The color change announcement is very similar to how CSA works where
we have an IE that includes a counter. When the counter hits 0, the new
color is applied via an updated beacon.
This patch makes the CSA counter functionality reusable, rather than
implementing it again. This also allows for future reuse incase support
for other counter IEs gets added.
Co-developed-by: Lorenzo Bianconi <lorenzo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Bianconi <lorenzo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: John Crispin <john@phrozen.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/057c1e67b82bee561ea44ce6a45a8462d3da6995.1625247619.git.lorenzo@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Notify the driver about the 4-address mode change and also send a nulldata
packet to the AP to notify it about the change
Fixes: 1ff4e8f2de ("mac80211: notify the driver when a sta uses 4-address mode")
Signed-off-by: Felix Fietkau <nbd@nbd.name>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210702050111.47546-1-nbd@nbd.name
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
This switches the airtime scheduler in mac80211 to use a virtual
time-based scheduler instead of the round-robin scheduler used before.
This has a couple of advantages:
- No need to sync up the round-robin scheduler in firmware/hardware with
the round-robin airtime scheduler.
- If several stations are eligible for transmission we can schedule both
of them; no need to hard-block the scheduling rotation until the head
of the queue has used up its quantum.
- The check of whether a station is eligible for transmission becomes
simpler (in ieee80211_txq_may_transmit()).
The drawback is that scheduling becomes slightly more expensive, as we
need to maintain an rbtree of TXQs sorted by virtual time. This means
that ieee80211_register_airtime() becomes O(logN) in the number of
currently scheduled TXQs because it can change the order of the
scheduled stations. We mitigate this overhead by only resorting when a
station changes position in the tree, and hopefully N rarely grows too
big (it's only TXQs currently backlogged, not all associated stations),
so it shouldn't be too big of an issue.
To prevent divisions in the fast path, we maintain both station sums and
pre-computed reciprocals of the sums. This turns the fast-path operation
into a multiplication, with divisions only happening as the number of
active stations change (to re-compute the current sum of all active
station weights). To prevent this re-computation of the reciprocal from
happening too frequently, we use a time-based notion of station
activity, instead of updating the weight every time a station gets
scheduled or de-scheduled. As queues can oscillate between empty and
occupied quite frequently, this can significantly cut down on the number
of re-computations. It also has the added benefit of making the station
airtime calculation independent on whether the queue happened to have
drained at the time an airtime value was accounted.
Co-developed-by: Yibo Zhao <yiboz@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Yibo Zhao <yiboz@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210623134755.235545-1-toke@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Conflicts:
MAINTAINERS
- keep Chandrasekar
drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx5/core/en_main.c
- simple fix + trust the code re-added to param.c in -next is fine
include/linux/bpf.h
- trivial
include/linux/ethtool.h
- trivial, fix kdoc while at it
include/linux/skmsg.h
- move to relevant place in tcp.c, comment re-wrapped
net/core/skmsg.c
- add the sk = sk // sk = NULL around calls
net/tipc/crypto.c
- trivial
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
In some race conditions, with more clients and traffic configuration,
below crash is seen when making the interface down. sta->fast_rx wasn't
cleared when STA gets removed from 4-addr AP_VLAN interface. The crash is
due to try accessing 4-addr AP_VLAN interface's net_device (fast_rx->dev)
which has been deleted already.
Resolve this by clearing sta->fast_rx pointer when STA removes
from a 4-addr VLAN.
[ 239.449529] Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000004
[ 239.449531] pgd = 80204000
...
[ 239.481496] CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Not tainted 4.4.60 #227
[ 239.481591] Hardware name: Generic DT based system
[ 239.487665] task: be05b700 ti: be08e000 task.ti: be08e000
[ 239.492360] PC is at get_rps_cpu+0x2d4/0x31c
[ 239.497823] LR is at 0xbe08fc54
...
[ 239.778574] [<80739740>] (get_rps_cpu) from [<8073cb10>] (netif_receive_skb_internal+0x8c/0xac)
[ 239.786722] [<8073cb10>] (netif_receive_skb_internal) from [<8073d578>] (napi_gro_receive+0x48/0xc4)
[ 239.795267] [<8073d578>] (napi_gro_receive) from [<c7b83e8c>] (ieee80211_mark_rx_ba_filtered_frames+0xbcc/0x12d4 [mac80211])
[ 239.804776] [<c7b83e8c>] (ieee80211_mark_rx_ba_filtered_frames [mac80211]) from [<c7b84d4c>] (ieee80211_rx_napi+0x7b8/0x8c8 [mac8
0211])
[ 239.815857] [<c7b84d4c>] (ieee80211_rx_napi [mac80211]) from [<c7f63d7c>] (ath11k_dp_process_rx+0x7bc/0x8c8 [ath11k])
[ 239.827757] [<c7f63d7c>] (ath11k_dp_process_rx [ath11k]) from [<c7f5b6c4>] (ath11k_dp_service_srng+0x2c0/0x2e0 [ath11k])
[ 239.838484] [<c7f5b6c4>] (ath11k_dp_service_srng [ath11k]) from [<7f55b7dc>] (ath11k_ahb_ext_grp_napi_poll+0x20/0x84 [ath11k_ahb]
)
[ 239.849419] [<7f55b7dc>] (ath11k_ahb_ext_grp_napi_poll [ath11k_ahb]) from [<8073ce1c>] (net_rx_action+0xe0/0x28c)
[ 239.860945] [<8073ce1c>] (net_rx_action) from [<80324868>] (__do_softirq+0xe4/0x228)
[ 239.871269] [<80324868>] (__do_softirq) from [<80324c48>] (irq_exit+0x98/0x108)
[ 239.879080] [<80324c48>] (irq_exit) from [<8035c59c>] (__handle_domain_irq+0x90/0xb4)
[ 239.886114] [<8035c59c>] (__handle_domain_irq) from [<8030137c>] (gic_handle_irq+0x50/0x94)
[ 239.894100] [<8030137c>] (gic_handle_irq) from [<803024c0>] (__irq_svc+0x40/0x74)
Signed-off-by: Seevalamuthu Mariappan <seevalam@codeaurora.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1616163532-3881-1-git-send-email-seevalam@codeaurora.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Coverity reported the strange "if (~...)" condition that's
always true. It suggested that ! was intended instead of ~,
but upon further analysis I'm convinced that what really was
intended was a comparison to 0xff/0xffff (in HT/VHT cases
respectively), since this indicates that all of the rates
are enabled.
Change the comparison accordingly.
I'm guessing this never really mattered because a reset to
not having a rate mask is basically equivalent to having a
mask that enables all rates.
Reported-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Fixes: 2ffbe6d333 ("mac80211: fix and optimize MCS mask handling")
Fixes: b119ad6e72 ("mac80211: add rate mask logic for vht rates")
Reviewed-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210212112213.36b38078f569.I8546a20c80bc1669058eb453e213630b846e107b@changeid
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
This change registers ieee80211_set_sar_specs to
mac80211_config_ops, so cfg80211 can call it.
Signed-off-by: Carl Huang <cjhuang@codeaurora.org>
Reviewed-by: Brian Norris <briannorris@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Abhishek Kumar <kuabhs@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201203103728.3034-3-cjhuang@codeaurora.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
We don't really use this struct, we're now using
struct cfg80211_he_bss_color instead.
Change the one place in mac80211 that's using the old
name to use struct assignment instead of memcpy() and
thus remove the wrong sizeof while at it.
Signed-off-by: Luca Coelho <luciano.coelho@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/iwlwifi.20201206145305.f6698d97ae4e.Iba2dffcb79c4ab80bde7407609806010b55edfdf@changeid
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
The user is allowed to change beacon tx rate (HT/VHT/HE) from hostapd.
This information needs to be passed to the driver when the rate control
is offloaded to the firmware. The driver capability of allowing beacon
rate is already validated in cfg80211, so simply passing the rate
information to the driver is enough.
Signed-off-by: Rajkumar Manoharan <rmanohar@codeaurora.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1601762658-15627-1-git-send-email-rmanohar@codeaurora.org
[adjust commit message slightly]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Even though a driver or mac80211 shouldn't produce a
legacy bitrate if sband->bitrates doesn't exist, don't
crash if that is the case either.
This fixes a kernel panic if station dump is run before
last_rate can be updated with a data frame when
sband->bitrates is missing (eg. in S1G bands).
Signed-off-by: Thomas Pedersen <thomas@adapt-ip.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201005164522.18069-1-thomas@adapt-ip.com
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
The changes required for associating in S1G are:
- apply S1G BSS channel info before assoc
- mark all S1G STAs as QoS STAs
- include and parse AID request element
- handle new Association Response format
- don't fail assoc if supported rates element is missing
Signed-off-by: Thomas Pedersen <thomas@adapt-ip.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200922022818.15855-15-thomas@adapt-ip.com
[pass skb to ieee80211_add_aid_request_ie(), remove unused variable 'bss']
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
This patch adds mac80211 support to configure unsolicited
broadcast probe response transmission for in-band discovery in 6GHz.
Changes include functions to store and retrieve probe response template,
and packet interval (0 - 20 TUs).
Setting interval to 0 disables the unsolicited broadcast probe response
transmission.
Signed-off-by: Aloka Dixit <alokad@codeaurora.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/010101747a946b35-ad25858a-1f1f-48df-909e-dc7bf26d9169-000000@us-west-2.amazonses.com
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
We want to reuse the functions and structs for other counters such as BSS
color change. Rename them to more generic names.
Signed-off-by: John Crispin <john@phrozen.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200811080107.3615705-2-john@phrozen.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
This is in fact 'disabled' in the spec, but there it's in a
place where that actually makes sense. In our internal data
structures, it doesn't really make sense, and in fact the
previous commit just fixed a bug in that area.
Make this safer by inverting the polarity from 'disabled' to
'enabled'.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200730130051.5d8399545bd9.Ie62fdcd1a6cd9c969315bc124084a494ca6c8df3@changeid
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Adding bss-color configuration is only valid in HE mode.
Earlier we have enabled it by default, irrespective of
capabilities/mode. Fix that.
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Reported-by: Rajkumar Manoharan <rmanohar@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: P Praneesh <ppranees@codeaurora.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1594262781-21444-1-git-send-email-ppranees@codeaurora.org
[fix up commit message]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Besides information about num of peerings and gate connectivity,
the mesh formation byte also contains a flag for authentication
server connectivity, that currently cannot be set in the mesh conf.
This patch adds this capability, which is necessary to implement
802.1X authentication in mesh mode.
Signed-off-by: Markus Theil <markus.theil@tu-ilmenau.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200611140238.427461-1-markus.theil@tu-ilmenau.de
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Currently, before being able to forward a packet between two 802.11s
nodes, both a PLINK handshake is performed upon receiving a beacon and
then later a PREQ/PREP exchange for path discovery is performed on
demand upon receiving a data frame to forward.
When running a mesh protocol on top of an 802.11s interface, like
batman-adv, we do not need the multi-hop mesh routing capabilities of
802.11s and usually set mesh_fwding=0. However, even with mesh_fwding=0
the PREQ/PREP path discovery is still performed on demand. Even though
in this scenario the next hop PREQ/PREP will determine is always the
direct 11s neighbor node.
The new mesh_nolearn parameter allows to skip the PREQ/PREP exchange in
this scenario, leading to a reduced delay, reduced packet buffering and
simplifies HWMP in general.
mesh_nolearn is still rather conservative in that if the packet destination
is not a direct 11s neighbor, it will fall back to PREQ/PREP path
discovery.
For normal, multi-hop 802.11s mesh routing it is usually not advisable
to enable mesh_nolearn as a transmission to a direct but distant neighbor
might be worse than reaching that same node via a more robust /
higher throughput etc. multi-hop path.
Cc: Sven Eckelmann <sven@narfation.org>
Cc: Simon Wunderlich <sw@simonwunderlich.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Lüssing <ll@simonwunderlich.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200617073034.26149-1-linus.luessing@c0d3.blue
[fix nl80211 policy to range 0/1 only]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Use the Beacon frame specific legacy rate configuration, if specified
for AP or mesh, instead of the generic rate mask when selecting the TX
rate for Beacon frames.
Signed-off-by: Jouni Malinen <jouni@codeaurora.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200425155713.25687-4-jouni@codeaurora.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
cfg80211_chan_def and ieee80211_channel recently gained a
frequency offset component. Handle this where it makes
sense (potentially required by S1G channels).
For IBSS, TDLS, CSA, and ROC we return -EOPNOTSUPP if a
channel with frequency offset is passed, since they may or
may not work. Once someone tests and verifies these
commands work on thos types of channels, we can remove
that error.
join_ocb and join_mesh look harmless because they use a
simple ieee80211_vif_use_channel(), which is using an
already verified channel, so we let those through.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Pedersen <thomas@adapt-ip.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200402011810.22947-4-thomas@adapt-ip.com
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Convert a user space registration for processing multicast Action frames
(NL80211_CMD_REGISTER_FRAME with NL80211_ATTR_RECEIVE_MULTICAST) to a
new enum ieee80211_filter_flags bit FIF_MCAST_ACTION so that drivers can
update their RX filter parameters appropriately, if needed.
Signed-off-by: Jouni Malinen <jouni@codeaurora.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200421144815.19175-1-jouni@codeaurora.org
[rename variables to rx_mcast_action_reg indicating action frames only]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Almost all drivers below cfg80211 get the API wrong (except for
cfg80211) and are unable to cope with multiple registrations for
the same frame type, which is valid due to the match filter.
This seems to indicate the API is wrong, and we should maintain
the full information in cfg80211 instead of the drivers.
Change the API to no longer inform the driver about individual
registrations and unregistrations, but rather every time about
the entire state of the entire wiphy and single wdev, whenever
it may have changed. This also simplifies the code in cfg80211
as it no longer has to track exactly what was unregistered and
can free things immediately.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Acked-by: Arend van Spriel <arend.vanspriel@broadcom.com>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Matyukevich <sergey.matyukevich.os@quantenna.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200417124300.f47f3828afc8.I7f81ef59c2c5a340d7075fb3c6d0e08e8aeffe07@changeid
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
There are two bugs with this, first, it shouldn't be called
on an interface that's down, and secondly, it should then be
called when the interface comes up.
Note that the currently only user (iwlwifi) doesn't seem to
care about either of these scenarios.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200417111830.401d82c7a0bf.I5dc7d718816460c2d8d89c7af6c215f9e2b3078f@changeid
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
In AP mode, set htc_trig_based_pkt_ext and frame_time_rts_th
for driver use.
Signed-off-by: Shaul Triebitz <shaul.triebitz@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Luca Coelho <luciano.coelho@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200131111300.891737-19-luca@coelho.fi
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
This patch adds support for disabling pre-auth rx over the nl80211 control
port for mac80211.
Signed-off-by: Markus Theil <markus.theil@tu-ilmenau.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200312091055.54257-3-markus.theil@tu-ilmenau.de
[fix indentation slightly, squash feature enablement]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Implement drv_set_tid_config api to allow TID specific
configuration and drv_reset_tid_config api to reset peer
specific TID configuration. This per-TID onfiguration
will be applied for all the connected stations when MAC is NULL.
Signed-off-by: Tamizh chelvam <tamizhr@codeaurora.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1579506687-18296-7-git-send-email-tamizhr@codeaurora.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Extend mac80211 key configuration to support the new BIGTK with key
index values 6 and 7. Support for actually protecting Beacon frames
(adding the MME in AP mode and checking it in STA mode) is covered in
separate commits.
Signed-off-by: Jouni Malinen <jouni@codeaurora.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200222132548.20835-3-jouni@codeaurora.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
* 802.11 frame encapsulation offload support
* more HE (802.11ax) support, including some for 6 GHz band
* powersave in hwsim, for better testing
Of course as usual there are various cleanups and small fixes.
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Merge tag 'mac80211-next-for-net-next-2020-02-14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jberg/mac80211-next
Johannes Berg says:
====================
A few big new things:
* 802.11 frame encapsulation offload support
* more HE (802.11ax) support, including some for 6 GHz band
* powersave in hwsim, for better testing
Of course as usual there are various cleanups and small fixes.
====================
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The SMPS feature is defined in the specification only to be
used by non-AP stations and not by APs, so remove the support
for changing the AP's SMPS mode dynamically.
Signed-off-by: Ilan Peer <ilan.peer@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Luca Coelho <luciano.coelho@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200131111300.891737-20-luca@coelho.fi
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
It turns out that this wasn't a good idea, I hit a test failure in
hwsim due to this. That particular failure was easily worked around,
but it raised questions: if an AP needs to, for example, send action
frames to each connected station, the current limit is nowhere near
enough (especially if those stations are sleeping and the frames are
queued for a while.)
Shuffle around some bits to make more room for ack_frame_id to allow
up to 8192 queued up frames, that's enough for queueing 4 frames to
each connected station, even at the maximum of 2007 stations on a
single AP.
We take the bits from band (which currently only 2 but I leave 3 in
case we add another band) and from the hw_queue, which can only need
4 since it has a limit of 16 queues.
Fixes: 6912daed05 ("mac80211: Shrink the size of ack_frame_id to make room for tx_time_est")
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Acked-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200115122549.b9a4ef9f4980.Ied52ed90150220b83a280009c590b65d125d087c@changeid
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
It is now possible to propagate BSS color settings into the subsystem. Lets
make mac80211 also handle them so that we can send them further down the
stack into the drivers. We drop the old bss_color field and change iwlwifi
to use the new he_bss_color struct.
Signed-off-by: John Crispin <john@phrozen.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191217141921.8114-2-john@phrozen.org
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
In case a radar event of CAC_FINISHED or RADAR_DETECTED
happens during another phy is during CAC we might need
to cancel that CAC.
If we got a radar in a channel that another phy is now
doing CAC on then the CAC should be canceled there.
If, for example, 2 phys doing CAC on the same channels,
or on comptable channels, once on of them will finish his
CAC the other might need to cancel his CAC, since it is no
longer relevant.
To fix that the commit adds an callback and implement it in
mac80211 to end CAC.
This commit also adds a call to said callback if after a radar
event we see the CAC is no longer relevant
Signed-off-by: Orr Mazor <Orr.Mazor@tandemg.com>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Matyukevich <sergey.matyukevich.os@quantenna.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191222145449.15792-1-Orr.Mazor@tandemg.com
[slightly reformat/reword commit message]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
To implement airtime queue limiting, we need to keep a running account of
the estimated airtime of all skbs queued into the device. Do to this
correctly, we need to store the airtime estimate into the skb so we can
decrease the outstanding balance when the skb is freed. This means that the
time estimate must be stored somewhere that will survive for the lifetime
of the skb.
To get this, decrease the size of the ack_frame_id field to 6 bits, and
lower the size of the ID space accordingly. This leaves 10 bits for use for
tx_time_est, which is enough to store a maximum of 4096 us, if we shift the
values so they become units of 4us.
Signed-off-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/157182474063.150713.16132669599100802716.stgit@toke.dk
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
The Layer 2 Update frame is used to update bridges when a station roams
to another AP even if that STA does not transmit any frames after the
reassociation. This behavior was described in IEEE Std 802.11F-2003 as
something that would happen based on MLME-ASSOCIATE.indication, i.e.,
before completing 4-way handshake. However, this IEEE trial-use
recommended practice document was published before RSN (IEEE Std
802.11i-2004) and as such, did not consider RSN use cases. Furthermore,
IEEE Std 802.11F-2003 was withdrawn in 2006 and as such, has not been
maintained amd should not be used anymore.
Sending out the Layer 2 Update frame immediately after association is
fine for open networks (and also when using SAE, FT protocol, or FILS
authentication when the station is actually authenticated by the time
association completes). However, it is not appropriate for cases where
RSN is used with PSK or EAP authentication since the station is actually
fully authenticated only once the 4-way handshake completes after
authentication and attackers might be able to use the unauthenticated
triggering of Layer 2 Update frame transmission to disrupt bridge
behavior.
Fix this by postponing transmission of the Layer 2 Update frame from
station entry addition to the point when the station entry is marked
authorized. Similarly, send out the VLAN binding update only if the STA
entry has already been authorized.
Signed-off-by: Jouni Malinen <jouni@codeaurora.org>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>