ci/codeql: use filter-sarif to filter meson-private

There is a severe number of false-positive in code scanning caused by
inspecting meson-internal test files like
'build/meson-private/tmpzb46osmq/testfile.c'.

As a workaround, use the 'filter-sarif' action to filter out these
results before uploading the SARIF (Static Analysis Results Interchange
Format).

This PR was inspired by https://github.com/rauc/rauc/pull/1346 and the
example from https://github.com/advanced-security/filter-sarif.

Signed-off-by: Enrico Joerns <ejo@pengutronix.de>
[Emil: port from rauc, use checksums for actions]
Signed-off-by: Emil Velikov <emil.l.velikov@gmail.com>

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -66,3 +66,19 @@ jobs:
         uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@662472033e021d55d94146f66f6058822b0b39fd # v3.27.0
         with:
           category: "/language:cpp"
+          upload: false
+          output: sarif-results
+
+      - name: Filter out meson-internal test files
+        uses: advanced-security/filter-sarif@f3b8118a9349d88f7b1c0c488476411145b6270d # v1.0.1
+        with:
+          patterns: |
+            -build/meson-private/**/testfile.c
+          input: sarif-results/cpp.sarif
+          output: sarif-results/cpp.sarif
+
+      - name: Upload CodeQL results to code scanning
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@662472033e021d55d94146f66f6058822b0b39fd # v3.27.0
+        with:
+          sarif_file: sarif-results/cpp.sarif
+          category: "/language:cpp"