linux/arch/arc/mm/cache.c

/*
 * ARC Cache Management
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2014-15 Synopsys, Inc. (www.synopsys.com)
 * Copyright (C) 2004, 2007-2010, 2011-2012 Synopsys, Inc. (www.synopsys.com)
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
 */

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/cache.h>
#include <linux/mmu_context.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
#include <asm/cachectl.h>
#include <asm/setup.h>

char *arc_cache_mumbojumbo(int c, char *buf, int len)
{
	int n = 0;

#define PR_CACHE(p, cfg, str)						\
	if (!(p)->ver)							\
		n += scnprintf(buf + n, len - n, str"\t\t: N/A\n");	\
	else								\
		n += scnprintf(buf + n, len - n,			\
			str"\t\t: %uK, %dway/set, %uB Line, %s%s%s\n",	\
			(p)->sz_k, (p)->assoc, (p)->line_len,		\
			(p)->vipt ? "VIPT" : "PIPT",			\
			(p)->alias ? " aliasing" : "",			\
			IS_ENABLED(cfg) ? "" : " (not used)");

	PR_CACHE(&cpuinfo_arc700[c].icache, CONFIG_ARC_HAS_ICACHE, "I-Cache");
	PR_CACHE(&cpuinfo_arc700[c].dcache, CONFIG_ARC_HAS_DCACHE, "D-Cache");

	return buf;
}

/*
 * Read the Cache Build Confuration Registers, Decode them and save into
 * the cpuinfo structure for later use.
 * No Validation done here, simply read/convert the BCRs
 */
void read_decode_cache_bcr(void)
{
	struct cpuinfo_arc_cache *p_ic, *p_dc;
	unsigned int cpu = smp_processor_id();
	struct bcr_cache {
#ifdef CONFIG_CPU_BIG_ENDIAN
		unsigned int pad:12, line_len:4, sz:4, config:4, ver:8;
#else
		unsigned int ver:8, config:4, sz:4, line_len:4, pad:12;
#endif
	} ibcr, dbcr;

	p_ic = &cpuinfo_arc700[cpu].icache;
	READ_BCR(ARC_REG_IC_BCR, ibcr);

	if (!ibcr.ver)
		goto dc_chk;

	BUG_ON(ibcr.config != 3);
	p_ic->assoc = 2;		/* Fixed to 2w set assoc */
	p_ic->line_len = 8 << ibcr.line_len;
	p_ic->sz_k = 1 << (ibcr.sz - 1);
	p_ic->ver = ibcr.ver;
	p_ic->vipt = 1;
	p_ic->alias = p_ic->sz_k/p_ic->assoc/TO_KB(PAGE_SIZE) > 1;

dc_chk:
	p_dc = &cpuinfo_arc700[cpu].dcache;
	READ_BCR(ARC_REG_DC_BCR, dbcr);

	if (!dbcr.ver)
		return;

	BUG_ON(dbcr.config != 2);
	p_dc->assoc = 4;		/* Fixed to 4w set assoc */
	p_dc->line_len = 16 << dbcr.line_len;
	p_dc->sz_k = 1 << (dbcr.sz - 1);
	p_dc->ver = dbcr.ver;
	p_dc->vipt = 1;
	p_dc->alias = p_dc->sz_k/p_dc->assoc/TO_KB(PAGE_SIZE) > 1;
}

/*
 * Line Operation on {I,D}-Cache
 */

#define OP_INV		0x1
#define OP_FLUSH	0x2
#define OP_FLUSH_N_INV	0x3
#define OP_INV_IC	0x4

/*
 *		I-Cache Aliasing in ARC700 VIPT caches (MMU v1-v3)
 *
 * ARC VIPT I-cache uses vaddr to index into cache and paddr to match the tag.
 * The orig Cache Management Module "CDU" only required paddr to invalidate a
 * certain line since it sufficed as index in Non-Aliasing VIPT cache-geometry.
 * Infact for distinct V1,V2,P: all of {V1-P},{V2-P},{P-P} would end up fetching
 * the exact same line.
 *
 * However for larger Caches (way-size > page-size) - i.e. in Aliasing config,
 * paddr alone could not be used to correctly index the cache.
 *
 * ------------------
 * MMU v1/v2 (Fixed Page Size 8k)
 * ------------------
 * The solution was to provide CDU with these additonal vaddr bits. These
 * would be bits [x:13], x would depend on cache-geometry, 13 comes from
 * standard page size of 8k.
 * H/w folks chose [17:13] to be a future safe range, and moreso these 5 bits
 * of vaddr could easily be "stuffed" in the paddr as bits [4:0] since the
 * orig 5 bits of paddr were anyways ignored by CDU line ops, as they
 * represent the offset within cache-line. The adv of using this "clumsy"
 * interface for additional info was no new reg was needed in CDU programming
 * model.
 *
 * 17:13 represented the max num of bits passable, actual bits needed were
 * fewer, based on the num-of-aliases possible.
 * -for 2 alias possibility, only bit 13 needed (32K cache)
 * -for 4 alias possibility, bits 14:13 needed (64K cache)
 *
 * ------------------
 * MMU v3
 * ------------------
 * This ver of MMU supports variable page sizes (1k-16k): although Linux will
 * only support 8k (default), 16k and 4k.
 * However from hardware perspective, smaller page sizes aggrevate aliasing
 * meaning more vaddr bits needed to disambiguate the cache-line-op ;
 * the existing scheme of piggybacking won't work for certain configurations.
 * Two new registers IC_PTAG and DC_PTAG inttoduced.
 * "tag" bits are provided in PTAG, index bits in existing IVIL/IVDL/FLDL regs
 */

static inline void __cache_line_loop(unsigned long paddr, unsigned long vaddr,
				     unsigned long sz, const int op)
{
	unsigned int aux_cmd, aux_tag;
	int num_lines;
	const int full_page_op = __builtin_constant_p(sz) && sz == PAGE_SIZE;

	if (op == OP_INV_IC) {
		aux_cmd = ARC_REG_IC_IVIL;
#if (CONFIG_ARC_MMU_VER > 2)
		aux_tag = ARC_REG_IC_PTAG;
#endif
	}
	else {
		/* d$ cmd: INV (discard or wback-n-discard) OR FLUSH (wback) */
		aux_cmd = op & OP_INV ? ARC_REG_DC_IVDL : ARC_REG_DC_FLDL;
#if (CONFIG_ARC_MMU_VER > 2)
		aux_tag = ARC_REG_DC_PTAG;
#endif
	}

	/* Ensure we properly floor/ceil the non-line aligned/sized requests
	 * and have @paddr - aligned to cache line and integral @num_lines.
	 * This however can be avoided for page sized since:
	 *  -@paddr will be cache-line aligned already (being page aligned)
	 *  -@sz will be integral multiple of line size (being page sized).
	 */
	if (!full_page_op) {
		sz += paddr & ~CACHE_LINE_MASK;
		paddr &= CACHE_LINE_MASK;
		vaddr &= CACHE_LINE_MASK;
	}

	num_lines = DIV_ROUND_UP(sz, L1_CACHE_BYTES);

#if (CONFIG_ARC_MMU_VER <= 2)
	/* MMUv2 and before: paddr contains stuffed vaddrs bits */
	paddr |= (vaddr >> PAGE_SHIFT) & 0x1F;
#else
	/* if V-P const for loop, PTAG can be written once outside loop */
	if (full_page_op)
		write_aux_reg(aux_tag, paddr);
#endif

	while (num_lines-- > 0) {
#if (CONFIG_ARC_MMU_VER > 2)
		/* MMUv3, cache ops require paddr seperately */
		if (!full_page_op) {
			write_aux_reg(aux_tag, paddr);
			paddr += L1_CACHE_BYTES;
		}

		write_aux_reg(aux_cmd, vaddr);
		vaddr += L1_CACHE_BYTES;
#else
		write_aux_reg(aux_cmd, paddr);
		paddr += L1_CACHE_BYTES;
#endif
	}
}

#ifdef CONFIG_ARC_HAS_DCACHE

/***************************************************************
 * Machine specific helpers for Entire D-Cache or Per Line ops
 */

static inline void __before_dc_op(const int op)
{
	if (op == OP_FLUSH_N_INV) {
		/* Dcache provides 2 cmd: FLUSH or INV
		 * INV inturn has sub-modes: DISCARD or FLUSH-BEFORE
		 * flush-n-inv is achieved by INV cmd but with IM=1
		 * So toggle INV sub-mode depending on op request and default
		 */
		const unsigned int ctl = ARC_REG_DC_CTRL;
		write_aux_reg(ctl, read_aux_reg(ctl) | DC_CTRL_INV_MODE_FLUSH);
	}
}

static inline void __after_dc_op(const int op)
{
	if (op & OP_FLUSH) {
		const unsigned int ctl = ARC_REG_DC_CTRL;
		unsigned int reg;

		/* flush / flush-n-inv both wait */
		while ((reg = read_aux_reg(ctl)) & DC_CTRL_FLUSH_STATUS)
			;

		/* Switch back to default Invalidate mode */
		if (op == OP_FLUSH_N_INV)
			write_aux_reg(ctl, reg & ~DC_CTRL_INV_MODE_FLUSH);
	}
}

/*
 * Operation on Entire D-Cache
 * @op = {OP_INV, OP_FLUSH, OP_FLUSH_N_INV}
 * Note that constant propagation ensures all the checks are gone
 * in generated code
 */
static inline void __dc_entire_op(const int op)
{
	int aux;

	__before_dc_op(op);

	if (op & OP_INV)	/* Inv or flush-n-inv use same cmd reg */
		aux = ARC_REG_DC_IVDC;
	else
		aux = ARC_REG_DC_FLSH;

	write_aux_reg(aux, 0x1);

	__after_dc_op(op);
}

/* For kernel mappings cache operation: index is same as paddr */
#define __dc_line_op_k(p, sz, op)	__dc_line_op(p, p, sz, op)

/*
 * D-Cache Line ops: Per Line INV (discard or wback+discard) or FLUSH (wback)
 */
static inline void __dc_line_op(unsigned long paddr, unsigned long vaddr,
				unsigned long sz, const int op)
{
	unsigned long flags;

	local_irq_save(flags);

	__before_dc_op(op);

	__cache_line_loop(paddr, vaddr, sz, op);

	__after_dc_op(op);

	local_irq_restore(flags);
}

#else

#define __dc_entire_op(op)
#define __dc_line_op(paddr, vaddr, sz, op)
#define __dc_line_op_k(paddr, sz, op)

#endif /* CONFIG_ARC_HAS_DCACHE */

#ifdef CONFIG_ARC_HAS_ICACHE

static inline void __ic_entire_inv(void)
{
	write_aux_reg(ARC_REG_IC_IVIC, 1);
	read_aux_reg(ARC_REG_IC_CTRL);	/* blocks */
}

static inline void
__ic_line_inv_vaddr_local(unsigned long paddr, unsigned long vaddr,
			  unsigned long sz)
{
	unsigned long flags;

	local_irq_save(flags);
	__cache_line_loop(paddr, vaddr, sz, OP_INV_IC);
	local_irq_restore(flags);
}

#ifndef CONFIG_SMP

#define __ic_line_inv_vaddr(p, v, s)	__ic_line_inv_vaddr_local(p, v, s)

#else

struct ic_inv_args {
	unsigned long paddr, vaddr;
	int sz;
};

static void __ic_line_inv_vaddr_helper(void *info)
{
        struct ic_inv_args *ic_inv = info;

        __ic_line_inv_vaddr_local(ic_inv->paddr, ic_inv->vaddr, ic_inv->sz);
}

static void __ic_line_inv_vaddr(unsigned long paddr, unsigned long vaddr,
				unsigned long sz)
{
	struct ic_inv_args ic_inv = {
		.paddr = paddr,
		.vaddr = vaddr,
		.sz    = sz
	};

	on_each_cpu(__ic_line_inv_vaddr_helper, &ic_inv, 1);
}

#endif	/* CONFIG_SMP */

#else	/* !CONFIG_ARC_HAS_ICACHE */

#define __ic_entire_inv()
#define __ic_line_inv_vaddr(pstart, vstart, sz)

#endif /* CONFIG_ARC_HAS_ICACHE */


/***********************************************************
 * Exported APIs
 */

/*
 * Handle cache congruency of kernel and userspace mappings of page when kernel
 * writes-to/reads-from
 *
 * The idea is to defer flushing of kernel mapping after a WRITE, possible if:
 *  -dcache is NOT aliasing, hence any U/K-mappings of page are congruent
 *  -U-mapping doesn't exist yet for page (finalised in update_mmu_cache)
 *  -In SMP, if hardware caches are coherent
 *
 * There's a corollary case, where kernel READs from a userspace mapped page.
 * If the U-mapping is not congruent to to K-mapping, former needs flushing.
 */
void flush_dcache_page(struct page *page)
{
	struct address_space *mapping;

	if (!cache_is_vipt_aliasing()) {
		clear_bit(PG_dc_clean, &page->flags);
		return;
	}

	/* don't handle anon pages here */
	mapping = page_mapping(page);
	if (!mapping)
		return;

	/*
	 * pagecache page, file not yet mapped to userspace
	 * Make a note that K-mapping is dirty
	 */
	if (!mapping_mapped(mapping)) {
		clear_bit(PG_dc_clean, &page->flags);
	} else if (page_mapped(page)) {

		/* kernel reading from page with U-mapping */
		unsigned long paddr = (unsigned long)page_address(page);
		unsigned long vaddr = page->index << PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;

		if (addr_not_cache_congruent(paddr, vaddr))
			__flush_dcache_page(paddr, vaddr);
	}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(flush_dcache_page);


void dma_cache_wback_inv(unsigned long start, unsigned long sz)
{
	__dc_line_op_k(start, sz, OP_FLUSH_N_INV);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dma_cache_wback_inv);

void dma_cache_inv(unsigned long start, unsigned long sz)
{
	__dc_line_op_k(start, sz, OP_INV);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dma_cache_inv);

void dma_cache_wback(unsigned long start, unsigned long sz)
{
	__dc_line_op_k(start, sz, OP_FLUSH);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dma_cache_wback);

/*
 * This is API for making I/D Caches consistent when modifying
 * kernel code (loadable modules, kprobes, kgdb...)
 * This is called on insmod, with kernel virtual address for CODE of
 * the module. ARC cache maintenance ops require PHY address thus we
 * need to convert vmalloc addr to PHY addr
 */
void flush_icache_range(unsigned long kstart, unsigned long kend)
{
	unsigned int tot_sz;

	WARN(kstart < TASK_SIZE, "%s() can't handle user vaddr", __func__);

	/* Shortcut for bigger flush ranges.
	 * Here we don't care if this was kernel virtual or phy addr
	 */
	tot_sz = kend - kstart;
	if (tot_sz > PAGE_SIZE) {
		flush_cache_all();
		return;
	}

	/* Case: Kernel Phy addr (0x8000_0000 onwards) */
	if (likely(kstart > PAGE_OFFSET)) {
		/*
		 * The 2nd arg despite being paddr will be used to index icache
		 * This is OK since no alternate virtual mappings will exist
		 * given the callers for this case: kprobe/kgdb in built-in
		 * kernel code only.
		 */
		__sync_icache_dcache(kstart, kstart, kend - kstart);
		return;
	}

	/*
	 * Case: Kernel Vaddr (0x7000_0000 to 0x7fff_ffff)
	 * (1) ARC Cache Maintenance ops only take Phy addr, hence special
	 *     handling of kernel vaddr.
	 *
	 * (2) Despite @tot_sz being < PAGE_SIZE (bigger cases handled already),
	 *     it still needs to handle  a 2 page scenario, where the range
	 *     straddles across 2 virtual pages and hence need for loop
	 */
	while (tot_sz > 0) {
		unsigned int off, sz;
		unsigned long phy, pfn;

		off = kstart % PAGE_SIZE;
		pfn = vmalloc_to_pfn((void *)kstart);
		phy = (pfn << PAGE_SHIFT) + off;
		sz = min_t(unsigned int, tot_sz, PAGE_SIZE - off);
		__sync_icache_dcache(phy, kstart, sz);
		kstart += sz;
		tot_sz -= sz;
	}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(flush_icache_range);

/*
 * General purpose helper to make I and D cache lines consistent.
 * @paddr is phy addr of region
 * @vaddr is typically user vaddr (breakpoint) or kernel vaddr (vmalloc)
 *    However in one instance, when called by kprobe (for a breakpt in
 *    builtin kernel code) @vaddr will be paddr only, meaning CDU operation will
 *    use a paddr to index the cache (despite VIPT). This is fine since since a
 *    builtin kernel page will not have any virtual mappings.
 *    kprobe on loadable module will be kernel vaddr.
 */
void __sync_icache_dcache(unsigned long paddr, unsigned long vaddr, int len)
{
	__dc_line_op(paddr, vaddr, len, OP_FLUSH_N_INV);
	__ic_line_inv_vaddr(paddr, vaddr, len);
}

/* wrapper to compile time eliminate alignment checks in flush loop */
void __inv_icache_page(unsigned long paddr, unsigned long vaddr)
{
	__ic_line_inv_vaddr(paddr, vaddr, PAGE_SIZE);
}

/*
 * wrapper to clearout kernel or userspace mappings of a page
 * For kernel mappings @vaddr == @paddr
 */
void __flush_dcache_page(unsigned long paddr, unsigned long vaddr)
{
	__dc_line_op(paddr, vaddr & PAGE_MASK, PAGE_SIZE, OP_FLUSH_N_INV);
}

noinline void flush_cache_all(void)
{
	unsigned long flags;

	local_irq_save(flags);

	__ic_entire_inv();
	__dc_entire_op(OP_FLUSH_N_INV);

	local_irq_restore(flags);

}

#ifdef CONFIG_ARC_CACHE_VIPT_ALIASING

void flush_cache_mm(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
	flush_cache_all();
}

void flush_cache_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long u_vaddr,
		      unsigned long pfn)
{
	unsigned int paddr = pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;

	u_vaddr &= PAGE_MASK;

	__flush_dcache_page(paddr, u_vaddr);

	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_EXEC)
		__inv_icache_page(paddr, u_vaddr);
}

void flush_cache_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
		       unsigned long end)
{
	flush_cache_all();
}

void flush_anon_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct page *page,
		     unsigned long u_vaddr)
{
	/* TBD: do we really need to clear the kernel mapping */
	__flush_dcache_page(page_address(page), u_vaddr);
	__flush_dcache_page(page_address(page), page_address(page));

}

#endif

void copy_user_highpage(struct page *to, struct page *from,
	unsigned long u_vaddr, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
	unsigned long kfrom = (unsigned long)page_address(from);
	unsigned long kto = (unsigned long)page_address(to);
	int clean_src_k_mappings = 0;

	/*
	 * If SRC page was already mapped in userspace AND it's U-mapping is
	 * not congruent with K-mapping, sync former to physical page so that
	 * K-mapping in memcpy below, sees the right data
	 *
	 * Note that while @u_vaddr refers to DST page's userspace vaddr, it is
	 * equally valid for SRC page as well
	 */
	if (page_mapped(from) && addr_not_cache_congruent(kfrom, u_vaddr)) {
		__flush_dcache_page(kfrom, u_vaddr);
		clean_src_k_mappings = 1;
	}

	copy_page((void *)kto, (void *)kfrom);

	/*
	 * Mark DST page K-mapping as dirty for a later finalization by
	 * update_mmu_cache(). Although the finalization could have been done
	 * here as well (given that both vaddr/paddr are available).
	 * But update_mmu_cache() already has code to do that for other
	 * non copied user pages (e.g. read faults which wire in pagecache page
	 * directly).
	 */
	clear_bit(PG_dc_clean, &to->flags);

	/*
	 * if SRC was already usermapped and non-congruent to kernel mapping
	 * sync the kernel mapping back to physical page
	 */
	if (clean_src_k_mappings) {
		__flush_dcache_page(kfrom, kfrom);
		set_bit(PG_dc_clean, &from->flags);
	} else {
		clear_bit(PG_dc_clean, &from->flags);
	}
}

void clear_user_page(void *to, unsigned long u_vaddr, struct page *page)
{
	clear_page(to);
	clear_bit(PG_dc_clean, &page->flags);
}


/**********************************************************************
 * Explicit Cache flush request from user space via syscall
 * Needed for JITs which generate code on the fly
 */
SYSCALL_DEFINE3(cacheflush, uint32_t, start, uint32_t, sz, uint32_t, flags)
{
	/* TBD: optimize this */
	flush_cache_all();
	return 0;
}

void arc_cache_init(void)
{
	unsigned int __maybe_unused cpu = smp_processor_id();
	char str[256];

	printk(arc_cache_mumbojumbo(0, str, sizeof(str)));

	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARC_HAS_ICACHE)) {
		struct cpuinfo_arc_cache *ic = &cpuinfo_arc700[cpu].icache;

		if (!ic->ver)
			panic("cache support enabled but non-existent cache\n");

		if (ic->line_len != L1_CACHE_BYTES)
			panic("ICache line [%d] != kernel Config [%d]",
			      ic->line_len, L1_CACHE_BYTES);

		if (ic->ver != CONFIG_ARC_MMU_VER)
			panic("Cache ver [%d] doesn't match MMU ver [%d]\n",
			      ic->ver, CONFIG_ARC_MMU_VER);
	}

	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARC_HAS_DCACHE)) {
		struct cpuinfo_arc_cache *dc = &cpuinfo_arc700[cpu].dcache;
		int handled;

		if (!dc->ver)
			panic("cache support enabled but non-existent cache\n");

		if (dc->line_len != L1_CACHE_BYTES)
			panic("DCache line [%d] != kernel Config [%d]",
			      dc->line_len, L1_CACHE_BYTES);

		/* check for D-Cache aliasing */
		handled = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARC_CACHE_VIPT_ALIASING);

		if (dc->alias && !handled)
			panic("Enable CONFIG_ARC_CACHE_VIPT_ALIASING\n");
		else if (!dc->alias && handled)
			panic("Disable CONFIG_ARC_CACHE_VIPT_ALIASING\n");
	}
}