Commit e8ae0e140c ("vfio: Require that devices support DMA cache
coherence") requires IOMMU drivers to advertise
IOMMU_CAP_CACHE_COHERENCY, in order to be used by VFIO. Since VFIO does
not provide to userspace the ability to maintain coherency through cache
invalidations, it requires hardware coherency. Advertise the capability
in order to restore VFIO support.
The meaning of IOMMU_CAP_CACHE_COHERENCY also changed from "IOMMU can
enforce cache coherent DMA transactions" to "IOMMU_CACHE is supported".
While virtio-iommu cannot enforce coherency (of PCIe no-snoop
transactions), it does support IOMMU_CACHE.
We can distinguish different cases of non-coherent DMA:
(1) When accesses from a hardware endpoint are not coherent. The host
would describe such a device using firmware methods ('dma-coherent'
in device-tree, '_CCA' in ACPI), since they are also needed without
a vIOMMU. In this case mappings are created without IOMMU_CACHE.
virtio-iommu doesn't need any additional support. It sends the same
requests as for coherent devices.
(2) When the physical IOMMU supports non-cacheable mappings. Supporting
those would require a new feature in virtio-iommu, new PROBE request
property and MAP flags. Device drivers would use a new API to
discover this since it depends on the architecture and the physical
IOMMU.
(3) When the hardware supports PCIe no-snoop. It is possible for
assigned PCIe devices to issue no-snoop transactions, and the
virtio-iommu specification is lacking any mention of this.
Arm platforms don't necessarily support no-snoop, and those that do
cannot enforce coherency of no-snoop transactions. Device drivers
must be careful about assuming that no-snoop transactions won't end
up cached; see commit e02f5c1bb2 ("drm: disable uncached DMA
optimization for ARM and arm64"). On x86 platforms, the host may or
may not enforce coherency of no-snoop transactions with the physical
IOMMU. But according to the above commit, on x86 a driver which
assumes that no-snoop DMA is compatible with uncached CPU mappings
will also work if the host enforces coherency.
Although these issues are not specific to virtio-iommu, it could be
used to facilitate discovery and configuration of no-snoop. This
would require a new feature bit, PROBE property and ATTACH/MAP
flags.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: e8ae0e140c ("vfio: Require that devices support DMA cache coherence")
Signed-off-by: Jean-Philippe Brucker <jean-philippe@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220825154622.86759-1-jean-philippe@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
91c98fe794