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Some PCI bridges implement BARs in addition to bridge windows. For
example, here's a PLX switch:
04:00.0 PCI bridge: PLX Technology, Inc. PEX 8724 24-Lane, 6-Port PCI
Express Gen 3 (8 GT/s) Switch, 19 x 19mm FCBGA (rev ca)
(prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 30, NUMA node 0
Memory at 90a00000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256K]
Bus: primary=04, secondary=05, subordinate=0a, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 00002000-00003fff
Memory behind bridge: 90000000-909fffff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 0000380000800000-0000380000bfffff
Previously, when the kernel assigned resource addresses (with the
pci=realloc command line parameter, for example) it could clear the struct
resource corresponding to the BAR. When this happened, lspci would report
this BAR as "ignored":
Region 0: Memory at <ignored> (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256K]
This is because the kernel reports a zero start address and zero flags
in the corresponding sysfs resource file and in /proc/bus/pci/devices.
Investigation with 'lspci -x', however, shows the BIOS-assigned address
will still be programmed in the device's BAR registers.
It's clearly a bug that the kernel lost track of the BAR value, but in most
cases, this still won't result in a visible issue because nothing uses the
memory, so nothing is affected. However, when an IOMMU is in use, it will
not reserve this space in the IOVA because the kernel no longer thinks the
range is valid. (See dmar_init_reserved_ranges() for the Intel
implementation of this.)
Without the proper reserved range, a DMA mapping may allocate an IOVA that
matches a bridge BAR, which results in DMA accesses going to the BAR
instead of the intended RAM.
The problem was in pci_assign_unassigned_root_bus_resources(). When any
resource from a bridge device fails to get assigned, the code set the
resource's flags to zero. This makes sense for bridge windows, as they
will be re-enabled later, but for regular BARs, it makes the kernel
permanently lose track of the fact that they decode address space.
Change pci_assign_unassigned_root_bus_resources() and
pci_assign_unassigned_bridge_resources() so they only clear "res->flags"
for bridge *windows*, not bridge BARs.
Fixes:
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| arch | ||
| block | ||
| certs | ||
| crypto | ||
| Documentation | ||
| drivers | ||
| fs | ||
| include | ||
| init | ||
| ipc | ||
| kernel | ||
| lib | ||
| LICENSES | ||
| mm | ||
| net | ||
| samples | ||
| scripts | ||
| security | ||
| sound | ||
| tools | ||
| usr | ||
| virt | ||
| .clang-format | ||
| .cocciconfig | ||
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| COPYING | ||
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| Makefile | ||
| README | ||
Linux kernel
============
There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.
In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``. The formatted documentation can also be read online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/
There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.
Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.