linux/drivers/gpu/drm/drm_buddy.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
/*
 * Copyright © 2021 Intel Corporation
 */

#include <linux/kmemleak.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/sizes.h>

#include <drm/drm_buddy.h>

static struct kmem_cache *slab_blocks;

static struct drm_buddy_block *drm_block_alloc(struct drm_buddy *mm,
					       struct drm_buddy_block *parent,
					       unsigned int order,
					       u64 offset)
{
	struct drm_buddy_block *block;

	BUG_ON(order > DRM_BUDDY_MAX_ORDER);

	block = kmem_cache_zalloc(slab_blocks, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!block)
		return NULL;

	block->header = offset;
	block->header |= order;
	block->parent = parent;

	BUG_ON(block->header & DRM_BUDDY_HEADER_UNUSED);
	return block;
}

static void drm_block_free(struct drm_buddy *mm,
			   struct drm_buddy_block *block)
{
	kmem_cache_free(slab_blocks, block);
}

static void list_insert_sorted(struct drm_buddy *mm,
			       struct drm_buddy_block *block)
{
	struct drm_buddy_block *node;
	struct list_head *head;

	head = &mm->free_list[drm_buddy_block_order(block)];
	if (list_empty(head)) {
		list_add(&block->link, head);
		return;
	}

	list_for_each_entry(node, head, link)
		if (drm_buddy_block_offset(block) < drm_buddy_block_offset(node))
			break;

	__list_add(&block->link, node->link.prev, &node->link);
}

static void mark_allocated(struct drm_buddy_block *block)
{
	block->header &= ~DRM_BUDDY_HEADER_STATE;
	block->header |= DRM_BUDDY_ALLOCATED;

	list_del(&block->link);
}

static void mark_free(struct drm_buddy *mm,
		      struct drm_buddy_block *block)
{
	block->header &= ~DRM_BUDDY_HEADER_STATE;
	block->header |= DRM_BUDDY_FREE;

	list_insert_sorted(mm, block);
}

static void mark_split(struct drm_buddy_block *block)
{
	block->header &= ~DRM_BUDDY_HEADER_STATE;
	block->header |= DRM_BUDDY_SPLIT;

	list_del(&block->link);
}

/**
 * drm_buddy_init - init memory manager
 *
 * @mm: DRM buddy manager to initialize
 * @size: size in bytes to manage
 * @chunk_size: minimum page size in bytes for our allocations
 *
 * Initializes the memory manager and its resources.
 *
 * Returns:
 * 0 on success, error code on failure.
 */
int drm_buddy_init(struct drm_buddy *mm, u64 size, u64 chunk_size)
{
	unsigned int i;
	u64 offset;

	if (size < chunk_size)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (chunk_size < PAGE_SIZE)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!is_power_of_2(chunk_size))
		return -EINVAL;

	size = round_down(size, chunk_size);

	mm->size = size;
	mm->avail = size;
	mm->chunk_size = chunk_size;
	mm->max_order = ilog2(size) - ilog2(chunk_size);

	BUG_ON(mm->max_order > DRM_BUDDY_MAX_ORDER);

	mm->free_list = kmalloc_array(mm->max_order + 1,
				      sizeof(struct list_head),
				      GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!mm->free_list)
		return -ENOMEM;

	for (i = 0; i <= mm->max_order; ++i)
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mm->free_list[i]);

	mm->n_roots = hweight64(size);

	mm->roots = kmalloc_array(mm->n_roots,
				  sizeof(struct drm_buddy_block *),
				  GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!mm->roots)
		goto out_free_list;

	offset = 0;
	i = 0;

	/*
	 * Split into power-of-two blocks, in case we are given a size that is
	 * not itself a power-of-two.
	 */
	do {
		struct drm_buddy_block *root;
		unsigned int order;
		u64 root_size;

		order = ilog2(size) - ilog2(chunk_size);
		root_size = chunk_size << order;

		root = drm_block_alloc(mm, NULL, order, offset);
		if (!root)
			goto out_free_roots;

		mark_free(mm, root);

		BUG_ON(i > mm->max_order);
		BUG_ON(drm_buddy_block_size(mm, root) < chunk_size);

		mm->roots[i] = root;

		offset += root_size;
		size -= root_size;
		i++;
	} while (size);

	return 0;

out_free_roots:
	while (i--)
		drm_block_free(mm, mm->roots[i]);
	kfree(mm->roots);
out_free_list:
	kfree(mm->free_list);
	return -ENOMEM;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(drm_buddy_init);

/**
 * drm_buddy_fini - tear down the memory manager
 *
 * @mm: DRM buddy manager to free
 *
 * Cleanup memory manager resources and the freelist
 */
void drm_buddy_fini(struct drm_buddy *mm)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < mm->n_roots; ++i) {
		WARN_ON(!drm_buddy_block_is_free(mm->roots[i]));
		drm_block_free(mm, mm->roots[i]);
	}

	WARN_ON(mm->avail != mm->size);

	kfree(mm->roots);
	kfree(mm->free_list);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(drm_buddy_fini);

static int split_block(struct drm_buddy *mm,
		       struct drm_buddy_block *block)
{
	unsigned int block_order = drm_buddy_block_order(block) - 1;
	u64 offset = drm_buddy_block_offset(block);

	BUG_ON(!drm_buddy_block_is_free(block));
	BUG_ON(!drm_buddy_block_order(block));

	block->left = drm_block_alloc(mm, block, block_order, offset);
	if (!block->left)
		return -ENOMEM;

	block->right = drm_block_alloc(mm, block, block_order,
				       offset + (mm->chunk_size << block_order));
	if (!block->right) {
		drm_block_free(mm, block->left);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	mark_free(mm, block->left);
	mark_free(mm, block->right);

	mark_split(block);

	return 0;
}

static struct drm_buddy_block *
__get_buddy(struct drm_buddy_block *block)
{
	struct drm_buddy_block *parent;

	parent = block->parent;
	if (!parent)
		return NULL;

	if (parent->left == block)
		return parent->right;

	return parent->left;
}

/**
 * drm_get_buddy - get buddy address
 *
 * @block: DRM buddy block
 *
 * Returns the corresponding buddy block for @block, or NULL
 * if this is a root block and can't be merged further.
 * Requires some kind of locking to protect against
 * any concurrent allocate and free operations.
 */
struct drm_buddy_block *
drm_get_buddy(struct drm_buddy_block *block)
{
	return __get_buddy(block);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(drm_get_buddy);

static void __drm_buddy_free(struct drm_buddy *mm,
			     struct drm_buddy_block *block)
{
	struct drm_buddy_block *parent;

	while ((parent = block->parent)) {
		struct drm_buddy_block *buddy;

		buddy = __get_buddy(block);

		if (!drm_buddy_block_is_free(buddy))
			break;

		list_del(&buddy->link);

		drm_block_free(mm, block);
		drm_block_free(mm, buddy);

		block = parent;
	}

	mark_free(mm, block);
}

/**
 * drm_buddy_free_block - free a block
 *
 * @mm: DRM buddy manager
 * @block: block to be freed
 */
void drm_buddy_free_block(struct drm_buddy *mm,
			  struct drm_buddy_block *block)
{
	BUG_ON(!drm_buddy_block_is_allocated(block));
	mm->avail += drm_buddy_block_size(mm, block);
	__drm_buddy_free(mm, block);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(drm_buddy_free_block);

/**
 * drm_buddy_free_list - free blocks
 *
 * @mm: DRM buddy manager
 * @objects: input list head to free blocks
 */
void drm_buddy_free_list(struct drm_buddy *mm, struct list_head *objects)
{
	struct drm_buddy_block *block, *on;

	list_for_each_entry_safe(block, on, objects, link) {
		drm_buddy_free_block(mm, block);
		cond_resched();
	}
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(objects);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(drm_buddy_free_list);

static inline bool overlaps(u64 s1, u64 e1, u64 s2, u64 e2)
{
	return s1 <= e2 && e1 >= s2;
}

static inline bool contains(u64 s1, u64 e1, u64 s2, u64 e2)
{
	return s1 <= s2 && e1 >= e2;
}

static struct drm_buddy_block *
alloc_range_bias(struct drm_buddy *mm,
		 u64 start, u64 end,
		 unsigned int order)
{
	struct drm_buddy_block *block;
	struct drm_buddy_block *buddy;
	LIST_HEAD(dfs);
	int err;
	int i;

	end = end - 1;

	for (i = 0; i < mm->n_roots; ++i)
		list_add_tail(&mm->roots[i]->tmp_link, &dfs);

	do {
		u64 block_start;
		u64 block_end;

		block = list_first_entry_or_null(&dfs,
						 struct drm_buddy_block,
						 tmp_link);
		if (!block)
			break;

		list_del(&block->tmp_link);

		if (drm_buddy_block_order(block) < order)
			continue;

		block_start = drm_buddy_block_offset(block);
		block_end = block_start + drm_buddy_block_size(mm, block) - 1;

		if (!overlaps(start, end, block_start, block_end))
			continue;

		if (drm_buddy_block_is_allocated(block))
			continue;

		if (contains(start, end, block_start, block_end) &&
		    order == drm_buddy_block_order(block)) {
			/*
			 * Find the free block within the range.
			 */
			if (drm_buddy_block_is_free(block))
				return block;

			continue;
		}

		if (!drm_buddy_block_is_split(block)) {
			err = split_block(mm, block);
			if (unlikely(err))
				goto err_undo;
		}

		list_add(&block->right->tmp_link, &dfs);
		list_add(&block->left->tmp_link, &dfs);
	} while (1);

	return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);

err_undo:
	/*
	 * We really don't want to leave around a bunch of split blocks, since
	 * bigger is better, so make sure we merge everything back before we
	 * free the allocated blocks.
	 */
	buddy = __get_buddy(block);
	if (buddy &&
	    (drm_buddy_block_is_free(block) &&
	     drm_buddy_block_is_free(buddy)))
		__drm_buddy_free(mm, block);
	return ERR_PTR(err);
}

static struct drm_buddy_block *
get_maxblock(struct drm_buddy *mm, unsigned int order)
{
	struct drm_buddy_block *max_block = NULL, *node;
	unsigned int i;

	for (i = order; i <= mm->max_order; ++i) {
		if (!list_empty(&mm->free_list[i])) {
			node = list_last_entry(&mm->free_list[i],
					       struct drm_buddy_block,
					       link);
			if (!max_block) {
				max_block = node;
				continue;
			}

			if (drm_buddy_block_offset(node) >
			    drm_buddy_block_offset(max_block)) {
				max_block = node;
			}
		}
	}

	return max_block;
}

static struct drm_buddy_block *
alloc_from_freelist(struct drm_buddy *mm,
		    unsigned int order,
		    unsigned long flags)
{
	struct drm_buddy_block *block = NULL;
	unsigned int tmp;
	int err;

	if (flags & DRM_BUDDY_TOPDOWN_ALLOCATION) {
		block = get_maxblock(mm, order);
		if (block)
			/* Store the obtained block order */
			tmp = drm_buddy_block_order(block);
	} else {
		for (tmp = order; tmp <= mm->max_order; ++tmp) {
			if (!list_empty(&mm->free_list[tmp])) {
				block = list_last_entry(&mm->free_list[tmp],
							struct drm_buddy_block,
							link);
				if (block)
					break;
			}
		}
	}

	if (!block)
		return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);

	BUG_ON(!drm_buddy_block_is_free(block));

	while (tmp != order) {
		err = split_block(mm, block);
		if (unlikely(err))
			goto err_undo;

		block = block->right;
		tmp--;
	}
	return block;

err_undo:
	if (tmp != order)
		__drm_buddy_free(mm, block);
	return ERR_PTR(err);
}

static int __alloc_range(struct drm_buddy *mm,
			 struct list_head *dfs,
			 u64 start, u64 size,
			 struct list_head *blocks,
			 u64 *total_allocated_on_err)
{
	struct drm_buddy_block *block;
	struct drm_buddy_block *buddy;
	u64 total_allocated = 0;
	LIST_HEAD(allocated);
	u64 end;
	int err;

	end = start + size - 1;

	do {
		u64 block_start;
		u64 block_end;

		block = list_first_entry_or_null(dfs,
						 struct drm_buddy_block,
						 tmp_link);
		if (!block)
			break;

		list_del(&block->tmp_link);

		block_start = drm_buddy_block_offset(block);
		block_end = block_start + drm_buddy_block_size(mm, block) - 1;

		if (!overlaps(start, end, block_start, block_end))
			continue;

		if (drm_buddy_block_is_allocated(block)) {
			err = -ENOSPC;
			goto err_free;
		}

		if (contains(start, end, block_start, block_end)) {
			if (!drm_buddy_block_is_free(block)) {
				err = -ENOSPC;
				goto err_free;
			}

			mark_allocated(block);
			total_allocated += drm_buddy_block_size(mm, block);
			mm->avail -= drm_buddy_block_size(mm, block);
			list_add_tail(&block->link, &allocated);
			continue;
		}

		if (!drm_buddy_block_is_split(block)) {
			err = split_block(mm, block);
			if (unlikely(err))
				goto err_undo;
		}

		list_add(&block->right->tmp_link, dfs);
		list_add(&block->left->tmp_link, dfs);
	} while (1);

	list_splice_tail(&allocated, blocks);
	return 0;

err_undo:
	/*
	 * We really don't want to leave around a bunch of split blocks, since
	 * bigger is better, so make sure we merge everything back before we
	 * free the allocated blocks.
	 */
	buddy = __get_buddy(block);
	if (buddy &&
	    (drm_buddy_block_is_free(block) &&
	     drm_buddy_block_is_free(buddy)))
		__drm_buddy_free(mm, block);

err_free:
	if (err == -ENOSPC && total_allocated_on_err) {
		list_splice_tail(&allocated, blocks);
		*total_allocated_on_err = total_allocated;
	} else {
		drm_buddy_free_list(mm, &allocated);
	}

	return err;
}

static int __drm_buddy_alloc_range(struct drm_buddy *mm,
				   u64 start,
				   u64 size,
				   u64 *total_allocated_on_err,
				   struct list_head *blocks)
{
	LIST_HEAD(dfs);
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < mm->n_roots; ++i)
		list_add_tail(&mm->roots[i]->tmp_link, &dfs);

	return __alloc_range(mm, &dfs, start, size,
			     blocks, total_allocated_on_err);
}

static int __alloc_contig_try_harder(struct drm_buddy *mm,
				     u64 size,
				     u64 min_block_size,
				     struct list_head *blocks)
{
	u64 rhs_offset, lhs_offset, lhs_size, filled;
	struct drm_buddy_block *block;
	struct list_head *list;
	LIST_HEAD(blocks_lhs);
	unsigned long pages;
	unsigned int order;
	u64 modify_size;
	int err;

	modify_size = rounddown_pow_of_two(size);
	pages = modify_size >> ilog2(mm->chunk_size);
	order = fls(pages) - 1;
	if (order == 0)
		return -ENOSPC;

	list = &mm->free_list[order];
	if (list_empty(list))
		return -ENOSPC;

	list_for_each_entry_reverse(block, list, link) {
		/* Allocate blocks traversing RHS */
		rhs_offset = drm_buddy_block_offset(block);
		err =  __drm_buddy_alloc_range(mm, rhs_offset, size,
					       &filled, blocks);
		if (!err || err != -ENOSPC)
			return err;

		lhs_size = max((size - filled), min_block_size);
		if (!IS_ALIGNED(lhs_size, min_block_size))
			lhs_size = round_up(lhs_size, min_block_size);

		/* Allocate blocks traversing LHS */
		lhs_offset = drm_buddy_block_offset(block) - lhs_size;
		err =  __drm_buddy_alloc_range(mm, lhs_offset, lhs_size,
					       NULL, &blocks_lhs);
		if (!err) {
			list_splice(&blocks_lhs, blocks);
			return 0;
		} else if (err != -ENOSPC) {
			drm_buddy_free_list(mm, blocks);
			return err;
		}
		/* Free blocks for the next iteration */
		drm_buddy_free_list(mm, blocks);
	}

	return -ENOSPC;
}

/**
 * drm_buddy_block_trim - free unused pages
 *
 * @mm: DRM buddy manager
 * @new_size: original size requested
 * @blocks: Input and output list of allocated blocks.
 * MUST contain single block as input to be trimmed.
 * On success will contain the newly allocated blocks
 * making up the @new_size. Blocks always appear in
 * ascending order
 *
 * For contiguous allocation, we round up the size to the nearest
 * power of two value, drivers consume *actual* size, so remaining
 * portions are unused and can be optionally freed with this function
 *
 * Returns:
 * 0 on success, error code on failure.
 */
int drm_buddy_block_trim(struct drm_buddy *mm,
			 u64 new_size,
			 struct list_head *blocks)
{
	struct drm_buddy_block *parent;
	struct drm_buddy_block *block;
	LIST_HEAD(dfs);
	u64 new_start;
	int err;

	if (!list_is_singular(blocks))
		return -EINVAL;

	block = list_first_entry(blocks,
				 struct drm_buddy_block,
				 link);

	if (WARN_ON(!drm_buddy_block_is_allocated(block)))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (new_size > drm_buddy_block_size(mm, block))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!new_size || !IS_ALIGNED(new_size, mm->chunk_size))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (new_size == drm_buddy_block_size(mm, block))
		return 0;

	list_del(&block->link);
	mark_free(mm, block);
	mm->avail += drm_buddy_block_size(mm, block);

	/* Prevent recursively freeing this node */
	parent = block->parent;
	block->parent = NULL;

	new_start = drm_buddy_block_offset(block);
	list_add(&block->tmp_link, &dfs);
	err =  __alloc_range(mm, &dfs, new_start, new_size, blocks, NULL);
	if (err) {
		mark_allocated(block);
		mm->avail -= drm_buddy_block_size(mm, block);
		list_add(&block->link, blocks);
	}

	block->parent = parent;
	return err;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(drm_buddy_block_trim);

/**
 * drm_buddy_alloc_blocks - allocate power-of-two blocks
 *
 * @mm: DRM buddy manager to allocate from
 * @start: start of the allowed range for this block
 * @end: end of the allowed range for this block
 * @size: size of the allocation
 * @min_block_size: alignment of the allocation
 * @blocks: output list head to add allocated blocks
 * @flags: DRM_BUDDY_*_ALLOCATION flags
 *
 * alloc_range_bias() called on range limitations, which traverses
 * the tree and returns the desired block.
 *
 * alloc_from_freelist() called when *no* range restrictions
 * are enforced, which picks the block from the freelist.
 *
 * Returns:
 * 0 on success, error code on failure.
 */
int drm_buddy_alloc_blocks(struct drm_buddy *mm,
			   u64 start, u64 end, u64 size,
			   u64 min_block_size,
			   struct list_head *blocks,
			   unsigned long flags)
{
	struct drm_buddy_block *block = NULL;
	u64 original_size, original_min_size;
	unsigned int min_order, order;
	LIST_HEAD(allocated);
	unsigned long pages;
	int err;

	if (size < mm->chunk_size)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (min_block_size < mm->chunk_size)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!is_power_of_2(min_block_size))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!IS_ALIGNED(start | end | size, mm->chunk_size))
		return -EINVAL;

	if (end > mm->size)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (range_overflows(start, size, mm->size))
		return -EINVAL;

	/* Actual range allocation */
	if (start + size == end)
		return __drm_buddy_alloc_range(mm, start, size, NULL, blocks);

	original_size = size;
	original_min_size = min_block_size;

	/* Roundup the size to power of 2 */
	if (flags & DRM_BUDDY_CONTIGUOUS_ALLOCATION) {
		size = roundup_pow_of_two(size);
		min_block_size = size;
	/* Align size value to min_block_size */
	} else if (!IS_ALIGNED(size, min_block_size)) {
		size = round_up(size, min_block_size);
	}

	pages = size >> ilog2(mm->chunk_size);
	order = fls(pages) - 1;
	min_order = ilog2(min_block_size) - ilog2(mm->chunk_size);

	do {
		order = min(order, (unsigned int)fls(pages) - 1);
		BUG_ON(order > mm->max_order);
		BUG_ON(order < min_order);

		do {
			if (flags & DRM_BUDDY_RANGE_ALLOCATION)
				/* Allocate traversing within the range */
				block = alloc_range_bias(mm, start, end, order);
			else
				/* Allocate from freelist */
				block = alloc_from_freelist(mm, order, flags);

			if (!IS_ERR(block))
				break;

			if (order-- == min_order) {
				if (flags & DRM_BUDDY_CONTIGUOUS_ALLOCATION &&
				    !(flags & DRM_BUDDY_RANGE_ALLOCATION))
					/*
					 * Try contiguous block allocation through
					 * try harder method
					 */
					return __alloc_contig_try_harder(mm,
									 original_size,
									 original_min_size,
									 blocks);
				err = -ENOSPC;
				goto err_free;
			}
		} while (1);

		mark_allocated(block);
		mm->avail -= drm_buddy_block_size(mm, block);
		kmemleak_update_trace(block);
		list_add_tail(&block->link, &allocated);

		pages -= BIT(order);

		if (!pages)
			break;
	} while (1);

	/* Trim the allocated block to the required size */
	if (original_size != size) {
		struct list_head *trim_list;
		LIST_HEAD(temp);
		u64 trim_size;

		trim_list = &allocated;
		trim_size = original_size;

		if (!list_is_singular(&allocated)) {
			block = list_last_entry(&allocated, typeof(*block), link);
			list_move(&block->link, &temp);
			trim_list = &temp;
			trim_size = drm_buddy_block_size(mm, block) -
				(size - original_size);
		}

		drm_buddy_block_trim(mm,
				     trim_size,
				     trim_list);

		if (!list_empty(&temp))
			list_splice_tail(trim_list, &allocated);
	}

	list_splice_tail(&allocated, blocks);
	return 0;

err_free:
	drm_buddy_free_list(mm, &allocated);
	return err;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(drm_buddy_alloc_blocks);

/**
 * drm_buddy_block_print - print block information
 *
 * @mm: DRM buddy manager
 * @block: DRM buddy block
 * @p: DRM printer to use
 */
void drm_buddy_block_print(struct drm_buddy *mm,
			   struct drm_buddy_block *block,
			   struct drm_printer *p)
{
	u64 start = drm_buddy_block_offset(block);
	u64 size = drm_buddy_block_size(mm, block);

	drm_printf(p, "%#018llx-%#018llx: %llu\n", start, start + size, size);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(drm_buddy_block_print);

/**
 * drm_buddy_print - print allocator state
 *
 * @mm: DRM buddy manager
 * @p: DRM printer to use
 */
void drm_buddy_print(struct drm_buddy *mm, struct drm_printer *p)
{
	int order;

	drm_printf(p, "chunk_size: %lluKiB, total: %lluMiB, free: %lluMiB\n",
		   mm->chunk_size >> 10, mm->size >> 20, mm->avail >> 20);

	for (order = mm->max_order; order >= 0; order--) {
		struct drm_buddy_block *block;
		u64 count = 0, free;

		list_for_each_entry(block, &mm->free_list[order], link) {
			BUG_ON(!drm_buddy_block_is_free(block));
			count++;
		}

		drm_printf(p, "order-%2d ", order);

		free = count * (mm->chunk_size << order);
		if (free < SZ_1M)
			drm_printf(p, "free: %8llu KiB", free >> 10);
		else
			drm_printf(p, "free: %8llu MiB", free >> 20);

		drm_printf(p, ", blocks: %llu\n", count);
	}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(drm_buddy_print);

static void drm_buddy_module_exit(void)
{
	kmem_cache_destroy(slab_blocks);
}

static int __init drm_buddy_module_init(void)
{
	slab_blocks = KMEM_CACHE(drm_buddy_block, 0);
	if (!slab_blocks)
		return -ENOMEM;

	return 0;
}

module_init(drm_buddy_module_init);
module_exit(drm_buddy_module_exit);

MODULE_DESCRIPTION("DRM Buddy Allocator");
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual MIT/GPL");