value_object (res_val);
 }
 
+/* Return the value of a convenience variable.  */
+PyObject *
+gdbpy_convenience_variable (PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+  const char *varname;
+  struct value *res_val = NULL;
+
+  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple (args, "s", &varname))
+    return NULL;
+
+  TRY
+    {
+      struct internalvar *var = lookup_only_internalvar (varname);
+
+      if (var != NULL)
+	{
+	  res_val = value_of_internalvar (python_gdbarch, var);
+	  if (TYPE_CODE (value_type (res_val)) == TYPE_CODE_VOID)
+	    res_val = NULL;
+	}
+    }
+  CATCH (except, RETURN_MASK_ALL)
+    {
+      GDB_PY_HANDLE_EXCEPTION (except);
+    }
+  END_CATCH
+
+  if (res_val == NULL)
+    Py_RETURN_NONE;
+
+  return value_to_value_object (res_val);
+}
+
+/* Set the value of a convenience variable.  */
+PyObject *
+gdbpy_set_convenience_variable (PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
+{
+  const char *varname;
+  PyObject *value_obj;
+  struct value *value = NULL;
+
+  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple (args, "sO", &varname, &value_obj))
+    return NULL;
+
+  /* None means to clear the variable.  */
+  if (value_obj != Py_None)
+    {
+      value = convert_value_from_python (value_obj);
+      if (value == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+    }
+
+  TRY
+    {
+      if (value == NULL)
+	{
+	  struct internalvar *var = lookup_only_internalvar (varname);
+
+	  if (var != NULL)
+	    clear_internalvar (var);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  struct internalvar *var = lookup_internalvar (varname);
+
+	  set_internalvar (var, value);
+	}
+    }
+  CATCH (except, RETURN_MASK_ALL)
+    {
+      GDB_PY_HANDLE_EXCEPTION (except);
+    }
+  END_CATCH
+
+  Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
 /* Returns 1 in OBJ is a gdb.Value object, 0 otherwise.  */
 
 int

gdb/python/python-internal.h

@@ -477,6 +477,8 @@ extern enum ext_lang_rc gdbpy_get_matching_xmethod_workers
 
 
 PyObject *gdbpy_history (PyObject *self, PyObject *args);
+PyObject *gdbpy_convenience_variable (PyObject *self, PyObject *args);
+PyObject *gdbpy_set_convenience_variable (PyObject *self, PyObject *args);
 PyObject *gdbpy_breakpoints (PyObject *, PyObject *);
 PyObject *gdbpy_frame_stop_reason_string (PyObject *, PyObject *);
 PyObject *gdbpy_lookup_symbol (PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kw);

gdb/python/python.c

@@ -2132,6 +2132,14 @@ Return a tuple containing all inferiors." },
 Invalidate any cached frame objects in gdb.\n\
 Intended for internal use only." },
 
+  { "convenience_variable", gdbpy_convenience_variable, METH_VARARGS,
+    "convenience_variable (NAME) -> value.\n\
+Return the value of the convenience variable $NAME,\n\
+or None if not set." },
+  { "set_convenience_variable", gdbpy_set_convenience_variable, METH_VARARGS,
+    "convenience_variable (NAME, VALUE) -> None.\n\
+Set the value of the convenience variable $NAME." },
+
   {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}
 };
 

gdb/testsuite/gdb.python/python.exp

@@ -477,3 +477,23 @@ gdb_py_test_silent_cmd "step" "Step into func2" 1
 gdb_py_test_silent_cmd "up" "Step out of func2" 1
 
 gdb_test "python print (gdb.find_pc_line(gdb.selected_frame().pc()).line > line)" "True" "test find_pc_line with resume address"
+
+gdb_test_no_output "set variable \$cvar1 = 23" "set convenience variable"
+gdb_test "python print(gdb.convenience_variable('cvar1'))" "23"
+gdb_test "python print(gdb.convenience_variable('cvar2'))" "None"
+gdb_test_no_output "python gdb.set_convenience_variable('cvar1', 89)" \
+    "change convenience variable from python"
+gdb_test "python print(gdb.convenience_variable('cvar1'))" "89" \
+    "print new value of convenience variable from python"
+gdb_test "print \$cvar1" " = 89" \
+    "print new value of convenience variable from CLI"
+gdb_test_no_output "python gdb.set_convenience_variable('cvar3', -5)" \
+    "make convenience variable from python"
+gdb_test "python print(gdb.convenience_variable('cvar3'))" "-5" \
+    "print value of new convenience variable from python"
+gdb_test_no_output "python gdb.set_convenience_variable('cvar3', None)" \
+    "reset convenience variable from python"
+gdb_test "python print(gdb.convenience_variable('cvar3'))" "None" \
+    "print reset convenience variable from python"
+gdb_test "print \$cvar3" "= void" \
+    "print reset convenience variable from CLI"