This patch adds the generic Voice Codec support for the DM365 based
platforms.
Signed-off-by: Miguel Aguilar <miguel.aguilar@ridgerun.com>
Acked-by: Mark Brown <broonie@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
When supporting I2C/SPI based on-board PLLs like CDCE949,
it is essential that clk->set_rate be able to sleep.
Currently, this is not possible because clk->set_rate is
called from within spin-lock in clk_set_rate
This patch brings clk->set_rate outside of the spin-lock
and lets the individual set_rate implementations achieve
serialization through appropiate means.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Patch adds SDA and SCL pin numbers to the i2c platform data
structure for Davinci DM355 and DM6446. This at present is
used for i2c bus recovery.
TODO: Add SDA and SCL pin number information to include all
Davinci platforms such as dm355-leopard, dm365, dm646x, da8xx etc.
Signed-off-by: Philby John <pjohn@in.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Currently da850/omap-l138 supports only one channel controller
instance of EDMA though EDMA driver as such supports multiple
channel controller instances. This patch adds platform data
for the 2nd EDMA channel controller. As, the platform data
differ between da830/omap-l137 and da850/omap-l138, existing
code has been re-shuffled to accommodate this.
Signed-off-by: Sudhakar Rajashekhara <sudhakar.raj@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Currently, the edma_noevent list is passed from platform data.
But on some architectures, there will be many EDMA channels
which will not be used at all. This patch scans all the
platform devices and then builds a list of events which are
not being used. The unused event list will be used to allocate
EDMA channels in case of EDMA_CHANNEL_ANY usage instead of the
edma_noevent being used earlier for this purpose.
This patch is based on David Brownells's suggestion at
http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.davinci/15176.
Signed-off-by: Sudhakar Rajashekhara <sudhakar.raj@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Though edma_alloc_channel api was looping through the available
channel controllers in EDMA_CHANNEL_ANY case, it was never
returning the channel for 2nd channel controller, if 1st
channel controller had no free channels. This issue has
been fixed with this patch.
Signed-off-by: Sudhakar Rajashekhara <sudhakar.raj@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Some architectures have only one channel controller, but the
edma_alloc_channel api loops twice to findout the free channel
available in EDMA_CHANNEL_ANY case. A new variable has been
introduced to keep count of number of channel controllers being
used on a particular architecture.
Signed-off-by: Sudhakar Rajashekhara <sudhakar.raj@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Currently, edma_alloc_channel api is returning the channel
number without prepending the controller on which the
channel was allocated. So, if a channel is allocated on
2nd controller, calls subsequent to edma_alloc_channel would
never know that channel was allocated on the 2nd controller,
and continue to operate on 1st controller, resulting in edma
failure. This patch fixes this issue.
Signed-off-by: Sudhakar Rajashekhara <sudhakar.raj@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
This patch adds the CDCE949 reference oscillator to
the davinci clock list.
On the DM6467T EVM, the CDCE949 is responsible for
generating the pixel clock for display. On the DM6467
EVM, this pixel clock was being obtained from an
internal source. This is not possible on the DM6467T
EVM because of the presence of a 33MHz oscillator.
The TSIF module also requires the CDCE949 to generate
the data clocks.
The actual clock definitions will be added by patches
adding support for DM6467T VPIF and TSIF. This patch
mearly lays the foundation for that work.
Signed-off-by: Nageswari Srinivasan <nageswari@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
This patch adds support for TI's CDCE949 - a clock
synthesizer with 4 PLLs and 9 outputs.
It is used on DM6467 EVM. On the EVM, it generates
clocks required for VPIF, TSIF and Audio modules.
This patch adds it as part of the DaVinci clock framework.
Testing:
The various frequency outputs on Y1 have been tested using
a out-of-tree VPIF video driver supporting HD video.
The register values for Y5 frequency outputs have been
derived from TSIF driver sources in MontaVista LSP kernel,
but actual output has not been tested for lack of TSIF
driver which actually works on the latest kernel.
Signed-off-by: Nageswari Srinivasan <nageswari@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
This patch adds support for registering for suspend-to-RAM
functionality on da850/omap-l138 SoCs.
da850 supports wakeup based on external event and RTC
alarm.
Currently only RTC alarm based wakeup is supported.
Support for wakeup based on external event will be
added as later improvements.
For scheduling an alarm event on RTC some useful code
is present in Documentation/rtc.txt
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
This patch adds core power management (suspend-to-RAM)
support for DaVinci SoCs.
The code depends on the the "deepsleep" feature to suspend
the SoC and saves power by gating the input clock.
The wakeup can be based on an external event as supported
by the SoC.
Assembly code (in sleep.S) is added to aid gating DDR2
clocks. Code doing this work should not be accessing DDR2.
The assembly code is relocated to SRAM by the code in pm.c
The support has been validated on DA850/OMAP-L138 only
though the code is (hopefully) generic enough that other
SoCs supporting deepsleep feature simply requires SoC
specific code to start using this driver.
Note that all the device drivers don't support suspend/resume
still and are being worked on.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
In DM365 Q0, Q1 and Q2 are used by codecs.
LSP drivers should use Q3.
This patch changes the default queue for DM365.
Signed-off-by: Sandeep Paulraj <s-paulraj@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Some modules do not have PSC to control their clocks.
The 'lpsc' field in the clk structure is 0 for such clocks.
In the clock disable function check for CLK PSC flag before
disabling the PSC. If this is not taken care of then it may
so happen that module controlled by LPSC 0 is erroneously disabled.
Signed-off-by: Chaithrika U S <chaithrika@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
The davinci EMAC peripheral is also available on other TI
platforms -notably TI AM3517 SoC. This patch modifies the
config option and the platform structure header files so that
the driver can be reused on non-davinci platforms as well.
Signed-off-by: Sriramakrishnan <srk@ti.com>
Acked-by: Chaithrika U S <chaithrika@ti.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
This patch initializes the platform data to enable 4-bit
ecc support on DA850/OMAP-L138.
Signed-off-by: Sudhakar Rajashekhara <sudhakar.raj@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
On DA850/OMAP-L138, NOR flash partition was starting from offset
ZERO erasing the UBL and u-boot when the complete NOR is erased.
This patch moves the start of the partition to 512K, after the
bootloaders and u-boot env variables.
This patch also creates a new partition on NOR Flash to store
Linux kernel image.
Signed-off-by: Sudhakar Rajashekhara <sudhakar.raj@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Move /proc/davinci_clocks to /sys/kernel/debug/davinci_clocks
(debugfs).
debugfs is more suited for this since the clock dump is
debug information.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
This patch modifies clock dump to take care of
clock tress rooted at multiple oscillators.
Current code assumes the entire tree is rooted
on a single oscillator. When using off-chip
clock synthesizers, some of the clocks can
be obtained from a different on-board oscillator.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
DM6467T (T for Turbo) is a newer and faster DM6467
part from TI. The new part supports 1080p video and
has the ARM running at 495MHz. More SoC information:
http://focus.ti.com/docs/prod/folders/print/tms320dm6467t.html
Spectrum Digital, Inc has a new EVM for this part.
It is _mostly_ same as the older DM6467 EVM except
for a 33MHz crystal input and THS8200 video encoder
for 1080p support.
The meat of this patch is dedicated to initializing
the crystal frequency from EVM board file.
Additional notes:
I did consider some alternative ways to make the crystal
input board specific including - (1) having board code
initialize the crystal frequency using the first member
of soc_info->cpu_clks array (2) introducing a new ref_clk_rate
member in soc_info structure.
But, the current way seems to be the simplest and least
intruding considering that both the clock array and SoC
info structure are actually private to the SoC file. Also
the fact that davinci_common_init() initializes both the
soc_info and clocks in one go.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Currently all the #defines and static variables in the
board-dm646x-evm.c file are located right at the start
of the file because of which the related code is not
together - making reading the code difficult.
This patch moves around the code keeping related code
together.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Leave a comment explaining the constant value of 27Mhz used
in include/mach/timex.h for all DaVinci platforms. Many of
the platforms actually run at 24MHz timer frequency (Eg.
EVMs of DM355, DM365 and OMAP-L1).
The comment also serves as a porting alert.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Create static map for internal SRAM and populate SRAM base
and size in soc_info structure to allow SRAM allocation
functions from arch/arm/mach-davinci/sram.c to work.
On DA850 SRAM is used for suspend-to-RAM implementation
in places where DDR2 cannot be accessed as its clocks are
stopped.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
On omap-l1 devices the PLL registers can be locked from
writes. Currently the cpufreq rate setting code unlocks
PLL0 before the write actually happens. With suspend
support getting added PLL1 registers need be be unlocked
as well.
To facilitate this, unlock both PLLs during the init time
itself.
This also obviates the need to unlock PLL registers for
each CPUFreq transtition.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
When suspend is supported, both cpuidle and suspend code
need to work on DDR2 registers. Instead of mapping the
DDR2 registers twice, do it once outside of cpuidle
driver and let cpuidle driver get the virtual base address
of DDR2 registers.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
psc.h contains register defines for PSC module which
need to be accessed in assembly code which helps the
DA850/OMAP-L138 SoC go to sleep. Shutting down DDR clock
using PSC is a part of the sleep procedure.
Also, the PLL related hardware definitions in clock.h are
needed in assembly code to bypass the DDR2 PLL.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
The motivation behind the change is to use the same
definitions in the assembly code responsible for
suspending the SoC, a part of which is to clock gate
the DDR2 clock.
Note that the assembly code cannot invoke the C function
meant for this. The main reason being that stack in DDR2
cannot be accessed while DDR2 clock is being clock gated.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Move defintions of DDR2 controller registers to memory.h
from cpuidle.c. The motivation behind the change is to be
able to use these defintions in assembly code that puts
DDR2 in self-refresh and enables the SoC to enter suspend
state.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
As suspend support is added, the code supporting
the suspend operation needs to bypass PLLs and
needs to access the same wait time values as the
PLL code in clock.c.
To facilitate this, move the PLL wait times to
clock.h where they can be accessed by suspend code.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
OMAP-L138 adds a second SYSCFG region having useful functionality
like deep sleep, pull up/down control and SATA clock stop.
This patch makes provision for accessing registers from second
SYSCFG region in da8xx code.
Note that OMAP-L137 has a single SYSCFG region.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
This patch adds following changes:-
1) add sub device configuration data for TVP5146 used by vpfe capture
2) registers platform devices for vpfe_capture, isif and vpss
3) defines hardware resources for the devices listed under 2)
4) defines clock aliase for isif driver
5) adding setup_pinmux() for isif
Signed-off-by: Murali Karicheri <m-karicheri2@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dtor/input:
Input: sentelic - fix left/right horizontal scroll mapping
Input: pmouse - move Sentelic probe down the list
Input: add compat support for sysfs and /proc capabilities output
Input: i8042 - add Dritek quirk for Acer Aspire 5610.
Input: xbox - do not use GFP_KERNEL under spinlock
Input: psmouse - fix Synaptics detection when protocol is disabled
Input: bcm5974 - report ABS_MT events
Input: davinci_keyscan - add device_enable method to platform data
Input: evdev - be less aggressive about sending SIGIO notifies
Input: atkbd - fix canceling event_work in disconnect
Input: serio - fix potential deadlock when unbinding drivers
Input: gf2k - fix &&/|| confusion in gf2k_connect()
Adds the device_enable function to the DaVinci Keyscan platform data
to setup the PINMUX configuration.
It also removes #ifdef from the DM365 EVM board in order to load it
properly as a module.
Signed-off-by: Miguel Aguilar <miguel.aguilar@ridgerun.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
On da850, RTC alarm is a wakeup source from deep sleep.
Mark it as a wakeup source after the rtc platform device
is registered.
Without this patch, the rtc-omap driver suspends the RTC
during the suspend sequence and hence it cannot wakeup the
SoC.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
There is nothing special to be done for interrupts
which can wakeup the device from sleep on CP-INTC,
but not having a set_wake implemented prevents use
of common drivers which expect this function to be
implemented for all wakeup interrupt sources.
This patch fixes the issue encountered when using the
omap-rtc driver on DA850. On DA850 the RTC alarm
interrupt is used to wake up the SoC from deep sleep
mode. Without this patch, the disable_irq_wake throws
an unbalanced wake disable warning while resuming
because the previous enable call fails for lack of
set_wake implementation.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
The I2C adapter ID is actually depends on Board and may vary, Davinci
uses id=1, but in case of AM3517 id=3.
So modified respective davinci board files.
Signed-off-by: Vaibhav Hiremath <hvaibhav@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Add a function pointer in the platform data of the DaVinci Keyscan driver
called device_enable, in order to perform board specific actions when
the device is initialized, like setup the PINMUX configuration.
Signed-off-by: Miguel Aguilar <miguel.aguilar@ridgerun.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
* git://git.infradead.org/mtd-2.6: (90 commits)
jffs2: Fix long-standing bug with symlink garbage collection.
mtd: OneNAND: Fix test of unsigned in onenand_otp_walk()
mtd: cfi_cmdset_0002, fix lock imbalance
Revert "mtd: move mxcnd_remove to .exit.text"
mtd: m25p80: add support for Macronix MX25L4005A
kmsg_dump: fix build for CONFIG_PRINTK=n
mtd: nandsim: add support for 4KiB pages
mtd: mtdoops: refactor as a kmsg_dumper
mtd: mtdoops: make record size configurable
mtd: mtdoops: limit the maximum mtd partition size
mtd: mtdoops: keep track of used/unused pages in an array
mtd: mtdoops: several minor cleanups
core: Add kernel message dumper to call on oopses and panics
mtd: add ARM pismo support
mtd: pxa3xx_nand: Fix PIO data transfer
mtd: nand: fix multi-chip suspend problem
mtd: add support for switching old SST chips into QRY mode
mtd: fix M29W800D dev_id and uaddr
mtd: don't use PF_MEMALLOC
mtd: Add bad block table overrides to Davinci NAND driver
...
Fixed up conflicts (mostly trivial) in
drivers/mtd/devices/m25p80.c
drivers/mtd/maps/pcmciamtd.c
drivers/mtd/nand/pxa3xx_nand.c
kernel/printk.c
Add the platform specific callback to control LCD panel and backlight
power.
Signed-off-by: Chaithrika U S <chaithrika@ti.com>
Acked-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Cc: Krzysztof Helt <krzysztof.h1@poczta.fm>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dtor/input: (51 commits)
Input: appletouch - give up maintainership
Input: dm355evm_kbd - switch to using sparse keymap library
Input: wistron_btns - switch to using sparse keymap library
Input: add generic support for sparse keymaps
Input: fix memory leak in force feedback core
Input: wistron - remove identification strings from DMI table
Input: psmouse - remove identification strings from DMI tables
Input: atkbd - remove identification strings from DMI table
Input: i8042 - remove identification strings from DMI tables
DMI: allow omitting ident strings in DMI tables
Input: psmouse - do not carry DMI data around
Input: matrix-keypad - switch to using dev_pm_ops
Input: keyboard - fix lack of locking when traversing handler->h_list
Input: gpio_keys - scan gpio state at probe and resume time
Input: keyboard - add locking around event handling
Input: usbtouchscreen - add support for ET&T TC5UH touchscreen controller
Input: xpad - add two new Xbox 360 devices
Input: polled device - do not start polling if interval is zero
Input: polled device - schedule first poll immediately
Input: add S3C24XX touchscreen driver
...
* 'davinci-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/khilman/linux-davinci: (69 commits)
davinci: Initial support for Neuros OSD2 platform.
davinci: remove unused variable in arch/arm/mach-davinci/board-sffsdr.c
davinci: fix section mismatch warning in arch/arm/mach-davinci/board-dm646x-evm.c
DaVinci: DM365: Enable DaVinci RTC support for DM365 EVM
DA8xx/OMAP-L1xx: Add high speed SD/MMC capabilities
davinci: DA8XX/OMAP-L1XX: enable cpuidle and regulator in defconfig
davinci: DA850/OMAP-L138: avoid using separate initcall for initializing regulator
davinci: DA850/OMAP-L138 EVM: register for cpuidle support
davinci: DA8XX/OMAP-L1XX: add support for cpuidle driver register
davinci: add CPU idle driver
davinci: DA8XX/OMAP-L1XX: fix compiler warning
davinci: DA850/OMAP-L138: eliminate static function declaration
davinci: DA850/OMAP-L138 EVM: simplify configuration of emac in MII/RMII mode
davinci: DA850/OMAP-L138 EVM: get rid of DA850_UI_EXP config option
davinci: DA850/OMAP-L138 EVM: implement autodetect of RMII PHY
davinci: DA830/OMAP-L137 EVM: do not configure NAND on UI card when MMC/SD is selected
davinci: DA830/OMAP-L137 EVM: use runtime detection for UI card
davinci: DA830/OMAP-L137 EVM: remove ifdefs inside da830_evm_init()
davinci: DA830/OMAP-L137 EVM: fix warning with default config
davinci: Add NAND support for DA830/OMAP-L137 EVM platform
...
The existing NAND infrastructure allows the default main and
mirror bad block tables to be overridden in nand_default_bbt().
However, the davinci_nand driver does not support this. Add
that support by adding fields to the davinci driver's platform
data so platform code can pass in their own bbt's and make the
davinci_nand driver honor them.
Signed-off-by: Mark A. Greer <mgreer@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
CC: Sudhakar Rajashekhara <sudhakar.raj@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
The Neuros OSD 2.0 is the hardware component of the Neuros Open
Internet Television Platform. Hardware is very close to Ti DM644X-EVM board.
It has: DM6446M02 module with 256MB NAND, 256MB RAM, TLV320AIC32 AIC,
USB, Ethernet, SD/MMC, UART, THS8200, TVP7000 for video.
Additionaly realtime clock, IR remote control receiver,
IR Blaster based on MSP430 (firmware although is different
from used in DM644X-EVM), internal ATA-6 3.5” HDD drive
with PATA interface, two muxed red-green leds.
For more information please refer to
http://wiki.neurostechnology.com/index.php/OSD_2.0_HD
Signed-off-by: Andrey Porodko <panda@chelcom.ru>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
This patch fixes the following warning:
arch/arm/mach-davinci/board-sffsdr.c:99: warning: 'sffsdr_emac_pdata' defined but not used
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
A section mismatch is reported for gpio_led_platform_data
as it is referenced by a non annotated function (evm_led_setup)
This patch fixes the issue by converting the __initconst to const
as is the case in arch/arm/mach-davinci/board-dm644x-evm.c file.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
The general structures are defined at DM365 SoC file and the specific
platform data structure for the EVM is defined at board file.
Signed-off-by: Miguel Aguilar <miguel.aguilar@ridgerun.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Include high speed capabilities in MMC/SD platform data
for DA830/OMAP-L137 and DA850/OMAP-L138 EVMs.
Signed-off-by: Chaithrika U S <chaithrika@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
Using a device_initcall() for initializing the voltage regulator
on DA850 is not such a good idea because it gets called for all
platforms - even those who do not have a regulator implemented.
This leads to a big fat warning message during boot-up when
regulator cannot be found.
Instead, tie initialization of voltage regulator to cpufreq init.
Define a platform specific init call which in case of DA850 gets
used for initializing the regulator. On other future platforms it
can be used for other purposes.
Signed-off-by: Sekhar Nori <nsekhar@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@deeprootsystems.com>
