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This version of the gen_pool memory allocator supports lockless operation. This makes it safe to use in NMI handlers and other special unblockable contexts that could otherwise deadlock on locks. This is implemented by using atomic operations and retries on any conflicts. The disadvantage is that there may be livelocks in extreme cases. For better scalability, one gen_pool allocator can be used for each CPU. The lockless operation only works if there is enough memory available. If new memory is added to the pool a lock has to be still taken. So any user relying on locklessness has to ensure that sufficient memory is preallocated. The basic atomic operation of this allocator is cmpxchg on long. On architectures that don't have NMI-safe cmpxchg implementation, the allocator can NOT be used in NMI handler. So code uses the allocator in NMI handler should depend on CONFIG_ARCH_HAVE_NMI_SAFE_CMPXCHG. Signed-off-by: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
403 lines
11 KiB
C
403 lines
11 KiB
C
/*
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* Basic general purpose allocator for managing special purpose
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* memory, for example, memory that is not managed by the regular
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* kmalloc/kfree interface. Uses for this includes on-device special
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* memory, uncached memory etc.
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*
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* It is safe to use the allocator in NMI handlers and other special
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* unblockable contexts that could otherwise deadlock on locks. This
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* is implemented by using atomic operations and retries on any
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* conflicts. The disadvantage is that there may be livelocks in
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* extreme cases. For better scalability, one allocator can be used
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* for each CPU.
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*
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* The lockless operation only works if there is enough memory
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* available. If new memory is added to the pool a lock has to be
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* still taken. So any user relying on locklessness has to ensure
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* that sufficient memory is preallocated.
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*
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* The basic atomic operation of this allocator is cmpxchg on long.
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* On architectures that don't have NMI-safe cmpxchg implementation,
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* the allocator can NOT be used in NMI handler. So code uses the
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* allocator in NMI handler should depend on
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* CONFIG_ARCH_HAVE_NMI_SAFE_CMPXCHG.
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*
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* Copyright 2005 (C) Jes Sorensen <jes@trained-monkey.org>
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*
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* This source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License,
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* Version 2. See the file COPYING for more details.
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*/
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#include <linux/slab.h>
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#include <linux/module.h>
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#include <linux/bitmap.h>
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#include <linux/rculist.h>
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#include <linux/interrupt.h>
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#include <linux/genalloc.h>
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static int set_bits_ll(unsigned long *addr, unsigned long mask_to_set)
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{
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unsigned long val, nval;
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nval = *addr;
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do {
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val = nval;
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if (val & mask_to_set)
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return -EBUSY;
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cpu_relax();
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} while ((nval = cmpxchg(addr, val, val | mask_to_set)) != val);
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return 0;
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}
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static int clear_bits_ll(unsigned long *addr, unsigned long mask_to_clear)
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{
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unsigned long val, nval;
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nval = *addr;
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do {
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val = nval;
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if ((val & mask_to_clear) != mask_to_clear)
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return -EBUSY;
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cpu_relax();
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} while ((nval = cmpxchg(addr, val, val & ~mask_to_clear)) != val);
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return 0;
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}
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/*
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* bitmap_set_ll - set the specified number of bits at the specified position
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* @map: pointer to a bitmap
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* @start: a bit position in @map
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* @nr: number of bits to set
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*
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* Set @nr bits start from @start in @map lock-lessly. Several users
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* can set/clear the same bitmap simultaneously without lock. If two
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* users set the same bit, one user will return remain bits, otherwise
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* return 0.
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*/
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static int bitmap_set_ll(unsigned long *map, int start, int nr)
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{
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unsigned long *p = map + BIT_WORD(start);
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const int size = start + nr;
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int bits_to_set = BITS_PER_LONG - (start % BITS_PER_LONG);
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unsigned long mask_to_set = BITMAP_FIRST_WORD_MASK(start);
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while (nr - bits_to_set >= 0) {
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if (set_bits_ll(p, mask_to_set))
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return nr;
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nr -= bits_to_set;
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bits_to_set = BITS_PER_LONG;
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mask_to_set = ~0UL;
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p++;
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}
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if (nr) {
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mask_to_set &= BITMAP_LAST_WORD_MASK(size);
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if (set_bits_ll(p, mask_to_set))
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return nr;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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/*
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* bitmap_clear_ll - clear the specified number of bits at the specified position
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* @map: pointer to a bitmap
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* @start: a bit position in @map
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* @nr: number of bits to set
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*
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* Clear @nr bits start from @start in @map lock-lessly. Several users
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* can set/clear the same bitmap simultaneously without lock. If two
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* users clear the same bit, one user will return remain bits,
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* otherwise return 0.
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*/
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static int bitmap_clear_ll(unsigned long *map, int start, int nr)
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{
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unsigned long *p = map + BIT_WORD(start);
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const int size = start + nr;
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int bits_to_clear = BITS_PER_LONG - (start % BITS_PER_LONG);
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unsigned long mask_to_clear = BITMAP_FIRST_WORD_MASK(start);
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while (nr - bits_to_clear >= 0) {
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if (clear_bits_ll(p, mask_to_clear))
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return nr;
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nr -= bits_to_clear;
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bits_to_clear = BITS_PER_LONG;
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mask_to_clear = ~0UL;
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p++;
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}
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if (nr) {
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mask_to_clear &= BITMAP_LAST_WORD_MASK(size);
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if (clear_bits_ll(p, mask_to_clear))
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return nr;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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/**
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* gen_pool_create - create a new special memory pool
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* @min_alloc_order: log base 2 of number of bytes each bitmap bit represents
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* @nid: node id of the node the pool structure should be allocated on, or -1
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*
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* Create a new special memory pool that can be used to manage special purpose
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* memory not managed by the regular kmalloc/kfree interface.
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*/
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struct gen_pool *gen_pool_create(int min_alloc_order, int nid)
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{
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struct gen_pool *pool;
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pool = kmalloc_node(sizeof(struct gen_pool), GFP_KERNEL, nid);
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if (pool != NULL) {
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spin_lock_init(&pool->lock);
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INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pool->chunks);
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pool->min_alloc_order = min_alloc_order;
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}
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return pool;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_pool_create);
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/**
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* gen_pool_add_virt - add a new chunk of special memory to the pool
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* @pool: pool to add new memory chunk to
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* @virt: virtual starting address of memory chunk to add to pool
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* @phys: physical starting address of memory chunk to add to pool
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* @size: size in bytes of the memory chunk to add to pool
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* @nid: node id of the node the chunk structure and bitmap should be
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* allocated on, or -1
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*
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* Add a new chunk of special memory to the specified pool.
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*
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* Returns 0 on success or a -ve errno on failure.
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*/
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int gen_pool_add_virt(struct gen_pool *pool, unsigned long virt, phys_addr_t phys,
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size_t size, int nid)
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{
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struct gen_pool_chunk *chunk;
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int nbits = size >> pool->min_alloc_order;
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int nbytes = sizeof(struct gen_pool_chunk) +
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(nbits + BITS_PER_BYTE - 1) / BITS_PER_BYTE;
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chunk = kmalloc_node(nbytes, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO, nid);
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if (unlikely(chunk == NULL))
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return -ENOMEM;
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chunk->phys_addr = phys;
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chunk->start_addr = virt;
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chunk->end_addr = virt + size;
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atomic_set(&chunk->avail, size);
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spin_lock(&pool->lock);
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list_add_rcu(&chunk->next_chunk, &pool->chunks);
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spin_unlock(&pool->lock);
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return 0;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_pool_add_virt);
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/**
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* gen_pool_virt_to_phys - return the physical address of memory
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* @pool: pool to allocate from
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* @addr: starting address of memory
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*
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* Returns the physical address on success, or -1 on error.
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*/
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phys_addr_t gen_pool_virt_to_phys(struct gen_pool *pool, unsigned long addr)
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{
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struct gen_pool_chunk *chunk;
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phys_addr_t paddr = -1;
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rcu_read_lock();
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list_for_each_entry_rcu(chunk, &pool->chunks, next_chunk) {
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if (addr >= chunk->start_addr && addr < chunk->end_addr) {
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paddr = chunk->phys_addr + (addr - chunk->start_addr);
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break;
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}
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}
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rcu_read_unlock();
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return paddr;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_pool_virt_to_phys);
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/**
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* gen_pool_destroy - destroy a special memory pool
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* @pool: pool to destroy
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*
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* Destroy the specified special memory pool. Verifies that there are no
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* outstanding allocations.
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*/
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void gen_pool_destroy(struct gen_pool *pool)
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{
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struct list_head *_chunk, *_next_chunk;
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struct gen_pool_chunk *chunk;
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int order = pool->min_alloc_order;
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int bit, end_bit;
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list_for_each_safe(_chunk, _next_chunk, &pool->chunks) {
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chunk = list_entry(_chunk, struct gen_pool_chunk, next_chunk);
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list_del(&chunk->next_chunk);
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end_bit = (chunk->end_addr - chunk->start_addr) >> order;
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bit = find_next_bit(chunk->bits, end_bit, 0);
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BUG_ON(bit < end_bit);
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kfree(chunk);
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}
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kfree(pool);
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return;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_pool_destroy);
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/**
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* gen_pool_alloc - allocate special memory from the pool
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* @pool: pool to allocate from
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* @size: number of bytes to allocate from the pool
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*
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* Allocate the requested number of bytes from the specified pool.
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* Uses a first-fit algorithm. Can not be used in NMI handler on
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* architectures without NMI-safe cmpxchg implementation.
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*/
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unsigned long gen_pool_alloc(struct gen_pool *pool, size_t size)
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{
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struct gen_pool_chunk *chunk;
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unsigned long addr = 0;
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int order = pool->min_alloc_order;
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int nbits, start_bit = 0, end_bit, remain;
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#ifndef CONFIG_ARCH_HAVE_NMI_SAFE_CMPXCHG
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BUG_ON(in_nmi());
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#endif
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if (size == 0)
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return 0;
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nbits = (size + (1UL << order) - 1) >> order;
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rcu_read_lock();
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list_for_each_entry_rcu(chunk, &pool->chunks, next_chunk) {
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if (size > atomic_read(&chunk->avail))
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continue;
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end_bit = (chunk->end_addr - chunk->start_addr) >> order;
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retry:
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start_bit = bitmap_find_next_zero_area(chunk->bits, end_bit,
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start_bit, nbits, 0);
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if (start_bit >= end_bit)
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continue;
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remain = bitmap_set_ll(chunk->bits, start_bit, nbits);
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if (remain) {
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remain = bitmap_clear_ll(chunk->bits, start_bit,
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nbits - remain);
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BUG_ON(remain);
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goto retry;
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}
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addr = chunk->start_addr + ((unsigned long)start_bit << order);
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size = nbits << order;
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atomic_sub(size, &chunk->avail);
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break;
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}
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rcu_read_unlock();
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return addr;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_pool_alloc);
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/**
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* gen_pool_free - free allocated special memory back to the pool
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* @pool: pool to free to
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* @addr: starting address of memory to free back to pool
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* @size: size in bytes of memory to free
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*
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* Free previously allocated special memory back to the specified
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* pool. Can not be used in NMI handler on architectures without
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* NMI-safe cmpxchg implementation.
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*/
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void gen_pool_free(struct gen_pool *pool, unsigned long addr, size_t size)
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{
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struct gen_pool_chunk *chunk;
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int order = pool->min_alloc_order;
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int start_bit, nbits, remain;
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#ifndef CONFIG_ARCH_HAVE_NMI_SAFE_CMPXCHG
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BUG_ON(in_nmi());
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#endif
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nbits = (size + (1UL << order) - 1) >> order;
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rcu_read_lock();
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list_for_each_entry_rcu(chunk, &pool->chunks, next_chunk) {
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if (addr >= chunk->start_addr && addr < chunk->end_addr) {
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BUG_ON(addr + size > chunk->end_addr);
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start_bit = (addr - chunk->start_addr) >> order;
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remain = bitmap_clear_ll(chunk->bits, start_bit, nbits);
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BUG_ON(remain);
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size = nbits << order;
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atomic_add(size, &chunk->avail);
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rcu_read_unlock();
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return;
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}
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}
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rcu_read_unlock();
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BUG();
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_pool_free);
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/**
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* gen_pool_for_each_chunk - call func for every chunk of generic memory pool
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* @pool: the generic memory pool
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* @func: func to call
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* @data: additional data used by @func
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*
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* Call @func for every chunk of generic memory pool. The @func is
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* called with rcu_read_lock held.
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*/
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void gen_pool_for_each_chunk(struct gen_pool *pool,
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void (*func)(struct gen_pool *pool, struct gen_pool_chunk *chunk, void *data),
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void *data)
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{
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struct gen_pool_chunk *chunk;
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rcu_read_lock();
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list_for_each_entry_rcu(chunk, &(pool)->chunks, next_chunk)
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func(pool, chunk, data);
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rcu_read_unlock();
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(gen_pool_for_each_chunk);
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/**
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* gen_pool_avail - get available free space of the pool
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* @pool: pool to get available free space
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*
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* Return available free space of the specified pool.
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*/
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size_t gen_pool_avail(struct gen_pool *pool)
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{
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struct gen_pool_chunk *chunk;
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size_t avail = 0;
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rcu_read_lock();
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list_for_each_entry_rcu(chunk, &pool->chunks, next_chunk)
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avail += atomic_read(&chunk->avail);
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rcu_read_unlock();
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return avail;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(gen_pool_avail);
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/**
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* gen_pool_size - get size in bytes of memory managed by the pool
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* @pool: pool to get size
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*
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* Return size in bytes of memory managed by the pool.
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*/
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size_t gen_pool_size(struct gen_pool *pool)
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{
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struct gen_pool_chunk *chunk;
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size_t size = 0;
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rcu_read_lock();
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list_for_each_entry_rcu(chunk, &pool->chunks, next_chunk)
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size += chunk->end_addr - chunk->start_addr;
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rcu_read_unlock();
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return size;
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}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(gen_pool_size);
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