/* * linux/fs/file_table.c * * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds * Copyright (C) 1997 David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu) */ #include <linux/string.h> #include <linux/slab.h> #include <linux/file.h> #include <linux/fdtable.h> #include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/fs.h> #include <linux/security.h> #include <linux/ima.h> #include <linux/eventpoll.h> #include <linux/rcupdate.h> #include <linux/mount.h> #include <linux/capability.h> #include <linux/cdev.h> #include <linux/fsnotify.h> #include <linux/sysctl.h> #include <linux/percpu_counter.h> #include <asm/atomic.h> /* sysctl tunables... */ struct files_stat_struct files_stat = { .max_files = NR_FILE }; /* public. Not pretty! */ __cacheline_aligned_in_smp DEFINE_SPINLOCK(files_lock); /* SLAB cache for file structures */ static struct kmem_cache *filp_cachep __read_mostly; static struct percpu_counter nr_files __cacheline_aligned_in_smp; static inline void file_free_rcu(struct rcu_head *head) { struct file *f = container_of(head, struct file, f_u.fu_rcuhead); put_cred(f->f_cred); kmem_cache_free(filp_cachep, f); } static inline void file_free(struct file *f) { percpu_counter_dec(&nr_files); file_check_state(f); call_rcu(&f->f_u.fu_rcuhead, file_free_rcu); } /* * Return the total number of open files in the system */ static int get_nr_files(void) { return percpu_counter_read_positive(&nr_files); } /* * Return the maximum number of open files in the system */ int get_max_files(void) { return files_stat.max_files; } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_max_files); /* * Handle nr_files sysctl */ #if defined(CONFIG_SYSCTL) && defined(CONFIG_PROC_FS) int proc_nr_files(ctl_table *table, int write, struct file *filp, void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos) { files_stat.nr_files = get_nr_files(); return proc_dointvec(table, write, filp, buffer, lenp, ppos); } #else int proc_nr_files(ctl_table *table, int write, struct file *filp, void __user *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos) { return -ENOSYS; } #endif /* Find an unused file structure and return a pointer to it. * Returns NULL, if there are no more free file structures or * we run out of memory. * * Be very careful using this. You are responsible for * getting write access to any mount that you might assign * to this filp, if it is opened for write. If this is not * done, you will imbalance int the mount's writer count * and a warning at __fput() time. */ struct file *get_empty_filp(void) { const struct cred *cred = current_cred(); static int old_max; struct file * f; /* * Privileged users can go above max_files */ if (get_nr_files() >= files_stat.max_files && !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) { /* * percpu_counters are inaccurate. Do an expensive check before * we go and fail. */ if (percpu_counter_sum_positive(&nr_files) >= files_stat.max_files) goto over; } f = kmem_cache_zalloc(filp_cachep, GFP_KERNEL); if (f == NULL) goto fail; percpu_counter_inc(&nr_files); if (security_file_alloc(f)) goto fail_sec; INIT_LIST_HEAD(&f->f_u.fu_list); atomic_long_set(&f->f_count, 1); rwlock_init(&f->f_owner.lock); f->f_cred = get_cred(cred); spin_lock_init(&f->f_lock); eventpoll_init_file(f); /* f->f_version: 0 */ return f; over: /* Ran out of filps - report that */ if (get_nr_files() > old_max) { printk(KERN_INFO "VFS: file-max limit %d reached\n", get_max_files()); old_max = get_nr_files(); } goto fail; fail_sec: file_free(f); fail: return NULL; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_empty_filp); /** * alloc_file - allocate and initialize a 'struct file' * @mnt: the vfsmount on which the file will reside * @dentry: the dentry representing the new file * @mode: the mode with which the new file will be opened * @fop: the 'struct file_operations' for the new file * * Use this instead of get_empty_filp() to get a new * 'struct file'. Do so because of the same initialization * pitfalls reasons listed for init_file(). This is a * preferred interface to using init_file(). * * If all the callers of init_file() are eliminated, its * code should be moved into this function. */ struct file *alloc_file(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry, fmode_t mode, const struct file_operations *fop) { struct file *file; file = get_empty_filp(); if (!file) return NULL; init_file(file, mnt, dentry, mode, fop); return file; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(alloc_file); /** * init_file - initialize a 'struct file' * @file: the already allocated 'struct file' to initialized * @mnt: the vfsmount on which the file resides * @dentry: the dentry representing this file * @mode: the mode the file is opened with * @fop: the 'struct file_operations' for this file * * Use this instead of setting the members directly. Doing so * avoids making mistakes like forgetting the mntget() or * forgetting to take a write on the mnt. * * Note: This is a crappy interface. It is here to make * merging with the existing users of get_empty_filp() * who have complex failure logic easier. All users * of this should be moving to alloc_file(). */ int init_file(struct file *file, struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry, fmode_t mode, const struct file_operations *fop) { int error = 0; file->f_path.dentry = dentry; file->f_path.mnt = mntget(mnt); file->f_mapping = dentry->d_inode->i_mapping; file->f_mode = mode; file->f_op = fop; /* * These mounts don't really matter in practice * for r/o bind mounts. They aren't userspace- * visible. We do this for consistency, and so * that we can do debugging checks at __fput() */ if ((mode & FMODE_WRITE) && !special_file(dentry->d_inode->i_mode)) { file_take_write(file); error = mnt_clone_write(mnt); WARN_ON(error); } return error; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(init_file); void fput(struct file *file) { if (atomic_long_dec_and_test(&file->f_count)) __fput(file); } EXPORT_SYMBOL(fput); /** * drop_file_write_access - give up ability to write to a file * @file: the file to which we will stop writing * * This is a central place which will give up the ability * to write to @file, along with access to write through * its vfsmount. */ void drop_file_write_access(struct file *file) { struct vfsmount *mnt = file->f_path.mnt; struct dentry *dentry = file->f_path.dentry; struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode; put_write_access(inode); if (special_file(inode->i_mode)) return; if (file_check_writeable(file) != 0) return; mnt_drop_write(mnt); file_release_write(file); } EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(drop_file_write_access); /* __fput is called from task context when aio completion releases the last * last use of a struct file *. Do not use otherwise. */ void __fput(struct file *file) { struct dentry *dentry = file->f_path.dentry; struct vfsmount *mnt = file->f_path.mnt; struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode; might_sleep(); fsnotify_close(file); /* * The function eventpoll_release() should be the first called * in the file cleanup chain. */ eventpoll_release(file); locks_remove_flock(file); if (unlikely(file->f_flags & FASYNC)) { if (file->f_op && file->f_op->fasync) file->f_op->fasync(-1, file, 0); } if (file->f_op && file->f_op->release) file->f_op->release(inode, file); security_file_free(file); ima_file_free(file); if (unlikely(S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) && inode->i_cdev != NULL)) cdev_put(inode->i_cdev); fops_put(file->f_op); put_pid(file->f_owner.pid); file_kill(file); if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) drop_file_write_access(file); file->f_path.dentry = NULL; file->f_path.mnt = NULL; file_free(file); dput(dentry); mntput(mnt); } struct file *fget(unsigned int fd) { struct file *file; struct files_struct *files = current->files; rcu_read_lock(); file = fcheck_files(files, fd); if (file) { if (!atomic_long_inc_not_zero(&file->f_count)) { /* File object ref couldn't be taken */ rcu_read_unlock(); return NULL; } } rcu_read_unlock(); return file; } EXPORT_SYMBOL(fget); /* * Lightweight file lookup - no refcnt increment if fd table isn't shared. * You can use this only if it is guranteed that the current task already * holds a refcnt to that file. That check has to be done at fget() only * and a flag is returned to be passed to the corresponding fput_light(). * There must not be a cloning between an fget_light/fput_light pair. */ struct file *fget_light(unsigned int fd, int *fput_needed) { struct file *file; struct files_struct *files = current->files; *fput_needed = 0; if (likely((atomic_read(&files->count) == 1))) { file = fcheck_files(files, fd); } else { rcu_read_lock(); file = fcheck_files(files, fd); if (file) { if (atomic_long_inc_not_zero(&file->f_count)) *fput_needed = 1; else /* Didn't get the reference, someone's freed */ file = NULL; } rcu_read_unlock(); } return file; } void put_filp(struct file *file) { if (atomic_long_dec_and_test(&file->f_count)) { security_file_free(file); file_kill(file); file_free(file); } } void file_move(struct file *file, struct list_head *list) { if (!list) return; file_list_lock(); list_move(&file->f_u.fu_list, list); file_list_unlock(); } void file_kill(struct file *file) { if (!list_empty(&file->f_u.fu_list)) { file_list_lock(); list_del_init(&file->f_u.fu_list); file_list_unlock(); } } int fs_may_remount_ro(struct super_block *sb) { struct file *file; /* Check that no files are currently opened for writing. */ file_list_lock(); list_for_each_entry(file, &sb->s_files, f_u.fu_list) { struct inode *inode = file->f_path.dentry->d_inode; /* File with pending delete? */ if (inode->i_nlink == 0) goto too_bad; /* Writeable file? */ if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) && (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)) goto too_bad; } file_list_unlock(); return 1; /* Tis' cool bro. */ too_bad: file_list_unlock(); return 0; } /** * mark_files_ro - mark all files read-only * @sb: superblock in question * * All files are marked read-only. We don't care about pending * delete files so this should be used in 'force' mode only. */ void mark_files_ro(struct super_block *sb) { struct file *f; retry: file_list_lock(); list_for_each_entry(f, &sb->s_files, f_u.fu_list) { struct vfsmount *mnt; if (!S_ISREG(f->f_path.dentry->d_inode->i_mode)) continue; if (!file_count(f)) continue; if (!(f->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)) continue; f->f_mode &= ~FMODE_WRITE; if (file_check_writeable(f) != 0) continue; file_release_write(f); mnt = mntget(f->f_path.mnt); file_list_unlock(); /* * This can sleep, so we can't hold * the file_list_lock() spinlock. */ mnt_drop_write(mnt); mntput(mnt); goto retry; } file_list_unlock(); } void __init files_init(unsigned long mempages) { int n; filp_cachep = kmem_cache_create("filp", sizeof(struct file), 0, SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN | SLAB_PANIC, NULL); /* * One file with associated inode and dcache is very roughly 1K. * Per default don't use more than 10% of our memory for files. */ n = (mempages * (PAGE_SIZE / 1024)) / 10; files_stat.max_files = n; if (files_stat.max_files < NR_FILE) files_stat.max_files = NR_FILE; files_defer_init(); percpu_counter_init(&nr_files, 0); }